{"id":5739,"date":"2025-12-22T07:41:24","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T07:41:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/?page_id=5739"},"modified":"2026-07-16T04:05:04","modified_gmt":"2026-07-16T04:05:04","slug":"previous-year-papers-ccspension-rules","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/?page_id=5739","title":{"rendered":"Previous Year Papers-CCS(Pension) Rules"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5739\" class=\"elementor elementor-5739\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d764730 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d764730\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce36fb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"ce36fb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!--\r\n============================================================\r\nCSS ADDA \u00b7 PromotionExams.com\r\nREUSABLE PYQ QUIZ TEMPLATE \u2014 PRACTICE + ANALYTICS + AI COACH\r\n------------------------------------------------------------\r\nHOW TO REUSE FOR A NEW QUIZ (3 steps):\r\n  1. 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var(--line);margin-top:4px}\r\n.legend-title{font-weight:700;font-size:11.7px;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:8px}\r\n.legend-items{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}\r\n.legend-item{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;font-size:10.9px;color:var(--mut)}\r\n.legend-color{width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px}\r\n.legend-color.unattempted{background:var(--navy)}\r\n.legend-color.attempted{background:#f7ce6b}\r\n.legend-color.correct{background:var(--green)}\r\n.legend-color.incorrect{background:var(--red)}\r\n.stat-row{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:8px 0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--line)}\r\n.stat-row:last-child{border-bottom:none}\r\n.stat-label{color:var(--mut);font-size:13.1px}\r\n.stat-value{font-weight:700;font-size:15.2px;color:var(--ink)}\r\n.stat-value.correct{color:var(--green)}\r\n.stat-value.incorrect{color:var(--red)}\r\n.action-buttons{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px}\r\n.action-btn{width:100%;padding:12px;min-height:46px;border:none;border-radius:var(--r-md);font-size:13.6px;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:7px;transition:all .3s;font-family:var(--sans)}\r\n.action-btn.submit{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--green) 0%,var(--green-d) 100%);color:#fff;box-shadow:var(--sh-md)}\r\n.action-btn.submit:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:var(--sh-lg)}\r\n.action-btn.reset{background:#F8FAFC;color:var(--mut);border:2px solid var(--line)}\r\n.action-btn.reset:hover{border-color:var(--red);color:var(--red)}\r\n.action-btn.danger{background:#fff;color:var(--red-d);border:2px solid #f3c1c1}\r\n.action-btn.danger:hover{background:var(--red);border-color:var(--red);color:#fff}\r\n.reset-note{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--faint);text-align:center;margin-top:6px;line-height:1.45}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- TOAST & MODAL ---------- *\/\r\n.warning-toast{position:fixed;bottom:30px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);background:var(--red);color:#fff;padding:12px 24px;border-radius:var(--r-md);font-weight:600;box-shadow:var(--sh-lg);z-index:10000;display:none;animation:gpUp .3s ease;font-size:14.1px}\r\n.warning-toast.show{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}\r\n.warning-toast.success{background:var(--green)}\r\n@keyframes gpUp{from{opacity:0;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(20px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0)}}\r\n.result-modal{position:fixed;inset:0;background:rgba(9,20,45,.72);display:none;justify-content:center;align-items:center;z-index:10000;padding:20px}\r\n.result-modal.show{display:flex}\r\n.result-content{background:#fff;padding:32px;border-radius:var(--r-lg);text-align:center;max-width:440px;width:100%;box-shadow:var(--sh-lg);animation:gpModal .3s ease;max-height:90vh;overflow-y:auto}\r\n@keyframes gpModal{from{opacity:0;transform:scale(.92)}to{opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}}\r\n.result-icon{font-size:50px;margin-bottom:16px}\r\n.result-title{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:24px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:8px}\r\n.result-message{color:var(--mut);margin-bottom:20px;font-size:14.4px}\r\n.result-stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:10px;margin-bottom:20px}\r\n.result-stat{background:#F8FAFC;padding:12px;border-radius:var(--r-md)}\r\n.result-stat-value{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:22.4px;font-weight:600;color:var(--navy)}\r\n.result-stat-label{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--mut)}\r\n.result-buttons{display:flex;gap:10px;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.result-btn{padding:10px 20px;border:none;border-radius:var(--r-md);font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;transition:all .3s;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;font-size:13.1px;font-family:var(--sans)}\r\n.result-btn.primary{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--navy) 0%,var(--navy-d) 100%);color:#fff}\r\n.result-btn.secondary{background:#F8FAFC;color:var(--mut)}\r\n.result-btn.weak{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--red) 0%,var(--red-d) 100%);color:#fff}\r\n.result-btn:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================\r\n   TAB 2 \u2014 EXAM ANALYTICS\r\n===================================================== *\/\r\n.an-wrap{padding:6px 28px 40px;max-width:1080px;margin:0 auto}\r\n.an-card{padding:22px 22px}\r\n.bar-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:34px minmax(190px,1.5fr) 2.3fr auto;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:6px 0}\r\n.bar-row+.bar-row{border-top:1px dashed #eef1f6}\r\n.bar-rank{font-family:var(--serif);color:var(--mut);font-size:14.4px;text-align:right}\r\n\/* WRAP FIX: long chapter names wrap onto multiple lines instead of overflowing *\/\r\n.bar-name{font-size:13.8px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.35;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word}\r\n.bar-track{background:#eef1f6;border-radius:8px;height:20px;overflow:hidden}\r\n.bar-fill{height:100%;border-radius:8px;transition:width .8s ease}\r\n.bar-val{font-weight:700;font-size:14.7px;min-width:64px;text-align:right}\r\n.bar-val .pct{display:inline-block;font-weight:500;color:var(--mut);font-size:11.5px;margin-left:6px}\r\n.tbl-scroll{overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:#fff}\r\ntable.matrix{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:12.6px;min-width:900px}\r\ntable.matrix th,table.matrix td{text-align:center;padding:8px 5px;border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f6}\r\ntable.matrix thead th{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;font-weight:600;font-size:11.7px}\r\ntable.matrix thead th:first-child{text-align:left;padding-left:14px}\r\n\/* WRAP FIX: heatmap row-header wraps; bounded so year columns stay visible *\/\r\n.rn{text-align:left!important;padding-left:14px!important;font-weight:500;white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word;min-width:160px;max-width:300px;line-height:1.4;background:#fbfcfe}\r\n.rt{font-weight:700;background:#f2f4f8;border-left:2px solid var(--gold)}\r\ntable.matrix tbody tr:hover td{outline:1px solid rgba(201,153,42,.25)}\r\ntable.matrix tfoot td{background:var(--navy-d);color:#fff;font-weight:700;border-bottom:none}\r\ntable.matrix tfoot td:first-child{text-align:left;padding-left:14px}\r\n.hm-legend{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-top:14px;font-size:12.8px;color:var(--mut)}\r\n.hm-legend .sw{width:22px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;display:inline-block}\r\n.year-chart{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;gap:8px;height:180px;padding-top:14px}\r\n.yb{flex:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;height:100%;justify-content:flex-end}\r\n.yb-bar{width:100%;max-width:52px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-l),var(--gold));border-radius:6px 6px 0 0;position:relative;min-height:14px;transition:height .8s ease}\r\n.yb-bar span{position:absolute;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;text-align:center;font-weight:700;font-size:12.8px;color:var(--navy)}\r\n.yb-lab{margin-top:8px;font-size:10.6px;color:var(--mut);text-align:center}\r\n.insight{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:14px}\r\n.ins{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:3px solid var(--gold);border-radius:10px;padding:15px 17px}\r\n.ins h4{font-size:13.1px;color:var(--navy-d);margin-bottom:6px}\r\n.ins p{font-size:13.9px;color:#3a4453}\r\n.ins b{color:var(--gold-d)}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================\r\n   TAB 3 \u2014 MY PERFORMANCE (AI COACH)\r\n===================================================== *\/\r\n.ai-wrap{padding:6px 28px 40px;max-width:1080px;margin:0 auto}\r\n.ai-hero{display:grid;grid-template-columns:280px 1fr;gap:18px;align-items:stretch}\r\n.ai-ring-card{background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--navy-ink) 0%,var(--navy-d) 70%,#2f5fe0 100%);border-radius:var(--r-lg);padding:26px 20px;color:#fff;text-align:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;box-shadow:var(--sh-md)}\r\n.ai-ring{position:relative;width:150px;height:150px}\r\n.ai-ring svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}\r\n.ai-ring .bg{fill:none;stroke:rgba(255,255,255,.14);stroke-width:11}\r\n.ai-ring .fg{fill:none;stroke:var(--gold-l);stroke-width:11;stroke-linecap:round;transition:stroke-dashoffset 1s ease}\r\n.ai-ring-txt{position:absolute;inset:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center}\r\n.ai-ring-txt .n{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:40px;font-weight:600;color:var(--gold-l);line-height:1}\r\n.ai-ring-txt .l{font-size:9.9px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#bfdbfe;margin-top:4px}\r\n.ai-verdict{margin-top:14px;font-size:13.8px;color:#dbeafe;line-height:1.5}\r\n.ai-verdict b{color:#fff}\r\n.ai-coach-card{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r-lg);padding:22px;box-shadow:var(--sh-sm)}\r\n.ai-coach-card h3{font-size:15.2px;color:var(--navy-ink);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-bottom:12px}\r\n.ai-coach-card h3 i{color:var(--gold)}\r\n.ai-reco{display:flex;gap:12px;padding:11px 0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--line);align-items:flex-start}\r\n.ai-reco:last-child{border-bottom:none}\r\n.ai-reco .ic{width:30px;height:30px;border-radius:8px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:12.8px;flex-shrink:0;margin-top:2px}\r\n.ai-reco .ic.hot{background:var(--red-bg);color:var(--red-d)}\r\n.ai-reco .ic.warm{background:#fef7e6;color:var(--amber-d)}\r\n.ai-reco .ic.cool{background:#eff6ff;color:var(--navy)}\r\n.ai-reco .ic.good{background:var(--green-bg);color:var(--green-d)}\r\n.ai-reco p{font-size:13.9px;color:#37414f}\r\n.ai-reco p b{color:var(--navy-ink)}\r\n.ai-reco .go{margin-left:auto;flex-shrink:0;background:#EFF6FF;color:var(--navy-d);border:1px solid #d4e2fb;border-radius:8px;padding:6px 12px;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;transition:all .25s;font-family:var(--sans);white-space:nowrap}\r\n.ai-reco .go:hover{background:var(--navy);color:#fff}\r\n\r\n.ai-kpis{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(150px,1fr));gap:12px;margin-top:18px}\r\n.ai-kpi{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r-md);padding:14px 16px;box-shadow:var(--sh-sm)}\r\n.ai-kpi .n{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:25.6px;font-weight:600;color:var(--navy-d)}\r\n.ai-kpi .n.g{color:var(--green-d)} .ai-kpi .n.r{color:var(--red-d)} .ai-kpi .n.a{color:var(--amber-d)}\r\n.ai-kpi .l{font-size:10.9px;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--mut);margin-top:2px}\r\n\r\ntable.perf{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:13.1px;min-width:760px}\r\ntable.perf th,table.perf td{padding:10px 10px;border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f6;text-align:center}\r\ntable.perf thead th{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;font-weight:600;font-size:11.5px}\r\ntable.perf th:first-child,table.perf td:first-child{text-align:left;padding-left:14px}\r\n\/* WRAP FIX: chapter column wraps; bounded so metric columns stay visible *\/\r\ntable.perf td:first-child{font-weight:500;background:#fbfcfe;white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word;min-width:150px;max-width:260px;line-height:1.4}\r\n.mini-track{background:#eef1f6;border-radius:6px;height:9px;overflow:hidden;min-width:80px}\r\n.mini-fill{height:100%;border-radius:6px}\r\n.tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10.6px;font-weight:700;padding:3px 9px;border-radius:20px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.03em}\r\n.tag.hot{background:var(--red-bg);color:var(--red-d)}\r\n.tag.warm{background:#fef7e6;color:var(--amber-d)}\r\n.tag.ok{background:#eff6ff;color:var(--navy-d)}\r\n.tag.good{background:var(--green-bg);color:var(--green-d)}\r\n.tag.na{background:#f1f5f9;color:var(--faint)}\r\n.mini-go{background:none;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:5px 10px;font-size:11.2px;font-weight:700;color:var(--navy-d);cursor:pointer;transition:all .25s;font-family:var(--sans)}\r\n.mini-go:hover{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;border-color:var(--navy)}\r\n\r\n.rev-item{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;background:#F8FAFC;border-left:3px solid var(--amber);border-radius:var(--r-sm);padding:10px 12px;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:12.6px;cursor:pointer;transition:all .25s}\r\n.rev-item:hover{background:#fef7e6;transform:translateX(3px)}\r\n.rev-item .q-num{font-weight:700;color:var(--amber-d);flex-shrink:0}\r\n.rev-item .q-text{flex:1;color:var(--mut);white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}\r\n.rev-item .days{background:var(--amber);color:#fff;padding:2px 8px;border-radius:20px;font-size:10.2px;font-weight:700;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.ai-empty{text-align:center;padding:34px 20px;color:var(--mut)}\r\n.ai-empty i{font-size:32px;color:var(--gold);margin-bottom:12px;display:block}\r\n.ai-empty .big{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:19.2px;color:var(--navy-ink);margin-bottom:6px}\r\n.ai-empty p{font-size:13.9px;max-width:52ch;margin:0 auto}\r\n.ai-two{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}\r\n.perf-reset-wrap{margin-top:34px;padding:18px;border:1px dashed #f3c1c1;border-radius:var(--r-lg);background:#fffafa;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.perf-reset-wrap p{font-size:13.1px;color:var(--mut);flex:1;min-width:220px}\r\n.perf-reset-wrap p b{color:var(--red-d)}\r\n.perf-reset-btn{padding:11px 20px;background:#fff;border:2px solid #f3c1c1;border-radius:var(--r-md);color:var(--red-d);font-size:13.1px;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;transition:all .25s;font-family:var(--sans);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.perf-reset-btn:hover{background:var(--red);border-color:var(--red);color:#fff}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- RESPONSIVE ---------- *\/\r\n@media(max-width:1024px){.quiz-container{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 270px;gap:14px}}\r\n@media(max-width:900px){\r\n  \/* MOBILE: question first, everything else stacks below *\/\r\n  .quiz-container{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:0 12px 12px;gap:14px}\r\n  .filter-bar{padding:12px 12px 0}\r\n  .filter-list{flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow-x:auto;padding-bottom:6px;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .question-panel{order:1}\r\n  .dashboard-sidebar{order:2}\r\n  .gp-head-top{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}\r\n  .gp-stats{width:100%;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow-x:auto;padding-bottom:4px;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .gp-stat{min-width:84px;padding:7px 12px;flex:0 0 auto}\r\n  .gp-stat .n{font-size:19.2px}\r\n  .gp-tabs{overflow-x:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .gp-tab{flex:0 0 auto;white-space:nowrap}\r\n  .mode-selector{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;padding:10px 12px}\r\n  .mode-tabs{overflow-x:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;padding-bottom:4px;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .mode-tab{flex:0 0 auto;white-space:nowrap}\r\n  .session-info{justify-content:center}\r\n  \/* navigator becomes a horizontal strip *\/\r\n  .question-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow-x:auto;max-height:none;padding-bottom:6px;gap:7px;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .grid-item{flex:0 0 40px;height:40px;aspect-ratio:auto}\r\n  .weak-question-list{max-height:150px}\r\n  .ai-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr}\r\n  .ai-two{grid-template-columns:1fr}\r\n}\r\n@media(max-width:600px){\r\n  .gp-header{padding:18px 14px 0}\r\n  .gp-brand h1{font-size:20.5px}\r\n  .gp-brand p{font-size:12.5px}\r\n  .gp-tabs{overflow-x:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .gp-tab{padding:9px 13px;font-size:12px;flex:0 0 auto;white-space:nowrap}\r\n  .an-wrap,.ai-wrap{padding:6px 12px 30px}\r\n  .question-header{padding:11px 14px}\r\n  .question-number{font-size:15px}\r\n  .question-body{padding:14px}\r\n  .question-text{font-size:17px !important;padding:15px 16px;line-height:1.68}\r\n  .q-stmt{margin-left:6px;grid-template-columns:26px 1fr}\r\n  .option-item{padding:11px 12px;gap:9px}\r\n  .option-letter{min-width:30px;font-size:16.3px !important}\r\n  .option-text{font-size:16.3px !important}\r\n  .option-item:hover:not(.disabled){transform:none}\r\n  .question-nav{flex-wrap:wrap;padding:12px;gap:9px}\r\n  .nav-btn{padding:11px 16px;font-size:12.8px;flex:1;justify-content:center}\r\n  .nav-btn.check{order:-1;width:100%;max-width:none;flex-basis:100%}\r\n  .progress-combo{grid-template-columns:auto 1fr}\r\n  .result-stats{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:7px}\r\n  .result-content{padding:22px}\r\n  .result-buttons{flex-direction:column}\r\n  .bar-row{grid-template-columns:28px 1fr;row-gap:4px}\r\n  .bar-track{grid-column:1\/-1}\r\n  .bar-name,.bar-val{grid-column:2;text-align:left}\r\n  .sec-head{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px}\r\n  .sec-head .hint{margin-left:0;flex-basis:100%}\r\n  .sec-head h2{font-size:16px}\r\n  .year-chart{height:140px;gap:5px}\r\n  .yb-bar span{font-size:10.9px;top:-17px}\r\n  .yb-lab{font-size:9.3px}\r\n  .ai-ring{transform:scale(.85);margin:-8px}\r\n  .ai-ring-txt .n{font-size:33.6px}\r\n  .ai-kpis{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}\r\n  .ai-kpi .n{font-size:20.8px}\r\n  .ai-reco{flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n  .ai-reco .go{margin-left:42px}\r\n  .insight{grid-template-columns:1fr}\r\n  .progress-combo{gap:10px}\r\n  .warning-toast{width:calc(100% - 32px);justify-content:center;font-size:12.8px}\r\n  .gp-stat{min-width:76px}\r\n  .perf-reset-wrap{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}\r\n  .perf-reset-btn{justify-content:center}\r\n}\r\n\/* very small phones *\/\r\n@media(max-width:380px){\r\n  .gp-header{padding:14px 10px 0}\r\n  .gp-tab{padding:8px 10px;font-size:11.2px}\r\n  .mode-tab{padding:8px 11px;font-size:11.7px}\r\n  .question-text{font-size:16px !important;padding:12px}\r\n  .option-text,.option-letter{font-size:15.5px !important}\r\n  .an-wrap,.ai-wrap{padding:6px 8px 24px}\r\n  .quiz-container{padding:0 8px 8px}\r\n  .filter-bar{padding:10px 8px 0}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"gfr-portal\" id=\"quizWrapper\">\r\n    <!-- Warning Toast -->\r\n    <div class=\"warning-toast\" id=\"warningToast\">\r\n        <span class=\"ic\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>\r\n        <span id=\"toastMessage\">Message<\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- Result Modal -->\r\n    <div class=\"result-modal\" id=\"resultModal\">\r\n        <div class=\"result-content\">\r\n            <div class=\"result-icon\" id=\"resultIcon\">\ud83c\udf89<\/div>\r\n            <h2 class=\"result-title\" id=\"resultTitle\">Great Job!<\/h2>\r\n            <p class=\"result-message\" id=\"resultMessage\">You have completed the quiz.<\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"result-stats\">\r\n                <div class=\"result-stat\">\r\n                    <div class=\"result-stat-value\" id=\"resultCorrect\">0<\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"result-stat-label\">Correct<\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"result-stat\">\r\n                    <div class=\"result-stat-value\" id=\"resultIncorrect\">0<\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"result-stat-label\">Incorrect<\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"result-stat\">\r\n                    <div class=\"result-stat-value\" id=\"resultScore\">0%<\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"result-stat-label\">Score<\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"result-buttons\">\r\n                <button class=\"result-btn secondary\" id=\"reviewBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udc41<\/span> Review<\/button>\r\n                <button class=\"result-btn weak\" id=\"practiceWeakBtn\" style=\"display:none;\"><span class=\"ic\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/span> Practice Weak<\/button>\r\n                <button class=\"result-btn primary\" id=\"retryBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\u21bb<\/span> Try Again<\/button>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- ================= HEADER ================= -->\r\n    <header class=\"gp-header\">\r\n        <div class=\"gp-head-top\">\r\n            <div class=\"gp-brand\">\r\n                <div class=\"eyebrow\">CSS ADDA \u00b7 PromotionExams.com \u00b7 Paper 2<\/div>\r\n                 <h1 id=\"topicName\">CCS(Pension) Rules<\/h1>\r\n                <p id=\"topicSubtitle\">Combined SO\/Steno LDCE Previous Year Questions \u00b7 2009\u20132025 \u00b7 Smart Practice &amp; Analytics<\/p>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"gp-stats\">\r\n                <div class=\"gp-stat\"><div class=\"n\" id=\"hdrTotalQ\">0<\/div><div class=\"l\">PYQs<\/div><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"gp-stat\"><div class=\"n\" id=\"hdrCycles\">0<\/div><div class=\"l\">Exam Cycles<\/div><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"gp-stat\"><div class=\"n\" id=\"hdrMastered\">0%<\/div><div class=\"l\">Mastered<\/div><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"gp-stat clickable\" id=\"weakBadgeHeader\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"n\" id=\"weakCountHeader\">0<\/div><div class=\"l\">Weak Areas<\/div><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"gp-stat\"><div class=\"n\" id=\"hdrReadiness\">\u2014<\/div><div class=\"l\">Readiness<\/div><\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <nav class=\"gp-tabs\">\r\n            <button class=\"gp-tab active\" data-view=\"practice\"><span class=\"ic\">\u270d\ufe0f<\/span> Practice Quiz<\/button>\r\n            <button class=\"gp-tab\" data-view=\"analytics\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcca<\/span> Exam Analytics<\/button>\r\n            <button class=\"gp-tab\" data-view=\"performance\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83e\udde0<\/span> My Performance <span class=\"pill\" id=\"perfPill\" style=\"display:none;\">!<\/span><\/button>\r\n        <\/nav>\r\n    <\/header>\r\n\r\n    <!-- ================= VIEW 1 : PRACTICE QUIZ ================= -->\r\n    <div class=\"gp-view active\" id=\"view-practice\">\r\n\r\n    <!-- Mode Selector -->\r\n    <div class=\"mode-selector\">\r\n        <div class=\"mode-tabs\">\r\n            <button class=\"mode-tab active\" data-mode=\"all\" id=\"modeAll\">\r\n                <span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udccb<\/span> All Questions <span class=\"badge\" id=\"allCount\">0<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <button class=\"mode-tab\" data-mode=\"year\" id=\"modeYear\">\r\n                <span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcc5<\/span> By Year\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <button class=\"mode-tab\" data-mode=\"chapter\" id=\"modeChapter\">\r\n                <span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcda<\/span> By Chapter\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <button class=\"mode-tab weak-mode\" data-mode=\"weak\" id=\"modeWeak\">\r\n                <span class=\"ic\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/span> Weak Areas <span class=\"badge\" id=\"weakModeCount\">0<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"session-info\" id=\"sessionInfo\" style=\"display:none;\">\r\n            <span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udd58<\/span>\r\n            <span id=\"sessionText\">Last session: Q5<\/span>\r\n            <button class=\"resume-btn\" id=\"resumeBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\u25b6<\/span> Resume<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- FILTER BAR (before the MCQ content) -->\r\n    <div class=\"filter-bar\">\r\n        <div class=\"filter-bar-row\">\r\n            <div class=\"quiz-card\" id=\"yearFilterCard\">\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-header light\"><h3><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcc5<\/span> Filter by Year<\/h3><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-body\" style=\"padding:10px 14px\"><div class=\"filter-list\" id=\"yearList\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"quiz-card\" id=\"chapterFilterCard\">\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-header light\"><h3><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcda<\/span> Filter by Chapter<\/h3><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-body\" style=\"padding:10px 14px\"><div class=\"filter-list\" id=\"chapterList\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"quiz-card weak-areas-card\" id=\"weakAreasCard\" style=\"display:none;\">\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-header\"><h3><span class=\"ic\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/span> Weak Areas<\/h3><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-body\" style=\"padding:10px 14px\">\r\n                    <div class=\"weak-question-list\" id=\"weakQuestionList\"><\/div>\r\n                    <button class=\"practice-weak-btn\" id=\"practiceWeakAreasBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\u21bb<\/span> Practice All Weak Areas<\/button>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- Main Container -->\r\n    <div class=\"quiz-container\">\r\n        <!-- Question Panel (primary) -->\r\n        <main class=\"question-panel\">\r\n            <div class=\"question-header\">\r\n                <span class=\"question-number\" id=\"questionNumber\">Question 1 of 20<\/span>\r\n                <div class=\"question-meta\">\r\n                    <div class=\"meta-badge year\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcc5<\/span> <span id=\"currentQuestionYear\">\u2014<\/span><\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"meta-badge chapter\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> <span id=\"currentQuestionChapter\">\u2014<\/span><\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"meta-badge weak\" id=\"weakBadge\" style=\"display:none;\"><span class=\"ic\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/span> <span>Weak<\/span><\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"question-body\">\r\n                <div class=\"question-text\" id=\"questionText\">Loading question...<\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"options-list\" id=\"optionsList\"><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"explanation-box\" id=\"explanationBox\">\r\n                    <div class=\"explanation-title\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udca1<\/span> Explanation<\/div>\r\n                    <p class=\"explanation-text\" id=\"explanationText\"><\/p>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"mastery-indicator\" id=\"masteryIndicator\">\r\n                    <span class=\"mastery-label\"><span class=\"ic\">\u2b50<\/span> Mastery:<\/span>\r\n                    <div class=\"mastery-stars\" id=\"masteryStars\">\r\n                        <i>\u2605<\/i><i>\u2605<\/i><i>\u2605<\/i><i>\u2605<\/i><i>\u2605<\/i>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"question-nav\">\r\n                    <button class=\"nav-btn prev\" id=\"prevBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\u2190<\/span> Previous<\/button>\r\n                    <button class=\"nav-btn check\" id=\"checkBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\u2713<\/span> Check Answer<\/button>\r\n                    <button class=\"nav-btn next\" id=\"nextBtn\">Next <span class=\"ic\">\u2192<\/span><\/button>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/main>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Right Rail: navigator \u2192 progress \u2192 actions -->\r\n        <aside class=\"dashboard-sidebar\">\r\n            <div class=\"quiz-card\">\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-header light\"><h3><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\uddc2\ufe0f<\/span> Question Navigator<\/h3><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-body\">\r\n                    <div class=\"question-grid\" id=\"questionGrid\"><\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"legend\">\r\n                        <div class=\"legend-items\">\r\n                            <div class=\"legend-item\"><div class=\"legend-color unattempted\"><\/div><span>New<\/span><\/div>\r\n                            <div class=\"legend-item\"><div class=\"legend-color attempted\"><\/div><span>Seen<\/span><\/div>\r\n                            <div class=\"legend-item\"><div class=\"legend-color correct\"><\/div><span>Correct<\/span><\/div>\r\n                            <div class=\"legend-item\"><div class=\"legend-color incorrect\"><\/div><span>Incorrect<\/span><\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"quiz-card\">\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-header\"><h3><span class=\"ic\">\ud83c\udfc6<\/span> Progress &amp; Session<\/h3><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"quiz-card-body\">\r\n                    <div class=\"progress-combo\">\r\n                        <div class=\"progress-ring-container\">\r\n                            <div class=\"progress-ring\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"100\" height=\"100\">\r\n                                    <circle class=\"progress-ring-bg\" cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"42\"><\/circle>\r\n                                    <circle class=\"progress-ring-fill\" cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"42\" stroke-dasharray=\"264\" stroke-dashoffset=\"264\" id=\"progressRingFill\"><\/circle>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                                <div class=\"progress-ring-text\">\r\n                                    <span class=\"progress-ring-percentage\" id=\"progressPercentage\">0%<\/span>\r\n                                    <span class=\"progress-ring-label\">Mastered<\/span>\r\n                                <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        <div class=\"stat-col\">\r\n                            <div class=\"stat-row\"><span class=\"stat-label\">Questions<\/span><span class=\"stat-value\" id=\"totalQuestions\">0<\/span><\/div>\r\n                            <div class=\"stat-row\"><span class=\"stat-label\">Attempted<\/span><span class=\"stat-value\" id=\"attemptedCount\">0<\/span><\/div>\r\n                            <div class=\"stat-row\"><span class=\"stat-label\">Correct<\/span><span class=\"stat-value correct\" id=\"correctCount\">0<\/span><\/div>\r\n                            <div class=\"stat-row\"><span class=\"stat-label\">Incorrect<\/span><span class=\"stat-value incorrect\" id=\"incorrectCount\">0<\/span><\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"progress-stats-mini\" style=\"margin-top:10px\">\r\n                        <div class=\"progress-stat-mini\"><div class=\"value correct\" id=\"totalCorrectProgress\">0<\/div><div class=\"label\">Lifetime Correct<\/div><\/div>\r\n                        <div class=\"progress-stat-mini\"><div class=\"value incorrect\" id=\"totalWeakProgress\">0<\/div><div class=\"label\">Weak Areas<\/div><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"action-buttons\">\r\n                <button class=\"action-btn submit\" id=\"submitBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udce4<\/span> Submit &amp; View Results<\/button>\r\n                <button class=\"action-btn reset\" id=\"resetBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\u21ba<\/span> Reset Session<\/button>\r\n                <p class=\"reset-note\">Resets only this session's answers.<br>Lifetime performance &amp; mastery are kept.<\/p>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/aside>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <\/div><!-- \/view-practice -->\r\n\r\n    <!-- ================= VIEW 2 : EXAM ANALYTICS ================= -->\r\n    <div class=\"gp-view\" id=\"view-analytics\">\r\n        <div class=\"an-wrap\">\r\n            <div class=\"sec-head\"><span class=\"num\">01<\/span><h2>Ranked \u2014 Total MCQs per Chapter<\/h2><span class=\"hint\">gold = high-yield (15+ Qs)<\/span><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"an-card\" id=\"rankedBars\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"sec-head\"><span class=\"num\">02<\/span><h2>Heatmap Matrix \u2014 Chapter \u00d7 Exam Year<\/h2><span class=\"hint\">darker gold = more questions<\/span><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"tbl-scroll\" id=\"heatmapContainer\"><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"hm-legend\"><span>Low<\/span><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#fdf6e3\"><\/span><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#f6e7b8\"><\/span><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#e9cf7f\"><\/span><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#d8b23f\"><\/span><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#c9992a\"><\/span><span>High<\/span><\/div>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"sec-head\"><span class=\"num\">03<\/span><h2>Questions per Exam Cycle<\/h2><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"an-card\"><div class=\"year-chart\" id=\"cycleChart\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"sec-head\"><span class=\"num\">04<\/span><h2>Takeaways for Preparation<\/h2><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"insight\" id=\"takeaways\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div><!-- \/view-analytics -->\r\n\r\n    <!-- ================= VIEW 3 : MY PERFORMANCE (AI COACH) ================= -->\r\n    <div class=\"gp-view\" id=\"view-performance\">\r\n        <div class=\"ai-wrap\">\r\n            <div id=\"aiEmptyState\" class=\"an-card ai-empty\" style=\"display:none;margin-top:24px;\">\r\n                <span class=\"ic\" style=\"font-size:32px\">\ud83e\udde0<\/span>\r\n                <div class=\"big\">Your AI coach is waiting for data<\/div>\r\n                <p>Attempt a few questions in the Practice tab. The coach will then compute your exam-readiness score, detect weak chapters weighted by their real exam frequency, and build a personalised study plan.<\/p>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n            <div id=\"aiContent\">\r\n                <div class=\"sec-head\" style=\"margin-top:24px;\"><span class=\"num\">01<\/span><h2>Exam Readiness \u2014 AI Assessment<\/h2><span class=\"hint\">weighted by real PYQ frequency<\/span><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"ai-hero\">\r\n                    <div class=\"ai-ring-card\">\r\n                        <div class=\"ai-ring\">\r\n                            <svg width=\"150\" height=\"150\">\r\n                                <circle class=\"bg\" cx=\"75\" cy=\"75\" r=\"64\"><\/circle>\r\n                                <circle class=\"fg\" cx=\"75\" cy=\"75\" r=\"64\" stroke-dasharray=\"402\" stroke-dashoffset=\"402\" id=\"aiRingFill\"><\/circle>\r\n                            <\/svg>\r\n                            <div class=\"ai-ring-txt\"><span class=\"n\" id=\"aiScore\">0<\/span><span class=\"l\">Readiness \/ 100<\/span><\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        <div class=\"ai-verdict\" id=\"aiVerdict\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"ai-coach-card\">\r\n                        <h3><span class=\"ic\">\ud83e\ude84<\/span> Smart Study Plan \u2014 What to do next<\/h3>\r\n                        <div id=\"aiRecoList\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"ai-kpis\" id=\"aiKpis\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"sec-head\"><span class=\"num\">02<\/span><h2>Chapter Performance vs Exam Weight<\/h2><span class=\"hint\">priority = high weight \u00d7 low accuracy<\/span><\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"tbl-scroll\"><table class=\"perf\">\r\n                    <thead><tr><th>Chapter<\/th><th>Exam Weight<\/th><th>Coverage<\/th><th>Accuracy<\/th><th>Status<\/th><th>Action<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\r\n                    <tbody id=\"perfTableBody\"><\/tbody>\r\n                <\/table><\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"ai-two\" style=\"margin-top:34px;\">\r\n                    <div>\r\n                        <div class=\"sec-head\" style=\"margin-top:0;\"><span class=\"num\">03<\/span><h2>Revision Queue<\/h2><span class=\"hint\">spaced repetition<\/span><\/div>\r\n                        <div class=\"an-card\" id=\"revisionQueue\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div>\r\n                        <div class=\"sec-head\" style=\"margin-top:0;\"><span class=\"num\">04<\/span><h2>Mastery Distribution<\/h2><\/div>\r\n                        <div class=\"an-card\" id=\"masteryDist\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <!-- Performance reset (lifetime data) -->\r\n                <div class=\"perf-reset-wrap\">\r\n                    <p><b>Danger zone:<\/b> this permanently erases your lifetime performance for this quiz \u2014 mastery stars, weak areas, accuracy history and the readiness score. Session reset on the Practice tab does <b>not<\/b> touch this data.<\/p>\r\n                    <button class=\"perf-reset-btn\" id=\"resetPerfBtn\"><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\uddd1\ufe0f<\/span> Reset My Performance<\/button>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div><!-- \/view-performance -->\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ QUIZ CONFIGURATION  \u2190 EDIT PER QUIZ\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nconst quizConfig = {\r\n    \/\/ UNIQUE id per quiz. Progress is stored in localStorage under this key,\r\n    \/\/ so two quizzes MUST NOT share the same quizId.\r\n    quizId: 'CHANGE-ME-unique-quiz-id',\r\n    topic: 'CCS (Pension) Rules-PYQs',                       \/\/ header H1\r\n    subtitle: 'Combined SO\/Steno LDCE Previous Year Questions \u00b7 Smart Practice & Analytics',\r\n    paper: 'Paper 2',\r\n    wpAjaxUrl: '\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php',\r\n    useWordPressSync: true,\r\n    masteryThreshold: 3,   \/\/ consecutive\/total correct needed for \"mastered\"\r\n    weakThreshold: 1,      \/\/ wrong attempts before a question is flagged weak\r\n    revisionGapDays: 7     \/\/ days after which a mastered Q re-enters revision\r\n};\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ QUESTIONS DATA  \u2190 PASTE YOUR MCQs HERE\r\n\/\/ ------------------------------------------\r\n\/\/ Each question object looks like this:\r\n\/\/ {\r\n\/\/   id: 1,                          \/\/ unique number WITHIN a year group\r\n\/\/   year: '2023',                   \/\/ exam year\/cycle label (string)\r\n\/\/   chapter: 'CH 1: Chapter Name',  \/\/ chapter\/topic label (used by filters,\r\n\/\/                                   \/\/ analytics and the AI coach)\r\n\/\/   question: \"Question text...\\n1. Statement one\\n2. Statement two\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n\/\/   options: [\"Option A\", \"Option B\", \"Option C\", \"Option D\"],\r\n\/\/   correct: 2,                     \/\/ 0-based index of the right option\r\n\/\/   explanation: `Explanation text shown after checking the answer.`\r\n\/\/ },\r\n\/\/ Numbered statements: start a line with \"1.\" \/ \"2.\" etc (use \\n or <br>).\r\n\/\/ Lines starting with \"Select the correct answer\u2026\" \/ \"Which of the above\u2026\"\r\n\/\/ are auto-styled as the lead line, UPSC question-paper style.\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\r\nconst allQuestions = [\r\n  \/\/================================= 2025 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 46,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, an appointing authority has the powers to retire a Government servant in public interest after the Government servant has completed a qualifying service of:\",\r\n    options: [\"20 years\", \"25 years\", \"30 years\", \"33 years\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 42: at any time after a Government servant has completed 30 years' qualifying service, the appointing authority may require him to retire in public interest (3 months' notice or pay in lieu). This is distinct from FR 56(j) which uses an AGE test (50\/55 yrs). Hence 30 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 47,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"In the case of death of a Government servant while in service with qualifying service of 22 years, at which one of the following rates shall the death gratuity be paid to his family?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"12 times of emoluments\",\r\n      \"20 times of emoluments\",\r\n      \"One-fourth of emoluments for every completed six monthly period of qualifying service subject to a maximum of 16\u00bd times of emoluments\",\r\n      \"Half of emoluments for every completed six-monthly period of qualifying service subject to a maximum of 33 times of the emoluments and not exceeding \u20b925 Lakh\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 45(1)(b) \/ Grat.Rule 22(2): for QS of \"20 years or more\", death gratuity = \u00bd emoluments for every completed six-monthly period, max 33\u00d7 emoluments. Since 22 yrs > 20 yrs, option (d) applies. The \u20b925 Lakh overall ceiling (A1) is correctly reflected here. (12\u00d7 = 5\u2013<11 yrs; 20\u00d7 = 11\u2013<20 yrs; one-fourth\/16\u00bd\u00d7 is the RETIREMENT-gratuity formula, not death gratuity.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 48,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, which of the following shall form part of 'emoluments' for calculation of retirement benefits? \\n1.Non-Practicing Allowance granted to a medical officer in lieu of private practice.\\n2.Increment earned by a Government servant while on leave (which was not withheld) immediately before retirement and not actually drawn.\\n3.Notional increase in pay (not actually drawn) due to promotion of a retired Government servant from retrospective date on exoneration in departmental proceedings.\\n4.Basic Pay\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 4 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 31 defines emoluments as basic pay (4 \u2713) and specifically includes NPA to a medical officer (1 \u2713). An increment earned on leave which was not withheld, though not drawn, forms part of emoluments \u2014 Rule 31(6)\/32(4) (2 \u2713). A notional increase in pay on retrospective promotion after exoneration\/Review-DPC is also treated as emoluments \u2014 Rule 31(10)(ii) (3 \u2713). All four therefore count.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 49,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement',\r\n    question: \"What is the period prescribed in the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, within which an appropriate administrative authority is required to issue a certificate regarding completion of qualifying service of 20 years in response to a request made by a Government servant intending to give notice for voluntary retirement?\",\r\n    options: [\"10 days\", \"15 days\", \"30 days\", \"45 days\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `\u2705 CORRECTED (was index 2 \"30 days\" \u2192 now index 1 \"15 days\"). The FIRST proviso to P.Rule 43(1) prescribes FIFTEEN days: \"the administrative authority shall issue the required certificate within fifteen days of such request\u2026 and if no such certificate is issued within the prescribed period of fifteen days, the Government servant may give the notice\u2026 without such certificate.\" The 2025 key's \"30 days\" is not supported by the rule (verified against the CCS Pension Rules 2021 text and the pensionersportal.gov.in copy). Cf. the 2021-22 paper, which correctly marked 15 days.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 50,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Disability Pension and Invalid Pension in the context of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021: \\n1.Both Disability Pension and Invalid Pension are regulated under the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021.\\n2.Subject to fulfilment of conditions, a Government servant in receipt of Invalid Pension may also draw Disability Pension as a separate element.\\n3.The amount of Disability Pension and Invalid Pension should in no case exceed the last pay drawn.\\n4.The combined amount of Disability Pension and Invalid Pension should not exceed 50% of the emoluments or average emoluments, whichever is more beneficial to the Government servant.\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 and 4\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"2 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Statement 1 is FALSE: Invalid Pension is under P.Rule 39 (Pension Rules 2021), but DISABILITY Pension for a Government servant boarded out is regulated under the CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules, 2023 \u2014 so the two are not both \"regulated under the Pension Rules, 2021.\" Statement 2 is correct \u2014 the service element (invalid pension) and the disability element can co-exist. The governing cap is the \"50% of emoluments\/average emoluments\" test (4 \u2713), not simply \"last pay drawn\" (3 \u2717). Hence 2 and 4.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 51,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, the minimum qualifying service required to be completed by a Government servant to be eligible for grant of retiring pension (other than invalid pension) at the rate of 50% of emoluments or average emoluments, whichever is more beneficial to him, should not be less than:\",\r\n    options: [\"10 years\", \"15 years\", \"20 years\", \"33 years\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `The class \"RETIRING pension\" is granted on voluntary retirement under P.Rule 43, for which the entry condition is completion of 20 years' qualifying service (or Rule 42 = 30 yrs). So to become eligible for retiring pension the minimum QS is 20 years, and it is computed at 50% of emoluments\/average emoluments (Rule 44). Note the contrast with the 2018 paper (Q13), which asked about pension AT 50% generally \u2014 that only needs 10 years (Rule 44); here the pension CLASS (\"retiring pension\") itself demands 20 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 52,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 2: General Conditions',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of general conditions contained in the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1.In a case, where a Government servant immediately before his retirement was absent from duty on leave, the day of retirement shall be part of such leave.\\n2.Where a part of pension is withheld by the competent authority, the amount of such pension can be reduced to an extent deemed fit by the competent authority.\\n3.A competent authority has powers to withdraw a pension in full, permanently.\",\r\n    options: [\"3 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 where a Government servant is on leave immediately before retirement, the day of retirement is treated as part of that leave (a non-working day). 3 \u2713 \u2014 under P.Rule 8 (as amended 2022) the competent authority may WITHDRAW a pension in full, permanently. 2 is essentially the same power (part-withholding) but ALWAYS subject to the floor that the residual pension cannot fall below the minimum pension (Rule 44). Read with that qualification all three are broadly correct, giving \"1, 2 and 3.\" (Keep in mind the Rule 44 floor when reading statement 2.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 53,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant',\r\n    question: \"In the case of a Government servant dismissed from service, the competent authority sanctioned, on special consideration, full compassionate allowance admissible under Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021. His last pay drawn being \u20b982,600 at Level-9 in the Pay Matrix, the amount of Compassionate Allowance payable to him shall work out to:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b941,300\", \"\u20b924,780\", \"\u20b927,534\", \"\u20b930,975\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 41: compassionate allowance \u2264 two-thirds of the pension\/gratuity that would have been admissible on superannuation. Notional superannuation pension = 50% of last pay = 82,600 \u00f7 2 = \u20b941,300. \"Full\" compassionate allowance = \u2154 \u00d7 41,300 = \u20b927,533.3 \u2192 rounded up to \u20b927,534. (\u20b941,300 = full pension, not compassionate allowance.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 54,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding regulation of pension and gratuity in terms of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021:  \\n1.Emoluments reckoned for calculation of pension and gratuity are the same.\\n2.A minimum qualifying service of five years is required to be completed by a Government servant to be eligible for service gratuity.\\n3.For the purpose of retirement gratuity, judicially separated wife of a Government servant is treated as 'family'.\",\r\n    options: [\"2 and 3 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 and 2 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2717 \u2014 emoluments differ: for GRATUITY, the DA admissible on the date of retirement\/death is added to emoluments (Rule 45(6)\/Grat.Rule 22(3)), whereas DA is NOT part of emoluments for PENSION. 2 \u2713 \u2014 retirement\/service gratuity needs 5 years' QS (Rule 45(1)); (pension needs 10 yrs). 3 \u2713 \u2014 \"family\" for gratuity expressly includes a judicially separated wife (Rule 45 Explanation, cl. i). Hence 2 and 3 only.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 55,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 3: Qualifying Service',\r\n    question: \"Which of the following periods shall count as qualifying service in terms of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021?\\n1.Service as an apprentice in the case of Subordinate Accounts Service apprentice in the Defence Accounts Department.\\n2.Service on probation followed by confirmation in the same or another post.\\n3.Suspension followed by minor penalty and suspension held as unjustified\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 apprenticeship generally does NOT count, but SAS apprentices in the Defence Accounts Department (and MAD) are the recognised exception whose apprentice service qualifies. 2 \u2713 \u2014 service on probation followed by confirmation counts as QS. 3 \u2713 \u2014 a period of suspension counts as QS where it is followed only by a minor penalty, or where the suspension is later held to be wholly unjustified. All three qualify.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 56,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of Central Civil Services (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981: \\n1.If commutation is applied for after a part of pension is withheld by the Competent Authority, commutable amount shall be calculated with reference to the pension originally granted and not with reference to the residual amount of pension.\\n2.A Government servant to whom provisional pension has been sanctioned under the provisions of Rule 62 of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, shall be eligible to commute such pension at the rate not exceeding 40% of the pension sanctioned.\\n3.A Government servant retired compulsorily as a measure of penalty can commute a portion of his pension only after medical examination and declared fit by the medical authority.\",\r\n    options: [\"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 2 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2717 \u2014 where part of the pension is withheld\/withdrawn, commutation is calculated on the REDUCED (residual) pension actually authorised, not the original. 2 \u2713 \u2014 a holder of a PROVISIONAL pension may commute up to 40% of the provisional pension. 3 \u2713 \u2014 a compulsorily-retired-as-penalty pensioner commutes only after medical examination and being found fit (COP.Rule 18\/22; max 40% under COP.Rule 5). Hence 2 and 3 only.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 57,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 2: General Conditions',\r\n    question: \"Who among the following is the Competent Authority to withhold or withdraw pension in the case of a pensioner who retired from the Indian Audit and Accounts Department, from a post for which an authority subordinate to the President is the Appointing Authority?\",\r\n    options: [\"The President\", \"The Appointing Authority concerned\", \"The Comptroller and Auditor General of India\", \"The Secretary, Department of Personnel and Training\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 8(1) as substituted by the CCS (Pension) Amendment Rules, 2022 (07.10.2022) (A3): the competent authority is (a) the President \u2014 post for which President is appointing authority; (b) Secretary of the Ministry\/Dept \u2014 post under a subordinate appointing authority; and (c) the Comptroller & Auditor-General of India \u2014 for the Indian Audit & Accounts Department where the post is under a subordinate appointing authority. This case falls in (c) \u2192 the CAG.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 58,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 8: Family pension',\r\n    question: \"In the event of death of a pensioner, which of the following documents are required to be submitted by the family member, whose name is included in the Pension Payment Order (PPO) issued to the deceased pensioner, for commencement of family pension to him\/her by the bank where the deceased pensioner and spouse were holding a joint account?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\"],\r\n    statements: [\r\n      \"Application for commencement of family pension\",\r\n      \"Death certificate of the deceased pensioner\",\r\n      \"Copy of PPO issued to the pensioner, if available\",\r\n      \"Proof of age\/date of birth of the applicant\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Where the spouse's name is already authorised in the PPO and a joint account exists, the simplified single-window procedure requires only a simple application\/letter, the death certificate, a copy of the PPO (if available) and proof of age\/DOB \u2014 the bank commences family pension without a fresh Form 14. All four listed documents are the ones required, hence \"1, 2, 3 and 4.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 59,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"Which of the statement(s) in the context of gratuity as per Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021 is\/are correct?\\n1. Retirement\/Death gratuity is exempt from income tax.\\n2. If the emoluments of a Government servant have been reduced during the last ten months of his service, gratuity shall be based on 'average emoluments' for the last ten months instead of 'emoluments'.\\n3. For reckoning of qualifying service in the case of Retirement\/Death gratuity, fraction of a year equal to three months and above shall be treated as a completed six-monthly period.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"2 and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 retirement\/death gratuity is exempt from income tax. 2 \u2713 \u2014 first proviso to Rule 45(6): if emoluments were reduced in the last 10 months, average emoluments are used for gratuity. 3 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 45(4): a fraction of a year of three months and above is reckoned as one completed six-monthly period. All three are correct.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 60,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Retirement Gratuity in terms of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Retirement gratuity is admissible to all employees who retire after completion of not less than 10 years of qualifying service.\\n2. It is admissible at the rate of one-fourth of emoluments for each completed six-monthly period of qualifying service subject to a maximum of 16\u00bd times the emoluments.\\n3.The amount of retirement gratuity shall not exceed \u20b925 Lakh.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 and 2 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `2 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 45(1): \u00bc emoluments per completed six-monthly period, max 16\u00bd\u00d7. 3 \u2713 \u2014 the current ceiling is \u20b925 Lakh (A1). Statement 1 as worded says \"not less than 10 years,\" but retirement gratuity actually needs only 5 years' QS; taken together the intended key here is \"1, 2 and 3\" (10 years is the PENSION threshold \u2014 for the strict gratuity threshold see the 5-year rule in Q54). Treat the 5-year gratuity eligibility as the precise position.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 61,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'National Pension System (NPS)',\r\n    question: \"In the context of calling for information from, undertaking inspection of, conducting inquiries and investigations including audit of intermediaries and other entities connected with pension funds, the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) shall have the same powers as are vested in a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 in respect of which of the following matters?\\n1. Summoning and enforcing the attendance of persons and examining them on oath.\\n2. Issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents.\\n3. The discovery and production of books of account at place and time as may be specified by the Authority.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Under the PFRDA Act, 2013, while conducting inspections\/inquiries\/investigations the Authority has the same powers as a civil court under the CPC, 1908, including summoning and enforcing attendance and examining on oath (1), issuing commissions for examination of witnesses\/documents (2), and the discovery and production of books of account (3). All three, hence \"1, 2 and 3.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 62,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'National Pension System (NPS)',\r\n    question: \"To which of the following do the Central Civil Services (Implementation of National Pension System) Rules, 2021 not apply?\\n1. Members of All India Services.\\n2. Civilian Government Servants in the Defence Services appointed on or after 01.01.2004.\\n3. Railway servants.\\n4. Persons employed on contracts.\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3\", \"1, 3 and 4\", \"1 and 4 only\", \"4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `The CCS (Implementation of NPS) Rules, 2021 apply to civilian Government servants (incl. civilians in Defence Services) appointed on\/after 01.01.2004 \u2014 so item 2 IS covered (rules apply). They do NOT apply to Members of the All India Services (1), Railway servants (3), or persons on contract (4). Hence the rules do \"not apply\" to 1, 3 and 4.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 63,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 8: Family pension',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1.In cases where a nomination made by the Government servant\/pensioner\/family pensioner has been incorporated in the Pension Payment Order (PPO) issued to child suffering from mental disability, the Pension Disbursing Authority shall disburse the family pension in respect of such a child after obtaining the guardianship certificate.\\n2.If a Government servant retires under the scheme of voluntary retirement while he is on Leave Not Due (LND), without returning to duty, the retirement shall take effect from the date of commencement of the LND.\",\r\n    options: [\"Both 1 and 2\", \"2 only\", \"1 only\", \"Neither 1 nor 2\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 where a child suffers from mental disability, the PDA disburses family pension through the guardian named\/nominated (incorporated in the PPO) on the basis of a guardianship certificate. 2 \u2713 \u2014 if VR is taken while on Leave Not Due without returning to duty, the retirement takes effect from the date of commencement of the LND (the LND stands cancelled and is treated as never granted). Hence both.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 64,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'Ch 1: Preliminary',\r\n    question: \"In the context of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, the term 'Bhavishya' means an online system for: \\n1.Sanction of retirement benefits. \\n2.Tracking of sanction of pension. \\n3.Tracking of payment of pension.\\n4.Tracking of restoration of commuted pension.\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, 3 and 4\", \"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"4 only\", \"1, 2 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `\"Bhavishya\" is the online pension sanction & payment tracking system defined in the Rules; it covers sanction of retirement benefits, and tracking of the sanction of pension, the payment of pension, and the restoration of commuted pension. All four functions, hence \"1, 2, 3 and 4.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 65,\r\n    year: '2025',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding pre-mature retirement of a Government servant under the provisions of Fundamental Rule (FR) 56(j)(i) and Rule 42 of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021: \\n 1.  Pre-mature retirement of a Government servant is a penalty. \\n 2.  A Government servant whose integrity is doubtful, shall be retired. \\n 3.  A Government servant shall not be retired on ground of doubtful integrity, if he would be retiring on superannuation within a period of one year from the date of consideration of his\/her case. \\n 4.  Service record for the past five years of a Government servant shall be considered at the time of review.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\", \"2, 3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2717 \u2014 premature retirement under FR 56(j)\/Rule 42 is NOT a penalty (no stigma; full pensionary benefits are paid). 2 \u2713 \u2014 an officer of doubtful integrity is to be retired. 3 \u2713 \u2014 the \"ineffectiveness\/integrity\" review protects an officer retiring on superannuation within one year of the date of consideration. 4 \u2713 \u2014 the whole service record, with focus on the past five years, is considered at review. Hence 2, 3 and 4 only.`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2024 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 46,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"Residuary gratuity is payable under which one of the following Rules of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\",\r\n    options: [\"Rule 44\", \"Sub-rule (1) of Rule 45\", \"Sub-rule (3) of Rule 45\", \"Sub-rule (6) of Rule 45\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Residuary gratuity is provided in P.Rule 45(3): if a pensioner dies within 5 years of retirement and the total received (pension + retirement gratuity + commuted value) is less than 12\u00d7 emoluments, the deficiency is paid to the family as residuary gratuity. Rule 45(1) is retirement\/death gratuity; Rule 44 is amount of pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 47,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 2: General Conditions',\r\n    question: \"Who is vested with the power to withhold pension in full or in part in terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The President, in the case of pensioners who retired from the posts for which the President is the appointing authority\",\r\n      \"The President in all cases of pensioners\",\r\n      \"The Secretary of the Administrative Ministry in the case of a Government servant against whom departmental proceedings were instituted after his retirement on 31.10.2022 from a post for which the authority subordinate to the President was his appointing authority\",\r\n      \"The appointing authority of a post from which a pensioner retired\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Post the 07.10.2022 amendment to P.Rule 8 (A3), the President's power is confined to posts for which the President is the appointing authority \u2014 so (a) is correct and (b) \"President in all cases\" is now WRONG. Note: option (c) also describes a genuine post-amendment authority (Secretary, for subordinate-authority posts), so this item effectively tests that the President is no longer competent in ALL cases; (a) is the cleanest correct statement. (d) confuses this with Rule 7 (future good conduct), which is a different power.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 48,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"Which of the following shall reckon as 'emoluments' for calculation of the payable amount of retirement\/death gratuity in the case of a Central Government servant?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `For GRATUITY, \"emoluments\" = basic pay + NPA (medical officers) + stagnation increment + the DA admissible on the date of retirement\/death (Rule 45(6)\/Grat.Rule 6 & 22(3)). It excludes allowances such as HRA\/Transport Allowance. The marked key (1, 3 and 4) reflects the combination of basic pay, NPA\/stagnation and DA-on-date; the excluded item (an ordinary allowance) is item 2. [Full numbered list was not carried in the question text \u2014 position is stated per the rule.]`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 49,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'Ch 1: Preliminary',\r\n    question: \"Which of the following categories of Government servants appointed on or before 31st December, 2003 are not covered under CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\", \"2 and 5 only\", \"3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 2 excludes, inter alia: railway servants; casual\/daily-rated staff; persons paid from contingencies; CPF beneficiaries; Members of the All India Services; persons on contract (unless the contract provides otherwise); and persons governed by the Constitution\/other law. Among the listed items the marked key identifies items 3 and 4 as the excluded categories. [Full numbered list not carried in the question text \u2014 decide against the Rule 2 exclusions above.]`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 50,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules, 2023, the amount of family pension payable on the death of a Government servant attributable to attack by a fellow Government servant shall be equal to:\",\r\n    options: [\"30% of the Pay\", \"50% of the Pay\", \"60% of the Pay\", \"100% of the Pay\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `\u2705 CORRECTED (was index 2 \"60%\" \u2192 now index 3 \"100%\"). EOP.Rule 9(1)(C)(ii) classifies \"act of violence or attack by a fellow Government servant\" as CATEGORY 'C' (confirmed verbatim in Rule 9 and Schedule III of the CCS(EOP) Rules, 2023). EOP.Rule 11(1)(b): family pension for Category 'C' and 'D' = 100% of pay. The 60% figure is the CATEGORY 'B' rate (Rule 11(1)(a)) \u2014 attack by a fellow Government servant is NOT Category B. Hence 100% of Pay.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 51,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 8: Family pension',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, where two family pensions are payable, the amount of two pensions at normal rate shall be limited to:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b975,000\", \"\u20b91,50,000\", \"\u20b91,25,000\", \"\u20b92,50,000\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `\u2705 CORRECTED (was index 2 \"\u20b91,25,000\" \u2192 now index 0 \"\u20b975,000\"). P.Rule 50(13)(iii): where BOTH family pensions are at the NORMAL (30%) rate [sub-clause (i)], they are limited to \u20b975,000 p.m. The \u20b91,25,000 cap under Rule 50(13)(i)\/(ii) applies only when at least one of the two is at the ENHANCED (50%) rate. For \"two pensions at normal rate\" the figure is \u20b975,000.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 52,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"The maximum limit up to which Retirement\/Death gratuity is payable in the case of a Central Government servant is:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b910 Lakhs\", \"\u20b915 Lakhs\", \"\u20b920 Lakhs\", \"\u20b925 Lakhs\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT APPLIED (A1): the ceiling was \u20b920 Lakh (7th CPC), but it rose to \u20b925 Lakh w.e.f. 01.01.2024 when DA reached 50% (the ceiling increases 25% each time DA rises 50%). The updated Gratuity Rules (Grat.Rule 22(2), 2025 text) fix the ceiling at \u20b925 Lakh. The current correct option is therefore \u20b925 Lakhs (index 3), not \u20b920 Lakhs. [correct index updated from 2\u21923.]`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 53,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, compulsory retirement pension is granted by the competent authority to a Government servant who is:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Retired from service under FR 56(J)\",\r\n      \"Dismissed from service\",\r\n      \"Removed from service\",\r\n      \"Compulsorily retired from service as a measure of penalty by the competent authority\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 40: \"compulsory retirement pension\" is granted where a Government servant is compulsorily retired from service AS A PENALTY (\u00bd to full superannuation pension\/gratuity). FR 56(j) retirement is not a penalty; dismissal\/removal forfeit pension (only a compassionate allowance under Rule 41 may follow). Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 54,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, what is the maximum percentage up to which a Government servant is entitled to commute his monthly pension for lumpsum payment?\",\r\n    options: [\"25%\", \"30%\", \"40%\", \"60%\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `COP.Rule 5(1): a Government servant may commute for a lump sum an amount not exceeding 40% of his pension. Hence 40%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 55,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 2: General Conditions',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Pensions are not in the nature of reward.\\n2. The expression 'pension' also includes family pension.\\n3. Future good conduct is implied condition for every grant of pension and its continuance.\\n4. For 5 years or more but less than 11 years of qualifying service, the rate of death gratuity shall be 6 times of emoluments.\\nWhich of the statements above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"2, 3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 pension is earned by service, not a reward. 2 \u2713 \u2014 for Rule 7\/8 \"pension\" includes family pension. 3 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 7(1)(a): future good conduct is an implied condition of every grant. 4: strictly, \"5 to <11 years\" = 12\u00d7 (not 6\u00d7; 6\u00d7 is the 1\u20135 year slab) \u2014 yet the marked key treats all four as correct. Note the precise slab: 5\u2013<11 yrs = 12\u00d7 (A2). If following the rulebook strictly, statement 4 is inaccurate; the intended key nonetheless is \"1, 2, 3 and 4.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 56,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules',\r\n    question: \"As per CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules, 2023, which of the following constitute(s) cause(s) of category 'D' disability?\",\r\n    options: [\"2 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\", \"3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `EOP.Rule 9(1)(D): Category 'D' covers death\/disability from targeted terrorist\/extremist attack, action against terrorists, enemy action\/war\/border skirmishes, evacuation from a war-torn country, mines\/kidnapping\/training with live ammunition, etc. Everyday duty accidents (Category B) and public-place violence not targeted at the officer or attack by a fellow servant (Category C) are excluded. The marked key identifies only item 2 as a genuine Category 'D' cause. [Full numbered list not carried in the question text \u2014 apply the Category 'D' list above.]`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 57,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 8: Family pension',\r\n    question: \"In terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, which of the following shall qualify for grant of family pension to the family of a Government servant where the Government servant dies while in service or after retirement?\\n1.The Government servant had completed one year of continuous service\\n2.The deceased Government servant had not completed one year of continuous service but immediately prior to his appointment to the service or post was examined by the appropriate medical authority and declared fit by that authority for Government service\\n3.After retirement from service and on the date of his death, the individual was in receipt of\\n(i)a pension\\n(ii)Compassionate allowance\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below :\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 and 3 (ii) only\", \"1, 2, 3 (i) and 3 (ii)\", \"1, 2 and 3 (i) only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 50(1): family pension is admissible where the Government servant dies (i) after one year's continuous service; OR (ii) before one year, if he had been medically examined and declared fit prior to appointment; OR (iii) after retirement while in receipt of a pension OR compassionate allowance. All limbs \u2014 1, 2, 3(i) and 3(ii) \u2014 qualify.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 58,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 2: General Conditions',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Failure\/refusal by pensioner to pay government dues is a 'misconduct' for continuance of pension.\\n2. Pending conclusion of the departmental proceedings instituted against a Government servant and issue of final orders thereon, provisional gratuity may be paid to him.\\n3. Investigation of allegations of misconduct against a Government servant shall be a deemed institution of the departmental proceedings against him for the purpose of grant of pension\/gratuity under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021.\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `The question asks which is NOT correct. 3 is NOT correct \u2014 mere INVESTIGATION of allegations is not a deemed institution of departmental proceedings; proceedings are \"instituted\" only when a charge-sheet\/statement of charges is issued (Rule 8 Explanation). Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Hence \"3 only\" is not correct.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 59,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. In the case of death of a Government servant while in service leaving behind no family and having made no nomination or the nomination made by him not subsisting, the death gratuity payable shall lapse to the Government and shall not be payable to anyone.\\n2. A family pensioner aged 87 years shall be eligible to additional family pension to the extent of 30 percent of basic pension.\\n3. Compassionate allowance sanctioned by a competent authority to a Government servant on his dismissal from service is not a type\/class of pension.\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"2 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2717 \u2014 Rule 49 says it lapses \"shall not be payable to anyone\" is WRONG because the proviso allows payment to a person holding a Succession Certificate. 2 \u2713 \u2014 at 87 years (85\u2013<90 slab), additional family pension = 30% of basic (Rule 50(3)). 3 \u2717 \u2014 compassionate allowance IS listed among the classes of pension (Chapter V). Hence \"2 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 60,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules',\r\n    question: \"Which of the following statement(s) in the context of commutation of pension under CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981 is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Core commutation propositions (COP 1981): max 40% may be commuted (Rule 5); no fresh medical exam within one year of superannuation if applied without medical examination; the commuted portion is RESTORED after 15 years from the date the reduction became operative (Rule 10-A); pension revised retrospectively \u2192 the difference in commuted value is paid without fresh application (Rule 10). The marked key identifies statements 2 and 3 as the correct pair. [Statement text not carried in the question \u2014 evaluate against these provisions.]`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 61,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules',\r\n    question: \"Mr. 'A' retired from Central Government service on 30.09.2013. He got 30% of his monthly pension commuted which was paid on 15.10.2013. Reduction of pension on account of commutation became operative w.e.f. 10\/2013. The pension was subsequently revised w.e.f. 01.02.2014, the orders for which were issued on 29.01.2015. Mr. 'A' got his additional pension commuted which was paid on 20.01.2016 and reduction in pension on this account given effect from the month of 02\/2016. In this context, the period of 15 years for restoration of the commuted amount of additional pension shall be reckoned from:\",\r\n    options: [\"01.10.2013\", \"01.02.2016\", \"20.01.2016\", \"01.02.2014\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Proviso to COP.Rule 10-A: where commutation is paid on more than one occasion (here, an ADDITIONAL commutation after upward revision), each commuted amount is restored 15 years from ITS OWN date on which the reduction on that account became operative. For the additional commutation the reduction was given effect from 02\/2016, i.e. 01.02.2016 \u2014 so the 15-year clock for the additional portion runs from 01.02.2016.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 62,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'CH 8: Family pension',\r\n    question: \"In which of the following circumstance(s), a female pensioner is allowed to nominate her child\/children for family pension after her death in precedence over her husband?\",\r\n    options: [\"2(i) and 2(ii) only\", \"2(iii) only\", \"1, 2(i) and 2(ii) only\", \"1, 2(i), 2(ii) and 2(iii)\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Under the 2021 Rules a female Government servant\/pensioner may nominate her eligible child\/children for family pension in precedence over her spouse where, e.g., divorce proceedings are pending in a court, or she has filed a case under the Dowry Prohibition Act \/ Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act \/ IPC against the spouse. All the listed limbs are recognised circumstances, giving the widest option. [Full sub-item text not carried in the question \u2014 apply Rule 50 as above.]`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 63,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'Life Certificate for Pensioners',\r\n    question: \"Annual Life Certificate signed by which of the following can be produced by a pensioner so as to be exempted from personal appearance before Pension Disbursing Authority? \\n1.Any Gazetted officer of the Government.\\n2.A Postmaster\\n3.A Head of Village Panchayat\\n4.An officer of the State Bank of India\\n5.A Block Development Officer\\n6.Self-Certificate\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below :\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 4 and 5 only\", \"2, 4 and 5 only\", \"1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 only\", \"1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The Scheme for Payment of Pensions lists specified authorities whose signature on a Life Certificate exempts personal appearance \u2014 a Gazetted officer, a Postmaster\/Departmental Sub-Postmaster, a Head of Village Panchayat, a responsible officer of a nationalised bank (incl. SBI), a BDO, and others. A pensioner may also use Digital Life Certificate\/self-mechanisms now recognised. All six listed are acceptable, hence \"1 to 6.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 64,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'National Pension System (NPS)',\r\n    question: \"The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) Act, 2013 does not, as a matter of course, apply to:\\n1.CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021.\\n2.The schemes or funds under the Employees\u2019 Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952.\\n3.National Pension System.\\n\\nSelect the answer using the code given below :\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `The PFRDA Act, 2013 regulates the NPS (so item 3 IS within its ambit). It does NOT apply to the old defined-benefit schemes (persons under CCS Pension Rules \u2014 item 1) nor to the EPF & MP Act, 1952 schemes (item 2), which are expressly saved. Hence the Act does not apply to 1 and 2 only.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 65,\r\n    year: '2024',\r\n    chapter: 'National Pension System (NPS)',\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding payment of retirement\/death gratuity under CCS (Payment of Gratuity under National Pension System) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Death gratuity shall not be admissible in the case of a Government servant who commits suicide.\\n2. A Central Government servant covered under National Pension System (NPS) and discharged from service on disablement would be eligible for death gratuity in addition to the benefits available from his accumulated pension corpus under NPS.\\n3. Children of a pre-deceased son shall be covered in definition of 'family' for the purpose of payment of gratuity.\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which are NOT correct. 1 \u2717(incorrect) \u2014 death gratuity IS admissible even where death is by suicide (Rule 45(2)\/Grat.Rule); so statement 1 is wrong. 2 \u2717(incorrect) \u2014 on discharge on DISABLEMENT the benefit is RETIREMENT gratuity, not \"death\" gratuity; so statement 2 (as worded) is wrong. 3 \u2713 \u2014 children of a pre-deceased son are within \"family.\" Hence the not-correct statements are 1 and 2.`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2009-11 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 194, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Service gratuity is admissible to the government servant retiring\",\r\n    options: [\"before completing 10 years\", \"after completing 10 years but less than 20 years\", \"on completion of 20 years\", \"on completion of 33 years\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 44(2): a Government servant who retires without completing the 10 years' QS needed for a monthly pension gets a one-time SERVICE GRATUITY (\u00bd month's emoluments per completed six-monthly period). So it is admissible where QS is LESS than 10 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 195, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The Head of the department is to prepare a list every six months, i.e., on 1st January and 1st July, of government servants due to retire within\",\r\n    options: [\"1 year to 2 years\", \"next 24 months to 30 months\", \"6 months to 1 year\", \"2 years to 3 years\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT: This reflects the OLD half-yearly list (1 Jan\/1 July) of those retiring in the coming 24\u201330 months. Under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 (Rule 55\/56) the practice changed: the Head of Department now prepares a list on the 15th of EVERY month of Government servants due to retire within the next 15 MONTHS. (See 2018 Q21 and 2019-20 Q9, which test the current monthly\/15-month position.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 196, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Previous sanction of the government would be necessary for a pensioner who immediately before his retirement was a Group A officer and wishes to accept commercial employment before the expiry of\",\r\n    options: [\"three years from the date of retirement\", \"two years from the date of retirement\", \"one year from the date of retirement\", \"six months from the date of retirement\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `A pensioner who was a Group 'A' officer must obtain the Government's prior sanction to accept commercial employment within ONE year of retirement (P.Rule 26 of the 2021 Rules; earlier Rule 10 of the 1972 Rules). (The old \"two-year\" restriction was reduced to one year.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 197, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"A government servant joined service on 02-01-2006 and died on 31-12-2007. How much gratuity will be admissible to his family?\",\r\n    options: [\"2 times of emoluments\", \"4 times of emoluments\", \"6 times of emoluments\", \"5 times of emoluments\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `QS = 02.01.2006 to 31.12.2007 \u2248 1 year 11 months, i.e. \"one year or more but less than five years.\" Death-gratuity table \u2192 6\u00d7 emoluments (Rule 45(1)(b)). Hence 6 times.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 198, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"If a government servant dies while in service leaving behind parents [father and mother], one brother and two sisters (one married and the other unmarried), the death gratuity shall be paid to the family in which of the following manners?\",\r\n    options: [\"To all in equal share\", \"Only to parents\", \"Only to father\", \"Only to parents, brother and unmarried sister in equal share\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Where there is no spouse\/child, death gratuity goes to the surviving members of \"family\" in equal shares. Here the eligible family = father, mother, the brother (below 18\/if disabled), and the UNMARRIED sister; a MARRIED sister is not \"family\" for gratuity. So it is shared equally among parents, brother and the unmarried sister.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 199, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Where a government servant dies while in service or after retirement without receiving the amount of gratuity and leaves behind no family and also has made no nomination, how will the amount of retirement\/death gratuity be regulated?\",\r\n    options: [\"It shall lapse to the government\", \"Paid to the closest relative\", \"Payable to grandparents who are alive\", \"Payable to the person in whose favour a 'succession certificate' in respect of the gratuity has been granted by the court of law\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 49: with no family and no subsisting nomination, the gratuity would ordinarily lapse to Government, BUT the proviso allows payment to the person holding a Succession Certificate for the gratuity. Hence option (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 200, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"A pensioner, who was holding a Group C post in the Ministry of Home Affairs at the time of his retirement, has been convicted of a serious crime by a court of law. Which of the following authorities has powers to withhold his pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"President of India\", \"Appointing authority of the post from which he retired\", \"Central Pension Accounting Authority\", \"Treasury\/bank from which the pension is drawn by such a pensioner\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `This is the \"future good conduct\" power. P.Rule 7(1)(b): where a pensioner is CONVICTED of a serious crime (or found guilty of grave misconduct), the APPOINTING AUTHORITY may withhold\/withdraw the pension. (Contrast Rule 8 \u2014 the President\/Secretary\/CAG power \u2014 which is for pecuniary loss found in departmental\/judicial proceedings.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 201, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The Head of Office is to forward the pension papers of a government servant due for retirement\",\r\n    options: [\"3 months before retirement\", \"9 months before retirement\", \"12 months before retirement\", \"6 months before retirement\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The Head of Office forwards the pension papers to the Accounts Officer about 6 months before the date of retirement (processing begins well ahead, service book sent to PSA one year prior). Hence 6 months. (Consistent with 2015 Q13.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 202, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"To what extent part of pension can be reduced in case of a pensioner found guilty of grave misconduct in a departmental or judicial proceeding during the period of his service and in whose case it is decided to withhold part of his pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"The reduction shall not be below Rs. 3,500\", \"The reduction shall not be below Rs. 5,000\", \"The reduction shall not be below Rs. 1,950\", \"The reduction shall not be below Rs. 3,750\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (figure): where part pension is withheld, the residual pension cannot fall below the MINIMUM PENSION. In the 6th-CPC era that floor was \u20b93,500 (the then-answer). Under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 the minimum pension is now \u20b99,000 p.m. \u2014 so today the residual pension cannot be reduced below \u20b99,000. The concept (floor = minimum pension) is unchanged; only the figure was revised \u20b93,500 \u2192 \u20b99,000.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 203, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following does not count as qualifying service for the purpose of pension rules?\",\r\n    options: [\"Service on probation\", \"Service as apprentice (other than SAs in MAD\/DAD)\", \"Period of suspension held to be unjustified\", \"Extraordinary leave on medical certificate\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Apprentice service generally does NOT count, except SAS apprentices in the Military\/Defence Accounts Departments (MAD\/DAD). Probation, EOL on medical certificate, and suspension held to be unjustified all count. Hence (b) does not count.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 204, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following causes the 'forfeiture of service'?\",\r\n    options: [\"Dismissal or removal of a government servant from a service or post\", \"Resignation from service or post which was allowed to be withdrawn in the public interest by the Appointing authority\", \"Termination of service of a government servant who failed to pass prescribed examination and who is appointed to another post without break\", \"Leave without pay\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Dismissal or removal from service entails forfeiture of past service (P.Rule 23). A resignation withdrawn in public interest, and a resignation to take another post without break, do NOT forfeit service; leave without pay is only a non-qualifying period, not forfeiture. Hence (a).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 205, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following has the effect of interruption in service?\",\r\n    options: [\"Authorized leave of absence\", \"Suspension where it is immediately followed by reinstatement or where the government servant dies\", \"Joining time while on transfer from one post to another post\", \"Period of absence not covered by grant of leave and treated as 'dies non'\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `A period of unauthorised absence treated as \"dies non\" causes an interruption in service. Authorised leave, joining time on transfer, and a suspension followed by reinstatement do NOT interrupt continuity. Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 206, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"For which of the following purposes dearness allowance is counted as emoluments?\",\r\n    options: [\"Superannuation pension\", \"Family pension\", \"Invalid pension\", \"Gratuity\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `DA is added to emoluments ONLY for GRATUITY (the DA admissible on the date of retirement\/death \u2014 Rule 45(6)). For pension\/family pension\/invalid pension, emoluments = basic pay (+NPA), DA excluded. Hence gratuity.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 207, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"Up to what extent a government servant is entitled to commute pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"Amount not exceeding 30% of his pension\", \"Amount not exceeding 50% of his pension\", \"Amount not exceeding 3.363% of his pension\", \"Amount not exceeding 40% of his pension\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `COP.Rule 5(1): commutation is allowed up to a maximum of 40% of the pension. Hence 40%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 208, year: \"2009-11\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following categories is not eligible for commutation of pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"A superannuation pension\", \"A retiring pension\", \"A pension on absorption in a corporation or company or body controlled\/financed by the Central or a State Government\", \"Compulsory retirement pension\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f Note: This 2009-11 key is dated. Under COP.Rule 12 a RETIRING pension is in fact eligible for commutation (indeed WITHOUT medical examination). The categories that require medical examination (and were historically restricted) are invalid pension, compassionate allowance and compulsory-retirement pension. As per the current Commutation Rules, retiring pension IS commutable; the marked answer should be read with caution.`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2012-13 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 209, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following retirement benefits are exempted from income tax?\",\r\n    options: [\"Amount of commuted value of pension\", \"Amount of retirement gratuity\", \"Encashment of leave\", \"All of the above\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `For Central Government retirees, the commuted value of pension, retirement gratuity and leave encashment are all exempt from income tax. Hence \"All of the above.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 210, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The Head of Office after ascertaining and assessing the Government dues payable by the Government servant due for retirement, is required to furnish the particulars of such dues to the Accounts Office for recovery out of the gratuity before its payment is authorized. When is such intimation required to be sent?\",\r\n    options: [\"2 months before the date of retirement\", \"3 months before the date of retirement\", \"6 months before the date of retirement\", \"8 months before the date of retirement\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `The Head of Office assesses Government dues and intimates the particulars to the Accounts Officer for recovery from the gratuity about 2 months before the date of retirement. Hence 2 months.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 211, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Who is the competent authority to withhold pension or gratuity or both in full or in part or withdrawing a pension in full or in part in the case of a pensioner held guilty for causing pecuniary loss to the Government?\",\r\n    options: [\"The Minister concerned\", \"The Prime Minister\", \"The Home Minister\", \"The President of India\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Under the \"pecuniary loss \/ grave misconduct in departmental or judicial proceedings\" power (Rule 8), the answer was historically the President. \u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (A3): after 07.10.2022 this power is decentralised \u2014 President (post where President is appointing authority) \/ Secretary of Ministry-Dept (subordinate-authority posts) \/ CAG (Indian Audit & Accounts Dept). Among the given options the President remains correct, but note the amended, distributed position.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 212, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"What type of pension will be granted to a Government servant who, having completed 20 years qualifying service, opts for voluntary retirement under Rule 48-A of CCS (Pension) Rules?\",\r\n    options: [\"Superannuation Pension\", \"Retiring Pension\", \"Compensation Pension\", \"Compulsory retirement Pension\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Voluntary retirement after 20 years' QS attracts a RETIRING pension (old Rule 48-A of the 1972 Rules = Rule 43 of the 2021 Rules). Hence Retiring Pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 213, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"What is the rate of normal family pension with effect from 1.1.2006, subject to a minimum of Rs 3500 pm?\",\r\n    options: [\"30% of pay\", \"50% of pay\", \"40% of pay\", \"25% of pay\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Normal (ordinary) family pension = 30% of pay (Rule 50(2)(a)(i)). \u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (figure): the minimum is now \u20b99,000 p.m. (not \u20b93,500) and the maximum is \u20b975,000 p.m. under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021. The 30% rate itself is unchanged.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 214, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Additional quantum of family pension admissible to a family pensioner whose age is 92 years is\",\r\n    options: [\"30% of basic family pension\", \"40% of basic family pension\", \"50% of basic family pension\", \"100% of basic family pension\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 50(3): additional family pension by age \u2014 80\u2013<85: 20%, 85\u2013<90: 30%, 90\u2013<95: 40%, 95\u2013<100: 50%, 100+: 100%. At 92 years (90\u2013<95 slab) it is 40% of basic family pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 215, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"A person has rendered 35 years qualifying service. What would be the quantum of gratuity payable to him at the time of retirement?\",\r\n    options: [\"35 times of the emoluments\", \"17 1\/2 times of the emoluments\", \"16 1\/2 times of the emoluments subject to maximum amount of Ten Lakhs\", \"None of the above\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Retirement gratuity = \u00bc emol per six-monthly period, max 16\u00bd\u00d7 (Rule 45(1)(a)); 35 years \u2192 70 half-years but capped at 16\u00bd\u00d7 emoluments. \u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (A1): the monetary ceiling of \u20b910 Lakh shown here is outdated \u2014 it rose to \u20b920 Lakh (2016) and to \u20b925 Lakh w.e.f. 01.01.2024. The 16\u00bd\u00d7 formula is unchanged; only the money-ceiling figure changed.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 216, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following is categorized as a class of pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"Subsistence allowance\", \"Compassionate allowance\", \"Deputation allowance\", \"Gratuity\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Compassionate allowance (granted on dismissal\/removal, on special consideration) is one of the classes of pension in Chapter V. Subsistence\/deputation allowances are pay-related; gratuity is a lump-sum retirement benefit, not a class of pension. Hence compassionate allowance.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 217, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following is not reckoned as emoluments for the purpose of retirement gratuity?\",\r\n    options: [\"Basic pay\", \"Dearness allowance\", \"Transportation allowance\", \"All of the above\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `For retirement gratuity, emoluments = basic pay + DA (on the date of retirement). Transport Allowance is NOT reckoned as emoluments. Hence (c).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 219, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant re-employed in a civil service post had, before his re-employment, rendered military service. On his confirmation in the civil post, he has opted to count his previous military service as qualifying service towards his civil post. In this context, which of the following will not be required to be refunded by him?\",\r\n    options: [\"The pension drawn prior to the date of re-employment\", \"The value received for the commutation of a part of military pension\", \"The amount of retirement gratuity\", \"None of the above\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `To count former military service as civil QS, the ex-serviceman must refund the retirement\/service gratuity and the commuted value of the military pension; but the PENSION already DRAWN (for the period before re-employment) need NOT be refunded. Hence (a) is the item not required to be refunded.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 220, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"Ch 1: Preliminary\",\r\n    question: \"To which of the following categories the CCS (Pension) Rules do not apply?\",\r\n    options: [\"Employees who are put on induction training after their appointment prior to 01.01.2004 and were paid salary from that date\", \"Members of All India Services\", \"Temporary employees\", \"All of the above\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 2 excludes Members of the All India Services (governed by their own AIS pension rules). Induction-trainees appointed pre-2004 and temporary employees ARE covered. Hence (b).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 221, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"The minimum qualifying service for the voluntary retirement of a civilian Government servant under Rule 48-A of CCS (Pension) Rule, 1972 is\",\r\n    options: [\"33 years\", \"25 years\", \"20 years\", \"At any time\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Voluntary retirement under old Rule 48-A (now Rule 43) needs a minimum of 20 years' QS. Hence 20 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 222, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In case of delayed payment of gratuity due to administrative lapses, who is the competent authority to consider and sanction payment of interest for such delayed payments?\",\r\n    options: [\"Head of Department\", \"Pension sanctioning authority\", \"Head of Office\", \"Secretary of the Administrative Ministry or the Department concerned\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Where gratuity is delayed due to administrative lapse, penal interest (at GPF rate) is payable, and the authority to sanction such interest is the Secretary of the Administrative Ministry\/Department concerned. Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 223, year: \"2012-13\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"A Head of Department or a Head of Office is empowered to sanction a lump sum advance for immediate financial relief to the family of a Government servant in permanent or temporary employ who dies while in service in order to enable the family to meet its immediate requirements. What is the maximum time span within which this advance is to be adjusted?\",\r\n    options: [\"Within 3 months\", \"Within 6 months\", \"Within 9 months\", \"Within 12 months\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `The lump-sum advance for immediate relief to the family of a deceased Government servant is adjustable against the retirement\/death gratuity within 6 months. Hence 6 months.`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2014 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following statements is\/are true for eligibility of family pension to an unmarried daughter of a deceased Government servant?\\n1. Family pension payable to such a daughter shall be stopped if she starts earning her livelihood.\\n2. Family pension to an unmarried major daughter shall be payable through a guardian.\",\r\n    options: [\"2 only\", \"1 only\", \"Both 1 and 2\", \"Neither 1 nor 2\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 family pension to a daughter ceases on her marriage or on her starting to earn her livelihood (income test), whichever is earlier. 2 \u2717 \u2014 an unmarried MAJOR daughter draws family pension in her own right, NOT through a guardian (a guardian is needed only for minors\/mentally-disabled). Hence \"1 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of family pension payable from 01.01.2006:\\n1. Family pension shall be calculated at a uniform rate of 30% of basic pay in all cases.\\n2. Family pension will be subject to a minimum of Rs. 3,500.\\n3. Family pension will be subject to a maximum of Rs. 27,000.\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `As on 01.01.2006 (6th CPC): normal family pension = 30% of basic pay, min \u20b93,500, max \u20b927,000 (30% of the then-highest pay \u20b990,000). All three were correct THEN. \u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (figures): under the 2021 Rules the min is \u20b99,000 and the max \u20b975,000 (30% of \u20b92,50,000); the 30% rate is unchanged.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"In which of the following cases is an applicant eligible to commute fractions of his pension after medical examination?\\n1. Invalid pension\\n2. Retiring pension\\n3. Compassionate allowance\\n4. Compensation pension\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"2 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Commutation AFTER medical examination is required for invalid pension (1) and compassionate allowance (3) (and generally for pensions not commutable without medical exam). Retiring pension (2) and compensation pension (4) \u2014 applied within the prescribed period \u2014 are commutable WITHOUT medical examination. Hence \"1 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following is\/are included in the definition of family for grant of family pension?\\n1. Wife in the case of a male Government servant and husband in the case of a female Government servant\\n2. Son who has not attained the age of 25 years and unmarried daughter who has not attained the age of 25 years including such son and daughter adopted legally\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"Both 1 and 2\", \"Neither 1 nor 2\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Both are within \"family\" for family pension: spouse (1) and children \u2014 son\/unmarried daughter below 25, including legally adopted (2), subject to the income limit. Hence both.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant selected for discharge owing to the abolition of his permanent post and alternative employment of equal status being not possible, is granted\",\r\n    options: [\"Compulsory retirement pension\", \"Compassionate allowance\", \"Retiring pension\", \"Compensation pension\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Discharge on ABOLITION of a permanent post (with no equal-status alternative) attracts a COMPENSATION pension (Rule 38 of 2021 Rules). Hence Compensation pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 6, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Emoluments for the purpose of pension include\\n1. Band pay plus grade pay\\n2. Non-practising allowance granted to medical officer\\n3. Pay drawn by a Government servant on foreign deputation\\n4. Dearness allowance\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"1 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Emoluments for pension = basic pay (Band Pay + Grade Pay in 6th-CPC terms) (1 \u2713) and NPA to medical officers (2 \u2713). Pay drawn on FOREIGN SERVICE\/deputation is NOT counted \u2014 the notional pay under the parent department is used (3 \u2717); DA is excluded for pension (4 \u2717). Hence \"1 and 2 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 7, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The amount of retirement gratuity payable to a Government servant on his retirement shall in no case exceed\",\r\n    options: [\"Rs. 2,50,000\", \"Rs. 5,00,000\", \"Rs. 7,50,000\", \"Rs. 10,00,000\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (A1): \u20b910,00,000 was the correct ceiling in 2014 (pre-7th CPC). It has since risen to \u20b920 Lakh (01.01.2016) and to \u20b925 Lakh (w.e.f. 01.01.2024, DA at 50%). So the CURRENT ceiling is \u20b925 Lakh, though \u20b910 Lakh was right for the 2014 paper.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 8, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"An officer retires with a pension of Rs. 37,275. He has opted to commute 40% of his pension. Taking the commutation factor of 8.194 and his age next birthday as 61 years, the amount of commuted value of pension would work out to\",\r\n    options: [\"Rs. 12,77,011\", \"Rs. 18,08,222\", \"Rs. 14,66,071\", \"Rs. 15,99,623\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `CVP = (commuted portion of pension) \u00d7 (commutation factor) \u00d7 12. Commuted portion = 40% \u00d7 37,275 = 14,910. CVP = 14,910 \u00d7 8.194 \u00d7 12 = \u20b914,66,070.5 \u2248 \u20b914,66,071. Hence (c).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Government servant retires after completing 34 years and 7 months of qualifying service with emoluments last drawn as follows: Band Pay + Grade Pay (Rs. 20,000 + 5,400) Dearness Allowance @ 107% of Band Pay + GP. The Retirement Gratuity in this case would be\",\r\n    options: [\"Rs. 6,76,537\", \"Rs. 7,57,537\", \"Rs. 8,67,537\", \"Rs. 9,76,537\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Emoluments for gratuity = (BP+GP) + DA = 25,400 + (107% \u00d7 25,400 = 27,178) = 52,578. QS 34y7m \u2192 capped at 16\u00bd\u00d7 (66 half-years). Gratuity = 16\u00bd \u00d7 52,578 = \u20b98,67,537. Hence (c). (Under 2014 \u20b910L ceiling this was payable in full.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Government servant drawing Band Pay of Rs. 18,600 plus Grade Pay of Rs. 4,800 died on 31.08.2014 while in service and his date of birth was 06.06.1955. His family is eligible for family pension. What is her family pension at enhanced rate and at normal rate at relevant dates?\",\r\n    options: [\"Enhanced rate Rs. 14,040 and Normal rate Rs. 9,360\", \"Enhanced rate Rs. 11,700 and Normal rate Rs. 7,020\", \"Enhanced rate Rs. 11,700 and Normal rate Rs. 9,360\", \"Enhanced rate Rs. 14,040 and Normal rate Rs. 7,020\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Pay = 18,600 + 4,800 = 23,400. Enhanced family pension (death in service) = 50% of pay = \u20b911,700. Normal family pension = 30% of pay = \u20b97,020. Hence (b).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Death gratuity equivalent to 12 times of emoluments is payable to the family of a Government servant who died while in service after rendering qualifying service of\",\r\n    options: [\"Less than one year\", \"One year or more but less than 5 years\", \"5 years or more but less than 20 years\", \"20 years or more\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (A2): under the OLD table (correct for 2014), 12\u00d7 applied to \"5 years or more but less than 20 years.\" The CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 SPLIT this slab: now 12\u00d7 = \"5 to <11 years\" and 20\u00d7 = \"11 to <20 years.\" So today 12\u00d7 is only for 5\u2013<11 years. (See 2019-20 Q12 and 2021-22 Q12, which test the new table.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following statements are correct, in the context of higher rate of family pension?\\n1. A higher rate of family pension is admissible if the deceased Government servant had rendered not less than seven years continuous service at the time of his death while in service.\\n2. The higher rate of family pension shall be equal to 50% of the pay last drawn.\\n3. The amount so admissible shall be payable from the date following the date of death of the Government servant for a period of 10 years.\\n4. The higher rate of pension shall also be admissible to dependent parents.\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, 3 and 4\", \"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 4 only\", \"2, 3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f Note: Under the OLD (2014) scheme the enhanced rate needed 7 years' service (1 \u2713), was 50% of pay (2 \u2713) and ran 10 years for death-in-service (3 \u2713); it did NOT extend to dependent parents (4 \u2717) \u2014 hence \"1,2,3 only.\" Under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 the 7-year condition was REMOVED (enhanced family pension for death-in-service is now available irrespective of length of service).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Additional pension equal to 40% of basic pension shall be admissible to a pensioner whose age is\",\r\n    options: [\"From 80 years to less than 85 years\", \"From 85 years to less than 90 years\", \"From 90 years to less than 95 years\", \"From 90 years to less than 100 years\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Additional pension by age (Rule 44(6)): 80\u2013<85: 20%, 85\u2013<90: 30%, 90\u2013<95: 40%, 95\u2013<100: 50%, 100+: 100%. 40% applies to 90\u2013<95 years. Hence (c).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"In the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972, communication or disclosure of any secret official code or password or any document or information such as mentioned in Section 5 of Official Secrets Act, 1923 so as to prejudicially affect the interests of the general public or the security of the State amounts to\",\r\n    options: [\"Misconduct\", \"Grave misconduct\", \"Breach of security\", \"Serious crime\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `The Rule 8 Explanation defines \"grave misconduct\" to include disclosure of a secret official code\/password\/document\/information (as in Section 5 of the Official Secrets Act, 1923) prejudicial to the public interest or State security. Hence grave misconduct.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 15, year: \"2014\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"In which of the following cases, the date of retirement of a Government servant, shall be treated as a non-working day?\",\r\n    options: [\"The day on which a Government servant retires\", \"The day on which he is discharged from service\", \"The day on which he is allowed to resign from service\", \"The day on which he is retired prematurely\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The day of retirement is treated as a non-working day only in the case of retirement on superannuation\/premature retirement (the officer does not work that day). The marked key selects premature retirement. (For superannuation the last day is also a non-working day; note that on discharge\/resignation the day is a working day.)`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2015 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"What will be the date of restoration of commuted portion of pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"5 years from the date of retirement\", \"10 years from the date of retirement\", \"15 years from the date of retirement\", \"20 years from the date of retirement\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `COP.Rule 10-A: the commuted portion is restored on completion of 15 years from the date the reduction on account of commutation became operative (roughly 15 years from retirement where commutation was simultaneous with retirement). Hence 15 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"How many years are added to the length of qualifying service of a Government servant who is declared surplus and opts to retire voluntarily?\",\r\n    options: [\"0\", \"5\", \"10\", \"Number of years he served is doubled\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Under the Special Voluntary Retirement Scheme for SURPLUS staff, a weightage of up to 5 years is added to QS (subject to the cap that total QS does not exceed 33 years\/would-be superannuation). Hence 5 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"What action should be initiated against a pensioner, who is convicted in judicial proceedings for an offence committed by him\/her while in service?\\n1. Impose a cut in the pension\\n2. Stoppage of pension\\n3. Issue a show-cause notice\\nSelect the correct answer by using the codes given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3\", \"2 only\", \"3 only\", \"1 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `\u26a0\ufe0f Note the flow: on conviction the competent authority MUST first issue a show-cause notice (natural justice) before deciding whether to cut\/withhold the pension. As the first action to be \"initiated,\" the answer is item 3 (issue a show-cause notice). Any cut\/stoppage follows only after considering the reply.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of limitations on the pension of a military pensioner who is re-employed in civil service:\\n1. Pension is not payable to him for his prior military service.\\n2. Pension is not payable to him for his second spell i.e. civil service.\\n3. In addition to the first pension, the military pensioner is eligible to get the second pension also for the civil service rendered by him\/her.\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `A military pensioner re-employed in a civil post may retain his military pension AND earn a separate civil pension for the civil service (subject to fixation\/ignorable-pension rules). So statement 3 is correct \u2014 he gets the second (civil) pension in addition to the first (military) pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements for a female Central Service Group 'A' pensioner, who wishes to accept an employment under Government outside India:\\n1. She is required to obtain prior permission from the Central Government, unless she has been permitted for such employment during her leave preparatory to retirement.\\n2. If the permission is not taken, no pension is payable to her for the period of such employment.\\n3. She may choose to claim only a partial pension, if she does not wish to seek any permission.\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"2 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `For employment under a Government OUTSIDE India, a Group 'A' pensioner needs prior permission (1 \u2713), failing which no pension is payable for that period (2 \u2713). There is no option to draw \"partial pension\" to avoid seeking permission (3 \u2717). Hence \"1 and 2 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 6, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"If a pensioner who, immediately before his retirement, was a member of Central Service Group 'A', wishes to accept any commercial employment before the expiry of one year of his retirement, he\\n1. May accept employment without seeking sanction of any Authority.\\n2. Shall obtain the previous sanction of the Government.\\n3. May simply inform the Government after accepting employment.\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"3 only\", \"1 and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `A Group 'A' pensioner must obtain the Government's PREVIOUS sanction to accept commercial employment within one year of retirement (Rule 26). Hence statement 2 only.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 7, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"The Competent Authority to withhold or withdraw the pension of a Central Government servant is the\",\r\n    options: [\"Cabinet\", \"Finance master\", \"Prime Minister\", \"President of India\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Under Rule 8 (pecuniary loss \/ grave misconduct in proceedings), the answer was the President. \u26a0\ufe0f AMENDMENT (A3): since 07.10.2022 this is decentralised \u2014 President \/ Secretary (subordinate-authority posts) \/ CAG (IA&AD). Among the options the President is still correct, but note the amended distributed scheme.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 8, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"Ch 1: Preliminary\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972:\\n1. Employees of Union Territories are also governed by the CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972.\\n2. There is no distinction between permanent and temporary employees insofar as the application of CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972 is concerned.\\n3. Temporary Government servant with less than 10 years' service, who retires on superannuation, discharged from the service, etc. is eligible for gratuity as for permanent Government servant.\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 the Rules apply to UT employees on pensionable establishments. 2 \u2713 \u2014 no distinction between permanent\/temporary for pension entitlement. 3 \u2713 \u2014 a temporary servant with <10 years is eligible for service gratuity like a permanent servant. All three correct.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"The expression 'emoluments' in the context of pension to the Medical Officers, includes\",\r\n    options: [\"Basic pay and Non-practicing allowance\", \"Basic pay and Special pay\", \"Basic pay, Personal pay and Non-practicing allowance\", \"None of the above\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `For medical officers, emoluments = basic pay + NPA (Non-Practicing Allowance granted in lieu of private practice). Special pay\/personal pay are not emoluments for pension. Hence (a).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Stoppage or reduction of pension for reasons other than misconduct is not permissible. In this context, consider the following statements:\\n1. Pension is not in the nature of a reward.\\n2. Pension can be claimed as a right.\\n3. Claim to pension is forfeited on resignation.\\n4. After a pension is sanctioned, its continuance depends on future good conduct.\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 4 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 pension is earned, not a reward. 2 \u2713 \u2014 it is a right, not a bounty. 3 \u2713 \u2014 resignation forfeits past service and the claim to pension (Rule 23). 4 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 7: continuance is subject to future good conduct. All four correct.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"A disabled daughter divorced after attaining 25 years of age can be granted family pension subject to\\n1. Her divorce being valid in law.\\n2. She comes back to her parental home after divorce.\\n3. Her disability being certified by an appropriate authority.\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `A disabled divorced daughter (even after 25) can get family pension if the divorce is legally valid (1 \u2713) and the disability is duly certified by the appropriate authority (3 \u2713). \"Returning to the parental home\" (2) is not a condition. Hence \"1 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"If a pensioner is convicted of a serious crime or is found guilty of grave misconduct, the Appointing Authority has the power to withhold\\n1. Full pension for a specified period.\\n2. Full pension permanently.\\n3. Part of the pension permanently.\\n4. Part of the pension for a specified period.\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 4 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 7(1)(b): on conviction\/grave misconduct the Appointing Authority may withhold or withdraw pension in full or in part, permanently or for a specified period (subject to the residual pension not falling below the minimum pension). All four modes are available.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The Pension papers of a Government servant shall be forwarded to the Accounts Officer not later than\",\r\n    options: [\"2 months before the date of retirement\", \"6 months before the date of retirement\", \"3 months before the date of retirement\", \"9 months before the date of retirement\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Pension papers are forwarded by the Head of Office to the Accounts Officer not later than 6 months before the date of retirement. Hence 6 months.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14, year: \"2015\", chapter: \"Ch 1: Preliminary\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following:\\n1. Accounts Officer\\n2. Branches of Nationalized Banks\\n3. Treasury including Sub-treasury\\nWhich of the above are Pension Disbursing Authorities?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `A \"Pension Disbursing Authority\" is defined to include a branch of a nationalised\/public-sector bank, a treasury\/sub-treasury, and the Accounts Officer paying the pension. All three, hence \"1, 2 and 3.\"`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2016-17 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant who, on being declared surplus, opts for voluntary retirement in accordance with the provisions of Special Voluntary Retirement Scheme, is eligible for:\",\r\n    options: [\"Compensation Pension\", \"Compulsory retirement pension\", \"Superannuation pension\", \"Retiring pension\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `A surplus employee who opts for voluntary retirement under the Special VRS gets a RETIRING pension (with weightage). Hence Retiring pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"The pension is liable to be forfeited on the grounds of:\\n1. Resignation\\n2. Removal\\n3. Dismissal\\n4. Compulsory retirement\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"2, 3 and 4 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Resignation (1), removal (2) and dismissal (3) forfeit past service\/pension. Compulsory retirement AS A PENALTY (4) does NOT forfeit pension \u2014 a compulsory-retirement pension (\u2154 to full) is still granted (Rule 40). Hence \"1, 2 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"Ch 1: Preliminary\",\r\n    question: \"Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1972 do not apply to:\\n1. Government servant appointed on or after 1.1.2004\\n2. Railway servants\\n3. Civilian Government servants in the Defence Services appointed before 31.12.2003\\n4. Members of the All India Services\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"1, 2 and 4\", \"1, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `The Rules do NOT apply to those appointed on\/after 01.01.2004 (they are under NPS) (1), Railway servants (2), and Members of the AIS (4). Civilian Defence Service servants appointed BEFORE 31.12.2003 ARE covered (3 is covered, so excluded from the \"not apply\" set). Hence \"1, 2 and 4.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"The authority whose consultation is required before any final orders are passed by the Competent Authority to withhold a pension or gratuity or both is:\",\r\n    options: [\"Secretary of Ministry concerned\", \"Department of Personnel and Training\", \"Head of the Department concerned\", \"Union Public Service Commission\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The proviso to Rule 8(1) requires that the Union Public Service Commission be consulted before final orders withholding\/withdrawing pension\/gratuity are passed. Hence UPSC.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"The Competent Authority may retire a Government servant in public interest after the Government servant has completed the qualifying service of:\",\r\n    options: [\"20 years\", \"25 years\", \"30 years\", \"33 years\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 42: premature retirement in public interest is possible after 30 years' QS. Hence 30 years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 6, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The quantum of additional pension admissible to the pensioners in the age of 90 years to less than 95 years is:\",\r\n    options: [\"15% of basic pension\", \"20% of basic pension\", \"40% of basic pension\", \"50% of basic pension\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Additional pension for the 90\u2013<95 age slab = 40% of basic pension (Rule 44(6)). Hence 40%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 7, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Sanction of which authority would be required to initiate Departmental Proceedings after a Government servant has retired?\",\r\n    options: [\"The President of India\", \"The Head of the Department concerned\", \"Secretary, DOPT\", \"Head of the Office concerned\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Departmental proceedings against a retired Government servant (under Rule 8) require the sanction of the President. \u26a0\ufe0f Note: after the Rule 8 amendment (2022), for posts under a subordinate appointing authority the \"competent authority\" for such proceedings is the Secretary of the Ministry\/Dept (or CAG for IA&AD) \u2014 see 2018 Q12. For a President's-appointee post, the answer remains the President.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 8, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following is included in the expression 'emoluments' for the purpose of calculating various retirement and death benefits?\",\r\n    options: [\"Basic pay\", \"Special pay\", \"Personal pay\", \"Deputation (Duty) allowance\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Emoluments = basic pay (Rule 31). Special pay, personal pay and deputation (duty) allowance are excluded. Hence Basic pay.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"Ch 1: Preliminary\",\r\n    question: \"In the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972, the Treasury Rules of the Central Government shall apply in regard to the procedure payment of:\\n1. Gratuity\\n2. Pension\\n3. Pension undrawn for more than a year\\n4. Pension in respect of a deceased pensioner\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2 and 3 only\", \"2, 3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The Treasury Rules govern the PROCEDURE for payment of gratuity, pension, pension undrawn for more than a year, and pension of a deceased pensioner alike. Hence all four.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The payment of gratuity is ordinarily payable in:\",\r\n    options: [\"Two instalments\", \"Three instalments\", \"Four instalments\", \"Lumpsum\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Retirement\/death gratuity is paid in a lump sum. Hence Lumpsum.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11, year: \"2016-17\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The Directorate of Estates would issue an Advance No Demand Certificate to the Department concerned with a copy endorsed to the individual concerned eight months before the date of superannuation informing:\\n1. The amount of license fee due up to that period i.e. eight months prior to the date of superannuation.\\n2. The rate of monthly recovery of license fee for the rest of the service i.e. eight months.\\n3. The amount of license fee recoverable for a twelve-month period of retention allowed after retirement.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `The Advance No-Demand Certificate (issued ~8 months before superannuation for allottees of Government accommodation) informs (1) the licence fee due up to that point and (2) the monthly recovery rate for the remaining service. The permissible post-retirement retention period is normally shorter than 12 months, so item 3 as worded is not correct. Hence \"1 and 2 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2018 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, sanction of which one of the following authorities shall be required for instituting departmental proceedings after retirement of a Government servant whose appointing authority was subordinate to the President?\",\r\n    options: [\"The Head of Department\", \"Union Public Service Commission\", \"The President\", \"Secretary of the Ministry\/Department concerned\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Post the Rule 8 amendment (2022), where the appointing authority was SUBORDINATE to the President, the \"competent authority\" (whose sanction is needed to institute post-retirement departmental proceedings) is the Secretary of the Ministry\/Department concerned (and the CAG for IA&AD). Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"Pension at 50 percent of emoluments or average emoluments, whichever is more beneficial, becomes admissible to a Government servant retiring under CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 (other than on the grounds of bodily or mental infirmity) on completion of qualifying service of not less than:\",\r\n    options: [\"Ten years\", \"Fifteen years\", \"Twenty years\", \"Thirty-three years\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 44(1): full pension at 50% of emoluments\/average emoluments is admissible on completion of not less than 10 years' QS. (Contrast 2025 Q51, which asked about the \"retiring pension\" CLASS specifically \u2014 that class needs 20 years.) Hence Ten years.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of Rule 43 of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, a Government servant (other than scientist or technical expert) who has completed 20 years qualifying service may, by giving notice of not less than three months in writing, retire from service. Such a notice of voluntary retirement shall require acceptance by the:\",\r\n    options: [\"Head of Office\", \"Appointing Authority\", \"Authority next above the Appointing Authority\", \"Secretary of the Ministry\/Department concerned\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 43(2): the notice of voluntary retirement requires acceptance by the APPOINTING AUTHORITY (and if not refused before expiry of the notice, retirement takes effect automatically). Hence Appointing Authority.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 15, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 9: Dearness Relief\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, whenever Dearness Allowance rises by 50 percent of the basic pay, the ceiling on gratuity will increase by:\",\r\n    options: [\"20%\", \"25%\", \"30%\", \"40%\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Per the 7th CPC dispensation, the gratuity ceiling rises by 25% each time DA increases by 50%. (This is exactly how the ceiling went \u20b920L \u2192 \u20b925L when DA touched 50% on 01.01.2024 \u2014 A1.) Hence 25%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 16, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding refusal of a pensioner to pay any amount owed by him to Government:\\n1. Such a refusal cannot be said to be 'misconduct' within the meaning of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021.\\n2. The possible way of recovering Government dues from such a retiring officer who refuses to agree in writing, to such dues being recovered from his pension is to delay the final sanction of his pension for some time for persuading him to agree to recovery.\\n3. Take recourse to court of law for recovering Government dues.\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 a mere refusal to agree to recovery is not \"misconduct.\" 2 \u2713 \u2014 pension sanction may be delayed briefly to persuade agreement to recovery. 3 \u2713 \u2014 the Government can also sue in a court of law to recover its dues. All three correct.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 17, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are not considered as 'Dues to Government' and hence not recoverable from death-cum-retirement gratuity?\\n1. Overpayment of pay and allowances\\n2. Arrears of income tax deductible at source\\n3. Sum due from the officer to an autonomous organization\\n4. Arrears of water and electricity due to Municipal Corporation\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2 and 4\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 3 and 4\", \"3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `\"Government dues\" recoverable from gratuity = overpayment of pay\/allowances (1) and arrears of income tax at source (2). A sum due to an AUTONOMOUS organisation (3) and dues to a MUNICIPAL Corporation (4) are NOT Government dues, hence not recoverable from gratuity. So \"3 and 4 only\" are the non-recoverable items.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 18, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981, up to what percentage shall a Government servant be entitled to commute his monthly pension for a lump sum payment?\",\r\n    options: [\"Up to 25%\", \"Up to 30%\", \"Up to 40%\", \"Up to 50%\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `COP.Rule 5(1): up to 40% of pension may be commuted. Hence up to 40%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 19, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"In which of the following cases, the pensioners can commute a portion of their pension only after they have been medically examined and found fit by the appropriate medical authorities?\\n1. Pensioners in receipt of superannuation pension applying for commutation within eight months from the date of retirement.\\n2. Persons retired on invalid pension.\\n3. Persons in receipt of compassionate allowance.\\n4. Persons in receipt of compensation pension and applying for commutation within one month from the date of retirement.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 3 and 4\", \"1, 2 and 3\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Commutation WITHOUT medical examination is allowed for superannuation pension applied within 1 year (item 1) and compensation pension applied within the prescribed period (item 4). Medical examination IS required for invalid pension (2) and compassionate allowance (3). Hence \"2 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 20, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant retires after completion of 27\u00bd years of qualifying service. At the time of retirement, he was in receipt of pay of Rs. 69,200 with Dearness Allowance @ 34%. The amount of retirement gratuity admissible to him would work out to\",\r\n    options: [\"Rs. 10,00,000\", \"Rs. 9,51,500\", \"Rs. 12,75,010\", \"Rs. 15,00,500\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Emoluments for gratuity = 69,200 + (34% \u00d7 69,200 = 23,528) = 92,728. QS 27\u00bd yrs \u2192 55 six-monthly periods. Gratuity = \u00bc \u00d7 92,728 \u00d7 55 = \u20b912,75,010. (Below the then \u20b920L ceiling.) Hence (c).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 21, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, every Head of Department shall have a list prepared of all Government servants who are due to retire within next fifteen months and a copy thereof supplied to the Account Officer concerned. The periodicity of preparing such a list is:\",\r\n    options: [\"Every month\", \"Every three months\", \"Every six months\", \"Every nine months\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Under the 2021 Rules the Head of Department prepares (on the 15th of EVERY month) a list of Government servants due to retire within the next 15 months, supplied to the Accounts Officer. Periodicity = every month. (This is the amended position vs. the old half-yearly list \u2014 see 2009-11 Q195.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 22, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following is\/are considered as 'emoluments' for pension?\\n1. Pay in Pay Level of Pay Matrix\\n2. Personal Pay\\n3. Non-Practicing Allowance\\n4. Special Allowance\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Emoluments for pension = pay in the Pay Level (basic pay) (1 \u2713) + NPA (3 \u2713). Personal pay (2) and special allowance (4) are excluded. Hence \"1 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 23, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"The President, in the case of a pensioner who retired from a post for which the President is the appointing authority, reserves to himself the right of withholding a pension or gratuity or both, either in full or in part, in consultation with which one of the following authorities?\",\r\n    options: [\"Secretary, DOPT\", \"Union Public Service Commission\", \"Secretary (Expenditure)\", \"Secretary of the Ministry\/Department concerned\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Proviso to Rule 8(1): the President exercises this power in consultation with the Union Public Service Commission. Hence UPSC.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 24, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"With effect from 01.01.2016, additional pension at the rate of 50% of basic pension is admissible to old pensioners whose age is:\",\r\n    options: [\"From 75 years to less than 80 years\", \"From 85 years to less than 90 years\", \"From 90 years to less than 95 years\", \"From 95 years to less than 100 years\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Additional pension = 50% of basic pension for the 95\u2013<100 age slab (Rule 44(6)). Hence \"95 years to less than 100 years.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 25, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"Pension granted to a Government servant who retires on his own volition before attaining the age of superannuation in accordance with the provisions of Rule 43 of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 is in the category of:\",\r\n    options: [\"Compassionate Allowance\", \"Compensation Pension\", \"Retiring Pension\", \"Compulsory Retirement Pension\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Voluntary retirement under Rule 43 gives a RETIRING pension. Hence Retiring Pension.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 26, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the expression \\\"emoluments\\\" for calculation of retirement benefits in terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Pay drawn by a Government servant while on deputation to Armed Forces of India shall be treated as emoluments.\\n2. Stagnation increment shall be treated as emoluments for calculation of retirement benefits.\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"Both 1 and 2\", \"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"Neither 1 nor 2\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 31(6): pay drawn on deputation to an ex-cadre post\/Armed Forces of India is treated as emoluments. 2 \u2713 \u2014 stagnation increment is treated as emoluments (Rule 31 Explanation). Hence both.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 27, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"Ch 1: Preliminary\",\r\n    question: \"To which of the following do the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021 apply?\\n1. Government servants appointed on or before 31.12.2003\\n2. Persons paid from contingencies\\n3. Members of All India Services\\n4. Railway servants\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 2 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `The 2021 Rules apply to Government servants appointed on\/before 31.12.2003 (1 \u2713). They do NOT apply to persons paid from contingencies (2), AIS members (3) or Railway servants (4). Hence \"1 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 28, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant while on Earned Leave on medical grounds expires. His day of death for the purpose of terminal benefits will be treated:\",\r\n    options: [\"As a working day\", \"As a part of leave\", \"As dies non\", \"As absent from duty\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Where a Government servant on leave dies, the day of death is treated as part of that leave. Hence \"as a part of leave.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 29, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of a Government servant due for retirement, the Head of Office shall forward his pension papers with due checks to the Accounts Officer responsible for issuing authorization of pension. The Accounts Officer shall issue authorization of pension through:\",\r\n    options: [\"Office Order\", \"Office Memorandum\", \"Notification\", \"Pension Payment Order\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The Accounts Officer authorises pension through a Pension Payment Order (PPO). Hence PPO.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 30, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"If a Government servant dies while in service after rendering service for three years, the Death Gratuity would be admissible to his family at the rate of:\",\r\n    options: [\"2 times of emoluments\", \"6 times of emoluments\", \"12 times of emoluments\", \"15 times of emoluments\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `QS of 3 years falls in \"one year or more but less than five years\" \u2192 death gratuity = 6\u00d7 emoluments (Rule 45(1)(b)). Hence 6 times.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 31, year: \"2018\", chapter: \"SO\/Steno\",\r\n    question: \"A pensioner has a joint bank account operated with his\/her spouse in whose favour an authorization for family pension exists in the Pension Payment Order (PPO). On the death of the pensioner, his\/her spouse needs to approach the bank for commencement of family pension to him\/her. In this context, the requirement for submission of which one of the following information\/documents has been dispensed with by the Government?\",\r\n    options: [\"Written request to the bank for commencement of family pension\", \"A copy of the PPO\", \"An undertaking for recovery of excess payment\", \"Form 14 duly witnessed\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Where the spouse is already authorised in the PPO and holds a joint account, the requirement of submitting Form 14 (duly witnessed) has been dispensed with \u2014 a simple letter with the death certificate suffices. Hence Form 14.`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2019-20 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following details of a Government servant who retired before attaining the age of normal superannuation and has opted for commutation of his monthly pension:\\nMonthly pension: \u20b9 35,600\\nAge on next birthday: 60 years\\nCommutation factor: 8.287\\nPercentage of pension opted for commutation: 40%\\nThe commutation amount of pension payable to him in lump sum shall be\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b9 1,18,007\", \"\u20b9 14,16,083\", \"\u20b9 2,95,018\", \"\u20b9 4,27,200\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `CVP = (40% \u00d7 35,600) \u00d7 8.287 \u00d7 12 = 14,240 \u00d7 8.287 \u00d7 12 = \u20b914,16,082.5 \u2248 \u20b914,16,083. Hence (b).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following Government dues cannot be recovered from the Dearness Relief of a pensioner?\\n1. Balance of house building advance\\n2. Arrears of license fee\\n3. Overpayment of pay and allowances\\n4. Arrears of income tax deductible at source\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"1, 3, and 4 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Dearness Relief is not to be diverted to recover most dues; only licence fee (item 2, for retention of Government accommodation) may be adjusted. The HBA balance (1), overpayment of pay\/allowances (3) and income-tax arrears (4) cannot be recovered from DR. Hence \"1, 3 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"Under which of the following circumstances may the appropriate Appointing Authority withhold permission for a Government servant seeking retirement after completing 20 years of qualifying service?\\n1. If the Government servant is under suspension.\\n2. If a charge sheet has been issued and disciplinary proceedings are pending.\\n3. If judicial proceedings on charges, which may amount to grave misconduct, are pending.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"3 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 43(3): the appointing authority may withhold permission for VR where the officer is under suspension (1), a charge-sheet has been issued and disciplinary proceedings are pending (2), or judicial proceedings on grave-misconduct charges are pending (3). All three, hence \"1, 2 and 3.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Simplification of the procedure for the verification of service to prevent and reduce delays in the payment of retiral benefits to Government servants involves:\",\r\n    options: [\"Quarterly service verification\", \"Half-yearly service verification\", \"Annual service verification\", \"Biennial service verification\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `The simplified procedure requires ANNUAL verification of service (entries certified each year), avoiding a last-minute scramble at retirement. Hence annual.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following shall form part(s) of emoluments in the context of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\\n1. Pay drawn by a Government servant while on deputation to a State Government.\\n2. Pay drawn by a Government servant while on foreign service.\\n3. Pay drawn by a Government servant while on deputation to an ex-cadre post in another Department of the Government.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"3 only\", \"1 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 31(7): pay drawn on deputation to a STATE Government (1) or on FOREIGN service (2) is NOT emoluments \u2014 the notional Central pay is used instead. Only pay drawn on deputation to an ex-cadre post in ANOTHER Central Government Department (3) is treated as emoluments (Rule 31(6)). Hence \"3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 6, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"The minimum amount of family pension admissible to the family of a deceased Government servant shall not be less than:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b93,500 plus Dearness Relief (DR) thereon\", \"\u20b97,000 plus DR thereon\", \"\u20b99,000 plus DR thereon\", \"\u20b99,500 plus DR thereon\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 the minimum family pension is \u20b99,000 p.m. (plus DR). Hence \u20b99,000. (The older \u20b93,500 minimum was revised to \u20b99,000 by the 7th CPC.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 7, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 9: Dearness Relief\",\r\n    question: \"To which of the following categories is Dearness Relief on pension payable?\\n1. Family pensioners.\\n2. Persons drawing compassionate allowance.\\n3. Service pensioners.\\n4. Before re-employment under a State Government, the pensioner holding a post classified as Group 'A'.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `DR is payable to family pensioners (1), holders of compassionate allowance (2) and service pensioners (3). A RE-EMPLOYED Group 'A' pensioner is generally NOT entitled to DR during re-employment (item 4 excluded). Hence \"1, 2 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 8, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"For the purpose of fixation of pay in the re-employed post, the ignorable amount of pension is:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b94,000\", \"\u20b97,000\", \"\u20b99,000\", \"\u20b915,000\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `On re-employment of a pensioner, the first \u20b915,000 of pension is \"ignorable\" for the purpose of pay fixation in the re-employed post. Hence \u20b915,000.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, every Head of Department is required to prepare a list by the 15th day of every month, of all Government servants who are due to retire from that date, within the next:\",\r\n    options: [\"Six months\", \"Twelve months\", \"Fifteen months\", \"Eighteen months\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 55\/56: on the 15th of every month, the Head of Department prepares a list of Government servants due to retire within the next FIFTEEN months. Hence 15 months.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In terms of the provisions of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, regarding timely payment of retirement benefits to retiring employees, how many months prior to his retirement should a Government servant submit to his Head of Office, the forms for payment of retirement benefits?\",\r\n    options: [\"3 months\", \"5 months\", \"6 months\", \"8 months\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `The retiring Government servant submits the prescribed forms for retirement benefits to the Head of Office about 6 months before retirement. Hence 6 months.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"On entering the Government service, a Government servant is required to give details of his family to the Head of Office in:\",\r\n    options: [\"Form 3\", \"Form 4\", \"Form 5\", \"Form 7\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `On initial appointment, the family details\/nomination for gratuity are furnished in Form 3 (under the 2021 Rules, Rule 46). Hence Form 3.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"An amount equivalent to 12 times of emoluments is payable as death gratuity in the case of death of a Government servant while in service after completion of qualifying service of:\",\r\n    options: [\"One year or more but less than five years\", \"Five years or more but less than eleven years\", \"Eleven years or more but less than twenty years\", \"Twenty years or more\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Per the current (2021) death-gratuity table, 12\u00d7 emoluments applies to \"five years or more but less than eleven years\" (A2 split). Hence (b). (Under the OLD table this slab was \"5\u201320 years\" \u2014 see 2014 Q11.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding family pension:\\n1. Where a Government servant dies after completion of one year of continuous service, his family shall be entitled to family pension.\\n2. The amount of family pension shall be subject to a maximum of \u20b91.25 lakh per month, initially for a period of ten years, if the Government servant dies while in service.\\n3. A family pensioner, aged 84 years, shall be entitled to additional family pension at 30% of the basic pension.\\nWhich of the statements given above is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 50(1). 2 \u2713 \u2014 enhanced family pension (death in service) runs for 10 years, subject to max \u20b91,25,000 p.m. (Rule 50(2)(a)(iv)). 3 \u2717 \u2014 at 84 years the slab is 80\u2013<85 = 20% (30% starts at 85). Hence \"1 and 2 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Pension or gratuity of a pensioner may be withheld or withdrawn if he is found guilty of which of the following?\\n1. Any corrupt practices during service\\n2. Any misconduct in relation to the performance of official duty\\n3. Any misconduct whether resulting in pecuniary loss to the Government or otherwise\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Pension\/gratuity may be withheld\/withdrawn for grave misconduct or negligence \u2014 covering corrupt practices (1), misconduct in performance of official duty (2), and misconduct whether or not it caused pecuniary loss (3). All three, hence \"1, 2 and 3.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 15, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Who among the following has the powers to withhold a pension in the case of a pensioner who retired from a post for which an authority subordinate to the President is the Appointing Authority?\",\r\n    options: [\"The President\", \"The Union Public Service Commission\", \"The Secretary of the Administrative Ministry\/Department\", \"The Head of Department\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `P.Rule 8(1)(b) as amended (2022) (A3): for a post whose appointing authority is subordinate to the President, the competent authority to withhold pension is the Secretary of the Administrative Ministry\/Department. Hence (c). (For IA&AD it would be the CAG.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 16, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following shall entail forfeiture of the past service of a Government servant?\\n1. Dismissal from service\\n2. Resignation from a post other than on technical ground\\n3. Removal of a Government servant from a post\\n4. A Government servant permitted to be absorbed in a Corporation substantially owned by a State Government\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"2, 3, and 4 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Dismissal (1), a non-technical resignation (2) and removal (3) forfeit past service (Rule 23). Permitted ABSORPTION in a Corporation (4) is NOT forfeiture \u2014 the officer is deemed to retire and gets pensionary benefits for that service. Hence \"1, 2 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 17, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following shall count as qualifying service(s) under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\\n1. Leave during service for which leave salary is payable\\n2. Extraordinary leave granted on a medical certificate\\n3. Past service of a Government servant dismissed from service and subsequently reinstated on appeal and the interruption regularized as leave\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `All leave for which leave salary is payable counts (1 \u2713); EOL on a medical certificate counts (2 \u2713); and where a dismissed servant is reinstated on appeal with the interruption regularised as leave, the past service is restored and counts (3 \u2713). Hence \"1, 2 and 3.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 18, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 provide for payment of penal interest at the rate applicable to GPF deposits in respect of delayed payment of which of the following?\\n1. Pension\\n2. Gratuity\\n3. Leave encashment\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below.\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"1 and 2\", \"2 and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Penal (GPF-rate) interest for administrative delay is payable on both delayed PENSION and delayed GRATUITY. Leave encashment (3) is a separate benefit not covered under this pension-rules provision. Hence \"1 and 2.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 19, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The quantum of retirement gratuity admissible to a Government servant having retired with a qualifying service of 35 years shall be:\",\r\n    options: [\"16 \u00bd times of his emoluments\", \"17 \u00bd times of his emoluments\", \"16 times of his emoluments\", \"35 times of his emoluments\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Retirement gratuity = \u00bc emol per six-monthly period, max 16\u00bd\u00d7 (Rule 45(1)). 35 years' QS exceeds the cap, so gratuity = 16\u00bd\u00d7 emoluments. Hence (a).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 20, year: \"2019-20\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"Where commutation of pension of a Government servant was simultaneous with his retirement, the commuted portion of the pension shall be restored after how many years of his retirement?\",\r\n    options: [\"10 years\", \"12 years\", \"15 years\", \"20 years\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `COP.Rule 10-A: where commutation was simultaneous with retirement, the commuted portion is restored after 15 years. Hence 15 years.`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2021-22 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the application of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Confirmation will be made once in the service of an official, which will be in the entry grade\\n2. Confirmation is linked to the availability of permanent vacancy in the grade\\n3. An Officer who has successfully completed the probation may be considered for confirmation\\n4. The distinction between permanent and temporary employees for grant of pension and other pensionary benefits shall be maintained\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\", \"2, 3, and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 confirmation is made only ONCE, in the entry grade. 3 \u2713 \u2014 an officer who has completed probation may be considered for confirmation. 2 \u2717 \u2014 confirmation is now DE-LINKED from the availability of a permanent vacancy. 4 \u2717 \u2014 for pension there is NO distinction between permanent and temporary employees. Hence \"1 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"A family pensioner drawing a pension of \u20b930,000 per month turns 85 years old in August 2022. What is the amount of pension payable to her w.e.f. 15th August 2022?\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b932,500\", \"\u20b939,000\", \"\u20b936,000\", \"\u20b933,000\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `\u2705 CORRECTED (was index 0 \"\u20b932,500\" \u2192 now index 1 \"\u20b939,000\"). On completing 85 years the family pensioner enters the \"85\u2013<90\" slab \u2192 additional family pension = 30% of basic (Rule 50(3)): 30,000 \u00d7 1.30 = \u20b939,000. Also, additional pension is payable from the FIRST day of that calendar month (01.08.2022), not the 15th. The original \u20b932,500 corresponds to no slab and was an error.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the provisions for premature retirement from Government service:\\n1. No employee should ordinarily be retired on the ground of ineffectiveness if he would be retiring on superannuation within a period of one year from the date of consideration of his case\\n2. No show cause notice is necessary before a notice of premature retirement is issued\\n3. No representation can be made by a Government servant against the issue of the orders of premature retirement\\n4. Pension is admissible in addition to pay and allowances (including HRA and CCA) to the Government servant for the entire period in lieu of notice\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"4 only\", \"1, 3, and 4 only\", \"3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which are NOT correct. 1 \u2713correct, 2 \u2713correct (no prior show-cause needed for FR 56(j)), 4 \u2713correct. Statement 3 is NOT correct \u2014 a Government servant CAN make a representation against a premature-retirement order (there is a representation\/review mechanism). Hence \"3 only\" is the not-correct statement.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"Mr. 'X' joined in the office of the Principal AG, UP at Prayagraj on 15.04.2004 on the basis of results declared on 30.11.2003. The vacancies against which he was appointed occurred before 01.01.2004. Due to some unfortunate event, he died on 03.10.2019 after putting in 15 1\/2 years of service. The corpus accumulated in his NPS account was transferred to the Government. An eligible family member of the deceased Government servant exercised the option for coverage under CCS (Pension) Rules in terms of GOI, DOPPW OM dated 17.02.2020 which was allowed by the competent authority. Under the circumstances, what will be the amount accumulated in the NPS account of the deceased employee that will be payable to his nominee?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Total amount accumulated in Mr. 'X's NPS Account till the time of his death\",\r\n      \"Mr. 'X's contribution along with up-to-date interest calculated at the rates applicable to General Provident Fund from time to time\",\r\n      \"Mr. 'X's contribution plus increased value of subscription on account of appreciation of investments\",\r\n      \"Total contribution made by Mr. 'X' till the time of his death\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Where the family opts for benefits under the CCS (Pension) Rules (OM dated 17.02.2020), the NPS corpus is transferred to Government and family pension\/gratuity are paid under the Pension Rules. Only the EMPLOYEE's own contribution, together with interest at GPF rates, is refunded to the nominee (the Government's matching share and investment appreciation are retained\/adjusted). Hence (b).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant superannuates on 31.07.2022 with a qualifying service of 30 years 11 months. His pay details are as under:\\nBasic Pay as on 31.07.2022 = \u20b91,50,000\\nPersonal Pay drawn: \u20b94,000\\nAverage Emoluments during the last 10 months of his service: \u20b91,75,320\\nCommutation applied: Nil\\nWhat will be his basic pension?\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b987,230 per month\", \"\u20b990,000 per month\", \"\u20b91,00,000 per month\", \"\u20b987,660 per month\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Pension = 50% of emoluments OR average emoluments, whichever is MORE beneficial. Emoluments (basic pay) = \u20b91,50,000 \u2192 50% = \u20b975,000 (personal pay is not emoluments). Average emoluments = \u20b91,75,320 \u2192 50% = \u20b987,660. The higher (\u20b987,660) is taken. Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 6, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Who among the following shall be the competent authority for the final decision on the question of withholding\/withdrawal of pension\/gratuity in cases where the departmental proceedings were instituted under Rule 8 of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021 (or Rule 9 of CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972) and where the report in which its findings are recorded has not been submitted by the subordinate authority to the President so far?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"President of India in consultation with UPSC\",\r\n      \"President of India without consulting UPSC\",\r\n      \"Secretary of the Administrative Ministry\/Department concerned or CAG, as the case may be, in consultation with UPSC\",\r\n      \"Secretary of the Administrative Ministry\/Department concerned or CAG, as the case may be, without consulting UPSC\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Under the amended Rule 8 (2022) transitional position, where the subordinate authority's findings report has not yet gone to the President, the final decision vests in the Secretary of the Administrative Ministry\/Department (or CAG for IA&AD), and in such non-President cases UPSC consultation is NOT mandated (the UPSC-consultation proviso attaches to the President's own orders). Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 7, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 11: Determination and authorisation of the amount of family pension and gratuity in respect of a Government servant who dies or goes missing while in service\",\r\n    question: \"As per the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, which of the following statements is\/are not correct regarding the payment of family pension and death gratuity when a Government servant dies or goes missing while on deputation?\\n1. While on deputation to another Central Government Department, action to authorize family pension and gratuity in accordance with the pension rules shall be taken by the Head of Office of the borrowing Department.\\n2. While on deputation to a State Government, action to authorize family pension and gratuity in accordance with the rules shall be taken by the Head of Office of the borrowing Department.\\n3. While on deputation to a foreign service, action to authorize family pension and gratuity in accordance with the rules shall be taken by the Cadre Authority which sanctioned the deputation.\\n4. While on deputation to a foreign service, action to authorize family pension and gratuity in accordance with the rules shall be taken by the Head of Office of the borrowing Department.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 only\", \"2 and 4 only\", \"3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which are NOT correct. For deputation to a STATE Government or to FOREIGN service, the action is taken by the LENDING\/parent department (or the cadre authority that sanctioned the deputation), NOT the borrowing department. So statement 2 (state deputation \u2192 borrowing dept) and statement 4 (foreign service \u2192 borrowing dept) are incorrect. Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Hence \"2 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 8, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"The maximum amount of family pension per month that can be granted under the Central Civil Service (Pension) Rules, 2021 in the case of a Central Government servant is:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b921,25,000\", \"\u20b925,000\", \"\u20b975,000\", \"\u20b970,000\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Normal (ordinary) family pension is capped at \u20b975,000 p.m. (30% of the highest pay \u20b92,50,000) \u2014 Rule 50(2)(a)(i). (The enhanced rate can go up to \u20b91,25,000, but the \"maximum family pension\" in the ordinary sense is \u20b975,000.) Hence \u20b975,000.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant on completion of twenty years' qualifying service plans to take voluntary retirement. As per rules, he has requested the appropriate administrative authority to issue a certificate regarding the completion of qualifying service of twenty years on the intended date of retirement. In how many days does the administrative authority have to issue the certificate, beyond which the Government servant can give the notice of voluntary retirement without the said certificate?\",\r\n    options: [\"07 days\", \"15 days\", \"30 days\", \"60 days\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `First proviso to Rule 43(1): the certificate must be issued within FIFTEEN days; if not, the servant may give the VR notice without it. Hence 15 days. (Note: the 2025 paper's \"30 days\" for the same point is an error \u2014 see 2025 Q49.)`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"In the context of Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021, which one of the following statements regarding emoluments is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Stagnation increment shall be treated as emoluments for calculation of retirement benefits.\",\r\n      \"Non-Practicing Allowance granted to a medical officer in lieu of private practice is included in emoluments.\",\r\n      \"Pay drawn by a Government servant while on deputation to a State Government or while on foreign service shall be treated as emoluments.\",\r\n      \"Where a Government servant immediately before his retirement or death while in service, was on leave and earned an increment which was not withheld, such increment, though not actually drawn, shall form part of his emoluments.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Statement (c) is NOT correct: pay drawn on deputation to a STATE Government or on FOREIGN service is expressly NOT treated as emoluments \u2014 the notional Central pay is used instead (Rule 31(7)). Statements (a), (b) and (d) correctly state the rule. Hence (c).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In which of the following circumstances, a person, who has a claim to receive his share of gratuity after the death of a Government servant, is debarred from receiving his share of gratuity?\\n1. The person is charged with the offense of murdering the Government servant.\\n2. The person is charged with the offense of abetting in the murder of the Government servant.\\n3. The person is convicted for the murder or abetting in the murder of the Government servant.\\n4. The person is charged with the offense of abetting in the death of the Government servant by suicide.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"2 only\", \"3 only\", \"3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 48: a claimant is DEBARRED (his share is not paid) only on CONVICTION for murdering or abetting the murder of the Government servant (3). Where merely CHARGED (1, 2, 4), the share is kept in ABEYANCE pending the outcome, not forfeited. Hence \"3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"What is the rate of death gratuity payable to the family of a Government servant who dies while in service with a length of qualifying service of 11 years?\",\r\n    options: [\"6 times of emoluments\", \"12 times of emoluments\", \"20 times of emoluments\", \"Half of emoluments for every completed six-monthly period of qualifying service, subject to a maximum of 33 times of emoluments\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Per the current (2021) table (A2), \"11 years or more but less than 20 years\" = 20\u00d7 emoluments. QS 11 years falls in this slab. Hence 20 times.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Mr. 'X' was initially appointed on 15th December, 2001, in an autonomous body under the Central Government having a non-contributory pension scheme similar to CCS (Pension) Rules. After acceptance of his resignation from the said autonomous body, he was subsequently appointed with proper permission to a service\/post in the Central Government to which CCS (Pension) Rules apply. Under which one of the following conditions will the service rendered by Mr. 'X' in the autonomous body not count as qualifying service for pension?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"His appointment in the Central Government is followed without interruption by substantive appointment.\",\r\n      \"He was drawing a separate pension from the said autonomous body for the service rendered in that body before acceptance of resignation.\",\r\n      \"The pension liability is discharged by the said autonomous body by paying in lump sum the amount of pension or service gratuity and retirement gratuity for the service rendered in the Autonomous body.\",\r\n      \"It is mentioned in the order of the Autonomous body that Mr. 'X' is resigning to join the post in the Government with its proper permission.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Where the autonomous-body service is separately pensioned (Mr. 'X' already draws a distinct pension from that body), that service CANNOT be double-counted as qualifying service in the Central Government. Hence condition (b) is the one under which the AB service will NOT count.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"When is a Head of Office required to determine the qualifying service in consultation with the Accounts Officer and communicate the same to the Government servant in Format 4 in terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"On each occasion after a Government servant has completed 18 years of service and on his being left with 5 years before the date of superannuation.\",\r\n      \"On each occasion after a Government servant has completed 20 years of service and on his being left with 5 years before the date of superannuation.\",\r\n      \"On each occasion after a Government servant has completed 15 years of service and on his being left with 10 years before the date of superannuation.\",\r\n      \"On each occasion after a Government servant has completed 25 years of service and on his being left with 5 years before the date of superannuation.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Rule 30: qualifying service is verified and communicated (in Format 4) on completion of 18 years of service AND again when 5 years are left before superannuation. Hence (a).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 15, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"As per CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, the additional family pension payable to a family pensioner whose age is 92 years is:\",\r\n    options: [\"20% of basic family pension\", \"30% of basic family pension\", \"40% of basic family pension\", \"50% of basic family pension\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `At 92 years (90\u2013<95 slab) additional family pension = 40% of basic family pension (Rule 50(3)). Hence 40%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 16, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following types of leave shall be counted as qualifying service, subject to the approval of the appointing authority, as per the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\\n1. All leave during service for which leave salary is payable.\\n2. Extraordinary Leave (EOL) on a medical certificate.\\n3. EOL due to inability to join or re-join duty on account of civil commotion.\\n4. EOL for prosecuting higher scientific and technical studies.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Leave with leave salary counts (1); EOL counts as QS where it is on a medical certificate (2), or is due to inability to join on account of civil commotion (3), or is for higher scientific\/technical studies (4). All four qualify \u2014 but note the marked key \"1, 2 and 3\": item 4 (higher-studies EOL) also qualifies under the rule, so many keys treat all four as correct. Read the EOL-counting exceptions together.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 17, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"Under the National Pension System (NPS), the monthly contribution by the Government servant appointed on or after 01.01.2004 would be:\",\r\n    options: [\"14% of the Basic Pay\", \"14% of the Basic Pay + DA\", \"10% of the Basic Pay\", \"10% of the Basic Pay + DA\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `The EMPLOYEE's mandatory NPS contribution = 10% of (Basic Pay + DA). Hence (d). \u26a0\ufe0f Note (A4): the GOVERNMENT's matching contribution was raised from 10% to 14% of (Basic Pay + DA) w.e.f. 01.04.2019 \u2014 but the employee's own share remains 10%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 18, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"The Government employees who prefer a fixed return with a minimum amount of risk have an option to invest funds in Government securities (Scheme G) to the extent of:\",\r\n    options: [\"25%\", \"50%\", \"75%\", \"100%\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Under the NPS choice available to Government subscribers, one may invest up to 100% in Government securities (Scheme G) for a low-risk, fixed-return profile. Hence 100%.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 19, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"The exit regulations provide that in the event of premature exit before 60 years\/superannuation by the National Pension System (NPS) Subscriber, the accumulated corpus can be withdrawn in lump sum if the corpus is equal to or below:\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b91.5 lakhs\", \"\u20b92 lakhs\", \"\u20b92.5 lakhs\", \"\u20b95 lakhs\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `On PREMATURE exit, if the accumulated corpus is \u2264 \u20b92.5 lakh, the entire amount may be withdrawn as a lump sum (no annuitisation required). Hence \u20b92.5 lakhs.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 20, year: \"2021-22\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"In which of the following cases would subscription to the National Pension System (NPS) not be payable by the NPS Subscriber?\\n1. While under suspension\\n2. Period of Half Pay Leave (HPL)\\n3. Period covered under Foreign Service\\n4. Period under Extraordinary Leave (EOL)\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 3, and 4 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `NPS contribution is not deducted where there is no pay to base it on \u2014 i.e., during SUSPENSION (1) and EXTRAORDINARY LEAVE (4). During HPL (2) and Foreign Service (3), contributions continue (on the leave salary\/foreign-service pay). Hence \"1 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  \/\/================================= 2023 =================================\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 10: Determination and authorisation of the amounts of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of withholding of pension\/gratuity to Government servants under CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Provisional pension shall be authorized to a retiring Government servant against whom departmental proceedings are contemplated but have not actually been instituted.\\n2. Wherever on conclusion of departmental proceedings against a Government servant, the amount of pension finally sanctioned is less than the provisional pension being paid to him, recovery shall be made from the pensioner in installments.\\n3. In case of recovery of pecuniary loss from pension, it shall not ordinarily be made at a rate exceeding one-third of the pension admissible on the date of retirement of a Government servant.\\n4. If at the time of the retirement of a Government servant, judicial proceedings had been instituted against him, no gratuity shall be paid to him until the conclusion of those proceedings and issue of final orders thereon.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, and 3\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"2 and 4 only\", \"3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `3 \u2713 \u2014 Rule 8(6): recovery of pecuniary loss from pension shall not ordinarily exceed one-third of pension. 4 \u2713 \u2014 where judicial proceedings were instituted before retirement, gratuity is withheld until they conclude. 1 \u2717 \u2014 full (not just provisional) pension is authorised where proceedings are only \"contemplated\" but NOT instituted; provisional pension is for cases where proceedings ARE pending. 2 \u2717 \u2014 where final pension is less, the EXCESS provisional pension paid is generally NOT recovered. Hence \"3 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Time passed by a Government servant under suspension pending inquiry into conduct shall be counted as qualifying service where, on conclusion of such inquiry, he has been fully exonerated and no minor or major penalty is awarded to him.\\n2. Dismissal or removal of a Government servant from service shall entail forfeiture of his past service.\\n3. A resignation shall not entail forfeiture of past service if it has been submitted to take up, with proper permission, another permanent employment under the Government where service qualifies.\\n4. A Government employee shall forfeit his past service on resignation from a post to take up a temporary appointment under the Government where service qualifies, despite getting prior approval for the same.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"2 and 3 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 suspension counts as QS where the officer is fully exonerated. 2 \u2713 \u2014 dismissal\/removal forfeits past service (Rule 23). 3 \u2713 \u2014 a technical resignation (to take another qualifying post with permission) does NOT forfeit service. 4 \u2717 \u2014 a technical resignation to take up another qualifying appointment (even temporary) WITH prior approval does NOT forfeit past service, so statement 4 is wrong. Hence \"1, 2 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 5: Classes of pensions and conditions governing their grant\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the grant of Compassionate Allowance in terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Compassionate Allowance should not exceed two-thirds of pension or gratuity or both which would have been admissible to an individual if he had retired on superannuation pension.\\n2. Where the misconduct on the part of the charged officer leads to the inference that his service has been dishonest, Compassionate Allowance may not be sanctioned.\\n3. Compassionate Allowance cannot be commuted as it is in the nature of a relief to the Government servant.\\n4. A Government servant in receipt of Compassionate Allowance is eligible for reliefs in pension granted from time to time.\\nWhich of the statements given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"4 only\", \"3 only\", \"2, 3, and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which is NOT correct. 1 \u2713 \u2014 \u2154 ceiling (Rule 41). 2 \u2713 \u2014 dishonest service may bar it. 4 \u2713 \u2014 DR\/reliefs apply to compassionate allowance. 3 is NOT correct \u2014 compassionate allowance CAN be commuted (it is a \"class of pension\" and commutable, though a medical exam is needed). Hence \"3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"In the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, a pensioner who has not commuted any part of his pension is drawing a total pension of \u20b918,000. He shall attain 85 years of age next year. How much total pension will he be entitled to draw on attaining the age of 85 years?\",\r\n    options: [\"\u20b923,400\", \"\u20b918,720\", \"\u20b919,500\", \"\u20b921,600\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `\u2705 CORRECTED (was index 3 \"\u20b921,600\" \u2192 now index 0 \"\u20b923,400\"). On attaining 85 years (85\u2013<90 slab) the additional pension = 30% of basic pension (Rule 44(6)). Total = 18,000 + (30% \u00d7 18,000 = 5,400) = \u20b923,400. The original \u20b921,600 used a 20% add (the 80\u2013<85 slab); at exactly 85 the correct rate is 30% \u2192 \u20b923,400.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the payment of Death-cum-Retirement Gratuity in terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. Nomination made by an unmarried Government servant in favor of any member of his family shall become invalid on his or her marriage.\\n2. Where a Government servant has only one member in his or her family and a nomination has been made in his favor, it will be open to the Government servant to nominate any person or a body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, as alternate nominee or nominees.\\n3. If a person eligible to receive gratuity in the event of the death of a Government servant by murder while in service is charged with abetment to murder, his claim to receive his share of gratuity shall remain suspended till the conclusion of criminal proceedings instituted against him.\\n4. Share of a nominee who dies before receiving the amount of gratuity will lapse to the Government.\\nWhich of the statement(s) given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"4 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which is NOT correct. 1 \u2713, 2 \u2713, 3 \u2713 (claim kept in abeyance\/suspended pending outcome). 4 is NOT correct \u2014 where a nominee dies before receiving the gratuity, that share does NOT lapse to Government; it is redistributed among the surviving nominees\/family. Hence \"4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 6, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the admissibility of Family Pension to disabled children of a deceased Government servant:\\n1. Family pension is admissible for life to a son or daughter who is suffering from a mental or physical disability that renders him or her unable to earn a living even after attaining the age of 25 years, subject to certain conditions.\\n2. Disability should have existed before the death of the Government servant or pensioner and his or her spouse.\\n3. Marriage by a child suffering from such a disability shall render him or her ineligible for family pension.\\n4. The family pension in the case of a physically disabled son or daughter shall be paid through their guardian even when he or she attains the age of majority.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 2 only\", \"1, 2, and 4 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 lifelong family pension for a disabled child unable to earn a living. 2 \u2713 \u2014 the disability must have existed before death of the servant\/pensioner and spouse. 3 \u2713 \u2014 marriage of a MENTALLY-disabled child affects eligibility (and family pension ceases in specified circumstances). 4 \u2717 \u2014 a PHYSICALLY-disabled child who is a major and able to manage his affairs is paid DIRECTLY, not through a guardian (guardianship applies to mental disability\/minority). Hence \"1, 2 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 7, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 8: Family pension\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the admissibility of family pension under CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. A widow who gives birth to an illegitimate child shall continue to draw family pension.\\n2. The eldest surviving son of a deceased Government servant who is eligible to draw family pension can give his consent in writing to forego his claim in favor of his younger brother.\\n3. The husband of a deceased Government servant having another living wife at the time of the death of the Government servant is not eligible to draw family pension.\\n4. In the event of death of a family pensioner, the arrears of family pension are payable to an eligible member of the family next in line.\\nWhich of the statements given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, and 4 only\", \"2 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which are NOT correct. 3 \u2713correct (that statement is a true rule). The NOT-correct ones: 1 \u2014 a widow's family pension is NOT automatically continued in the manner stated; 2 \u2014 family pension follows the prescribed ORDER; an eligible person cannot simply \"consent to forego in favour of a younger brother\"; 4 \u2014 arrears of a deceased family pensioner are paid per the succession\/nomination scheme, not simply to \"the next in line.\" Hence the not-correct set is \"1, 2 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 8, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 2: General Conditions\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding permission for commercial employment after retirement in the context of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. If a pensioner, who immediately before his retirement was a member of Central Services Group A, wishes to accept any commercial employment before the expiry of one year from the date of his retirement, he shall obtain the previous sanction of the Government.\\n2. A Government servant shall not negotiate for commercial employment during service without prior permission of the Administrative Ministry or Department.\\n3. While granting permission, the Government shall see whether the officer has been privy to any sensitive information in the last five years of his service which is directly related to the areas of interest of the organization which he proposes to join.\\n4. For employment with a University immediately after retirement, no prior permission is required.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, 3, and 4\", \"1, 2, and 4 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"1 and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 Group 'A' pensioner needs prior sanction for commercial employment within one year (Rule 26). 2 \u2713 \u2014 no negotiating for commercial employment during service without permission. 4 \u2713 \u2014 employment with a University (non-commercial) does not need prior permission. 3 \u2717 \u2014 the \"sensitive information\" look-back period considered is the LAST TWO years (not five). Hence \"1, 2 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 3: Qualifying Service\",\r\n    question: \"An Appointing Authority may permit a person to withdraw his resignation in public interest. What is the maximum period of absence from duty that can be allowed between the date on which resignation becomes effective and the date on which the person is allowed to resume duty, as a result of permission to withdraw resignation, in terms of the CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021?\",\r\n    options: [\"30 days\", \"60 days\", \"90 days\", \"120 days\"],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: `Withdrawal of resignation in public interest can be permitted only if the period of absence between the effective date of resignation and resumption of duty does not exceed 90 days. Hence 90 days.`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 4: Emoluments and Average Emoluments\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding 'emoluments' in terms of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021:\\n1. 'Emoluments' for the purpose of fixation of pension shall mean basic pay which a Government servant was drawing immediately before his retirement but will exclude Non-Practicing Allowance.\\n2. Stagnation increment shall not be treated as emoluments for the calculation of retirement benefits.\\n3. Where a Government servant immediately before his retirement or death while in service, was on leave, and earned an increment which was not withheld, such increment, though not actually drawn, shall form part of the emoluments.\\n4. Pay drawn by a Government servant while on deputation to a State Government shall not be treated as emoluments but the pay which he would have drawn under the Central Government, had he not been on deputation to the State Government, shall alone be treated as emoluments.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 4 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"2, 3, and 4 only\", \"2 and 3 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2717 \u2014 emoluments INCLUDE NPA (so \"exclude NPA\" is wrong). 2 \u2717 \u2014 stagnation increment IS treated as emoluments. 3 \u2713 \u2014 an increment earned on leave (not withheld), though not drawn, forms part of emoluments. 4 \u2713 \u2014 pay on deputation to a State Government is not emoluments; the notional Central pay is used (Rule 31(7)). Hence \"3 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 6: Premature Retirement and Voluntary Retirement\",\r\n    question: \"A Government servant who has completed 20 years of qualifying service will be entitled to retiring pension if he takes voluntary retirement from service by giving a notice of three months in writing to the appointing authority. In this context, consider the following statements:\\n1. Before accepting the notice for voluntary retirement and passing orders in this regard, the appointing authority shall satisfy itself that the Government servant has completed the qualifying service of twenty years.\\n2. A Government servant who opts for voluntary retirement after rendering a service of nineteen years and nine months will be deemed to have completed twenty years of qualifying service.\\n3. If a Government servant gives notice of voluntary retirement when he is on leave not due, the retirement shall take effect from the date of commencement of leave not due.\\n4. In case a Government servant applies for voluntary retirement while already on extraordinary leave on medical grounds, the notice period need not be insisted upon and his request may be accepted with immediate effect, provided he is clear from the vigilance angle.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1, 2, and 3 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 the appointing authority must be satisfied 20 years is complete (Rule 43(1) 2nd proviso). 2 \u2717 \u2014 the \"3-months-and-above = completed six-monthly period\" rounding is EXPRESSLY NOT applicable to Rule 43; 19y9m is NOT deemed 20 years. 3 \u2713 \u2014 VR on leave not due takes effect from the date of commencement of the LND. 4 \u2014 while there is relaxation of notice in certain situations, the marked key treats statement 4 as not among the correct pair; the intended answer is \"1 and 4 only.\" Focus on 1 (must complete 20 yrs) and 4 (notice may be relaxed on EOL-medical, subject to vigilance clearance).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CH 7: Regulation of pension and gratuity\",\r\n    question: \"The death gratuity rate payable to the family of a Government servant who dies while in service with 20 years or more of qualifying service, under CCS (Payment of Gratuity under NPS) Rules, 2021, is:\",\r\n    options: [\"12 times the emoluments\", \"15 times the emoluments\", \"20 times the emoluments\", \"1\/2 of emoluments for every completed six-month period of qualifying service, subject to a maximum of thirty-three times the emoluments\"],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: `Grat.Rule 22(2) (NPS gratuity, mirroring Rule 45): for QS of \"20 years or more,\" death gratuity = \u00bd emoluments per completed six-monthly period, max 33\u00d7 (and subject to the \u20b925L ceiling \u2014 A1). Hence (d).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"Mr. 'X', a pensioner, had 40% of his monthly pension commuted in the first year of his retirement. Restoration of the commuted amount of his pension shall be due in December 2023 upon completion of 15 years of commutation. Which of the following actions would Mr. 'X' require to take in this regard?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Mr. 'X' is required to apply to the Pension Payment Order issuing authority.\",\r\n      \"He is required to apply to his Pension Disbursing Authority.\",\r\n      \"He is required to apply to his Head of Office.\",\r\n      \"He is required to apply to the Pension Payment Order issuing authority through his Head of Office.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Restoration of the commuted portion after 15 years is done by the Pension Disbursing Authority (the bank\/treasury paying the pension) \u2014 the pensioner applies to his PDA. Hence (b).`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following actions are required to be taken by a subscriber to reactivate his National Pension System (NPS) account frozen due to his failure to contribute at least the minimum contributions of \u20b96,000 in a financial year?\\n1. Deposit the minimum contributions of the last financial years when the account was frozen.\\n2. Deposit \u20b9100 as a penalty.\\n3. Deposit a minimum contribution of \u20b9500.\\n4. Submit an unfreeze request.\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\"2, 3, and 4 only\", \"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\", \"1, 2, 3, and 4\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `To unfreeze a frozen NPS (Tier-I) account the subscriber deposits a penalty of \u20b9100 (2), makes a minimum contribution of \u20b9500 (3), and submits an unfreeze request (4). Depositing the entire arrears of ALL frozen years (1) is not required for reactivation. Hence \"2, 3 and 4 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 15, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the application of CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021, to a Central Government Civil employee who was appointed against a post\/vacancy that was advertised\/notified for recruitment\/appointment prior to the date of notification for the National Pension System, i.e., 22.12.2003, and joined service after 01.01.2004:\\n1. He shall be mandatorily covered under the National Pension System (NPS).\\n2. He shall be automatically covered under CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972 (now 2021).\\n3. He shall be required to exercise a one-time option to be covered under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972 (now 2021).\\n4. Based on the option exercised by the Government servant, his case will be placed before his appointing authority.\\nWhich of the statements given above is\/are not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"1 and 2 only\", \"3 and 4 only\", \"2 only\"],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: `Asks which are NOT correct. Where the post\/vacancy was advertised BEFORE 22.12.2003 but the employee joined after 01.01.2004, he gets a ONE-TIME OPTION to come under the old Pension Rules (3 \u2713), and his case goes to the appointing authority (4 \u2713). So statement 1 (mandatorily under NPS) and statement 2 (AUTOMATICALLY under Pension Rules) are both wrong \u2014 it is optional, not automatic. Hence \"1 and 2 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 16, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements in the context of CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981:\\n1. Additional pension becoming due as a result of revision qualifies for commutation.\\n2. In a particular case, the revised authority for pension was issued on 29.01.2022, although the pensioner got the benefit of revised pension with effect from 01.02.2020. In this case, the commutation of additional pension shall also be admissible from 01.02.2020.\\n3. A Government servant to whom, pending assessment of final pension, provisional pension has been sanctioned under Rule 64 of the Pension Rules, shall not be eligible to commute a fraction of such provisional pension.\\nWhich of the statements given above is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"2 only\", \"1, 2, and 3\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `1 \u2713 \u2014 the additional pension arising on revision qualifies for commutation (COP.Rule 10). 2 \u2717 \u2014 commutation of the additional pension is admissible from the DATE OF ISSUE of the revised authority (29.01.2022), not from the effective date of revision (01.02.2020). 3 \u2717 \u2014 a provisional-pension holder CAN commute a fraction of the provisional pension (up to 40%). Hence \"1 only.\"`\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 17, year: \"2023\", chapter: \"National Pension System (NPS)\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding withdrawals from National Pension System (NPS):\\n1. An NPS subscriber is permitted to withdraw accumulations not exceeding 25% of the contribution made by him or her and standing to his or her credit in the individual pension account, as on the date of application for withdrawal.\\n2. An NPS subscriber is permitted to withdraw accumulations not exceeding 25% of the total contribution including the contributions made by the employer and standing to his or her credit in the individual pension account, as on the date of application for withdrawal.\\n3. The permitted withdrawal from NPS shall be allowed only if the subscriber has been in the NPS at least for a period of three years from the date of his or her joining.\\n4. A subscriber shall be allowed to withdraw only a maximum of four times during the entire tenure of subscription under the NPS.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\"1 and 3 only\", \"1 and 4 only\", \"2 and 3 only\", \"2, 3 and 4 only\"],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: `Partial withdrawal from NPS is capped at 25% of the SUBSCRIBER'S OWN contributions (not employer's) \u2014 so statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is wrong. It is allowed only after 3 years in NPS (3 \u2713). The subscriber may make up to THREE partial withdrawals in the entire tenure (not four) \u2014 so statement 4 is wrong. Hence \"1 and 3 only.\"`\r\n  }\r\n];\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ STATE\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nlet initDone = false;\r\nlet currentMode = 'all';\r\nlet currentFilter = null;\r\nlet filteredQuestions = [...allQuestions];\r\nlet currentQuestionIndex = 0;\r\nlet selectedOption = null;\r\nlet answerChecked = false;\r\nlet sessionStats = { attempted: 0, correct: 0, incorrect: 0 };\r\nlet sessionStartTs = Date.now();\r\nlet sessionAnswers = {};\r\nlet progress = { questionStats: {}, weakAreas: [], lastQuestionId: null, lastMode: 'all', lastFilter: null, attemptLog: [] };\r\n\r\nconst $id = (x) => document.getElementById(x);\r\nconst CHAPTERS = [...new Set(allQuestions.map(q => q.chapter))];\r\nconst YEARS = [...new Set(allQuestions.map(q => q.year))];\r\n\/\/ Case-insensitive helpers: work for \"Ch 1:\", \"CH 1:\", \"ch 1:\" alike.\r\nconst chShort = (c) => c.replace(\/^CH\\s*(\\d+):.*$\/i, 'CH $1').replace('ANNEXURE\/Appendices', 'Annexures').replace('Manual of Procurement', 'Manual of Proc.');\r\nconst chFull = (c) => { const m = c.match(\/^CH\\s*\\d+:\\s*(.+)$\/i); return m ? m[1] : c; };\r\n\/\/ One label, printed once (fixes the earlier \"name: name\" doubling).\r\nconst chLabel = (c) => \/^CH\\s*\\d+:\/i.test(c) ? (chShort(c) + ': ' + chFull(c)) : c;\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ PERSISTENCE (localStorage)\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction loadProgress() {\r\n    try {\r\n        const saved = localStorage.getItem('quiz_progress_' + quizConfig.quizId);\r\n        if (saved) {\r\n            const p = JSON.parse(saved);\r\n            progress = Object.assign(progress, p);\r\n            if (!progress.questionStats) progress.questionStats = {};\r\n            if (!Array.isArray(progress.weakAreas)) progress.weakAreas = [];\r\n            if (!Array.isArray(progress.attemptLog)) progress.attemptLog = [];\r\n        }\r\n    } catch (e) { console.warn('Progress load failed', e); }\r\n}\r\nfunction saveProgress() {\r\n    try {\r\n        if (progress.attemptLog.length > 500) progress.attemptLog = progress.attemptLog.slice(-500);\r\n        localStorage.setItem('quiz_progress_' + quizConfig.quizId, JSON.stringify(progress));\r\n    } catch (e) { console.warn('Progress save failed', e); }\r\n}\r\nfunction getQStat(qid) {\r\n    if (!progress.questionStats[qid]) progress.questionStats[qid] = { correct: 0, incorrect: 0, lastAttempt: null, lastCorrect: null };\r\n    return progress.questionStats[qid];\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ TOAST\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nlet toastTimer = null;\r\nfunction showToast(msg, type) {\r\n    const t = $id('warningToast');\r\n    $id('toastMessage').textContent = msg;\r\n    t.classList.toggle('success', type === 'success');\r\n    t.classList.add('show');\r\n    clearTimeout(toastTimer);\r\n    toastTimer = setTimeout(() => t.classList.remove('show'), 2600);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ TAB NAVIGATION\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction switchView(view) {\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('.gfr-portal .gp-tab').forEach(b => b.classList.toggle('active', b.dataset.view === view));\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('.gfr-portal .gp-view').forEach(v => v.classList.toggle('active', v.id === 'view-' + view));\r\n    if (view === 'analytics') renderAnalytics();\r\n    if (view === 'performance') renderAI();\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ MODE \/ FILTERS\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction setMode(mode, filter) {\r\n    currentMode = mode;\r\n    currentFilter = filter || null;\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('.gfr-portal .mode-tab').forEach(t => t.classList.toggle('active', t.dataset.mode === mode));\r\n    $id('yearFilterCard').style.display = (mode === 'year') ? '' : 'none';\r\n    $id('chapterFilterCard').style.display = (mode === 'chapter') ? '' : 'none';\r\n    $id('weakAreasCard').style.display = (mode === 'weak') ? '' : 'none';\r\n    applyFilters();\r\n    progress.lastMode = mode; progress.lastFilter = currentFilter; saveProgress();\r\n}\r\nfunction applyFilters() {\r\n    if (currentMode === 'all') filteredQuestions = [...allQuestions];\r\n    else if (currentMode === 'year') filteredQuestions = currentFilter ? allQuestions.filter(q => q.year === currentFilter) : [...allQuestions];\r\n    else if (currentMode === 'chapter') filteredQuestions = currentFilter ? allQuestions.filter(q => q.chapter === currentFilter) : [...allQuestions];\r\n    else if (currentMode === 'weak') {\r\n        filteredQuestions = allQuestions.filter(q => progress.weakAreas.includes(q.id));\r\n        if (!filteredQuestions.length) { showToast('No weak areas yet \u2014 great going!', 'success'); filteredQuestions = [...allQuestions]; setMode('all'); return; }\r\n    }\r\n    currentQuestionIndex = 0;\r\n    sessionStats = { attempted: 0, correct: 0, incorrect: 0 };\r\n    sessionStartTs = Date.now();\r\n    sessionAnswers = {};\r\n    renderFilters(); renderGrid(); loadQuestion(); updateStats();\r\n}\r\nfunction renderFilters() {\r\n    $id('yearList').innerHTML = YEARS.map(y => {\r\n        const n = allQuestions.filter(q => q.year === y).length;\r\n        return '<div class=\"filter-item' + (currentMode === 'year' && currentFilter === y ? ' active' : '') + '\" data-year=\"' + y + '\"><span class=\"filter-text\">' + y + '<\/span><span class=\"filter-count\">' + n + '<\/span><\/div>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n    $id('chapterList').innerHTML = CHAPTERS.map(c => {\r\n        const n = allQuestions.filter(q => q.chapter === c).length;\r\n        return '<div class=\"filter-item' + (currentMode === 'chapter' && currentFilter === c ? ' active' : '') + '\" data-chapter=\"' + encodeURIComponent(c) + '\" title=\"' + c + '\"><span class=\"filter-text\">' + chLabel(c) + '<\/span><span class=\"filter-count\">' + n + '<\/span><\/div>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n    renderWeakList();\r\n}\r\nfunction renderWeakList() {\r\n    const list = $id('weakQuestionList');\r\n    const weak = allQuestions.filter(q => progress.weakAreas.includes(q.id));\r\n    list.innerHTML = weak.length ? weak.map(q => {\r\n        const s = getQStat(q.id);\r\n        return '<div class=\"weak-question-item\" data-goto=\"' + q.id + '\"><span class=\"q-num\">Q' + q.id + '<\/span><span class=\"q-text\">' + q.question.replace(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/gi, ' ').substring(0, 60) + '\u2026<\/span><span class=\"wrong-count\">' + s.incorrect + '\u2717<\/span><\/div>';\r\n    }).join('') : '<p style=\"font-size:12.5px;color:var(--mut);text-align:center;padding:14px 4px;\">No weak areas. Keep practising!<\/p>';\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ QUESTION RENDERING\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction loadQuestion() {\r\n    const q = filteredQuestions[currentQuestionIndex];\r\n    if (!q) {\r\n        $id('questionText').innerHTML = '<b>No questions loaded yet.<\/b> Paste your MCQ objects into the <code>allQuestions<\/code> array in this file (format documented at the array) and reload.';\r\n        $id('optionsList').innerHTML = '';\r\n        $id('questionNumber').textContent = 'Question 0 of 0';\r\n        return;\r\n    }\r\n    selectedOption = null; answerChecked = false;\r\n    $id('questionNumber').textContent = 'Question ' + (currentQuestionIndex + 1) + ' of ' + filteredQuestions.length;\r\n    $id('currentQuestionYear').textContent = q.year;\r\n    $id('currentQuestionChapter').textContent = chLabel(q.chapter);\r\n    $id('weakBadge').style.display = progress.weakAreas.includes(q.id) ? '' : 'none';\r\n    $id('questionText').innerHTML = formatQuestion(q);\r\n    $id('explanationBox').classList.remove('show');\r\n    renderOptions(q);\r\n    renderMastery(q);\r\n    const prior = sessionAnswers[q.id];\r\n    if (prior !== undefined) revealAnswer(q, prior, true);\r\n    $id('prevBtn').disabled = currentQuestionIndex === 0;\r\n    $id('nextBtn').disabled = currentQuestionIndex === filteredQuestions.length - 1;\r\n    $id('checkBtn').disabled = prior !== undefined;\r\n    renderGrid();\r\n    progress.lastQuestionId = q.id; saveProgress();\r\n    if (initDone && window.innerWidth <= 900) {\r\n        const p = document.querySelector('.gfr-portal .question-panel');\r\n        if (p) p.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'start' });\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\/\/ UPSC exam-paper formatting: numbered statements get their own spaced rows,\r\n\/\/ the \"Select the correct answer \/ Which of the above\" lead sits on its own line.\r\n\/\/ Splits on BOTH \"\\n\" and \"<br>\" so either style works in pasted data.\r\nfunction formatQuestion(q) {\r\n    const parts = q.question.split(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/i);\r\n    let html = '<span class=\"q-stem\"><b>Q' + q.id + '.<\/b> ' + (parts[0] || '') + '<\/span>';\r\n    for (let i = 1; i < parts.length; i++) {\r\n        const seg = parts[i].trim();\r\n        if (!seg) continue;\r\n        const m = seg.match(\/^(\\d+)\\.\\s*(.*)$\/s);\r\n        if (m) html += '<span class=\"q-stmt\"><span class=\"sn\">' + m[1] + '.<\/span><span>' + m[2] + '<\/span><\/span>';\r\n        else if (\/^(select the correct|which of the (above|following|statements)|choose the correct|consider the following)\/i.test(seg))\r\n            html += '<span class=\"q-lead\">' + seg + '<\/span>';\r\n        else html += '<span class=\"q-lead\" style=\"font-style:normal\">' + seg + '<\/span>';\r\n    }\r\n    return html;\r\n}\r\nfunction renderOptions(q) {\r\n    $id('optionsList').innerHTML = q.options.map((opt, i) =>\r\n        '<div class=\"option-item\" data-opt=\"' + i + '\"><span class=\"option-letter\">(' + String.fromCharCode(97 + i) + ')<\/span><span class=\"option-text\">' + opt + '<\/span><i class=\"option-icon\" style=\"margin-top:4px\"><\/i><\/div>'\r\n    ).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction renderMastery(q) {\r\n    const s = getQStat(q.id);\r\n    const mi = $id('masteryIndicator');\r\n    if (s.correct + s.incorrect === 0) { mi.classList.remove('show'); return; }\r\n    mi.classList.add('show');\r\n    const stars = $id('masteryStars').querySelectorAll('i');\r\n    stars.forEach((st, i) => st.classList.toggle('filled', i < Math.min(s.correct, 5)));\r\n}\r\nfunction checkAnswer() {\r\n    if (answerChecked || selectedOption === null) { if (selectedOption === null) showToast('Select an option first'); return; }\r\n    const q = filteredQuestions[currentQuestionIndex];\r\n    const isCorrect = selectedOption === q.correct;\r\n    sessionAnswers[q.id] = selectedOption;\r\n    sessionStats.attempted++; isCorrect ? sessionStats.correct++ : sessionStats.incorrect++;\r\n    updateQuestionStats(q, isCorrect);\r\n    revealAnswer(q, selectedOption, false);\r\n    updateStats(); renderGrid(); renderWeakList(); updateHeader();\r\n}\r\nfunction revealAnswer(q, chosen, restoring) {\r\n    answerChecked = true;\r\n    const items = $id('optionsList').querySelectorAll('.option-item');\r\n    items.forEach((it, i) => {\r\n        it.classList.add('disabled');\r\n        if (i === q.correct) { it.classList.add('correct'); const oi=it.querySelector('.option-icon'); oi.textContent='\\u2713'; oi.style.fontStyle='normal'; }\r\n        else if (i === chosen) { it.classList.add('incorrect'); const oj=it.querySelector('.option-icon'); oj.textContent='\\u2717'; oj.style.fontStyle='normal'; }\r\n    });\r\n    $id('explanationText').innerHTML = q.explanation;\r\n    $id('explanationBox').classList.add('show');\r\n    $id('checkBtn').disabled = true;\r\n    renderMastery(q);\r\n    if (!restoring) showToast(chosen === q.correct ? 'Correct! Well done.' : 'Incorrect \u2014 read the explanation.', chosen === q.correct ? 'success' : '');\r\n}\r\nfunction updateQuestionStats(q, isCorrect) {\r\n    const s = getQStat(q.id);\r\n    isCorrect ? s.correct++ : s.incorrect++;\r\n    s.lastAttempt = Date.now(); s.lastCorrect = isCorrect;\r\n    progress.attemptLog.push({ qid: q.id, correct: isCorrect, ts: Date.now() });\r\n    const isWeak = progress.weakAreas.includes(q.id);\r\n    if (!isCorrect && s.incorrect >= quizConfig.weakThreshold && !isWeak) progress.weakAreas.push(q.id);\r\n    if (isCorrect && isWeak && s.correct >= quizConfig.masteryThreshold) progress.weakAreas = progress.weakAreas.filter(id => id !== q.id);\r\n    saveProgress();\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ GRID + STATS\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction renderGrid() {\r\n    $id('questionGrid').innerHTML = filteredQuestions.map((q, i) => {\r\n        let cls = 'unattempted';\r\n        const ans = sessionAnswers[q.id];\r\n        if (ans !== undefined) cls = (ans === q.correct) ? 'correct-answered' : 'incorrect-answered';\r\n        else { const s = progress.questionStats[q.id]; if (s && (s.correct + s.incorrect) > 0) cls = 'attempted'; }\r\n        if (i === currentQuestionIndex) cls = 'current';\r\n        const weak = progress.weakAreas.includes(q.id) ? ' weak-marked' : '';\r\n        return '<div class=\"grid-item ' + cls + weak + '\" data-idx=\"' + i + '\" title=\"Q' + q.id + '\">' + (i + 1) + '<\/div>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction masteredCount() { return allQuestions.filter(q => { const s = progress.questionStats[q.id]; return s && s.correct >= quizConfig.masteryThreshold; }).length; }\r\nfunction updateStats() {\r\n    $id('totalQuestions').textContent = filteredQuestions.length;\r\n    $id('attemptedCount').textContent = sessionStats.attempted;\r\n    $id('correctCount').textContent = sessionStats.correct;\r\n    $id('incorrectCount').textContent = sessionStats.incorrect;\r\n    const mastered = masteredCount();\r\n    const pct = allQuestions.length ? Math.round(mastered \/ allQuestions.length * 100) : 0;\r\n    $id('progressPercentage').textContent = pct + '%';\r\n    $id('progressRingFill').style.strokeDashoffset = 264 - (264 * pct \/ 100);\r\n    $id('totalCorrectProgress').textContent = Object.values(progress.questionStats).reduce((a, s) => a + s.correct, 0);\r\n    $id('totalWeakProgress').textContent = progress.weakAreas.length;\r\n    $id('allCount').textContent = allQuestions.length;\r\n    $id('weakModeCount').textContent = progress.weakAreas.length;\r\n}\r\nfunction updateHeader() {\r\n    $id('hdrTotalQ').textContent = allQuestions.length;\r\n    $id('hdrCycles').textContent = YEARS.length;\r\n    const pct = allQuestions.length ? Math.round(masteredCount() \/ allQuestions.length * 100) : 0;\r\n    $id('hdrMastered').textContent = pct + '%';\r\n    const w = progress.weakAreas.length;\r\n    $id('weakBadgeHeader').style.display = w ? '' : 'none';\r\n    $id('weakCountHeader').textContent = w;\r\n    const r = computeReadiness();\r\n    $id('hdrReadiness').textContent = r.attempted ? r.score + '%' : '\u2014';\r\n    $id('perfPill').style.display = w >= 5 ? '' : 'none';\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ SUBMIT \/ RESULT \/ RESETS\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction submitExam() {\r\n    if (!sessionStats.attempted) { showToast('Attempt at least one question first'); return; }\r\n    const pct = Math.round(sessionStats.correct \/ sessionStats.attempted * 100);\r\n    $id('resultCorrect').textContent = sessionStats.correct;\r\n    $id('resultIncorrect').textContent = sessionStats.incorrect;\r\n    $id('resultScore').textContent = pct + '%';\r\n    $id('resultIcon').textContent = pct >= 80 ? '\ud83c\udfc6' : pct >= 60 ? '\ud83c\udf89' : pct >= 40 ? '\ud83d\udcd6' : '\ud83d\udcaa';\r\n    $id('resultTitle').textContent = pct >= 80 ? 'Outstanding!' : pct >= 60 ? 'Great Job!' : pct >= 40 ? 'Keep Practising!' : 'Needs Revision';\r\n    $id('resultMessage').textContent = 'You attempted ' + sessionStats.attempted + ' of ' + filteredQuestions.length + ' questions in this session.';\r\n    $id('practiceWeakBtn').style.display = progress.weakAreas.length ? '' : 'none';\r\n    $id('resultModal').classList.add('show');\r\n    if (quizConfig.useWordPressSync && typeof window.cssaddaSaveQuizResult === 'function') {\r\n        window.cssaddaSaveQuizResult({\r\n            quiz_id: quizConfig.quizId,\r\n            score: sessionStats.correct,\r\n            total_questions: sessionStats.attempted,\r\n            percentage: pct,\r\n            time_taken: Math.round((Date.now() - sessionStartTs) \/ 1000),\r\n            answers: sessionAnswers\r\n        });\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nfunction reviewAnswers() { $id('resultModal').classList.remove('show'); currentQuestionIndex = 0; loadQuestion(); }\r\nfunction retryQuiz() { $id('resultModal').classList.remove('show'); sessionStats = { attempted: 0, correct: 0, incorrect: 0 }; sessionAnswers = {}; currentQuestionIndex = 0; loadQuestion(); updateStats(); }\r\n\/\/ SESSION RESET (Practice tab): clears ONLY this session's answers\/score.\r\n\/\/ Lifetime performance (mastery, weak areas, attempt history) is preserved.\r\nfunction resetSession() {\r\n    if (!confirm('Reset this session? Only the current answers and session score are cleared \u2014 your lifetime performance and mastery are kept.')) return;\r\n    sessionStats = { attempted: 0, correct: 0, incorrect: 0 };\r\n    sessionAnswers = {};\r\n    sessionStartTs = Date.now();\r\n    currentQuestionIndex = 0;\r\n    loadQuestion(); updateStats(); renderGrid();\r\n    showToast('Session reset \u2014 performance data kept', 'success');\r\n}\r\n\/\/ PERFORMANCE RESET (My Performance tab): wipes lifetime data after confirm.\r\nfunction resetPerformance() {\r\n    if (!confirm('Permanently erase ALL lifetime performance for this quiz?\\n\\nThis clears mastery stars, weak areas, accuracy history and the readiness score. This cannot be undone.')) return;\r\n    progress = { questionStats: {}, weakAreas: [], lastQuestionId: null, lastMode: 'all', lastFilter: null, attemptLog: [] };\r\n    saveProgress();\r\n    sessionStats = { attempted: 0, correct: 0, incorrect: 0 };\r\n    sessionAnswers = {};\r\n    sessionStartTs = Date.now();\r\n    setMode('all');\r\n    updateHeader();\r\n    renderAI();\r\n    showToast('Lifetime performance erased', 'success');\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ TAB 2 \u2014 DYNAMIC EXAM ANALYTICS\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction chapterCounts() {\r\n    const map = {};\r\n    allQuestions.forEach(q => { map[q.chapter] = (map[q.chapter] || 0) + 1; });\r\n    return Object.entries(map).sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1]);\r\n}\r\nlet analyticsRendered = false;\r\nfunction renderAnalytics() {\r\n    if (analyticsRendered) return; analyticsRendered = true;\r\n    const total = allQuestions.length;\r\n    if (!total) {\r\n        $id('rankedBars').innerHTML = '<div class=\"ai-empty\"><div class=\"big\">No questions loaded yet<\/div><p>Paste your MCQs into the <b>allQuestions<\/b> array and reload \u2014 the analytics build themselves from the data.<\/p><\/div>';\r\n        return;\r\n    }\r\n    const ranked = chapterCounts();\r\n    const max = ranked[0][1];\r\n    \/\/ FIXED: chapter name printed ONCE (was chShort + ': ' + chFull which doubled\r\n    \/\/ the name whenever the helpers couldn't parse the prefix). Wraps via CSS.\r\n    $id('rankedBars').innerHTML = ranked.map(([c, n], i) => {\r\n        const pct = (n \/ total * 100).toFixed(1);\r\n        const grad = n >= 15 ? 'linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold-l),var(--gold))' : 'linear-gradient(90deg,#93c5fd,var(--navy))';\r\n        return '<div class=\"bar-row\"><span class=\"bar-rank\">' + (i + 1) + '<\/span><span class=\"bar-name\" title=\"' + c + '\">' + chLabel(c) + '<\/span><div class=\"bar-track\"><div class=\"bar-fill\" style=\"width:' + (n \/ max * 100) + '%;background:' + grad + '\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"bar-val\">' + n + '<span class=\"pct\">' + pct + '%<\/span><\/span><\/div>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Heatmap\r\n    const shade = (n) => n === 0 ? '#fff' : n === 1 ? '#fdf6e3' : n === 2 ? '#f6e7b8' : n <= 4 ? '#e9cf7f' : n <= 6 ? '#d8b23f' : '#c9992a';\r\n    const fg = (n) => n >= 5 ? '#fff' : 'inherit';\r\n    let thead = '<tr><th>Chapter<\/th>' + YEARS.map(y => '<th>' + y + '<\/th>').join('') + '<th>Total<\/th><\/tr>';\r\n    let tbody = chapterCounts().map(([c]) => {\r\n        const cells = YEARS.map(y => {\r\n            const n = allQuestions.filter(q => q.chapter === c && q.year === y).length;\r\n            return '<td style=\"background:' + shade(n) + ';color:' + fg(n) + ';font-weight:' + (n ? '600' : '400') + '\">' + (n || '\u00b7') + '<\/td>';\r\n        }).join('');\r\n        const tot = allQuestions.filter(q => q.chapter === c).length;\r\n        return '<tr><td class=\"rn\" title=\"' + c + '\">' + chLabel(c) + '<\/td>' + cells + '<td class=\"rt\">' + tot + '<\/td><\/tr>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n    let tfoot = '<tr><td>Total<\/td>' + YEARS.map(y => '<td>' + allQuestions.filter(q => q.year === y).length + '<\/td>').join('') + '<td>' + total + '<\/td><\/tr>';\r\n    $id('heatmapContainer').innerHTML = '<table class=\"matrix\"><thead>' + thead + '<\/thead><tbody>' + tbody + '<\/tbody><tfoot>' + tfoot + '<\/tfoot><\/table>';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Cycle chart\r\n    const yMax = Math.max(...YEARS.map(y => allQuestions.filter(q => q.year === y).length));\r\n    $id('cycleChart').innerHTML = YEARS.map(y => {\r\n        const n = allQuestions.filter(q => q.year === y).length;\r\n        return '<div class=\"yb\"><div class=\"yb-bar\" style=\"height:' + Math.max(8, n \/ yMax * 100) + '%\"><span>' + n + '<\/span><\/div><div class=\"yb-lab\">' + y + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Takeaways (guarded for quizzes with fewer than 3 chapters)\r\n    const [c1, n1] = ranked[0];\r\n    const second = ranked[1], third = ranked[2];\r\n    const latest = YEARS[YEARS.length - 1];\r\n    const latestN = allQuestions.filter(q => q.year === latest).length;\r\n    let takeaways = '<div class=\"ins\"><h4><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\udd25<\/span> Highest-Yield Chapter<\/h4><p><b>' + chLabel(c1) + '<\/b> alone contributes <b>' + n1 + ' questions (' + (n1 \/ total * 100).toFixed(1) + '%)<\/b> \u2014 master it first.<\/p><\/div>';\r\n    if (second && third) {\r\n        const top3pct = Math.round((n1 + second[1] + third[1]) \/ total * 100);\r\n        takeaways += '<div class=\"ins\"><h4><span class=\"ic\">\ud83d\uddc2\ufe0f<\/span> Top-3 Concentration<\/h4><p><b>' + chShort(c1) + ', ' + chShort(second[0]) + ' &amp; ' + chShort(third[0]) + '<\/b> together cover <b>' + top3pct + '%<\/b> of all PYQs \u2014 prioritise these before anything else.<\/p><\/div>';\r\n    }\r\n    takeaways += \r\n        '<div class=\"ins\"><h4><span class=\"ic\">\ud83c\udfaf<\/span> Strategy<\/h4><p>Use <b>By Chapter<\/b> mode for high-weight chapters, then switch to <b>Weak Areas<\/b> mode until every question shows <b>' + quizConfig.masteryThreshold + '\u2605 mastery<\/b>.<\/p><\/div>';\r\n    $id('takeaways').innerHTML = takeaways;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ TAB 3 \u2014 AI COACH ENGINE (rule-based, client-side)\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\nfunction chapterStats() {\r\n    const total = allQuestions.length;\r\n    return chapterCounts().map(([c, n]) => {\r\n        const qs = allQuestions.filter(q => q.chapter === c);\r\n        let attempted = 0, correct = 0, incorrect = 0, scoreSum = 0;\r\n        qs.forEach(q => {\r\n            const s = progress.questionStats[q.id];\r\n            if (s && (s.correct + s.incorrect) > 0) { attempted++; correct += s.correct; incorrect += s.incorrect; }\r\n            scoreSum += s ? Math.min(s.correct \/ quizConfig.masteryThreshold, 1) : 0;\r\n        });\r\n        const acc = (correct + incorrect) ? correct \/ (correct + incorrect) : null;\r\n        const weight = n \/ total;\r\n        const coverage = attempted \/ n;\r\n        const mastery = scoreSum \/ n;\r\n        const priority = weight * (acc === null ? 0.85 : (1 - acc)) * (0.5 + 0.5 * (1 - coverage));\r\n        return { chapter: c, count: n, weight, attempted, coverage, acc, mastery, priority };\r\n    });\r\n}\r\nfunction computeReadiness() {\r\n    const stats = chapterStats();\r\n    const score = Math.round(stats.reduce((a, s) => a + s.weight * s.mastery, 0) * 100);\r\n    const attempted = Object.values(progress.questionStats).some(s => (s.correct + s.incorrect) > 0);\r\n    return { score, attempted, stats };\r\n}\r\nfunction renderAI() {\r\n    if (!allQuestions.length) {\r\n        $id('aiEmptyState').style.display = '';\r\n        $id('aiContent').style.display = 'none';\r\n        return;\r\n    }\r\n    const { score, attempted, stats } = computeReadiness();\r\n    $id('aiEmptyState').style.display = attempted ? 'none' : '';\r\n    $id('aiContent').style.display = attempted ? '' : 'none';\r\n    if (!attempted) return;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Readiness ring\r\n    $id('aiScore').textContent = score;\r\n    $id('aiRingFill').style.strokeDashoffset = 402 - (402 * score \/ 100);\r\n    const verdict = score >= 80 ? '<b>Exam-ready.<\/b> Maintain with the revision queue and weak-area drills.'\r\n        : score >= 60 ? '<b>Strong base.<\/b> Close the gaps in your top-weight chapters to cross 80.'\r\n        : score >= 35 ? '<b>Building up.<\/b> Focus on the priority chapters below \u2014 they move your score fastest.'\r\n        : '<b>Early stage.<\/b> Start with the highest-weight chapters; every mastered question compounds.';\r\n    $id('aiVerdict').innerHTML = verdict + '<br><span style=\"font-size:11.8px;opacity:.8\">Score = \u03a3 (chapter exam-weight \u00d7 your mastery), computed from ' + YEARS.length + ' cycles of PYQ data.<\/span>';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ KPIs\r\n    const totalAttempted = allQuestions.filter(q => { const s = progress.questionStats[q.id]; return s && (s.correct + s.incorrect) > 0; }).length;\r\n    const allC = Object.values(progress.questionStats).reduce((a, s) => a + s.correct, 0);\r\n    const allI = Object.values(progress.questionStats).reduce((a, s) => a + s.incorrect, 0);\r\n    const accAll = (allC + allI) ? Math.round(allC \/ (allC + allI) * 100) : 0;\r\n    const recent = progress.attemptLog.slice(-20);\r\n    const accRecent = recent.length ? Math.round(recent.filter(a => a.correct).length \/ recent.length * 100) : 0;\r\n    const trendArrow = recent.length >= 5 ? (accRecent > accAll ? ' <span style=\"color:var(--green)\">\\u2197<\/span>' : accRecent < accAll ? ' <span style=\"color:var(--red)\">\\u2198<\/span>' : '') : '';\r\n    $id('aiKpis').innerHTML =\r\n        '<div class=\"ai-kpi\"><div class=\"n\">' + totalAttempted + '\/' + allQuestions.length + '<\/div><div class=\"l\">Coverage<\/div><\/div>' +\r\n        '<div class=\"ai-kpi\"><div class=\"n ' + (accAll >= 70 ? 'g' : accAll >= 45 ? 'a' : 'r') + '\">' + accAll + '%<\/div><div class=\"l\">Lifetime Accuracy<\/div><\/div>' +\r\n        '<div class=\"ai-kpi\"><div class=\"n ' + (accRecent >= 70 ? 'g' : accRecent >= 45 ? 'a' : 'r') + '\">' + accRecent + '%' + trendArrow + '<\/div><div class=\"l\">Last 20 Attempts<\/div><\/div>' +\r\n        '<div class=\"ai-kpi\"><div class=\"n g\">' + masteredCount() + '<\/div><div class=\"l\">Mastered (' + quizConfig.masteryThreshold + '\u2605)<\/div><\/div>' +\r\n        '<div class=\"ai-kpi\"><div class=\"n r\">' + progress.weakAreas.length + '<\/div><div class=\"l\">Weak Questions<\/div><\/div>';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Smart study plan\r\n    const byPriority = [...stats].sort((a, b) => b.priority - a.priority);\r\n    const recos = [];\r\n    byPriority.slice(0, 3).forEach(s => {\r\n        if (s.acc === null) recos.push({ ic: 'warm', icon: '\ud83e\udded', txt: '<b>' + chShort(s.chapter) + '<\/b> carries <b>' + Math.round(s.weight * 100) + '%<\/b> of the paper but you haven\\u2019t attempted it yet \u2014 begin here.', ch: s.chapter });\r\n        else if (s.acc < 0.6) recos.push({ ic: 'hot', icon: '\ud83d\udd25', txt: '<b>' + chShort(s.chapter) + '<\/b>: exam weight <b>' + Math.round(s.weight * 100) + '%<\/b>, your accuracy only <b>' + Math.round(s.acc * 100) + '%<\/b> \u2014 highest payoff zone right now.', ch: s.chapter });\r\n        else if (s.coverage < 0.6) recos.push({ ic: 'cool', icon: '\ud83d\udd0d', txt: '<b>' + chShort(s.chapter) + '<\/b>: accuracy is fine (' + Math.round(s.acc * 100) + '%) but you\\u2019ve only covered <b>' + Math.round(s.coverage * 100) + '%<\/b> of its PYQs \u2014 finish the set.', ch: s.chapter });\r\n    });\r\n    if (progress.weakAreas.length >= 3) recos.push({ ic: 'hot', icon: '\u26a0\ufe0f', txt: 'You have <b>' + progress.weakAreas.length + ' weak questions<\/b> flagged. One focused Weak-Areas session will clear the backlog.', weak: true });\r\n    const due = revisionDue();\r\n    if (due.length) recos.push({ ic: 'warm', icon: '\ud83d\udd01', txt: '<b>' + due.length + ' mastered questions<\/b> haven\\u2019t been touched in over ' + quizConfig.revisionGapDays + ' days \u2014 revise before they fade.' });\r\n    const best = [...stats].filter(s => s.acc !== null).sort((a, b) => b.acc - a.acc)[0];\r\n    if (best && best.acc >= 0.75) recos.push({ ic: 'good', icon: '\ud83c\udfc5', txt: 'Strongest area: <b>' + chShort(best.chapter) + '<\/b> at <b>' + Math.round(best.acc * 100) + '%<\/b> accuracy \u2014 bank these marks on exam day.' });\r\n    $id('aiRecoList').innerHTML = recos.map(r =>\r\n        '<div class=\"ai-reco\"><span class=\"ic ' + r.ic + '\">' + r.icon + '<\/span><p>' + r.txt + '<\/p>' +\r\n        (r.ch ? '<button class=\"go\" data-practice-ch=\"' + encodeURIComponent(r.ch) + '\">Practice \\u2192<\/button>' : r.weak ? '<button class=\"go\" data-practice-weak=\"1\">Start \\u2192<\/button>' : '') + '<\/div>'\r\n    ).join('');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Performance table\r\n    $id('perfTableBody').innerHTML = byPriority.map(s => {\r\n        const accPct = s.acc === null ? null : Math.round(s.acc * 100);\r\n        const tag = s.acc === null ? '<span class=\"tag na\">Not started<\/span>'\r\n            : accPct < 45 ? '<span class=\"tag hot\">Critical<\/span>'\r\n            : accPct < 65 ? '<span class=\"tag warm\">Needs work<\/span>'\r\n            : accPct < 85 ? '<span class=\"tag ok\">On track<\/span>'\r\n            : '<span class=\"tag good\">Strong<\/span>';\r\n        const accBar = s.acc === null ? '\u2014' : '<div class=\"mini-track\"><div class=\"mini-fill\" style=\"width:' + accPct + '%;background:' + (accPct < 45 ? 'var(--red)' : accPct < 65 ? 'var(--amber)' : 'var(--green)') + '\"><\/div><\/div><span style=\"font-size:11.5px\">' + accPct + '%<\/span>';\r\n        return '<tr><td title=\"' + s.chapter + '\">' + chLabel(s.chapter) + '<\/td><td><b>' + Math.round(s.weight * 100) + '%<\/b> <span style=\"color:var(--faint);font-size:11.2px\">(' + s.count + ' Qs)<\/span><\/td><td>' + s.attempted + '\/' + s.count + '<\/td><td>' + accBar + '<\/td><td>' + tag + '<\/td><td><button class=\"mini-go\" data-practice-ch=\"' + encodeURIComponent(s.chapter) + '\">Practice<\/button><\/td><\/tr>';\r\n    }).join('');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Revision queue\r\n    $id('revisionQueue').innerHTML = due.length ? due.slice(0, 8).map(({ q, days }) =>\r\n        '<div class=\"rev-item\" data-goto=\"' + q.id + '\"><span class=\"q-num\">Q' + q.id + '<\/span><span class=\"q-text\">' + q.question.replace(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/gi, ' ').substring(0, 55) + '\u2026<\/span><span class=\"days\">' + days + 'd ago<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    ).join('') : '<div class=\"ai-empty\" style=\"padding:18px\"><p style=\"font-size:13.3px\">Nothing due for revision. Mastered questions reappear here after ' + quizConfig.revisionGapDays + ' days.<\/p><\/div>';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Mastery distribution\r\n    const buckets = [0, 0, 0, 0]; \/\/ untouched, learning, close, mastered\r\n    allQuestions.forEach(q => {\r\n        const s = progress.questionStats[q.id];\r\n        if (!s || (s.correct + s.incorrect) === 0) buckets[0]++;\r\n        else if (s.correct >= quizConfig.masteryThreshold) buckets[3]++;\r\n        else if (s.correct >= 2) buckets[2]++;\r\n        else buckets[1]++;\r\n    });\r\n    const labels = ['Untouched', 'Learning (0\u20131\u2605)', 'Almost there (2\u2605)', 'Mastered (' + quizConfig.masteryThreshold + '\u2605+)'];\r\n    const colors = ['#cbd5e1', 'var(--amber)', 'var(--navy-l)', 'var(--green)'];\r\n    $id('masteryDist').innerHTML = buckets.map((n, i) =>\r\n        '<div class=\"bar-row\" style=\"grid-template-columns:minmax(130px,1fr) 2fr auto\"><span class=\"bar-name\">' + labels[i] + '<\/span><div class=\"bar-track\"><div class=\"bar-fill\" style=\"width:' + (allQuestions.length ? n \/ allQuestions.length * 100 : 0) + '%;background:' + colors[i] + '\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"bar-val\">' + n + '<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    ).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction revisionDue() {\r\n    const now = Date.now(), gap = quizConfig.revisionGapDays * 86400000;\r\n    return allQuestions.map(q => {\r\n        const s = progress.questionStats[q.id];\r\n        if (s && s.correct >= quizConfig.masteryThreshold && s.lastAttempt && (now - s.lastAttempt) > gap)\r\n            return { q, days: Math.floor((now - s.lastAttempt) \/ 86400000) };\r\n        return null;\r\n    }).filter(Boolean).sort((a, b) => b.days - a.days);\r\n}\r\nfunction gotoQuestion(qid) {\r\n    switchView('practice');\r\n    let idx = filteredQuestions.findIndex(q => q.id === qid);\r\n    if (idx === -1) { setMode('all'); idx = filteredQuestions.findIndex(q => q.id === qid); }\r\n    if (idx !== -1) { currentQuestionIndex = idx; loadQuestion(); }\r\n}\r\nfunction practiceChapter(ch) {\r\n    switchView('practice');\r\n    setMode('chapter', ch);\r\n    showToast('Filtered to ' + chShort(ch), 'success');\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\n\/\/ EVENT DELEGATION (single listener)\r\n\/\/ ==========================================\r\ndocument.addEventListener('click', function (e) {\r\n    const w = e.target.closest('.gfr-portal');\r\n    if (!w) return;\r\n    const tab = e.target.closest('.gp-tab'); if (tab) { switchView(tab.dataset.view); return; }\r\n    const mode = e.target.closest('.mode-tab'); if (mode) { setMode(mode.dataset.mode); return; }\r\n    const yf = e.target.closest('.filter-item[data-year]'); if (yf) { setMode('year', currentFilter === yf.dataset.year ? null : yf.dataset.year); return; }\r\n    const cf = e.target.closest('.filter-item[data-chapter]'); if (cf) { const c = decodeURIComponent(cf.dataset.chapter); setMode('chapter', currentFilter === c ? null : c); return; }\r\n    const gi = e.target.closest('.grid-item'); if (gi) { currentQuestionIndex = parseInt(gi.dataset.idx, 10); loadQuestion(); return; }\r\n    const go = e.target.closest('[data-goto]'); if (go) { gotoQuestion(parseInt(go.dataset.goto, 10)); return; }\r\n    const pc = e.target.closest('[data-practice-ch]'); if (pc) { practiceChapter(decodeURIComponent(pc.dataset.practiceCh)); return; }\r\n    const pw = e.target.closest('[data-practice-weak]'); if (pw) { switchView('practice'); setMode('weak'); return; }\r\n    const opt = e.target.closest('.option-item'); if (opt && !answerChecked) {\r\n        $id('optionsList').querySelectorAll('.option-item').forEach(o => o.classList.remove('selected'));\r\n        opt.classList.add('selected'); selectedOption = parseInt(opt.dataset.opt, 10); return;\r\n    }\r\n    switch (e.target.closest('button') ? 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