{"id":17892,"date":"2026-10-12T06:32:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T06:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/?page_id=17892"},"modified":"2026-10-12T09:02:06","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T09:02:06","slug":"mcqs-on-rpwd-act-rules","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/?page_id=17892","title":{"rendered":"MCQs on RPwD Act &amp; Rules"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"17892\" class=\"elementor elementor-17892\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86e5dc8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"86e5dc8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b16d978 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b16d978\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!--\r\n=====================================================================\r\nCSS ADDA \u00b7 PromotionExams.com\r\nCHAPTER-WISE AI TEST SERIES  \u2014  generic template, one subject per page\r\n=====================================================================\r\n\r\nWHAT THIS IS\r\n  A drill page for one chapter-wise MCQ bank, on any subject. Two tabs:\r\n     PRACTICE     filters, search, flagging, live scorecard, timer\r\n     PERFORMANCE  readiness engine, chapter priorities, weak areas\r\n\r\nWHAT CHANGED IN v3\r\n  1. SCORECARD (rail) in place of \"This session\" and \"Exam score\": the\r\n     set on screen, scored as the exam would \u2014 answered, not answered,\r\n     right, wrong, accuracy, net score after negative marking, marks\r\n     lost, time on the set and seconds per question against a target\r\n     pace. \"Review wrong\" and \"Unanswered\" open just those questions.\r\n  2. PER-QUESTION TIMER on every question. It counts only while the\r\n     question is unanswered, on screen and you are active \u2014 it pauses\r\n     when you switch away or go idle (CFG.idleSeconds).\r\n  Saved progress carries over unchanged \u2014 same quizId, same keys.\r\n\r\nWHAT CHANGED IN v2\r\n  1. PROGRESS FOLLOWS THE ACCOUNT, NOT THE BROWSER\r\n     localStorage stays as the fast local cache; mastery, flags, weak\r\n     areas, the sitting on screen and the resume point are mirrored to\r\n     the learner's WordPress account.\r\n     REQUIRES the Code Snippet \"CSS ADDA \u2014 Quiz Progress Sync v1.0\".\r\n     Without it, or when logged out, the page runs local-only as before.\r\n     CFG.quizId is now also the server-side meta key: keep it UNIQUE PER\r\n     PAGE. Letters, digits, - and _ only, 50 characters max.\r\n  2. INSTANT FEEDBACK\r\n     Picking an option marks it right or wrong at once. The explanation\r\n     stays folded behind the See Explanation button. Previous \/ Next work\r\n     at any time. CFG.instantCheck = false restores the two-step flow.\r\n\r\nSETTING UP A NEW SUBJECT \u2014 four edits, all at the top of the script\r\n  1. CFG.quizId   unique per page. Progress is stored under this key, so\r\n                  two subjects on the same site never mix. Change it.\r\n     CFG.topic    the subject name shown in the header.\r\n     CFG.eyebrow  the exam line above it, or blank.\r\n  2. CFG.sourceUrl  the page on your site carrying the full text of the\r\n                  subject. A \"Read the source\" card then appears in the\r\n                  rail. Leave it blank and the card disappears.\r\n  3. chapterImportance   rate each chapter yourself, any relative numbers\r\n                  you like \u2014 they need not total 100. The rating drives\r\n                  the ranking, the study plan and how much of each planned\r\n                  sitting a chapter gets. A chapter you leave out falls\r\n                  back to its share of the bank and is marked \"not rated\r\n                  yet\". Empty the map and importance is never mentioned.\r\nRESUMING A SITTING\r\n  The position, the filter in force and every answer given are written to\r\n  localStorage under the same quizId key as mastery and flags. Closing the\r\n  tab, reloading or coming back days later reopens on the same question,\r\n  with a bar at the top offering \"Start from the beginning\".\r\n  Progress is per quizId, so subjects resume independently of each other.\r\n\r\n  4. chapterQuestions    your bank, in the usual schema:\r\n                  { id, chapter, question, options[], correct, explanation }\r\n                  Chapter strings must match the importance map exactly.\r\n                  Add an optional  year: '2022'  (or exam: 'CRT 2022') to any\r\n                  item and a navy PYQ tag prints beside the question count.\r\n                  Items without it show a grey \"Concept\" tag \u2014 set\r\n                  CFG.showConceptTag = false to hide that instead.\r\n\r\nLOOK OF THE PAGE \u2014 four switches at the top of CFG\r\n  paperMode     serif type, hanging-indent numbering, (a)(b)(c)(d) options.\r\n  paperTexture  warm off-white book stock with a fine fibre grain.\r\n  bookletCode   printed at the foot of every sheet, e.g. 'JHGD-U-OFX'.\r\n\r\nSTEM LAYOUT \u2014 nothing to mark up\r\n  A plain stem, a numbered statement stem and a List-I \/ List-II stem are\r\n  each laid out automatically, and all three sit in the same sheet, so\r\n  every question on the page reads the same way.\r\n\r\nRESETS\r\n  \"Reset session\"        clears only this sitting's answers and times.\r\n  \"Reset my performance\" wipes lifetime mastery, weak areas and flags.\r\n\r\n=====================================================================\r\n-->\r\n\r\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\r\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1,viewport-fit=cover\">\r\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\r\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin>\r\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Plus+Jakarta+Sans:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Newsreader:opsz,wght@6..72,400;6..72,500;6..72,600&family=Tinos:ital,wght@0,400;0,700;1,400;1,700&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.cdrill{\r\n  --blue-900:#12246E; --blue-800:#1B3FCB; --blue-700:#2757E8; --blue-100:#EAF0FF; --blue-50:#F5F8FF;\r\n  --gold:#E8A317; --gold-lt:#F5C55B; --gold-bg:#FFF7E4;\r\n  --ink:#0F172A; --slate:#5B6B85; --line:#DFE6F3; --paper:#FFFFFF; --wash:#F4F7FD;\r\n  --ok:#0B8457; --ok-bg:#E7F7F0; --bad:#D3313E; --bad-bg:#FDEDEE; --warn:#C2620E;\r\n  --r:14px; --shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(16,32,74,.06),0 8px 24px -12px rgba(16,32,74,.18);\r\n  \/* \u2193 paste the same value your other pages use for --serif *\/\r\n  --serif:'Newsreader',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;\r\n  font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif; font-size:15px; line-height:1.55;\r\n  color:var(--ink); background:var(--wash); -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;\r\n  border-radius:var(--r); overflow:hidden; box-shadow:var(--shadow);\r\n}\r\n.cdrill *{box-sizing:border-box}\r\n.cdrill button{font:inherit;cursor:pointer;border:0;background:none;color:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;\r\n  min-width:0;min-height:0;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:normal;text-transform:none;\r\n  box-shadow:none;border-radius:0;text-align:inherit;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none}\r\n.cdrill input,.cdrill select{font:inherit}\r\n.cdrill h1,.cdrill h2,.cdrill h3,.cdrill h4,.cdrill h5,.cdrill p,.cdrill ol,.cdrill ul{margin:0}\r\n.cdrill .wrap{max-width:1120px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 20px}\r\n.cdrill .tnum{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .hide{display:none !important}\r\n.cdrill ::selection{background:#CFE0FF;color:var(--ink)}\r\n.cdrill :focus-visible{outline:2.5px solid var(--gold);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:6px}\r\n@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.cdrill *{animation:none!important;transition:none!important}}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- hero ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .hero{background:linear-gradient(158deg,#3A5BCE 0%,#4468DC 55%,#5077E6 100%);\r\n  color:#fff;padding:26px 0 0;position:relative;overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .hero::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;inset:auto -10% -65% 58%;height:200px;\r\n  background:radial-gradient(closest-side,rgba(245,197,91,.16),transparent 72%);pointer-events:none}\r\n.cdrill .eyebrow{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#FFE0A3;font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .hero h1,\r\n.cdrill header.hero h1{margin:6px 0 2px;font-size:clamp(19px,3.2vw,26px);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em;\r\n  color:#FFFFFF !important;line-height:1.25;font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif}\r\n.cdrill .hero p{margin:0 0 16px;color:#DCE5FF;font-size:13.5px;max-width:64ch}\r\n.cdrill .hstats{display:flex;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;z-index:1}\r\n.cdrill .hstat{background:rgba(255,255,255,.13);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24);border-radius:12px;\r\n  padding:9px 15px;min-width:92px}\r\n.cdrill .hstat b{display:block;font-size:20px;font-weight:800;color:#FFE0A3;letter-spacing:-.02em;line-height:1.15}\r\n.cdrill .hstat span{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#DCE5FF;font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .tabs{display:flex;gap:8px;margin-top:22px;position:relative;z-index:1}\r\n.cdrill .tab{position:relative;padding:12px 24px 13px;border-radius:12px 12px 0 0;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;\r\n  color:#E4EBFF;display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center;background:rgba(12,25,74,.22);\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18);border-bottom:0;transition:.16s;top:0}\r\n.cdrill .tab:hover{color:#fff;background:rgba(12,25,74,.34);top:-2px}\r\n.cdrill .tab[aria-selected=true]{background:var(--paper);color:var(--blue-900);border-color:transparent;\r\n  top:0;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:-2px;font-weight:800;\r\n  box-shadow:0 -3px 12px -4px rgba(9,20,66,.35)}\r\n.cdrill .tab[aria-selected=true]::before{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:14px;right:14px;top:0;height:3px;\r\n  border-radius:0 0 3px 3px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold),var(--gold-lt))}\r\n.cdrill .tab .pill{background:var(--gold);color:#3A2A02;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;padding:2px 7px;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .goldrule{height:4px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold),var(--gold-lt))}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- filters ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .filters{background:var(--paper);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .filters .wrap{display:flex;gap:10px;padding-top:14px;padding-bottom:14px;overflow-x:auto;scrollbar-width:none}\r\n.cdrill .filters .wrap::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f{display:flex;flex:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 16px;border-radius:99px;\r\n  border:1.5px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);font-weight:600;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--slate);\r\n  white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f:hover{border-color:#B9C8EC;color:var(--ink)}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f .n{font-size:11.5px;font-weight:800;background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800);padding:2px 8px;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f[aria-pressed=true]{background:var(--blue-700);border-color:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f[aria-pressed=true] .n{background:rgba(255,255,255,.2);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f.warn{border-color:#F3C2C6;color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f.warn .n{background:var(--bad);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f.warn[aria-pressed=true]{background:var(--bad);border-color:var(--bad);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f.gold{border-color:#F2DFAE;color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f.gold .n{background:var(--gold);color:#3A2A02}\r\n.cdrill .pill-f.gold[aria-pressed=true]{background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold));border-color:var(--gold);color:#3A2A02}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- layout ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 300px;gap:20px;padding:20px 0 60px}\r\n@media(max-width:960px){.cdrill .grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .card{background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);box-shadow:var(--shadow)}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- toolbar \/ context ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .toolbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0 0 16px}\r\n.cdrill .search{flex:1;min-width:190px;position:relative}\r\n.cdrill .search input{width:100%;padding:11px 15px 11px 38px;border:1.5px solid var(--line);border-radius:11px;background:var(--paper)}\r\n.cdrill .search svg{position:absolute;left:13px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);width:16px;height:16px;color:var(--slate)}\r\n.cdrill .tgl{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:10px 15px;border:1.5px solid var(--line);border-radius:11px;\r\n  background:var(--paper);font-weight:600;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--slate);white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .tgl[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:var(--blue-50);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .ctxbar{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;background:var(--paper);\r\n  border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--blue-700);border-radius:0 12px 12px 0;\r\n  padding:13px 18px;margin:0 0 16px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}\r\n.cdrill .ctxlab{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .ctxsel{flex:1;min-width:210px;max-width:560px;padding:9px 12px;border:1.5px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;\r\n  background:var(--paper);font-weight:700;font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer}\r\n.cdrill .ctxmeta{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;white-space:nowrap}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- chapter chips ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .chapcard{margin:0 0 16px;overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:11px 18px;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--blue-50),#EDF3FF);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .chapcard{border-radius:var(--r)}\r\n.cdrill .chaplist{border-radius:0 0 var(--r) var(--r);overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead b{font-size:13.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue-800);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead i{font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead .meta{margin-left:auto;font-size:12px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:700;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .chaplist{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1px;padding:0;background:var(--line)}\r\n@media(min-width:900px){.cdrill .chaplist{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip{display:grid;grid-template-columns:26px minmax(0,1fr) auto auto;align-items:center;gap:10px;\r\n  padding:10px 16px;border:0;background:var(--paper);text-align:left;transition:background .13s;width:100%}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip:hover{background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .no{font-size:11px;font-weight:800;color:var(--slate);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .cn{font-size:12.6px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:-.005em;\r\n  overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;text-transform:none}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .cw{flex:none;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206;\r\n  border:1px solid #F2DFAE;padding:2px 8px;border-radius:99px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .cc{flex:none;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800);\r\n  min-width:30px;padding:3px 8px;border-radius:6px;text-align:center;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip[aria-pressed=true]{background:var(--blue-50);box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--blue-700)}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip[aria-pressed=true] .cn{color:var(--blue-800);font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip[aria-pressed=true] .cc{background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .done{flex:none;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--ok)}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- question ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .qhead{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(135deg,#F1F5FB 0%,#E4ECFB 100%);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\r\n  border-radius:var(--r) var(--r) 0 0;padding:13px 20px}\r\n.cdrill .qcount{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;color:var(--blue-900);font-size:16.3px;letter-spacing:0}\r\n.cdrill .qmeta{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .badge-ch{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold));\r\n  color:#3A2A02;font-weight:800;font-size:12px;padding:6px 13px;border-radius:99px;max-width:340px}\r\n.cdrill .badge-ch span{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .badge-w{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;border:1.5px solid var(--gold-lt);color:#8A6206;\r\n  background:var(--gold-bg);font-weight:700;font-size:12px;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .badge-m{font-weight:700;font-size:12px;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .qtags{display:flex;gap:6px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .qtag{font-weight:800;font-size:11.5px;padding:5px 11px;border-radius:99px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .qtag.weak{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad);border:1px solid #F3C2C6}\r\n.cdrill .qtag.flag{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206;border:1px solid #F2DFAE}\r\n.cdrill .qtag.done{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok);border:1px solid #A9DEC6}\r\n.cdrill .badge-m.weak{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .qbody{padding:22px}\r\n.cdrill .stem{font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-size:18.5px !important;line-height:1.7;\r\n  font-weight:600;margin:0 0 18px;color:#161b26;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto;-webkit-hyphens:auto}\r\n.cdrill .stem b{font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .qno{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:700;color:#8A6206;margin-right:7px;\r\n  hyphens:none;-webkit-hyphens:none}\r\n.cdrill .qsheet{background:#fffef9;border:1px solid #e9e3d2;border-left:4px solid var(--gold);\r\n  border-radius:12px;padding:20px 22px;margin:0 0 18px}\r\n.cdrill .qsheet .lead,\r\n.cdrill .qsheet .intro,\r\n.cdrill .qsheet .close{font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-size:18.5px !important;line-height:1.7;\r\n  font-weight:600;color:#161b26;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto;-webkit-hyphens:auto}\r\n.cdrill .qsheet .intro{margin:16px 0 0}\r\n.cdrill .qsheet .close{margin:16px 0 0;text-align:left;hyphens:none;-webkit-hyphens:none}\r\n.cdrill .stmts{list-style:none;counter-reset:s;margin:4px 0 0;padding:0;display:block}\r\n.cdrill .stmts li{counter-increment:s;display:grid;grid-template-columns:30px 1fr;gap:4px;align-items:baseline;\r\n  font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-size:18.5px !important;font-weight:600;line-height:1.65;color:#161b26;\r\n  margin:12px 0 0 14px;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto;-webkit-hyphens:auto}\r\n.cdrill .stmts li::before{content:counter(s) \".\";font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:18.5px;color:#161b26}\r\n.cdrill .lists{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:34px;margin:18px 0 0}\r\n@media(max-width:760px){.cdrill .lists{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px}}\r\n.cdrill .lcol h5{margin:0 0 10px;padding:0 0 9px;border-bottom:1px solid #DCD3BE;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;color:var(--ink)}\r\n.cdrill .lcol ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:12px}\r\n.cdrill .lcol li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:28px 1fr;align-items:baseline;\r\n  font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-size:17.5px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.6;color:#161b26}\r\n.cdrill .lcol li b{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:17.3px;color:#8A6206}\r\n\r\n\/* options as bordered cards, matching the other pages *\/\r\n.cdrill .opts{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:9px}\r\n.cdrill .opt{font-family:var(--serif) !important;padding:12px 16px;border:1.5px solid var(--line);\r\n  border-radius:12px;cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:12px;transition:all .25s;\r\n  background:#fff;text-align:left;width:100%;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none}\r\n.cdrill .opt .txt{font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-size:18.5px !important;line-height:1.6;\r\n  color:#161b26;flex:1;min-width:0}\r\n.cdrill .opt:hover:not(:disabled){border-color:#5F86F0;background:#F6F9FF;transform:translateX(4px)}\r\n.cdrill .opt:disabled{cursor:default;opacity:1;transform:none}\r\n.cdrill .key{min-width:34px;font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-weight:600;font-size:17.3px !important;\r\n  color:#161b26;flex-shrink:0;line-height:1.6}\r\n.cdrill .opt.sel{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:#EFF5FF;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--blue-700)}\r\n.cdrill .opt.sel::after{content:\"Selected\";font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:800;\r\n  font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-800);align-self:center;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .opt.right{border-color:var(--ok);background:#F0FDF6;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .opt.right .key{color:#086945}\r\n.cdrill .opt.wrong{border-color:var(--bad);background:#FEF4F4;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .opt.wrong .key{color:#A81F2B}\r\n.cdrill .mark{margin-left:auto;font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:800;font-size:10.5px;\r\n  letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;align-self:center}\r\n.cdrill .mark.r{color:var(--ok)} .cdrill .mark.w{color:var(--bad)}\r\n@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.cdrill .opt:hover:not(:disabled){transform:none}}\r\n.cdrill .hint{margin:12px 0 0;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:600;color:#8A6206;background:var(--gold-bg);\r\n  border:1px solid #F2DFAE;border-radius:10px;padding:10px 14px}\r\n.cdrill .actions{display:flex;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:18px;align-items:center}\r\n.cdrill .btn{padding:11px 20px;border-radius:11px;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .btn:hover{background:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .btn:disabled{opacity:.4;cursor:not-allowed}\r\n.cdrill .btn.ghost{background:var(--paper);border:1.5px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink)}\r\n.cdrill .btn.ghost:hover{border-color:var(--blue-700);color:var(--blue-800);background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n.cdrill .flagbtn{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;padding:11px 18px;border-radius:11px;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;\r\n  border:1.5px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);color:var(--slate);margin-left:auto;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .flagbtn:hover{border-color:var(--gold);color:#8A6206;background:var(--gold-bg)}\r\n.cdrill .flagbtn[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:var(--gold);background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold));color:#3A2A02}\r\n.cdrill .kbd{display:inline-block;font-family:ui-monospace,Menlo,monospace;font-size:10.5px;padding:3px 6px;background:#fff;\r\n  border:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom-width:2px;border-radius:4px;font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .keys{margin-top:14px;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px dashed var(--line);font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);\r\n  display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-weight:600}\r\n@media(max-width:700px){.cdrill .keys{display:none}}\r\n\r\n.cdrill .verdict{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-weight:800;font-size:14px;margin:20px 0 0}\r\n.cdrill .verdict.r{color:var(--ok)} .cdrill .verdict.w{color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .expl{margin-top:12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--gold);border-radius:0 12px 12px 0;\r\n  background:#FCFDFF;padding:16px 18px;font-size:14.2px;line-height:1.68}\r\n.cdrill .expl .body{font-family:'Newsreader',Georgia,serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7}\r\n.cdrill .expl b{color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .expl-h{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800;margin-bottom:8px}\r\n\r\n.cdrill .ai-out{margin-top:12px;background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;padding:14px 16px;\r\n  font-size:14px;line-height:1.65}\r\n.cdrill .ai-out b{color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .offline{margin-top:12px;padding-top:10px;border-top:1px dashed #CBD8F6;font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.5}\r\n.cdrill .dots span{display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--blue-700);margin-right:4px;animation:cdb 1.1s infinite}\r\n.cdrill .dots span:nth-child(2){animation-delay:.16s} .cdrill .dots span:nth-child(3){animation-delay:.32s}\r\n@keyframes cdb{0%,80%{opacity:.25;transform:translateY(0)}40%{opacity:1;transform:translateY(-3px)}}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- rail ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .rail{display:grid;gap:16px;align-content:start}\r\n.cdrill .rail .card{padding:16px}\r\n.cdrill .rail h3{margin:0;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .score{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:8px;margin:10px 0 4px}\r\n.cdrill .score b{font-size:32px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.03em}\r\n.cdrill .score i{font-style:normal;color:var(--slate);font-size:13px;font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .bar{height:7px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--wash);overflow:hidden;margin-top:10px}\r\n.cdrill .bar>i{display:block;height:100%;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--ok),#37B37E);border-radius:99px;transition:width .4s}\r\n.cdrill .mini{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--slate);margin-top:8px;font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .streak{display:flex;gap:4px;margin-top:12px}\r\n.cdrill .streak i{flex:1;height:26px;border-radius:5px;background:var(--wash);border:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .streak i.r{background:var(--ok-bg);border-color:#A9DEC6}\r\n.cdrill .streak i.w{background:var(--bad-bg);border-color:#F3C2C6}\r\n.cdrill .nav-head{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;padding:13px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);flex-wrap:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .nav-head b{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .navtoggle{flex:none;white-space:nowrap;min-width:56px;text-align:center;\r\n  font-size:12px;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue-800);padding:5px 12px;border-radius:7px;\r\n  border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);letter-spacing:.02em;transition:.14s}\r\n.cdrill .nav-head b{min-width:0;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .navtoggle:hover{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr));gap:6px;\r\n  padding:14px 16px 12px;max-height:238px;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid::-webkit-scrollbar{width:6px}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#CBD5E1;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:transparent}\r\n.cdrill .nq{position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;min-width:0;height:34px;padding:0;margin:0;\r\n  border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);\r\n  font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-size:11.5px;line-height:1;\r\n  color:var(--slate);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:visible;\r\n  transition:background .12s,border-color .12s,color .12s;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;letter-spacing:-.02em}\r\n.cdrill .nq:hover{border-color:var(--blue-700);color:var(--blue-800);background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n@media(max-width:960px){.cdrill .navgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(10,minmax(0,1fr))}}\r\n@media(max-width:520px){.cdrill .navgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(7,minmax(0,1fr))}}\r\n.cdrill .nq.r{background:var(--ok-bg);border-color:#8FD3B6;color:#086945}\r\n.cdrill .nq.w{background:var(--bad-bg);border-color:#F0AEB4;color:#A81F2B}\r\n.cdrill .nq.cur{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .nq .fl{position:absolute;top:-5px;right:-4px;font-size:9.5px;line-height:1;\r\n  filter:drop-shadow(0 0 2px #fff)}\r\n.cdrill .nq.mastered::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;bottom:3px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);\r\n  width:4px;height:4px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .legend{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:10.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;\r\n  padding:10px 16px 14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:4px}\r\n.cdrill .legend i{display:inline-block;width:9px;height:9px;border-radius:3px;margin-right:5px;vertical-align:-1px}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- performance ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .perf{padding:24px 24px 32px;display:grid;gap:34px}\r\n.cdrill .ph{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- performance blocks ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .pblock{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;background:var(--paper);overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .pbh{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:16px;padding:20px 24px 18px;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(180deg,#FBFCFF,#F6F9FF);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .pbh .txt{flex:1;min-width:0}\r\n.cdrill .pbh h4{font-size:17px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.015em;color:var(--ink);margin:0 0 7px;\r\n  display:flex;align-items:center;gap:9px}\r\n.cdrill .pbh h4 .dot{width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--gold);flex:none}\r\n.cdrill .pbh p{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.6;margin:0}\r\n.cdrill .pbh .pbtag{flex:none;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;\r\n  color:var(--blue-800);background:var(--blue-100);border-radius:99px;padding:6px 13px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .bars{padding:8px 24px 18px}\r\n.cdrill .subhead{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:18px 24px 2px;\r\n  border-top:1px solid #EEF2F9;margin-top:6px}\r\n.cdrill .subhead:first-of-type{border-top:0;margin-top:0}\r\n.cdrill .subhead h5{font-size:12.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:.01em;margin:0}\r\n.cdrill .subhead span{font-size:11.8px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .hero2{display:grid;grid-template-columns:260px 1fr;gap:18px}\r\n@media(max-width:860px){.cdrill .hero2{grid-template-columns:1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .ring-card{background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--blue-900),var(--blue-800) 70%,var(--blue-700));border-radius:var(--r);\r\n  padding:24px 20px;color:#fff;text-align:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center}\r\n.cdrill .ring{position:relative;width:150px;height:150px}\r\n.cdrill .ring svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}\r\n.cdrill .ring .bg{fill:none;stroke:rgba(255,255,255,.14);stroke-width:11}\r\n.cdrill .ring .fg{fill:none;stroke:var(--gold-lt);stroke-width:11;stroke-linecap:round;transition:stroke-dashoffset 1s ease}\r\n.cdrill .ring-txt{position:absolute;inset:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center}\r\n.cdrill .ring-txt b{font-size:40px;font-weight:800;color:var(--gold-lt);letter-spacing:-.03em;line-height:1}\r\n.cdrill .ring-txt span{font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#BFDBFE;margin-top:5px;font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .verdict2{margin-top:14px;font-size:13.4px;color:#DBEAFE;line-height:1.55}\r\n.cdrill .verdict2 b{color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .coach{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:18px 20px;background:var(--paper)}\r\n.cdrill .coach h4{font-size:14.5px;font-weight:800;margin-bottom:12px;display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}\r\n.cdrill .reco{display:flex;gap:12px;padding:11px 0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--line);align-items:flex-start}\r\n.cdrill .reco:last-child{border-bottom:0}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic{width:30px;height:30px;border-radius:8px;display:grid;place-items:center;font-size:13px;flex:none;margin-top:1px}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.hot{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.warm{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.cool{background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.good{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .reco p{font-size:13.8px;line-height:1.55}\r\n.cdrill .reco .go{margin-left:auto;flex:none;background:var(--blue-50);color:var(--blue-800);border:1px solid #D4E2FB;\r\n  border-radius:8px;padding:6px 12px;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .reco .go:hover{background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .planner{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#FFFDF6,#FFF8E8);border:1px solid #EADFC2;border-left:4px solid var(--gold);\r\n  border-radius:0 var(--r) var(--r) 0;padding:18px 20px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .planner h4{font-size:17px;font-weight:800;margin-bottom:5px;letter-spacing:-.01em}\r\n.cdrill .planner p{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.55;max-width:62ch}\r\n.cdrill .pbtns{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .pbtn{padding:11px 18px;border:1.5px solid var(--gold);border-radius:11px;background:#fff;color:#8A6206;\r\n  font-weight:800;font-size:13.5px;display:flex;gap:7px;align-items:center;white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .pbtn:hover{background:var(--gold-bg)}\r\n.cdrill .pbtn.primary{background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold));color:#3A2A02;border-color:var(--gold)}\r\n.cdrill .kpis{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(150px,1fr));gap:12px}\r\n.cdrill .kpi{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:15px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fff,var(--blue-50))}\r\n.cdrill .kpi b{display:block;font-size:26px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.03em}\r\n.cdrill .kpi span{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em}\r\n.cdrill .tblwrap{overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;background:#fff}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:13px;min-width:760px}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t th,.cdrill table.perf-t td{padding:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #EEF2F9;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t thead th{background:var(--blue-900);color:#fff;font-weight:700;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t th:first-child,.cdrill table.perf-t td:first-child{text-align:left;padding-left:14px}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t td:first-child{font-weight:700;max-width:280px;line-height:1.35;background:#FBFCFE}\r\n.cdrill .sub{display:block;font-size:10.6px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;margin-top:3px}\r\n.cdrill .tbar{height:6px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--wash);overflow:hidden;min-width:80px}\r\n.cdrill .tbar>i{display:block;height:100%;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10.4px;font-weight:800;padding:3px 9px;border-radius:99px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.04em}\r\n.cdrill .tag.hot{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .tag.warm{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .tag.ok{background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .tag.good{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .tag.na{background:#F1F5F9;color:var(--slate)}\r\n.cdrill .mini-go{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:5px 10px;font-size:11.2px;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue-800);transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .mini-go:hover{background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff;border-color:var(--blue-700)}\r\n.cdrill .lrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(150px,1.2fr) 2.4fr 96px;gap:18px;align-items:center;\r\n  padding:12px 10px;border-radius:9px;transition:background .13s;margin:0 -10px}\r\n.cdrill .lrow:hover{background:#FAFCFF}\r\n.cdrill .lrow+.lrow{border-top:1px solid #F1F5FB}\r\n@media(max-width:620px){.cdrill .lrow{grid-template-columns:1fr auto;row-gap:6px}.cdrill .lrow .ltrack{grid-column:1\/-1}}\r\n.cdrill .lname{font-size:13.4px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.35}\r\n.cdrill .lsub{display:block;font-size:10.8px;font-weight:600;color:var(--slate);margin-top:4px}\r\n.cdrill .ltrack{background:#EEF2F9;border-radius:99px;height:11px;overflow:hidden;\r\n  box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(16,32,74,.05)}\r\n.cdrill .lfill{height:100%;border-radius:99px;transition:width .8s cubic-bezier(.22,.9,.28,1)}\r\n.cdrill .lval{text-align:right;font-size:16px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em}\r\n.cdrill .lval small{display:block;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;color:var(--slate);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;margin-top:2px}\r\n.cdrill .split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:16px}\r\n@media(max-width:860px){.cdrill .split{grid-template-columns:1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:16px 18px}\r\n.cdrill .rev{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;width:100%;text-align:left;background:#FAFBFE;border-left:3px solid var(--gold);\r\n  border-radius:8px;padding:10px 12px;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:12.6px;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .rev:hover{background:var(--gold-bg);transform:translateX(3px)}\r\n.cdrill .rev .n{font-weight:800;color:#8A6206;flex:none}\r\n.cdrill .rev .t{flex:1;color:var(--slate);white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}\r\n.cdrill .rev .d{background:var(--gold);color:#3A2A02;padding:2px 8px;border-radius:99px;font-size:10.2px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .danger{border:1px dashed #F3C2C6;border-radius:12px;background:#FFFAFA;padding:16px 18px;\r\n  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .danger p{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);flex:1;min-width:220px;line-height:1.6}\r\n.cdrill .danger b{color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .dbtn{padding:11px 20px;background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #F3C2C6;border-radius:11px;color:var(--bad);\r\n  font-size:13px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .dbtn:hover{background:var(--bad);border-color:var(--bad);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .empty{text-align:center;padding:40px 20px;color:var(--slate)}\r\n.cdrill .empty b{display:block;color:var(--ink);font-size:16px;margin-bottom:6px}\r\n.cdrill .toast{position:fixed;bottom:26px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);background:var(--blue-900);color:#fff;\r\n  padding:12px 22px;border-radius:11px;font-weight:700;font-size:13.5px;z-index:9999;display:none;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}\r\n.cdrill .toast.show{display:block}\r\n.cdrill .toast.ok{background:var(--ok)}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- content protection ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;\r\n  -webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}\r\n\/* inputs must stay usable, or the search box cannot be edited *\/\r\n.cdrill input,.cdrill textarea,.cdrill select{-webkit-user-select:text;user-select:text}\r\n.cdrill.allow-select{-webkit-user-select:text;user-select:text}\r\n.cdrill img,.cdrill svg{-webkit-user-drag:none;user-drag:none;pointer-events:none}\r\n.cdrill .navtoggle,.cdrill .tab,.cdrill button{-webkit-user-drag:none}\r\n\/* screen obscured while the window is not in front *\/\r\n.cdrill.veiled .qbody,.cdrill.veiled .perf,.cdrill.veiled .chaplist,.cdrill.veiled .yearlist{\r\n  filter:blur(9px);transition:filter .12s}\r\n.cdrill .veilmsg{position:absolute;inset:0;display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;\r\n  background:rgba(244,247,253,.72);z-index:40;font-weight:800;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--blue-900);\r\n  text-align:center;padding:20px;border-radius:var(--r)}\r\n.cdrill.veiled .veilmsg{display:flex}\r\n\/* watermark over the question sheet \u2014 set by the script from CFG.watermark *\/\r\n.cdrill.wm .qbody{position:relative}\r\n.cdrill.wm .qbody::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;inset:0;pointer-events:none;z-index:3;\r\n  background-image:var(--wm);background-repeat:repeat;background-position:0 0}\r\n.cdrill{position:relative}\r\n\/* what a print or PDF export gets instead of the paper *\/\r\n.cdrill-printblock{display:none}\r\n@media print{\r\n  .cdrill{display:none!important}\r\n  .cdrill-printblock{display:block!important;padding:60px 40px;text-align:center;\r\n    font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif;color:#12246E}\r\n  .cdrill-printblock h2{font-size:20px;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 10px}\r\n  .cdrill-printblock p{font-size:13.5px;color:#5B6B85;line-height:1.7;max-width:60ch;margin:0 auto}\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- mobile ---------- *\/\r\n@media(max-width:640px){\r\n  .cdrill .wrap{padding:0 14px}\r\n\r\n  \/* hero: tighter, and the stat tiles share the row evenly *\/\r\n  .cdrill .hero{padding-top:18px}\r\n  .cdrill .hero h1{font-size:19px}\r\n  .cdrill .hero p{font-size:12.6px;margin-bottom:14px}\r\n  .cdrill .hstats{gap:7px}\r\n  .cdrill .hstat{flex:1 1 0;min-width:0;padding:8px 10px;text-align:center}\r\n  .cdrill .hstat b{font-size:17px}\r\n  .cdrill .hstat span{font-size:8.8px;letter-spacing:.06em}\r\n\r\n  \/* tabs scroll sideways instead of wrapping onto two lines *\/\r\n  .cdrill .tabs{margin-top:16px;gap:5px;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow-x:auto;scrollbar-width:none;\r\n    -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .cdrill .tabs::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}\r\n  .cdrill .tab{flex:none;padding:10px 15px;font-size:12.6px;gap:6px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n  .cdrill .tab[aria-selected=true]{padding-bottom:13px}\r\n\r\n  \/* THE FIX: pills were shrinking to fit instead of scrolling, which cut\r\n     every label in half. flex:none makes the row scroll as intended. *\/\r\n  .cdrill .filters .wrap{padding-top:11px;padding-bottom:11px;gap:8px;\r\n    -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\r\n  .cdrill .pill-f{flex:none;padding:8px 14px;font-size:12.6px;gap:6px}\r\n  .cdrill .pill-f .n{font-size:10.5px;padding:2px 7px}\r\n\r\n  \/* toolbar stacks *\/\r\n  .cdrill .grid{padding:14px 0 40px;gap:14px}\r\n  .cdrill .toolbar{gap:8px;padding-bottom:12px}\r\n  .cdrill .search{flex:1 1 100%;min-width:0}\r\n  .cdrill .tgl{flex:1;justify-content:center;padding:9px 12px;font-size:12.6px}\r\n\r\n  \/* question card *\/\r\n  .cdrill .qhead{padding:11px 14px;gap:8px}\r\n  .cdrill .qcount{font-size:15px;width:100%}\r\n  .cdrill .qmeta{gap:6px}\r\n  .cdrill .badge-ch{max-width:100%;font-size:11px;padding:5px 11px}\r\n  .cdrill .badge-m,.cdrill .badge-src,.cdrill .qtag{font-size:10.6px;padding:4px 10px}\r\n  .cdrill .qbody{padding:16px 14px 18px}\r\n  .cdrill .qsheet{padding:15px 15px 16px;border-radius:0 9px 9px 0}\r\n  .cdrill .stem,.cdrill .qsheet .lead,.cdrill .qsheet .intro,.cdrill .qsheet .close,\r\n  .cdrill .stmts li,.cdrill .opt .txt{font-size:16.6px !important;line-height:1.6}\r\n  .cdrill .lists{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}\r\n  .cdrill .opt{padding:11px 13px;gap:9px}\r\n  .cdrill .key{min-width:28px;font-size:16px !important}\r\n  .cdrill .opt.sel::after{display:none}\r\n  .cdrill .actions{gap:7px}\r\n  .cdrill .btn{flex:1;padding:11px 14px;font-size:13.4px;text-align:center}\r\n  .cdrill .flagbtn{margin-left:0;flex:1 1 100%;justify-content:center;padding:11px 14px}\r\n  .cdrill .expl{padding:14px 15px}\r\n  .cdrill .expl .body{font-size:15.4px}\r\n\r\n  \/* chapter list and navigator *\/\r\n  .cdrill .chaphead{padding:10px 14px;gap:8px}\r\n  .cdrill .chaphead .meta{margin-left:0;flex:1 1 100%;white-space:normal}\r\n  .cdrill .chapchip{padding:10px 14px;gap:7px}\r\n  .cdrill .chapchip .cn{font-size:12.2px}\r\n  .cdrill .yearlist{padding:14px;gap:8px}\r\n  .cdrill .ychip{flex:1 1 calc(33.333% - 6px);min-width:0;padding:10px 8px}\r\n  .cdrill .navgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(8,minmax(0,1fr));max-height:none}\r\n  .cdrill .rail .card{padding:14px}\r\n\r\n  \/* performance and analytics *\/\r\n  .cdrill .perf{padding:16px 14px 24px;gap:22px}\r\n  .cdrill .pbh{padding:16px 15px 14px;gap:10px}\r\n  .cdrill .pbh h4{font-size:15.4px}\r\n  .cdrill .pbh p{font-size:12.4px}\r\n  .cdrill .bars{padding:6px 15px 14px}\r\n  .cdrill .hero2{gap:14px}\r\n  .cdrill .ring-card{padding:20px 16px}\r\n  .cdrill .coach{padding:15px}\r\n  .cdrill .reco{gap:10px}\r\n  .cdrill .reco p{font-size:13px}\r\n  .cdrill .reco .go{margin-left:0;flex:1 1 100%;margin-top:6px}\r\n  .cdrill .planner{padding:15px;gap:12px}\r\n  .cdrill .pbtns{width:100%;gap:8px}\r\n  .cdrill .pbtn{flex:1 1 100%;justify-content:center;padding:12px 14px}\r\n  .cdrill .kpis{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:9px}\r\n  .cdrill .kpi{padding:12px}\r\n  .cdrill .kpi b{font-size:22px}\r\n  .cdrill .kpi span{font-size:10.4px}\r\n  .cdrill .panel{padding:14px}\r\n  .cdrill .danger{padding:14px}\r\n  .cdrill .dbtn{width:100%}\r\n  .cdrill .cyc{padding:20px 14px 14px;gap:8px}\r\n  .cdrill .cycbar{min-width:42px}\r\n  .cdrill .toast{left:14px;right:14px;transform:none;text-align:center;bottom:16px}\r\n}\r\n@media(max-width:380px){\r\n  .cdrill .hstat b{font-size:15.5px}\r\n  .cdrill .navgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr))}\r\n  .cdrill .ychip{flex:1 1 calc(50% - 5px)}\r\n  .cdrill .kpis{grid-template-columns:1fr}\r\n}\r\n\/* ===================================================================\r\n   UPSC PAPER SKIN  \u2014  scoped to .cdrill.paper\r\n   Remove the \"paper\" class on #cdRoot (or set CFG.paperMode = false)\r\n   to get the original card look back. Nothing above is overwritten.\r\n   =================================================================== *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper{\r\n  --pk-ink:#14161a; --pk-rule:#2b2f36; --pk-sheet:#fdfdfb; --pk-tint:#f4f6fa;\r\n  --pk-serif:'Times New Roman',Times,'Tinos','Liberation Serif','Nimbus Roman','TeX Gyre Termes',serif;   \/* UPSC booklet face; Tinos (loaded above) is the same design for phones without Times *\/\r\n}\r\n\/* ---- the sheet ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .qbody{background:var(--pk-sheet);padding:34px clamp(20px,4vw,54px) 26px}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet{background:transparent;border:0;padding:0;border-radius:0}\r\n\/* ---- question number: hanging indent, as the booklet sets it ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .lead{position:relative;padding-left:3.1em}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .intro,\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .close{padding-left:3.1em}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qno{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:2.5em;margin:0;text-align:left;\r\n  color:var(--pk-ink);font-weight:700;font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n\/* ---- body type ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .lead,\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .intro,\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .close,\r\n.cdrill.paper .stem{font-family:var(--pk-serif) !important;font-size:17.5px !important;\r\n  line-height:1.62;font-weight:400;color:var(--pk-ink);text-align:justify;hyphens:auto;-webkit-hyphens:auto}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet .close{text-align:left}\r\n\/* ---- numbered statements ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .stmts{margin:10px 0 0;padding-left:3.1em}\r\n.cdrill.paper .stmts li{grid-template-columns:2.5em 1fr;gap:0;align-items:baseline;margin:0 0 5px}\r\n.cdrill.paper .stmts li::before{font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:17.5px;font-weight:400;\r\n  color:var(--pk-ink);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill.paper .stmts li span{font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:17.5px;line-height:1.62;color:var(--pk-ink)}\r\n\/* ---- options: printed lines, not cards ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts{display:block;margin-top:20px;padding-left:3.1em;gap:0}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt{border:0 !important;background:transparent !important;box-shadow:none !important;\r\n  border-radius:4px;padding:5px 10px 5px 0;margin:0 0 3px;gap:0;align-items:baseline;transition:background .12s}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt:hover:not(:disabled){background:var(--pk-tint) !important;transform:none}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt .key{min-width:2.5em;font-family:var(--pk-serif) !important;font-size:17.5px !important;\r\n  font-weight:400;color:var(--pk-ink)}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt .txt{font-family:var(--pk-serif) !important;font-size:17.5px !important;\r\n  line-height:1.62;color:var(--pk-ink);text-align:left}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt.sel{background:var(--pk-tint) !important;box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--pk-rule) !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt.sel::after{display:none}\r\n\/* after checking \u2014 a rule in the margin and a glyph, as a script is marked *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt.right{background:transparent !important;box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 #0F7A52 !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt.wrong{background:transparent !important;box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 #B3261E !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt.right .key,.cdrill.paper .opt.right .txt{color:#0F7A52;font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opt.wrong .key,.cdrill.paper .opt.wrong .txt{color:#B3261E}\r\n.cdrill.paper .mark{font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:13px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0;\r\n  text-transform:none;padding-left:14px}\r\n.cdrill.paper .mark.r::before{content:\"\\2713  \"}\r\n.cdrill.paper .mark.w::before{content:\"\\2717  \"}\r\n\/* ---- tables inside a stem (the item-analysis question) ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:12px 0 12px 3.1em;\r\n  font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:16px}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet table td{border:1px solid var(--pk-rule);padding:5px 12px;text-align:center}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qsheet table tr td:first-child{text-align:left}\r\n\/* ---- booklet footer ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .paperfoot{margin:30px 0 0;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px solid #d8d5cc;\r\n  font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:13.5px;letter-spacing:.04em;color:#5a5f68;\r\n  display:flex;justify-content:space-between}\r\n.cdrill:not(.paper) .paperfoot{display:none}\r\n\/* ---- chrome kept, quietened ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .qhead{background:#f7f8f6;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e0d7}\r\n.cdrill.paper .qcount{font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill.paper .expl{background:#fff}\r\n\/* ---- mobile ---- *\/\r\n@media(max-width:700px){\r\n  .cdrill.paper .qbody{padding:22px 16px 18px}\r\n  .cdrill.paper .qsheet .lead,.cdrill.paper .qsheet .intro,.cdrill.paper .qsheet .close,\r\n  .cdrill.paper .stmts li span,.cdrill.paper .opt .key,.cdrill.paper .opt .txt{font-size:16px !important}\r\n  .cdrill.paper .qsheet .lead,.cdrill.paper .qsheet .intro,.cdrill.paper .qsheet .close,\r\n  .cdrill.paper .stmts,.cdrill.paper .opts{padding-left:2.4em}\r\n  .cdrill.paper .qno{width:2em}\r\n  .cdrill.paper .opt .key{min-width:2em}\r\n  .cdrill.paper .qsheet table{margin-left:0;font-size:14px}\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* ===================================================================\r\n   PAGE TURN  \u2014  book style. The leaf being turned is a copy of the page,\r\n   hinged on the spine at the left edge, laid over the card while the\r\n   real page underneath already shows the new question.\r\n   Off when CFG.pageTurn is false or the reader prefers reduced motion.\r\n   =================================================================== *\/\r\n.cdrill #qCard{position:relative}\r\n.cdrill #qCard.turning{overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;z-index:30;pointer-events:none;\r\n  perspective:2200px;perspective-origin:0% 50%}\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .under{position:absolute;inset:0;overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .leaf{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;overflow:hidden;\r\n  transform-origin:0% 50%;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;\r\n  will-change:transform;box-shadow:0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)}\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .leaf .qbody,\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .under .qbody{margin:0}\r\n\/* darkening on the leaf as it tilts away from the light *\/\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .shade{position:absolute;inset:0;pointer-events:none;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(40,32,20,.05) 0%,rgba(40,32,20,.22) 55%,rgba(40,32,20,.42) 100%)}\r\n\/* the gutter shadow the lifted leaf casts on the page below *\/\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .cast{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;width:55%;pointer-events:none;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(30,24,14,.28),rgba(30,24,14,0))}\r\n\/* the spine: a faint crease along the left edge while a leaf is moving *\/\r\n.cdrill .leafwrap .spine{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;width:14px;pointer-events:none;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(30,24,14,.22),rgba(30,24,14,0))}\r\n\r\n\/* ===================================================================\r\n   BADGE-SRC  \u2014  the PYQ \/ Concept tag beside the question count\r\n   =================================================================== *\/\r\n.cdrill .badge-src{font-weight:800;font-size:11.5px;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:99px;\r\n  white-space:nowrap;letter-spacing:.02em}\r\n.cdrill .badge-src.pyq{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#16305F,#22468A);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .badge-src.con{background:#E4ECFB;color:#22468A;border:1px solid #CBD8F6}\r\n\r\n\/* ===================================================================\r\n   PAPER STOCK  \u2014  .cdrill.paper.stock\r\n   Real book paper, not a photocopy: a warm off-white sheet with a very\r\n   fine fibre grain, a soft edge shading where the page curves away, and\r\n   crisp ink. Nothing grey, nothing dirty. All CSS, no images.\r\n   =================================================================== *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock{\r\n  --pk-ink  : #121418;\r\n  --pk-sheet: #fbf9f4;          \/* warm off-white, the colour of book stock *\/\r\n}\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qbody{\r\n  background:\r\n    \/* fibre grain \u2014 two offset hairline weaves, barely visible *\/\r\n    repeating-linear-gradient(  0deg, rgba(120,105,80,.020) 0 1px, transparent 1px 3px),\r\n    repeating-linear-gradient( 90deg, rgba(120,105,80,.016) 0 1px, transparent 1px 4px),\r\n    \/* the faint warmth a sheet picks up towards its edges *\/\r\n    radial-gradient(125% 90% at 50% 42%, #fdfcf9 0%, #fbf9f4 58%, #f5f1e8 100%);\r\n  box-shadow:\r\n    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.9),          \/* the lit top edge   *\/\r\n    inset 0 -14px 22px -18px rgba(120,105,80,.20); \/* the page falling away *\/\r\n}\r\n\/* crisp ink \u2014 no bleed, no smudge *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qsheet .lead,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qsheet .intro,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qsheet .close,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .stmts li span,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opt .key,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opt .txt,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qno{color:var(--pk-ink);text-shadow:none}\r\n\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opt:hover:not(:disabled){background:rgba(255,255,255,.7) !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opt.sel{background:rgba(255,255,255,.92) !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .paperfoot{border-top:1px solid rgba(120,105,80,.22);color:#6b6459}\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qhead{background:#f6f3ec;border-bottom:1px solid #e6e0d3}\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .expl{background:#fffefb}\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .qsheet table td{border-color:#3a3630}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\/* ---- resume bar ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill .resumebar{\r\n  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;\r\n  margin:0;padding:11px 18px;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(180deg,#EEF3FF,#E4ECFB);\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #CBD8F6;\r\n  font-size:13.5px;color:#22468A;\r\n}\r\n.cdrill .resumebar b{font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .rb-btn{\r\n  border:1px solid #B9CBF2;background:#fff;color:#22468A;\r\n  font:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:12.5px;\r\n  padding:6px 14px;border-radius:99px;cursor:pointer;white-space:nowrap;\r\n}\r\n.cdrill .rb-btn:hover{background:#F5F8FF;border-color:#8FAEE8}\r\n.cdrill.paper .resumebar{\r\n  background:#f2efe6;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd7c7;color:#4a4437;\r\n  font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:14px;\r\n}\r\n.cdrill.paper .rb-btn{border-color:#cfc7b3;color:#4a4437;font-family:var(--pk-serif)}\r\n@media(max-width:700px){ .cdrill .resumebar{font-size:12.5px;padding:10px 14px} }\r\n\r\n\/* ---- the QUESTION in bold \u2014 stem, its statements and any table in it.\r\n        The options stay at normal weight, so the eye separates what is\r\n        being asked from what is being chosen between. ---- *\/\r\n.cdrill.boldq .qsheet .lead,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .qsheet .intro,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .qsheet .close,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .qsheet .stem,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .stmts li span,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .stmts li::before,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .qsheet table td{font-weight:700 !important}\r\n.cdrill.boldq .qno{font-weight:800 !important}\r\n\/* options explicitly held at normal weight *\/\r\n.cdrill.boldq .opt .key,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .opt .txt{font-weight:400 !important}\r\n\/* except the one marked correct after checking, which keeps its emphasis *\/\r\n.cdrill.boldq .opt.right .key,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .opt.right .txt{font-weight:600 !important}\r\n\/* the match-the-following grid, where present *\/\r\n.cdrill.boldq .mtab th,\r\n.cdrill.boldq .mtab td{font-weight:700 !important}\r\n\/* the explanation is untouched \u2014 none of the selectors above reach it,\r\n   so its <b> tags keep working normally *\/\r\n\r\n\/* ===================================================================\r\n   OPTION BOXES \u2014 the chosen option and the correct option are shown\r\n   as full coloured boxes (placed last so it wins over the paper skin)\r\n   =================================================================== *\/\r\n.cdrill .opts .opt.sel,\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.sel,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opts .opt.sel{\r\n  background:#EAF0FF !important;border:1.5px dotted var(--blue-700) !important;\r\n  box-shadow:none !important;border-radius:10px !important;\r\n  padding:8px 12px !important;margin:0 0 8px !important}\r\n.cdrill .opts .opt.right,\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.right,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opts .opt.right{\r\n  background:#E3F6EC !important;border:1.5px dotted #0F7A52 !important;\r\n  box-shadow:none !important;border-radius:10px !important;\r\n  padding:8px 12px !important;margin:0 0 8px !important}\r\n.cdrill .opts .opt.wrong,\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.wrong,\r\n.cdrill.paper.stock .opts .opt.wrong{\r\n  background:#FDE8E9 !important;border:1.5px dotted #B3261E !important;\r\n  box-shadow:none !important;border-radius:10px !important;\r\n  padding:8px 12px !important;margin:0 0 8px !important}\r\n\/* unanswered options keep the same footprint, so nothing jumps when colour appears *\/\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts .opt{border:1.5px solid transparent !important;border-radius:10px;\r\n  padding:8px 12px !important;margin:0 0 8px !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.right .key,.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.right .txt{color:#0B5E3F !important}\r\n.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.wrong .key,.cdrill.paper .opts .opt.wrong .txt{color:#8E1C22 !important}\r\n\r\n\/* ===================================================================\r\n   UPSC TYPE  \u2014  the question sheet set the way the Commission prints it\r\n   Times New Roman (Tinos on devices without it), regular weight, only\r\n   the question number bold, justified, no hyphenation. Spacing measured\r\n   off a Prelims booklet. Tune the four numbers below; nothing else.\r\n   =================================================================== *\/\r\n#cdRoot.paper{\r\n  --uq    : 19px;     \/* body size                                   *\/\r\n  --uq-lh : 1.25;     \/* line height  (booklet \u2248 1.22)               *\/\r\n  --uq-gap: .8em;     \/* space between stem, statements, close line  *\/\r\n  --uq-in : 2em;      \/* hanging indent after the question number    *\/\r\n}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet,#cdRoot.paper .stmts,#cdRoot.paper .opts,#cdRoot.paper .lists{font-size:var(--uq) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .lead,#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .intro,#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .close,\r\n#cdRoot.paper .stmts li,#cdRoot.paper .stmts li span,#cdRoot.paper .stmts li::before,\r\n#cdRoot.paper .opt .key,#cdRoot.paper .opt .txt,\r\n#cdRoot.paper .lcol li,#cdRoot.paper .lcol li b,#cdRoot.paper .lcol li span,\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet table{\r\n  font-family:var(--pk-serif) !important;font-size:var(--uq) !important;line-height:var(--uq-lh) !important;\r\n  font-weight:400 !important;color:var(--pk-ink);letter-spacing:0;word-spacing:0;\r\n  font-kerning:normal;font-variant-ligatures:common-ligatures;-webkit-font-smoothing:auto}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet table{font-size:calc(var(--uq) - 2px) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .lead,#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .intro,#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .close,\r\n#cdRoot.paper .stmts li span{text-align:justify !important;text-justify:inter-word;\r\n  hyphens:manual !important;-webkit-hyphens:manual !important}\r\n\r\n\/* question number: bold, hanging *\/\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .lead{padding-left:var(--uq-in) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qno{width:var(--uq-in) !important;font-family:var(--pk-serif) !important;font-size:var(--uq) !important;\r\n  line-height:var(--uq-lh) !important;font-weight:700 !important;color:var(--pk-ink) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .intro,#cdRoot.paper .qsheet .close{padding-left:var(--uq-in) !important;margin:var(--uq-gap) 0 0 !important}\r\n\r\n\/* numbered statements: \"1.\" set in from the stem, text hanging after it *\/\r\n#cdRoot.paper .stmts{margin:var(--uq-gap) 0 0 !important;padding-left:calc(var(--uq-in) + .8em) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .stmts li{display:grid !important;grid-template-columns:1.25em minmax(0,1fr) !important;gap:0 !important;\r\n  align-items:baseline !important;margin:0 0 var(--uq-gap) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .stmts li:last-child{margin-bottom:0 !important}\r\n\r\n\/* List-I \/ List-II *\/\r\n#cdRoot.paper .lists{margin:var(--uq-gap) 0 0 !important;padding-left:var(--uq-in);gap:2.2em}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .lcol h5{font-family:var(--pk-serif);font-size:var(--uq);font-weight:700;color:var(--pk-ink);\r\n  border:0;padding:0;margin:0 0 .45em;letter-spacing:0}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .lcol ul{gap:.45em}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .lcol li{grid-template-columns:1.6em minmax(0,1fr) !important}\r\n\r\n\/* options: one per line, \"(a)\" under the stem text, text two em after *\/\r\n#cdRoot.paper .opts{margin:var(--uq-gap) 0 0 !important;padding-left:calc(var(--uq-in) - 10px) !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .opts .opt{padding:5px 10px !important;margin:0 0 8px !important;gap:0 !important;align-items:baseline !important}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .opt .key{min-width:2em !important;flex:none}\r\n#cdRoot.paper .opts .opt.right .key,#cdRoot.paper .opts .opt.right .txt{font-weight:700 !important}\r\n\r\n@media(max-width:700px){\r\n  #cdRoot.paper{--uq:17px; --uq-in:1.9em}\r\n  #cdRoot.paper .lists{padding-left:0}\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- Exam score (rail) ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .negtag{margin-left:6px;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:none;font-weight:800;\r\n  color:var(--bad);background:var(--bad-bg);padding:2px 7px;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .xrows{display:grid;gap:5px;margin-top:10px;font-size:12.6px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .xrows div{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px dotted var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .xrows b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .xrows b.bad{color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .jnote{margin:9px 0 0;font-size:11.8px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.5}\r\n.cdrill .nil{color:#B6C2D6;font-weight:700}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- Scorecard (rail) ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .sc-head{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;\r\n  padding:13px 16px 11px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-title{min-width:0}\r\n.cdrill .sc-title b{display:block;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .sc-title span{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--ink);font-weight:700;margin-top:3px;\r\n  overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .sc-head .negtag{margin:1px 0 0;flex:none;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .negtag.none{color:var(--ok);background:var(--ok-bg)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-top{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:14px 16px 13px}\r\n.cdrill .sc-ring{position:relative;width:100px;height:100px;flex:none}\r\n.cdrill .sc-ring svg{transform:rotate(-90deg);display:block}\r\n.cdrill .sc-ring .c{position:absolute;inset:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center}\r\n.cdrill .sc-ring .c b{font-size:20px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.03em;line-height:1;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .sc-ring .c b small{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0}\r\n.cdrill .sc-ring .c span{font-size:8.8px;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800;margin-top:4px}\r\n.cdrill .sc-big{min-width:0}\r\n.cdrill .sc-lab{display:block;font-size:9.8px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .sc-big b{display:block;font-size:33px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:1.05;margin-top:3px;\r\n  font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .sc-big b.neg{color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-big i{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.4px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .sc-pct{display:inline-block;margin-top:7px;font-size:10.8px;font-weight:800;padding:3px 9px;border-radius:99px;\r\n  background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));border-top:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-grid div{padding:10px 4px 9px;text-align:center;border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-grid div:nth-child(3n){border-right:0}\r\n.cdrill .sc-grid b{display:block;font-size:18px;font-weight:800;line-height:1.15;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .sc-grid span{display:block;font-size:9.2px;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);\r\n  font-weight:800;margin-top:3px}\r\n.cdrill .sc-time{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px 8px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:10px 16px;font-size:12.2px;\r\n  color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-time b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:800;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .pace{font-size:10.2px;font-weight:800;padding:2px 8px;border-radius:99px;margin-left:auto;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .pace.ok{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .pace.warm{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .pace.hot{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-act{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;padding:12px 16px 16px}\r\n.cdrill .sc-chip{flex:1 1 0;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 6px;\r\n  border:1.5px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;font-size:11.8px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);background:#fff;\r\n  white-space:nowrap;transition:.14s;text-align:center}\r\n.cdrill .sc-chip b{font-size:10.6px;background:var(--wash);color:var(--slate);padding:1px 7px;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .sc-chip.w b{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-chip:hover:not(:disabled){border-color:var(--blue-700);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-chip[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:var(--blue-50);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .sc-chip:disabled{opacity:.45;cursor:default}\r\n@media(max-width:960px){.cdrill #scCard{order:-1}}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- per-question timer ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .badge-t{font-weight:700;font-size:12px;padding:5px 11px;border-radius:99px;background:#EEF2F7;color:var(--slate);\r\n  font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .badge-t.warm{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .badge-t.hot{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .badge-t.paused{background:#E2E8F0;color:#64748B}\r\n.cdrill .badge-t.done{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- review modes ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .modebar{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:10px 18px;\r\n  background:#FFF3F4;border-bottom:1px solid #F3C2C6;font-size:13px;color:#8E1C22;border-radius:var(--r) var(--r) 0 0}\r\n.cdrill .modebar.blank{background:var(--blue-50);border-color:#CBD8F6;color:var(--blue-900)}\r\n.cdrill .modebar b{font-weight:800}\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"cdrill\" id=\"cdRoot\">\r\n\r\n  <header class=\"hero\">\r\n    <div class=\"wrap\">\r\n      <div class=\"eyebrow\" id=\"cdEyebrow\">CSS ADDA \u00b7 PromotionExams.com<\/div>\r\n      <h1 id=\"cdTopic\">Chapter-wise Test Series<\/h1>\r\n      <p id=\"cdSub\">Chapter-wise drills, scored the way the exam marks them.<\/p>\r\n      <div class=\"hstats\">\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hQ\">0<\/b><span>Questions<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hCh\">0<\/b><span>Chapters<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hMastered\">0%<\/b><span>Mastered<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hReady\">\u2014<\/b><span>Readiness<\/span><\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"tabs\" role=\"tablist\">\r\n        <button class=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"quiz\">\u270f\ufe0f Practice<\/button>\r\n        <button class=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"perf\">\ud83d\udcca My Performance <span class=\"pill hide\" id=\"perfPill\">!<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/header>\r\n  <div class=\"goldrule\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"filters\" id=\"cdFilters\">\r\n    <div class=\"wrap\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Filter questions\">\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f\" data-f=\"all\" aria-pressed=\"true\">\ud83d\udccb All questions<span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fAll\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f\" data-f=\"chapter\">\ud83d\udcda By chapter<\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f warn\" data-f=\"weak\">\u26a0\ufe0f Weak areas<span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fWeak\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f\" data-f=\"flagged\">\ud83d\udd16 Flagged<span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fFlag\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\r\n    <!-- ============ PRACTICE ============ -->\r\n    <div class=\"grid\" id=\"viewQuiz\">\r\n      <div>\r\n        <div class=\"toolbar\">\r\n          <div class=\"search\">\r\n            <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\"><circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"11\" r=\"7\"\/><path d=\"M20 20l-3.5-3.5\"\/><\/svg>\r\n            <input id=\"cdSearch\" placeholder=\"Search a phrase or a rule number\" aria-label=\"Search questions\">\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <button class=\"tgl\" id=\"tglUn\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><span class=\"box\">\u25fb<\/span> Unattempted only<\/button>\r\n          <button class=\"tgl\" id=\"tglReset\">\u21ba Reset session<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <section class=\"card chapcard hide\" id=\"chapPanel\">\r\n          <div class=\"chaphead\">\r\n            <b>\ud83d\udcda Filter by chapter<\/b><i id=\"chapHint\"><\/i>\r\n            <span class=\"meta\" id=\"ctxMeta\"><\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"chaplist\" id=\"chapList\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Choose chapter\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n\r\n        <section class=\"card hide\" id=\"emptyCard\">\r\n          <div class=\"qhead\"><span class=\"qcount\">Nothing to show<\/span><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"empty\" id=\"emptyBody\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n\r\n        <section class=\"card\" id=\"qCard\">\r\n          <div class=\"modebar hide\" id=\"modeBar\"><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"qhead\">\r\n            <span class=\"qcount\" id=\"qCount\">Question 1 of 1<\/span>\r\n            <span class=\"qmeta\">\r\n              <span class=\"badge-t hide\" id=\"qTime\" title=\"Time on this question\">\u23f1 0:00<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"badge-src\" id=\"qSrc\">Concept<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"badge-m\" id=\"qMastery\">Not seen yet<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"badge-ch\"><span id=\"qChap\">Chapter<\/span><\/span>\r\n              <span id=\"qTags\" class=\"qtags\"><\/span>\r\n            <\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"qbody\">\r\n            <p class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"opts\" id=\"qOpts\"><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"paperfoot\" id=\"cdFoot\"><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"actions\">\r\n              <button class=\"btn\" id=\"btnCheck\">See Explanation<\/button>\r\n              <button class=\"btn ghost\" id=\"btnPrev\">\u2190 Previous<\/button>\r\n              <button class=\"btn ghost\" id=\"btnNext\">Next \u2192<\/button>\r\n              <button class=\"flagbtn\" id=\"btnFlag\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><span id=\"flagIco\">\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f<\/span><span id=\"flagTxt\">Flag<\/span><\/button>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <p class=\"hint hide\" id=\"pickHint\">Choose an option above, then check your answer.<\/p>\r\n\r\n            <div id=\"result\" class=\"hide\">\r\n              <div class=\"verdict\" id=\"verdict\"><\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"expl hide\" id=\"explCard\">\r\n                <div class=\"expl-h\">Source &amp; reasoning<\/div>\r\n                <div id=\"explBody\" class=\"body\"><\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <aside class=\"rail\">\r\n        <section class=\"card\" id=\"navCard\" style=\"padding:0\">\r\n          <div class=\"nav-head\"><b id=\"navTitle\">Navigator<\/b><button class=\"navtoggle\" id=\"navToggle\">Hide<\/button><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"navgrid\" id=\"navGrid\"><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"legend\">\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:var(--ok-bg);border:1.5px solid #8FD3B6\"><\/i>Correct<\/span>\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:var(--bad-bg);border:1.5px solid #F0AEB4\"><\/i>Wrong<\/span>\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #C5CFE0\"><\/i>Not attempted<\/span>\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:var(--ok)\"><\/i>Mastered<\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n        <section class=\"card\" id=\"scCard\" style=\"padding:0\">\r\n          <div class=\"sc-head\">\r\n            <div class=\"sc-title\"><b>Scorecard<\/b><span id=\"scSet\">\u2014<\/span><\/div>\r\n            <span class=\"negtag\" id=\"negTag\"><\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"sc-top\">\r\n            <div class=\"sc-ring\" id=\"scRing\" role=\"img\"><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"sc-big\">\r\n              <span class=\"sc-lab\">Net score<\/span>\r\n              <b id=\"scNet\">0<\/b>\r\n              <i id=\"scMax\">of 0 marks<\/i>\r\n              <span class=\"sc-pct\" id=\"scPct\"><\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"sc-grid\" id=\"scGrid\"><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"sc-time\" id=\"scTime\"><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"sc-act\">\r\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"sc-chip w\" id=\"scWrong\" aria-pressed=\"false\">\u2715 Review wrong <b id=\"scWrongN\">0<\/b><\/button>\r\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"sc-chip\" id=\"scBlank\" aria-pressed=\"false\">\u25cb Unanswered <b id=\"scBlankN\">0<\/b><\/button>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n        <div class=\"card hide\" id=\"shareCard\">\r\n          <h3 id=\"wHead\">Share on screen<\/h3>\r\n          <div class=\"score\"><b id=\"wPct\" style=\"color:#8A6206\">\u2014<\/b><i id=\"wUnit\">of this bank<\/i><\/div>\r\n          <p style=\"margin:8px 0 0;font-size:12.8px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.55\" id=\"wNote\"><\/p>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"card hide\" id=\"srcCard\">\r\n          <h3>Source text<\/h3>\r\n          <p style=\"margin:9px 0 12px;font-size:12.8px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.55\">Every explanation here is drawn from the full text of the subject. Open it when a citation needs checking.<\/p>\r\n          <a class=\"btn\" id=\"srcLink\" href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"display:block;text-align:center;text-decoration:none\">\ud83d\udcd6 Read the source<\/a>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/aside>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- ============ PERFORMANCE ============ -->\r\n    <div class=\"hide\" id=\"viewPerf\">\r\n      <section class=\"card\" style=\"margin:20px 0 60px\">\r\n        <div class=\"qhead\"><span class=\"qcount\">My Performance<\/span><span class=\"badge-w\" id=\"perfCount\">0 attempted<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"perf\" id=\"perfBody\"><\/div>\r\n      <\/section>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"veilmsg\" id=\"veilMsg\">Paused \u2014 bring this window back to the front to continue<\/div>\r\n  <div class=\"toast\" id=\"toast\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"cdrill-printblock\">\r\n  <h2>This test series is not available in print<\/h2>\r\n  <p>The questions, explanations and your progress are licensed for use on\r\n     PromotionExams.com and cannot be printed or saved as a PDF. Please\r\n     work through them on screen.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n\"use strict\";\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   1. CONFIGURATION  \u2190 EDIT PER SUBJECT\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst CFG = {\r\n  quizId : 'rpwd-chapterwise',   \/\/ \u2190 CHANGE for every page: the progress key. Keep the old page's value when upgrading,\r\n  paperMode   : true,               \/\/ true \u2192 UPSC booklet look; false \u2192 original card look\r\n  bookletCode : '',                 \/\/ e.g. 'JHGD-U-OFX'. Blank \u2192 only the page number prints\r\n  numberQuestions : false,          \/\/ false \u2192 every stem opens with 'Q.'  \u00b7  true \u2192 1. 2. 3.\r\n  boldQuestion    : false,          \/\/ false = as UPSC prints it: question regular, only its number bold\r\n  pyqLabel        : 'PYQ',          \/\/ text before the year on the tag\r\n  showConceptTag  : true,           \/\/ items with no year show a grey 'Concept' tag\r\n  paperTexture    : true,           \/\/ warm paper stock with a fine grain\r\n                                    \/\/ so change it for every new page you publish\r\n  topic  : 'Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act & Rules',   \/\/ \u2190 the subject name, e.g. 'CCS (Pension) Rules, 2021'\r\n  eyebrow: '',                      \/\/ e.g. 'UPSC SO \/ Steno LDCE \u00b7 Paper II' \u2014 leave blank to hide\r\n  sub    : 'Chapter-wise drills, scored the way the exam marks them.',\r\n\r\n  \/* --- SOURCE PAGE ---------------------------------------------------\r\n     The page on your site that carries the full text of this subject.\r\n     A \"Read the source\" card then appears in the rail. Leave it blank\r\n     and the card disappears.                                            *\/\r\n  sourceUrl   : '',                 \/\/ e.g. 'https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/your-source-page\/'\r\n  sourceLabel : 'full source text', \/\/ shown on the link\r\n\r\n  \/* --- IMPORTANCE ----------------------------------------------------\r\n     You set the importance of each chapter yourself, in chapterImportance\r\n     below. It drives the ranking, the study plan and the planner \u2014 the\r\n     bigger the number, the more of your next sitting that chapter gets.\r\n     It is never described as exam weightage, so it is safe on a subject\r\n     with no previous year papers.\r\n     Leave the whole map empty and the page falls back silently to each\r\n     chapter's share of the bank, and stops mentioning importance at all. *\/\r\n\r\n  masteryThreshold : 3,     \/\/ clean correct answers before a question counts as mastered\r\n  weakThreshold    : 1,     \/\/ wrong attempts before a question is flagged weak\r\n\r\n  priorAccuracy : 0.30,     \/\/ expected-score model: shrink raw accuracy toward this\r\n  priorStrength : 6,\r\n  retention     : { baseDays:3, growth:2.5, riskBelow:0.70 },\r\n\r\n\r\n  \/* INSTANT FEEDBACK\r\n     true  \u2014 picking an option marks it right or wrong straight away. The\r\n             explanation stays folded until See Explanation is pressed,\r\n             and Next works at any time.\r\n     false \u2014 the old two-step flow: pick, then press Check answer, which\r\n             grades and opens the explanation together. *\/\r\n  instantCheck : true,\r\n\r\n  \/* PAGE TURN \u2014 true: Next \/ Previous turn the page like a book, hinged\r\n     on the spine at the left. false (default): the question simply changes. *\/\r\n  pageTurn : false,\r\n\r\n  \/* SCORECARD \u2014 marks per question and the negative marking.\r\n     Set wrong to 0 if the exam has no negative marking. *\/\r\n  marking : { correct:1, wrong:1\/3 },\r\n\r\n  \/* TIMING \u2014 the per-question timer runs only while a question is\r\n     unanswered, on screen, and the learner is active. *\/\r\n  secondsPerQuestion : 60,    \/\/ target pace; the scorecard compares against it\r\n  idleSeconds        : 180,   \/\/ no tap, scroll or key for this long \u2192 timer pauses\r\n\r\n  \/* WATERMARK \u2014 faint diagonal text across the question sheet, so every\r\n     screenshot carries it. {user} is filled in when the sync snippet\r\n     prints the learner (window.CSSADDA_SYNC.user); blank '' turns it off. *\/\r\n  watermark : 'PromotionExams.com \u00b7 {user}'\r\n};\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   2. CHAPTER IMPORTANCE  \u2190 you set this by hand\r\n   Keys do NOT have to match your chapter names exactly. Anything that\r\n   starts with a chapter or appendix number is matched on that number\r\n   alone, so 'Ch 2' finds 'CH 2: GENERAL\r\n   PROVISIONS', and 'Apndx 5' finds 'APPENDIX 5: FORMS...'.\r\n   Chapter, Chap, CH, Ch-2, 2. \u2014 all read the same. For appendices:\r\n   Appendix, Apndx, Appx, Annex, Annexure, in digits or roman numerals.\r\n   A key with no number falls back to a loose text match.\r\n   Numbers are relative: they need NOT total 100. A chapter you leave\r\n   out is given its share of the bank instead and is marked \"not rated\r\n   yet\" in the performance table.\r\n   Empty this map altogether to switch importance off everywhere.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst chapterImportance = {\r\n  \/\/ 'Ch 1' : 30,\r\n  \/\/ 'Ch 2' : 45,\r\n  \/\/ 'Apndx 1' : 25,   \u2190 appendices work the same way\r\n};\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   3. QUESTION BANK  \u2190 PASTE YOUR BANK HERE\r\n   { id, chapter, question, options[], correct, explanation }\r\n     id          unique within its chapter\r\n     chapter     must match a key in chapterImportance exactly\r\n     correct     0-indexed\r\n     explanation may contain HTML; cite the rule or paragraph in <b> tags\r\n   A stem may carry \"\\n1. ...\" statement lines or a \"List-I \/ List-II\"\r\n   block \u2014 both are laid out automatically, and so is a plain stem.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst chapterQuestions = [\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 1,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, India ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"13th December, 2006\",\r\n      \"27th December, 2016\",\r\n      \"3rd December, 2006\",\r\n      \"1st October, 2007\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Preamble<\/b><br>The Preamble records that <i>'India ratified the said Convention on the 1st day of October, 2007'<\/i>, after noting that <i>'India is a signatory to the said Convention'<\/i>. The Act is described as one <i>'to give effect to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>13th December, 2006 is the date on which the UN General Assembly adopted the Convention. 27th December, 2016 is the date of the President's assent to the Act. 3rd December is the International Day of Persons with Disabilities and has no place in the Preamble.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 2,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Accessibility\\n2. Universal design\\n3. Equality of opportunity\\n4. Respect for difference and acceptance of persons with disabilities as part of human diversity and humanity\\nWhich of the above are among the principles for empowerment of persons with disabilities laid down in the UN Convention?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Preamble, clauses (a) to (h)<\/b><br>The eight principles recited include <i>'(e) equality of opportunity'<\/i>, <i>'(f) accessibility'<\/i> and <i>'(d) respect for difference and acceptance of persons with disabilities as part of human diversity and humanity'<\/i>; the others are dignity and autonomy, non-discrimination, full participation, equality between men and women, and respect for evolving capacities of children.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. Universal design is not a recited principle; it is a defined term under Section 2(ze).<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 3,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following decisions:\\n1. A decision of the designated authority appointing a legal guardian\\n2. An order of the competent authority revoking a certificate of registration of an institution\\n3. A decision of the certifying authority on an application for a certificate of disability\\n4. An order of the Chief Commissioner on a complaint of deprivation of rights\\nAgainst which of the above does an appeal lie to an appellate authority, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(a)<\/b><br>An appellate authority is <i>'an authority notified under sub-section (3) of section 14 or sub-section (1) of section 53 or designated under sub-section (1) of section 59'<\/i>. These cover appeals against appointment of a legal guardian (Section 14(3)), refusal or revocation of registration (Section 53(1)) and decisions of the certifying authority (Section 59(1)).<br><br>Item 4 is wrong. The Chief Commissioner's functions and powers under Sections 75 to 77 carry no appeal to an appellate authority.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 4,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the appellate authorities hearing appeals against the appointment of a legal guardian, against refusal of registration of an institution and against decisions of a certifying authority are notified or designated by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Government\",\r\n      \"Appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"State Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 2(a), 14(3), 53(1) and 59(1)<\/b><br>In each case the appeal lies to an appellate authority <i>'as may be notified by the State Government'<\/i> (Sections 14(3) and 53(1)) or <i>'as the State Government may designate for the purpose'<\/i> (Section 59(1)).<br><br>The appropriate Government designates the certifying authorities themselves under Section 57(1). The Central Government notifies the assessment guidelines under Section 56 and prescribes the form of the certificate under Section 58. The Chief Commissioner is not an appellate forum under any of these provisions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 5,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, which one of the following is a 'local authority' for which the 'appropriate Government' is the Central Government?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A Municipality\",\r\n      \"A Panchayat\",\r\n      \"A civic body set up under a State Act\",\r\n      \"A Cantonment Board\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(b) and 2(p)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government is the Central Government in relation to <i>'a Cantonment Board constituted under the Cantonments Act, 2006'<\/i>, and the State Government in relation to <i>'any local authority, other than a Cantonment Board'<\/i>. Section 2(p) separately lists a Cantonment Board as a local authority.<br><br>A Municipality, a Panchayat and <i>'any other authority established under an Act of Parliament or a State Legislature to administer the civic affairs'<\/i> are local authorities whose appropriate Government is the State Government.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 6,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following factors:\\n1. Attitudinal\\n2. Political\\n3. Genetic\\n4. Institutional\\nWhich of the above are expressly included in the definition of 'barrier'?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(c)<\/b><br>A barrier means <i>'any factor including communicational, cultural, economic, environmental, institutional, political, social, attitudinal or structural factors which hampers the full and effective participation of persons with disabilities in society'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. A genetic condition is a source of impairment, not a barrier; under Section 2(s) it is the impairment <i>'in interaction with barriers'<\/i> that creates disability. Genetic causes appear in the Schedule (muscular dystrophy, haemophilia, thalassemia), not in the definition of barrier.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 7,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a 'care-giver' means:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Any family member who, without payment, provides care to a person with benchmark disability\",\r\n      \"Any person registered with the competent authority who provides care to a person with disability\",\r\n      \"Any limited guardian appointed by a District Court to support a person with disability\",\r\n      \"Any person, including parents, who with or without payment provides care to a person with disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(d)<\/b><br>A care-giver is <i>'any person including parents and other family Members who with or without payment provides care, support or assistance to a person with disability'<\/i>. Payment is immaterial and the person cared for need not have a benchmark disability.<br><br>Registration with the competent authority under Section 50 applies to institutions, not care-givers. A limited guardian is appointed under Section 14(1) to take legally binding decisions, which is a distinct role.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 8,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the 'certifying authority' competent to issue a certificate of disability is designated by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Government\",\r\n      \"Appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"State Government\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(e) read with Section 57(1)<\/b><br>The certifying authority is <i>'an authority designated under sub-section (1) of section 57'<\/i>, and under that provision <i>'The appropriate Government shall designate persons, having requisite qualifications and experience, as certifying authorities'<\/i>.<br><br>The Central Government notifies the guidelines for assessing the extent of specified disability (Section 56). The State Government designates the appellate authority against the certifying authority's decision (Section 59(1)). The Chief Commissioner has no role in certification.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 9,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the 'competent authority' for registration of institutions for persons with disabilities is appointed by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Central Government\",\r\n      \"State Government\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(g) read with Section 49<\/b><br>The competent authority is <i>'an authority appointed under section 49'<\/i>, which provides: <i>'The State Government shall appoint an authority as it deems fit to be a competent authority'<\/i> for registration of institutions.<br><br>The trap is the appropriate Government, which designates certifying authorities under Section 57. The Central Government has no registration role; Section 54 in fact excludes institutions established or maintained by the Central or State Government from registration. The State Commissioner is appointed under Section 79 and does not register institutions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 10,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, 'discrimination' in relation to disability is defined to expressly include:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Failure to notify posts identified for reservation\",\r\n      \"Refusal to issue a certificate of disability\",\r\n      \"Failure to make existing public buildings accessible\",\r\n      \"Denial of reasonable accommodation\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(h)<\/b><br>Discrimination means <i>'any distinction, exclusion, restriction on the basis of disability'<\/i> which has the purpose or effect of impairing equal enjoyment of rights, and <i>'includes all forms of discrimination and denial of reasonable accommodation'<\/i>.<br><br>Identification of posts is a separate duty under Section 33, refusal of a certificate is appealable under Section 59, and accessibility of existing public buildings is governed by the time limit in Section 45. None is written into the definition.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 11,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Defined term) with List-II (Item expressly included in the definition):\\nList-I\\nA. Communication\\nB. Information and communication technology\\nC. Transportation systems\\nD. Public facilities and services\\nList-II\\n1. Para transit systems for the last mile connectivity\\n2. Braille, tactile communication and human-reader\\n3. Banking, finance and insurance, and access to justice\\n4. Web based, electronic and print, digital and virtual services\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(f), (n), (x) and (zd)<\/b><br>Communication includes <i>'Braille, tactile communication'<\/i> and <i>'human-reader'<\/i>. Information and communication technology includes <i>'web based services, electronic and print services, digital and virtual services'<\/i>. Transportation systems include <i>'para transit systems for the last mile connectivity'<\/i>. Public facilities and services include <i>'banking, finance and insurance'<\/i> and <i>'access to justice'<\/i>.<br><br>The A-4\/B-2 trap exploits the fact that communication itself includes <i>'accessible information and communication technology'<\/i>, but web, print and virtual services are listed only under Section 2(n).<br><br>Hence, A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 12,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. A body aided by a local authority\\n2. A Government company as defined in the Companies Act, 2013\\n3. A cooperative society\\n4. A Department of the Government\\nWhich of the above fall within the definition of 'Government establishment'?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(k)<\/b><br>A Government establishment means <i>'a corporation established by or under a Central Act or State Act or an authority or a body owned or controlled or aided by the Government or a local authority'<\/i> or a Government company, and <i>'includes a Department of the Government'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. A <i>'cooperative or other society'<\/i> is listed in Section 2(v) as a private establishment. Section 2(i) makes establishment include both kinds, but the two definitions do not overlap.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 13,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, besides the entities enumerated in the definition, any other establishment becomes a 'private establishment' when so specified by notification by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Government\",\r\n      \"Appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"State Government\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(v)<\/b><br>A private establishment means <i>'a company, firm, cooperative or other society, associations, trust, agency, institution, organisation, union, factory or such other establishment as the appropriate Government may, by notification, specify'<\/i>.<br><br>The Central Government's notification powers in this field relate to commencement (Section 1(2)), assessment guidelines (Section 56) and amendment of the Schedule (Section 99). The State Government appoints the competent authority for registration (Section 49). The Chief Commissioner has no power to notify establishments.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 14,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, 'high support', meaning intensive physical, psychological and other support for daily activities and participation in all areas of life, is defined with reference to support required by:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Any person with disability\",\r\n      \"A person with multiple disabilities\",\r\n      \"A person with benchmark disability\",\r\n      \"A child with disability below eighteen years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(l) and 2(t)<\/b><br>High support means <i>'an intensive support, physical, psychological and otherwise, which may be required by a person with benchmark disability for daily activities, to take independent and informed decision'<\/i>. Correspondingly, a person with disability having high support needs is <i>'a person with benchmark disability certified under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 58 who needs high support'<\/i>.<br><br>Multiple disabilities is only one category in the Schedule, and eighteen years is the age limit for free education under Section 31, not a condition of high support.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 15,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where a specified disability has not been defined in measurable terms, a person with benchmark disability is a person with not less than what extent of that disability?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Twenty-five per cent.\",\r\n      \"Fifty per cent.\",\r\n      \"Forty per cent.\",\r\n      \"Sixty per cent.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(r)<\/b><br>A person with benchmark disability means <i>'a person with not less than forty per cent. of a specified disability where specified disability has not been defined in measurable terms'<\/i>, as certified by the certifying authority.<br><br>Twenty-five per cent. is the minimum by which assistance under social security schemes must exceed similar schemes for others (Section 24(1), proviso). Fifty and sixty per cent. have no place in the definition; sixty is the lower dB limit for hard of hearing in the Schedule.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 16,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where a specified disability has been defined in measurable terms, a person qualifies as a person with benchmark disability if he:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Has not less than forty per cent. of that disability, as assessed by a Medical Board\",\r\n      \"Is certified by the Assessment Board as needing high support for that disability\",\r\n      \"Has not less than forty per cent. of that disability, as certified by the competent authority\",\r\n      \"Is a person with that disability as so defined, as certified by the certifying authority\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(r)<\/b><br>The definition <i>'includes a person with disability where specified disability has been defined in measurable terms, as certified by the certifying authority'<\/i>. The forty per cent. test applies only <i>'where specified disability has not been defined in measurable terms'<\/i>; for measurable disabilities, such as the dB or visual-acuity limits in the Schedule, meeting the definition itself is enough.<br><br>The Assessment Board under Section 38(2) assesses need for high support, not benchmark status. The competent authority under Section 49 registers institutions and does not certify disability.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 17,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. The impairment is long term.\\n2. The impairment operates in interaction with barriers.\\n3. The impairment is certified by a certifying authority.\\n4. The impairment hinders full and effective participation in society equally with others.\\nWhich of the above are elements of the definition of 'person with disability'?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(s)<\/b><br>A person with disability means <i>'a person with long term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment which, in interaction with barriers, hinders his full and effective participation in society equally with others'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Certification <i>'by the certifying authority'<\/i> is an element of the definition of person with benchmark disability under Section 2(r), not of person with disability. Many rights in Chapter II extend to every person with disability, certified or not.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 18,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding a 'public building', under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. A private building used or accessed by the public at large is a public building.\\n2. Reformatories and judicial foras are covered.\\n3. A building used for vocational purposes is covered only if it is a Government building.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(w)<\/b><br>A public building means <i>'a Government or private building, used or accessed by the public at large, including a building used for educational or vocational purposes'<\/i>, and extends to <i>'law enforcement agencies, reformatories or judicial foras'<\/i>, railway stations, bus terminus, airports and waterways.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The Government-or-private test applies uniformly; a private building used for vocational purposes and accessed by the public is also covered. This matters for the accessibility duties under Sections 44 and 45.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 19,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the modification and adjustments constituting 'reasonable accommodation' are qualified by the requirement that they be made:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Within the limit of the economic capacity and development of the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Only for persons with benchmark disabilities in Government establishments\",\r\n      \"Without imposing a disproportionate or undue burden in a particular case\",\r\n      \"Within such period as the Chief Commissioner may by order specify\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(y)<\/b><br>Reasonable accommodation means <i>'necessary and appropriate modification and adjustments, without imposing a disproportionate or undue burden in a particular case, to ensure to persons with disabilities the enjoyment or exercise of rights equally with others'<\/i>.<br><br>The phrase <i>'within the limit of its economic capacity and development'<\/i> qualifies the social security duty in Section 24(1), and similar wording appears in Sections 27 and 55. The definition is not confined to benchmark disability or to Government establishments, and the Chief Commissioner fixes no period for it.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 20,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, to be a 'registered organisation', an association, organisation, trust, society or non-profit company working for the welfare of persons with disabilities must be duly registered under:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"An Act of Parliament only\",\r\n      \"An Act of Parliament or a State Legislature\",\r\n      \"The registration provisions administered by the competent authority\",\r\n      \"A scheme notified by the Central Advisory Board\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(z)<\/b><br>A registered organisation includes associations of persons with disabilities, of parents and of family members, and <i>'a voluntary or non-governmental or charitable organisation or trust, society, or non-profit company working for the welfare of the persons with disabilities, duly registered under an Act of Parliament or a State Legislature'<\/i>.<br><br>Registration by the competent authority under Sections 49 to 51 is a separate requirement for institutions. The Central Advisory Board under Section 65 is advisory and registers no one.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 21,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding a 'Special Employment Exchange':\\n1. It is an office or place established and maintained by the Government.\\n2. It collects and furnishes information regarding all persons with disabilities who seek employment.\\n3. It collects and furnishes information regarding vacancies to which persons with benchmark disabilities seeking employment may be appointed.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(zb)<\/b><br>A Special Employment Exchange is <i>'any office or place established and maintained by the Government'<\/i> for information regarding employers seeking employees <i>'from amongst the persons with disabilities'<\/i>, <i>'persons with benchmark disability who seek employment'<\/i> and vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. Job-seekers are covered only if they are persons with benchmark disability; the wider expression person with disability is used only for the employer limb.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 22,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding 'universal design':\\n1. It covers the design of products and environments, but not programmes and services.\\n2. It aims at usability by all people without the need for adaptation or specialised design.\\n3. It applies to assistive devices including advanced technologies for particular groups of persons with disabilities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 2(ze)<\/b><br>Universal design means <i>'the design of products, environments, programmes and services to be usable by all people to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialised design'<\/i> and <i>'shall apply to assistive devices including advanced technologies for particular group of persons with disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. Programmes and services are expressly included alongside products and environments.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 23,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, differential treatment of a person with disability on the ground of disability is NOT discrimination if the impugned act or omission is shown to be:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Free from any disproportionate or undue burden on the establishment\",\r\n      \"Necessary in the interest of public order, decency or morality\",\r\n      \"Approved in advance by the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"A proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 3(3)<\/b><br>No person with disability shall be discriminated on the ground of disability <i>'unless it is shown that the impugned act or omission is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.'<\/i><br><br>The phrase <i>'without imposing a disproportionate or undue burden'<\/i> belongs to the definition of reasonable accommodation in section 2(y), not to the discrimination exception. Public order, decency or morality are constitutional grounds of restriction, not a test in this law. The State Commissioner (section 80) has no power to pre-approve differential treatment.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 24,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding equality and non-discrimination of persons with disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The appropriate Government shall take steps to utilise the capacity of persons with disabilities by providing appropriate environment.\\n2. A person with disability may be deprived of personal liberty on the ground of disability where a competent court so orders in his or her best interest.\\n3. The appropriate Government shall take necessary steps to ensure reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 3(2), (4) and (5)<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 3 reproduce section 3(2) and 3(5).<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. Section 3(4) is unqualified: <i>'No person shall be deprived of his or her personal liberty only on the ground of disability.'<\/i> The exception of <i>'an order of competent court, if required, in the best interest of the child'<\/i> is found in section 9(1), and applies only to separating a child with disability from his or her parents.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 25,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, children with disabilities have the right, on an equal basis, to freely express their views on all matters affecting them, and are to be provided appropriate support keeping in view their:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Age and gender\",\r\n      \"Age and maturity\",\r\n      \"Disability and family circumstances\",\r\n      \"Age and disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 4(2)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government and local authorities shall ensure that children with disabilities have the right to freely express their views and <i>'provide them appropriate support keeping in view their age and disability'<\/i>.<br><br><i>'with due regard to age and gender'<\/i> is the qualifier for community support services under section 5(2)(b). Age and maturity is the test used in general child-rights instruments, not in this provision; family circumstances are relevant only to placement under section 9(2).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 26,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following obligations relating to persons with disabilities:\\n1. Ensuring that children with disabilities have the right to freely express their views on all matters affecting them\\n2. Endeavouring that persons with disabilities are not obliged to live in any particular living arrangement\\n3. Promoting participation of persons with disabilities in adult education and continuing education programmes\\n4. Conducting a periodic survey of school going children for identifying children with disabilities\\nWhich of the above are cast jointly on the appropriate Government and the local authorities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 4(2), 5(2), 17(a) and 18<\/b><br>Section 4(2) opens <i>'The appropriate Government and local authorities shall ensure'<\/i>; sections 17 and 18 both begin <i>'The appropriate Government and the local authorities shall take'<\/i> measures, which include the survey under section 17(a) and adult education under section 18.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. Under section 5(2) only <i>'The appropriate Government shall endeavour'<\/i> that persons with disabilities are not obliged to live in any particular living arrangement; local authorities are not named.<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 27,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding community life of persons with disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Persons with disabilities have the right to live in the community.\\n2. The appropriate Government shall endeavour that persons with disabilities are given access to in-house, residential and other community support services, including personal assistance.\\n3. Such community support services are to be provided with due regard to age and disability.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 5(1) and (2)(b)<\/b><br>Section 5(1): <i>'The persons with disabilities shall have the right to live in the community.'<\/i> Section 5(2)(b) speaks of <i>'access to a range of in-house, residential and other community support services, including personal assistance necessary to support living'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The services are given <i>'with due regard to age and gender'<\/i>. Support <i>'keeping in view their age and disability'<\/i> is the standard in section 4(2) for children expressing their views.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 28,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, in the Committee for Research on Disability, the minimum proportion of Members who must themselves be either persons with disabilities or Members of a registered organisation is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"One-third\",\r\n      \"Two-thirds\",\r\n      \"One-half\",\r\n      \"One-fourth\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 6(2)(ii)<\/b><br>Research on a person with disability needs prior permission of a Committee for Research on Disability <i>'in which not less than half of the Members shall themselves be either persons with disabilities or Members of the registered organisation as defined under clause (z) of section 2.'<\/i><br><br>The fractions one-third, two-thirds and one-fourth have no place in this composition rule; they are common distractors drawn from other statutory bodies. The manner of constituting the Committee is prescribed by State rules under section 101(2)(a).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 29,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding research involving persons with disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The consent of the person with disability must be free and informed and obtained through accessible modes, means and formats of communication.\\n2. The Committee for Research on Disability is constituted by the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities.\\n3. Prior permission of the Committee for Research on Disability is required in addition to the consent of the person concerned.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 6(2)<\/b><br>No person with disability shall be a subject of any research without <i>'his or her free and informed consent obtained through accessible modes, means and formats of communication; and'<\/i> prior permission of the Committee. The word <i>'and'<\/i> makes both conditions cumulative.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. The Committee is <i>'constituted in the prescribed manner for the purpose by the appropriate Government'<\/i>. The Chief Commissioner (section 74) monitors and inquires into deprivation of rights but constitutes no such Committee.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 30,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, on receiving information that abuse, violence or exploitation is being committed against a person with disability, the authority empowered to pass orders for rescue, protective custody and maintenance of that person is the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Special Court\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability\",\r\n      \"Executive Magistrate\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 7(2) and (3)<\/b><br>Information is given <i>'to the Executive Magistrate within the local limits of whose jurisdiction such incidents occur.'<\/i> The Executive Magistrate <i>'shall take immediate steps to stop or prevent its occurrence'<\/i> or pass orders for rescue, protective custody and maintenance.<br><br>The Special Court under section 84 is a Court of Session that tries offences. The State Commissioner (section 80) inquires into deprivation of rights. The District-level Committee is constituted under section 72 with functions prescribed by the State Government; none of them passes protective orders under this provision.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 31,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding orders that may be passed for the protection of a person with disability who is a victim of abuse, violence or exploitation, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. A rescue order may authorise the police or any organisation working for persons with disabilities to provide for the safe custody or rehabilitation of such person.\\n2. An order for protective custody may be passed if the person with disability so desires.\\n3. An order to provide maintenance to the person with disability may be passed only by a Judicial Magistrate on a complaint forwarded to him.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 7(3) and (5)<\/b><br>The Executive Magistrate may pass an order <i>'authorising the police or any organisation working for persons with disabilities to provide for the safe custody or rehabilitation of such person, or both'<\/i>, and <i>'for providing protective custody to the person with disability, if such person so desires'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The order <i>'to provide maintenance to such person with disability'<\/i> is itself made by the Executive Magistrate under section 7(3)(c). Forwarding to a Judicial or Metropolitan Magistrate under section 7(5) arises only when the act constitutes an offence.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 32,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following:\\n1. The right to free legal aid\\n2. The right to claim compensation from the National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\\n3. The particulars of the nearest organisation or institution working for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities\\n4. The right to file a complaint under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 or any other law dealing with such offence\\nOf which of the above must a police officer, who comes to know of abuse of a person with disability, inform the aggrieved person?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 7(4)<\/b><br>The police officer shall inform the aggrieved person of the right to apply for protection and the particulars of the Executive Magistrate, <i>'the particulars of the nearest organisation or institution working for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities'<\/i>, <i>'the right to free legal aid; and'<\/i> the right to file a complaint.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. The National Fund under section 86 finances schemes and programmes; it carries no individual right of compensation that the police must disclose.<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 33,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, if the Executive Magistrate finds that the alleged abuse of a person with disability constitutes an offence under the Indian Penal Code, he may forward the complaint to the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Special Court specified for the district\",\r\n      \"Judicial or Metropolitan Magistrate having jurisdiction\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Officer in charge of the nearest police station\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 7(5)<\/b><br>The Executive Magistrate <i>'may forward the complaint to that effect to the Judicial or Metropolitan Magistrate, as the case may be, having jurisdiction in the matter.'<\/i><br><br>The Special Court is a Court of Session specified under section 84 to try offences under this law. The State Commissioner (section 80) deals with complaints of deprivation of rights. The police are separately bound by the proviso to section 7(4) to proceed on a cognizable offence; the Magistrate does not forward the complaint to them.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 34,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Body) with List-II (Obligation towards persons with disabilities):\\nList-I\\nA. State Disaster Management Authority\\nB. District Disaster Management Authority\\nC. State Legal Services Authority\\nD. State Election Commission\\nList-II\\n1. Maintain a record of details of persons with disabilities and inform them of situations of risk\\n2. Ensure that all materials related to the electoral process are easily understandable by and accessible to them\\n3. Ensure their inclusion in its disaster management activities\\n4. Make provisions, including reasonable accommodation, for equal access to its schemes and services\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 8(2), 8(3), 11 and 12(3)<\/b><br>The National and State Disaster Management Authorities ensure <i>'inclusion of persons with disabilities in its disaster management activities'<\/i>. The District Disaster Management Authority <i>'shall maintain record of details of persons with disabilities in the district'<\/i>. Legal Services Authorities make provisions <i>'including reasonable accommodation'<\/i>. The Election Commissions ensure that electoral materials are <i>'easily understandable by and accessible to them.'<\/i><br><br>The trap codes swap the State and District disaster authorities: record-keeping is a district-level duty.<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 35,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, reconstruction activities subsequent to a situation of risk, armed conflict or natural disaster are to be undertaken, in accordance with accessibility requirements of persons with disabilities, in consultation with the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"State Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"Concerned State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 8(4)<\/b><br>The authorities engaged in reconstruction activities <i>'shall undertake such activities, in consultation with the concerned State Commissioner, in accordance with the accessibility requirements of persons with disabilities.'<\/i><br><br>Consultation with the Chief Commissioner is required for accessibility rules under section 40 and awareness campaigns under section 39 (with the State Commissioner as the case may be). The State Advisory Board (section 66) and the District-level Committee (section 72) have advisory and prescribed functions, not this consultative role.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 36,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a child with disability may be separated from his or her parents on the ground of disability only:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"On an order of the Executive Magistrate, if the child so desires\",\r\n      \"On the recommendation of the District-level Committee on disability\",\r\n      \"With the prior approval of the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"On an order of a competent court in the best interest of the child\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 9(1)<\/b><br><i>'No child with disability shall be separated from his or her parents on the ground of disability except on an order of competent court, if required, in the best interest of the child.'<\/i><br><br>The Executive Magistrate's protective custody <i>'if such person so desires'<\/i> belongs to section 7(3)(b), a protective order for victims of abuse. The District-level Committee (section 72) and the State Commissioner (section 79) have no role in separating a child from parents.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 37,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where the parents are unable to take care of a child with disability, the competent court shall place the child in one of the following settings. Arrange them in the order of preference laid down by law:\\n1. Shelter home run by the appropriate Government or a non-governmental organisation\\n2. Near relations of the child\\n3. Within the community in a family setting\\nSelect the correct order:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"3-2-1\",\r\n      \"2-1-3\",\r\n      \"3-1-2\",\r\n      \"2-3-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 9(2)<\/b><br>The competent court <i>'shall place such child with his or her near relations, and failing that within the community in a family setting or in exceptional cases in shelter home run by the appropriate Government or non-governmental organisation'<\/i>.<br><br>The words <i>'failing that'<\/i> and <i>'in exceptional cases'<\/i> fix the sequence: near relations first, a community family setting next, and an institutional shelter home last.<br><br>Hence, 2-3-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 38,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding reproductive rights of persons with disabilities:\\n1. A medical procedure leading to infertility may be performed on a person with severe disability with the consent of the guardian, on the opinion of a registered medical practitioner.\\n2. The appropriate Government shall ensure that persons with disabilities have access to appropriate information regarding reproductive and family planning.\\n3. The bar on infertility-causing medical procedures without free and informed consent protects every person with disability and not only women with disabilities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 10<\/b><br>Section 10(1) requires access to <i>'appropriate information regarding reproductive and family planning.'<\/i> Section 10(2): <i>'No person with disability shall be subject to any medical procedure which leads to infertility without his or her free and informed consent.'<\/i> The words <i>'his or her'<\/i> show it covers all persons.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. There is no guardian-consent exception to section 10(2). The exception for <i>'severe cases of disability'<\/i> with the <i>'consent of the guardian'<\/i> appears in section 92(f) and relates only to termination of pregnancy.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 39,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the duty to ensure that all polling stations are accessible to persons with disabilities is cast on the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Appropriate Government, in consultation with the Election Commission of India\",\r\n      \"Election Commission of India and the State Election Commissions\",\r\n      \"Central Government, in consultation with the Chief Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Election Commission of India, in consultation with the State Commissioners\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 11<\/b><br><i>'The Election Commission of India and the State Election Commissions shall ensure that all polling stations are accessible to persons with disabilities'<\/i> and that electoral materials are easily understandable and accessible.<br><br>The duty is placed directly on both Commissions, without any consultation requirement. Consultation with the Chief Commissioner attaches to the Central Government's accessibility rules under section 40. State Commissioners are consulted for reconstruction activities under section 8(4), not for elections.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 40,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the appropriate Government is to put in place suitable support measures for persons with disabilities for exercising legal rights, specially for those:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Living in institutions and those with high support needs\",\r\n      \"With benchmark disabilities and those living in rural areas\",\r\n      \"Living outside family and those disabled requiring high support\",\r\n      \"Who are women and children with disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 12(2)<\/b><br>Support measures are for persons with disabilities <i>'specially those living outside family and those disabled requiring high support for exercising legal rights.'<\/i><br><br>The phrase <i>'living in institutions and those with high support needs'<\/i> describes the target of support arrangements for exercising legal capacity set up by the designated authority under section 15(2). Women and children with disabilities are the subject of section 4. Rural residence is not a category used here.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 41,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Ensuring that all their public documents are in accessible formats\\n2. Supplying filing departments and registries with equipment to file, store and refer to documents and evidence in accessible formats\\n3. Making facilities available to record testimonies of persons with disabilities in their preferred language and means of communication\\n4. Appointing a Special Public Prosecutor in every district for cases involving persons with disabilities\\nWhich of the above are steps the appropriate Government is required to take to ensure access to justice?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 12(4)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall <i>'ensure that all their public documents are in accessible formats'<\/i>, equip filing departments and registries, and facilitate recording of <i>'testimonies, arguments or opinion given by persons with disabilities in their preferred language and means of communication.'<\/i><br><br>Item 4 is wrong. A Special Public Prosecutor is specified or appointed by the State Government under section 85(1) for each Special Court, and only through an optional notification (<i>'may'<\/i>), not as an access-to-justice step for every district.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 42,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding support to persons with disabilities in financial and property matters:\\n1. Where a conflict of interest arises in a particular transaction, the supporting person shall abstain from providing support in that transaction.\\n2. A conflict of interest is presumed where the supporting person is related to the person with disability by blood, affinity or adoption.\\n3. A person providing support shall not exercise undue influence and shall respect the autonomy, dignity and privacy of the person with disability.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 13(3) and (5)<\/b><br>On a conflict of interest the <i>'supporting person shall abstain from providing support to the person with disability in that transaction'<\/i>. Section 13(5) bars undue influence and requires respect for <i>'his or her autonomy, dignity and privacy.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. The proviso to section 13(3) says the opposite: <i>'there shall not be a presumption of conflict of interest just on the basis that the supporting person is related to the person with disability by blood, affinity or adoption.'<\/i><br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 43,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where a person with disability dismantles an existing support arrangement and seeks the support of another, the dismantling:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Takes effect only on approval of the district court or the designated authority\",\r\n      \"Is prospective and does not nullify earlier third party transactions\",\r\n      \"Is retrospective and renders earlier transactions voidable at his or her option\",\r\n      \"Takes effect only after review by the Assessment Board on high support\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 13(4) and proviso<\/b><br>A person with disability <i>'may alter, modify or dismantle any support arrangement and seek the support of another'<\/i>, and the change <i>'shall be prospective in nature and shall not nullify any third party transaction'<\/i> entered into with the earlier arrangement.<br><br>No approval is needed: the district court or designated authority acts only on limited guardianship under section 14(1). The Assessment Board under section 38(2) assesses applications for high support, not changes in support arrangements.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 44,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, all of the following are expressly guaranteed to persons with disabilities equally with others under the provision on legal capacity EXCEPT:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Reservation in allotment of agricultural land and housing\",\r\n      \"Right to own or inherit property, movable or immovable\",\r\n      \"Right to control their financial affairs\",\r\n      \"Access to bank loans, mortgages and other forms of financial credit\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 13(1)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall ensure the right <i>'to own or inherit property, movable or immovable, control their financial affairs and have access to bank loans, mortgages and other forms of financial credit.'<\/i><br><br>Reservation in allotment of agricultural land and housing is not a legal-capacity guarantee. It is a five per cent. benefit for persons with benchmark disabilities under schemes notified under section 37(a).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 45,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, support of a limited guardian to take legally binding decisions may be provided to a person with disability who:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Has been certified as a person with benchmark disability of not less than forty per cent.\",\r\n      \"Has been certified by the Assessment Board as needing high support\",\r\n      \"Had been provided adequate and appropriate support but is unable to take legally binding decisions\",\r\n      \"Has been placed in a shelter home on an order of a competent court\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 14(1)<\/b><br>Limited guardianship is available where the district court or designated authority finds that a person with disability <i>'who had been provided adequate and appropriate support but is unable to take legally binding decisions'<\/i>.<br><br>The forty per cent. threshold defines a person with benchmark disability in section 2(r). Certification of high support by the Assessment Board arises under section 38(3). Placement in a shelter home is a child-care measure under section 9(2). None of these by itself triggers guardianship.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 46,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a finding that a person with disability may be provided further support of a limited guardian is made by:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A district court or a designated authority notified by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"A district court or a designated authority notified by the State Government\",\r\n      \"The State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"The certifying authority that issued the certificate of disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 14(1)<\/b><br>The finding is made by <i>'a district court or any designated authority, as notified by the State Government'<\/i>, and support is provided in the manner <i>'prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>.<br><br>The State Commissioner (section 79) monitors rights but appoints no guardian. The certifying authority designated under section 57 only issues certificates of disability. The Central Government has no role in notifying the designated authority.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 47,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding limited guardianship, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. It operates in accordance with the best interest of the person with disability as determined by the guardian.\\n2. It is a system of joint decision which operates on mutual understanding and trust between the guardian and the person with disability.\\n3. It is limited to a specific period and for specific decision and situation.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 14(1), Explanation<\/b><br><i>'\u201climited guardianship\u201d means a system of joint decision which operates on mutual understanding and trust between the guardian and the person with disability'<\/i>, which shall be <i>'limited to a specific period and for specific decision and situation'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. It <i>'shall operate in accordance to the will of the person with disability'<\/i>, not the guardian's view. The <i>'best interest of the child'<\/i> test belongs to section 9(1) on separation of a child from parents.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 48,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, total support, instead of limited guardianship, may be granted to a person with disability:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Only where the person is certified as having high support needs\",\r\n      \"Only where the person is a child whose parents are unable to take care of him or her\",\r\n      \"Where the earlier guardian is found to have exercised undue influence\",\r\n      \"Requiring such support, or where limited guardianship is to be granted repeatedly\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 14(1), proviso<\/b><br>The court or designated authority <i>'may grant total support to the person with disability requiring such support or where the limited guardianship is to be granted repeatedly'<\/i>, and the decision <i>'shall be reviewed by the Court or the designated authority'<\/i>.<br><br>High support needs are assessed under section 38. Inability of parents to care for a child leads to placement by the competent court under section 9(2), not total support. Undue influence is barred by section 13(5) but is not a ground for total support.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 49,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"A guardian appointed for a person with disability under any other law in force shall, on and from the commencement of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Be deemed to provide total support until reviewed\",\r\n      \"Cease to function unless re-appointed by the designated authority\",\r\n      \"Be deemed to function as a limited guardian\",\r\n      \"Continue as plenary guardian subject to appeal to the appellate authority\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 14(2)<\/b><br><i>'every guardian appointed under any provision of any other law for the time being in force, for a person with disability shall be deemed to function as a limited guardian.'<\/i><br><br>Total support is a separate grant under the proviso to section 14(1), with mandatory review. There is no automatic cessation or re-appointment. The appellate authority under section 14(3) hears appeals against appointment of a legal guardian; it does not preserve plenary guardianship.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 50,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding guardianship of persons with disabilities:\\n1. The manner of providing support of a limited guardian is prescribed by the State Government.\\n2. A decision to grant total support shall be reviewed by the court or the designated authority to determine the nature and manner of support.\\n3. An appeal against the decision of the designated authority appointing a legal guardian lies to an appellate authority notified by the Central Government.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 14(1) and (3)<\/b><br>Limited guardian support is provided <i>'in such manner, as may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>, and the total-support decision is reviewed <i>'to determine the nature and manner of support to be provided.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The appeal lies <i>'to such appellate authority, as may be notified by the State Government for the purpose.'<\/i> The State Government likewise notifies the appellate authority for registration appeals under section 53(1).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 51,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the authorities designated to mobilise the community and support persons with disabilities in exercise of legal capacity shall set up suitable support arrangements, in particular for persons with disabilities:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Living in institutions and those with high support needs\",\r\n      \"Living outside family and those requiring high support\",\r\n      \"Who are women and children with disabilities\",\r\n      \"Who are under limited guardianship\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 15(2)<\/b><br>The designated authority <i>'shall take measures for setting up suitable support arrangements to exercise legal capacity by persons with disabilities living in institutions and those with high support needs'<\/i>.<br><br>Persons <i>'living outside family'<\/i> are the focus of support measures for exercising legal rights in access to justice under section 12(2). Women and children with disabilities are covered by section 4. Persons under limited guardianship are dealt with under section 14.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 52,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the duty to provide inclusive education to children with disabilities extends to educational institutions:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Funded or recognised by the appropriate Government or the local authorities\",\r\n      \"Wholly or substantially financed by the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Receiving aid from the Government at the level of higher education\",\r\n      \"Run only by the appropriate Government or the local authorities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 16<\/b><br>The appropriate Government and the local authorities <i>'shall endeavour that all educational institutions funded or recognised by them provide inclusive education to the children with disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>The phrase <i>'wholly or substantially financed'<\/i> is used to define appropriate Government in section 2(b). Institutions <i>'receiving aid from the Government'<\/i> are covered by the five per cent. higher education reservation in section 32(1). Recognised private institutions are also included, so the duty is not limited to Government-run ones.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 53,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Admitting children with disabilities without discrimination and providing opportunities for sports and recreation activities equally with others\\n2. Detecting specific learning disabilities in children at the earliest\\n3. Reserving not less than five per cent. seats for children with benchmark disabilities\\n4. Monitoring participation, progress in terms of attainment levels and completion of education of every student with disability\\nWhich of the above are duties of educational institutions providing inclusive education?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 16(i), (vi) and (vii)<\/b><br>Institutions shall <i>'admit them without discrimination and provide education and opportunities for sports and recreation activities equally with others'<\/i>, <i>'detect specific learning disabilities in children at the earliest'<\/i> and monitor <i>'participation, progress in terms of attainment levels and completion of education'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Reservation of <i>'not less than five per cent. seats'<\/i> applies under section 32(1) to higher education institutions for persons with benchmark disabilities, not to school-level inclusive education.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 54,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the periodic survey for identifying children with disabilities, ascertaining their special needs and the extent to which these are being met, is to cover:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"All children between the age of six and eighteen years\",\r\n      \"School going children\",\r\n      \"Children enrolled in special schools\",\r\n      \"Children with benchmark disabilities certified by the certifying authority\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 17(a)<\/b><br>The survey is <i>'of school going children'<\/i>, conducted <i>'for identifying children with disabilities, ascertaining their special needs and the extent to which these are being met'<\/i>.<br><br>The six-to-eighteen age band defines the right of children with benchmark disabilities to free education under section 31(1). Special schools are one of the choices under section 31(1). Certification by the certifying authority arises under section 57; the survey is meant to identify children, not only those already certified.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 55,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Category) with List-II (Educational measure):\\nList-I\\nA. Persons who are blind or deaf or both\\nB. Persons with speech, communication or language disabilities\\nC. Students with benchmark disability\\nD. Children with disabilities having high support needs\\nList-II\\n1. Transportation facilities for their attendant\\n2. Use of augmentative and alternative modes to supplement the use of one's own speech\\n3. Scholarships in appropriate cases\\n4. Education imparted in the most appropriate languages and modes and means of communication\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 16(v), 16(viii), 17(f) and 17(h)<\/b><br>Education to persons <i>'who are blind or deaf or both is imparted in the most appropriate languages and modes and means of communication'<\/i>. Augmentative and alternative modes serve <i>'persons with speech, communication or language disabilities'<\/i>. Scholarships go <i>'in appropriate cases to students with benchmark disability'<\/i>. Transport extends to <i>'the attendant of the children with disabilities having high support needs.'<\/i><br><br>Trap codes swap the two communication-related pairs and the two support-related pairs.<br><br>Hence, A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 56,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the survey of school going children for identifying children with disabilities and ascertaining their special needs is to be conducted:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Every three years\",\r\n      \"Every two years\",\r\n      \"Every year\",\r\n      \"Every five years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 17(a)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government and the local authorities shall <i>'conduct survey of school going children in every five years for identifying children with disabilities, ascertaining their special needs and the extent to which these are being met'<\/i>.<br><br>Three years is the maximum interval for periodic review of identified posts under section 33(iii). Two years is the period for making service providers' services accessible under section 46. No annual survey is required.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 57,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, books, other learning materials and appropriate assistive devices are to be provided free of cost to:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"All students with disabilities up to the age of eighteen years\",\r\n      \"Students with benchmark disabilities up to the age of fourteen years\",\r\n      \"Students with benchmark disabilities up to the age of eighteen years\",\r\n      \"Students with benchmark disabilities at all levels of education\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 17(g)<\/b><br>The measure is <i>'to provide books, other learning materials and appropriate assistive devices to students with benchmark disabilities free of cost up to the age of eighteen years'<\/i>.<br><br>The benefit is confined to benchmark disability (at least forty per cent., section 2(r)), not every student with disability. Eighteen years matches the free-education age limit for children with benchmark disabilities in section 31. There is no extension to all levels of education.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 58,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Exemption from second and third language courses\\n2. Extra time for completion of examination paper\\n3. Facility of scribe or amanuensis\\n4. Upper age relaxation of five years for admission\\nWhich of the above are modifications in the curriculum and examination system specifically mentioned to meet the needs of students with disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 17(i)<\/b><br>The measures include modifications in curriculum and examination system <i>'such as extra time for completion of examination paper, facility of scribe or amanuensis, exemption from second and third language courses'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 4 is wrong. The <i>'upper age relaxation of five years for admission in institutions of higher education'<\/i> is a separate benefit for persons with benchmark disabilities under section 32(2), not an examination modification.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 59,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Education\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, besides teachers with disability qualified in sign language and Braille, the measures to promote inclusive education specifically require training and employment of teachers trained in teaching children with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Intellectual disability\",\r\n      \"Autism spectrum disorder\",\r\n      \"Specific learning disabilities\",\r\n      \"Multiple disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 17(c)<\/b><br>The measure is <i>'to train and employ teachers, including teachers with disability who are qualified in sign language and Braille and also teachers who are trained in teaching children with intellectual disability'<\/i>.<br><br>Autism spectrum disorder and multiple disabilities are specified disabilities in the Schedule, but no teacher category is named for them here. Specific learning disabilities are dealt with by early detection and pedagogical measures under section 16(vi).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 60,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Loans at concessional rates including microcredit\\n2. Marketing the products made by persons with disabilities\\n3. Unemployment allowance to persons with disabilities registered with a Special Employment Exchange\\n4. Exclusive skill training programmes with active links with the market\\nWhich of the above are required to be provided for in the schemes for vocational training and self-employment of persons with disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 19(2)<\/b><br>The vocational training and self-employment schemes shall provide for <i>'loans at concessional rates including that of microcredit'<\/i>, <i>'marketing the products made by persons with disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'exclusive skill training programmes for persons with disabilities with active links with the market'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Unemployment allowance to persons <i>'registered with Special Employment Exchange for more than two years'<\/i> is a social security measure under Section 24(3)(h), not a vocational training scheme.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 61,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, exclusive skill training programmes with active links with the market are mandated for persons with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Blindness, low vision, deafness and hard of hearing\",\r\n      \"Locomotor disability, cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy\",\r\n      \"Developmental, intellectual, multiple disabilities and autism\",\r\n      \"Specific learning disability, mental illness and dwarfism\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 19(2)(c)<\/b><br>The schemes shall provide for <i>'exclusive skill training programmes for persons with disabilities with active links with the market, for those with developmental, intellectual, multiple disabilities and autism'<\/i>.<br><br>The other groupings are borrowed from the reservation categories in Section 34(1): clause (a) blindness and low vision, clause (b) deaf and hard of hearing, clause (c) locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, dwarfism and muscular dystrophy, and clause (d) specific learning disability and mental illness. None of them is the target group for exclusive market-linked skill training.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 62,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding employees with disabilities in Government establishments:\\n1. The appropriate Government may exempt an establishment from the bar on discrimination in employment only in consultation with the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner.\\n2. Every Government establishment shall provide reasonable accommodation and an appropriate barrier free and conducive environment to employees with disability.\\n3. An employee who acquires a disability during service shall not be dispensed with or reduced in rank.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 20(1), proviso, 20(2) and 20(4)<\/b><br>Under Section 20(2), <i>'Every Government establishment shall provide reasonable accommodation and appropriate barrier free and conducive environment to employees with disability.'<\/i> Section 20(4) bars an establishment that would <i>'dispense with or reduce in rank, an employee who acquires a disability during his or her service'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. The Section 20 exemption is by the appropriate Government <i>'by notification and subject to such conditions, if any'<\/i>, with no consultation requirement. Consultation with the Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner is a condition only for exempting an establishment from reservation under the second proviso to Section 34(1).<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 63,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, an employee of a Government establishment acquires a disability, is no longer suitable for his post, and cannot be adjusted against any other post. He:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"May be kept on a supernumerary post for a maximum period of two years\",\r\n      \"May be kept on a supernumerary post until a suitable post is available or superannuation, whichever is earlier\",\r\n      \"May be shifted to a lower post with protection of his existing pay\",\r\n      \"May be kept on a supernumerary post until a suitable post is available or superannuation, whichever is later\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 20(4), second proviso<\/b><br><i>'Provided further that if it is not possible to adjust the employee against any post, he may be kept on a supernumerary post until a suitable post is available or he attains the age of superannuation, whichever is earlier.'<\/i><br><br>The first proviso requires shifting him <i>'to some other post with the same pay scale and service benefits'<\/i>, and the main provision forbids reducing him in rank, so a lower post is not permitted. No two-year ceiling exists; two years is the registration period for unemployment allowance under Section 24(3)(h).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 64,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the equal opportunity policy notified by an establishment is required to be registered with the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner, as the case may be\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability of the district concerned\",\r\n      \"Special Employment Exchange notified by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board or the State Advisory Board, as the case may be\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 21(2)<\/b><br><i>'Every establishment shall register a copy of the said policy with the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner, as the case may be.'<\/i><br><br>The District-level Committee is the forum for a person dissatisfied with the Grievance Redressal Officer (Section 23(4)). The Special Employment Exchange notified by the Central Government receives returns on vacancies (Section 36). The Advisory Boards (Sections 60 and 66) are policy advisory bodies with no registration role.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 65,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements:\\n1. Every establishment shall notify an equal opportunity policy detailing the measures proposed to be taken by it in relation to employment of persons with disabilities.\\n2. The equal opportunity policy shall be registered with the District-level Committee on disability.\\n3. Every employment exchange shall maintain records of persons with disabilities seeking employment.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 21 and 22(2)<\/b><br>Under Section 21(1), <i>'Every establishment shall notify equal opportunity policy detailing measures proposed to be taken by it'<\/i>. Under Section 22(2), <i>'Every employment exchange shall maintain records of persons with disabilities seeking employment.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. The policy is registered <i>'with the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner, as the case may be'<\/i> (Section 21(2)). The District-level Committee comes in only under Section 23(4), when a complainant is dissatisfied with the Grievance Redressal Officer.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 66,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a Grievance Redressal Officer is required to be appointed by:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Every Government establishment\",\r\n      \"Every establishment, whether Government or private\",\r\n      \"Every Special Employment Exchange\",\r\n      \"Every District-level Committee on disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 23(1)<\/b><br><i>'Every Government establishment shall appoint a Grievance Redressal Officer'<\/i> and shall inform the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner about the appointment.<br><br>Obligations cast on <i>'Every establishment'<\/i>, private establishments included, are the equal opportunity policy (Section 21) and maintenance of records (Section 22(1)). The Special Employment Exchange only receives vacancy returns (Section 36), and the District-level Committee is the next forum for a dissatisfied complainant (Section 23(4)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 67,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, every complaint registered with the Grievance Redressal Officer of a Government establishment shall be inquired within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Thirty days of its registration\",\r\n      \"Two weeks of its registration\",\r\n      \"Three months of its registration\",\r\n      \"Ninety days of its registration\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 23(3)<\/b><br>The Grievance Redressal Officer shall maintain a register of complaints and <i>'every complaint shall be inquired within two weeks of its registration.'<\/i><br><br>Three months is the period within which an authority must report action taken on a recommendation of the Chief Commissioner (Section 76) or State Commissioner (Section 81). Ninety days is the period for granting a certificate of registration to an institution (Section 51). Thirty days is not a time limit in this context.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 68,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Skill Development and Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a person not satisfied with the action taken by the Grievance Redressal Officer on his complaint of discrimination in employment may approach the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Special Court for the district\",\r\n      \"State Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"District-Level Committee on disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 23(4)<\/b><br><i>'If the aggrieved person is not satisfied with the action taken on his or her complaint, he or she may approach the District-Level Committee on disability.'<\/i><br><br>The District-level Committee is constituted by the State Government under Section 72. The Special Court (Section 84) tries offences under the Act; the State Advisory Board (Section 66) is a policy body; and the State Commissioner (Section 79) is not the appellate forum named against the Grievance Redressal Officer.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 69,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Schemes to safeguard the right of persons with disabilities to an adequate standard of living\\n2. Services and programmes of rehabilitation in the areas of health, education and employment\\n3. Incentives to private sector employers to raise the share of persons with benchmark disability in their work force\\n4. Free education to children with benchmark disabilities till the age of eighteen years\\nWhich of the above obligations are expressly qualified by the limit of the Government's economic capacity and development?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 24(1), 27(1) and 35<\/b><br>Social security schemes are framed <i>'within the limit of its economic capacity and development'<\/i>; rehabilitation is undertaken <i>'within their economic capacity and development'<\/i>; and incentives to private employers are given <i>'within the limit of their economic capacity and development'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 4 is wrong. Section 31 confers a right to free education <i>'Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rights of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009'<\/i>, and Section 31(2) obliges Government to ensure it without any economic-capacity qualifier.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 70,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, unemployment allowance under the social security schemes is available to persons with disabilities registered with a Special Employment Exchange for more than:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"One year\",\r\n      \"Three years\",\r\n      \"Two years\",\r\n      \"Five years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 24(3)(h)<\/b><br>The schemes shall provide for <i>'unemployment allowance to persons with disabilities registered with Special Employment Exchange for more than two years and who could not be placed in any gainful occupation'<\/i>.<br><br>Three years is the maximum interval for periodic review of posts identified for reservation (Section 33(iii)) and the term of nominated Board members (Sections 61 and 67). Five years is the interval for the survey of school-going children (Section 17(a)). One year is the minimum frequency of screening children for at-risk cases (Section 25(2)(c)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 71,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Free aids and appliances, medicine, diagnostic services and corrective surgery\\n2. Disability pension\\n3. Care-giver allowance\\n4. Free healthcare in the vicinity, specially in rural areas\\nWhich of the above benefits for persons with disabilities are made subject to an income ceiling or family income to be notified?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 24(3)(f), (g), (i) and 25(1)(a)<\/b><br>Free aids and corrective surgery are <i>'with such income ceiling as may be notified'<\/i>; disability pension is <i>'subject to such income ceiling as may be notified'<\/i>; free healthcare is <i>'subject to such family income as may be notified'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Clause (i) provides <i>'care-giver allowance to persons with disabilities with high support needs'<\/i>, conditioned on high support needs and not on any income ceiling.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 72,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, care-giver allowance under the social security schemes is meant for:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"All persons with benchmark disabilities\",\r\n      \"Persons with disabilities with high support needs\",\r\n      \"Parents of children with benchmark disabilities below eighteen years\",\r\n      \"Persons with disabilities who have no family or have been abandoned\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 24(3)(i)<\/b><br>The schemes shall provide for <i>'care-giver allowance to persons with disabilities with high support needs'<\/i>.<br><br>Persons <i>'who have no family or have been abandoned'<\/i> are covered by a separate clause, Section 24(3)(b), which provides facilities rather than an allowance. Eighteen years is the age limit for free education of children with benchmark disabilities (Section 31). A <i>'care-giver'<\/i> is defined in Section 2(d), but the allowance is not extended to all persons with benchmark disabilities.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 73,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the comprehensive insurance scheme to be provided under the social security schemes is for persons with disability who are:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Not covered under the Employees State Insurance or any other statutory or Government-sponsored insurance scheme\",\r\n      \"Employees of the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Registered with a Special Employment Exchange\",\r\n      \"Certified by the Assessment Board as needing high support\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 24(3)(j)<\/b><br>The schemes shall provide a <i>'comprehensive insurance scheme for persons with disability, not covered under the Employees State Insurance Schemes, or any other statutory or Government-sponsored insurance schemes'<\/i>.<br><br>Insurance for Government's own employees is a separate obligation under Section 26: <i>'The appropriate Government shall, by notification, make insurance schemes for their employees with disabilities.'<\/i> Registration with a Special Employment Exchange relates to unemployment allowance (Section 24(3)(h)), and Assessment Board certification relates to high support (Section 38).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 74,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding healthcare for persons with disabilities:\\n1. Free healthcare is to be provided in the vicinity, specially in rural areas, subject to such family income as may be notified.\\n2. Barrier-free access is to be ensured in all parts of Government hospitals, private hospitals being outside its scope.\\n3. Persons with disabilities are to be given priority in attendance and treatment.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 25(1)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government and local authorities shall provide <i>'free healthcare in the vicinity specially in rural area subject to such family income as may be notified'<\/i> and <i>'priority in attendance and treatment'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. Clause (b) requires <i>'barrier-free access in all parts of Government and private hospitals and other healthcare institutions and centres'<\/i>; private hospitals are expressly included.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 75,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, for the purpose of identifying 'at-risk' cases, all children are required to be screened at least:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Once in a year\",\r\n      \"Once in every six months\",\r\n      \"Once in every two years\",\r\n      \"Once in every five years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 25(2)(c)<\/b><br>To prevent the occurrence of disabilities, the appropriate Government and local authorities shall <i>'screen all the children at least once in a year for the purpose of identifying \u201cat-risk\u201d cases'<\/i>.<br><br>Five years is the interval for the survey of school-going children to identify children with disabilities under Section 17(a). Six months is the minimum frequency of meetings of the Central and State Advisory Boards (Sections 64 and 70). Two years is the period for the first such survey under the proviso to Section 17(a).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 76,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Obligation) with List-II (Body on which it is cast):\\nList-I\\nA. Making insurance schemes for its employees with disabilities\\nB. Inclusion of persons with disabilities in schemes for development of sporting talents\\nC. Appointment of a Grievance Redressal Officer\\nD. Maintenance of records of persons with disabilities seeking employment\\nList-II\\n1. Every Government establishment\\n2. Every employment exchange\\n3. Appropriate Government\\n4. Sports authorities\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 26, 30(2), 23(1) and 22(2)<\/b><br><i>'The appropriate Government shall, by notification, make insurance schemes for their employees with disabilities.'<\/i> <i>'The sports authorities shall accord due recognition to the right of persons with disabilities to participate in sports'<\/i> and include them in their schemes. <i>'Every Government establishment shall appoint a Grievance Redressal Officer'<\/i>. <i>'Every employment exchange shall maintain records of persons with disabilities seeking employment.'<\/i><br><br>The traps swap the Government establishment with the appropriate Government, or the establishment with the employment exchange.<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 77,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding rehabilitation, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Services and programmes of rehabilitation are to be undertaken particularly in the areas of health, education and employment.\\n2. The appropriate Government and the local authorities shall grant financial assistance to non-Governmental Organisations for rehabilitation.\\n3. Non-Governmental Organisations working for the cause of persons with disabilities shall be consulted while formulating rehabilitation policies.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 27<\/b><br>Rehabilitation is to be undertaken <i>'particularly in the areas of health, education and employment for all persons with disabilities'<\/i>, and while formulating rehabilitation policies the Governments <i>'shall consult the non-Governmental Organisations working for the cause of persons with disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. Financial assistance is discretionary: the appropriate Government and local authorities <i>'may grant financial assistance to non-Governmental Organisations'<\/i> (Section 27(2)). Consultation is mandatory, funding is not.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 78,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, all of the following are listed as measures to promote the right of persons with disabilities to a cultural life and recreational activities EXCEPT:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Establishment of a disability history museum\",\r\n      \"Promoting disability specific events and facilitating awards to the winners\",\r\n      \"Facilitating participation in scouting, dancing, outdoor camps and adventure activities\",\r\n      \"Access to television programmes with sign language interpretation or sub-titles\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 29 and Section 30(3)(f)<\/b><br>Section 29 lists <i>'establishment of a disability history museum'<\/i>, <i>'facilitating participation in scouting, dancing, art classes, outdoor camps and adventure activities'<\/i> and access for persons with hearing impairment to <i>'television programmes with sign language interpretation or sub-titles'<\/i>.<br><br>Organising events with awards belongs to sporting activities: under Section 30(3)(f) the appropriate Government and sports authorities shall <i>'promote and organise disability specific sporting events for persons with disabilities and also facilitate awards to the winners'<\/i>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 79,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Social Security, Health, Rehabilitation and Recreation\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding sporting activities of persons with disabilities:\\n1. The sports authorities shall accord due recognition to the right of persons with disabilities to participate in sports.\\n2. Funds are to be allocated for development of state of art sport facilities for training of persons with disabilities.\\n3. The measures to redesign and support infrastructure facilities of sporting activities are cast on the appropriate Government and the local authorities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 30(2) and (3)<\/b><br><i>'The sports authorities shall accord due recognition to the right of persons with disabilities to participate in sports'<\/i>. Among the measures is to <i>'allocate funds for development of state of art sport facilities for training of persons with disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. Section 30(3) casts the measures on <i>'the appropriate Government and the sports authorities'<\/i>, not the local authorities. The pairing of appropriate Government with local authorities belongs to culture and recreation (Section 29) and healthcare (Section 25).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 80,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, every child with benchmark disability has the right to free education in a neighbourhood school, or in a special school of his choice, between the ages of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Six to fourteen years\",\r\n      \"Three to eighteen years\",\r\n      \"Five to eighteen years\",\r\n      \"Six to eighteen years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 31(1)<\/b><br><i>'Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rights of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, every child with benchmark disability between the age of six to eighteen years shall have the right to free education in a neighbourhood school, or in a special school, of his choice.'<\/i><br><br>Six to fourteen years is the general entitlement under the 2009 Act, which this provision overrides and extends. Eighteen years is also the age up to which free books and assistive devices are provided under Section 17(g).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 81,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding free education of children with benchmark disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The right extends to every child with disability irrespective of the extent of the specified disability.\\n2. The right operates notwithstanding anything contained in the Rights of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009.\\n3. The choice between a neighbourhood school and a special school is that of the child.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 31(1)<\/b><br>The right operates <i>'Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rights of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009'<\/i> and is to free education <i>'in a neighbourhood school, or in a special school, of his choice.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. The right is conferred on <i>'every child with benchmark disability'<\/i>, that is, a child with <i>'not less than forty per cent. of a specified disability'<\/i> as certified (Section 2(r)), not on every child with disability.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 82,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, Government institutions of higher education and other higher education institutions receiving aid from the Government shall reserve for persons with benchmark disabilities not less than:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Four per cent of seats\",\r\n      \"Three per cent of seats\",\r\n      \"Five per cent of seats\",\r\n      \"One per cent of seats\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 32(1)<\/b><br>These institutions <i>'shall reserve not less than five per cent. seats for persons with benchmark disabilities.'<\/i><br><br>Four per cent is the minimum reservation of vacancies in Government establishments under Section 34(1), within which one per cent goes to each of the categories in clauses (a), (b) and (c). Three per cent was the reservation under the repealed 1995 law, not this Act.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 83,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, for admission in institutions of higher education, persons with benchmark disabilities are entitled to an upper age relaxation of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ten years\",\r\n      \"Five years\",\r\n      \"Such period as the appropriate Government may notify\",\r\n      \"Three years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 32(2)<\/b><br><i>'The persons with benchmark disabilities shall be given an upper age relaxation of five years for admission in institutions of higher education.'<\/i><br><br>Relaxation left to notification belongs to employment: under Section 34(3), <i>'The appropriate Government may, by notification, provide for such relaxation of upper age limit for employment of persons with benchmark disability, as it thinks fit.'<\/i> Three years is the maximum interval for review of identified posts (Section 33(iii)). The Act fixes no ten-year relaxation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 84,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding identification of posts for reservation, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The appropriate Government shall identify posts that can be held by the respective category of persons with benchmark disabilities.\\n2. An expert committee with representation of persons with benchmark disabilities shall be constituted for identification of posts.\\n3. The identified posts are to be reviewed only when the cadre of the establishment is restructured.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 33<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall <i>'identify posts in the establishments which can be held by respective category of persons with benchmark disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'constitute an expert committee with representation of persons with benchmark disabilities for identification of such posts'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. Clause (iii) requires the Government to <i>'undertake periodic review of the identified posts at an interval not exceeding three years.'<\/i> The review is periodic and not tied to cadre restructuring.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 85,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, periodic review of the posts identified for persons with benchmark disabilities is to be undertaken at an interval not exceeding:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three years\",\r\n      \"Two years\",\r\n      \"Five years\",\r\n      \"One year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 33(iii)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall <i>'undertake periodic review of the identified posts at an interval not exceeding three years.'<\/i><br><br>Five years is the interval for the survey of school-going children (Section 17(a)) and the outer limit for making existing buildings accessible (Section 45). Two years is the registration period for unemployment allowance (Section 24(3)(h)). One year is the minimum frequency of screening children for at-risk cases (Section 25(2)(c)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 86,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the minimum reservation for persons with benchmark disabilities in every Government establishment is computed as:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Four per cent of the total cadre strength in each group of posts\",\r\n      \"Five per cent of the total number of vacancies in the cadre strength in each group of posts\",\r\n      \"Five per cent of the total cadre strength of the establishment\",\r\n      \"Four per cent of the total number of vacancies in the cadre strength in each group of posts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(1)<\/b><br>Every appropriate Government shall appoint in every Government establishment <i>'not less than four per cent. of the total number of vacancies in the cadre strength in each group of posts meant to be filled with persons with benchmark disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>The base is vacancies in each group of posts, not the total cadre strength. Five per cent is the figure for seats in aided higher education institutions (Section 32(1)), the private-sector workforce incentive (Section 35) and the special schemes under Section 37.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 87,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, within the minimum reservation of vacancies in Government establishments, one per cent is shared jointly by persons with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Blindness and low vision, and deaf and hard of hearing\",\r\n      \"Locomotor disability, and multiple disabilities\",\r\n      \"Deaf and hard of hearing, and multiple disabilities including deaf-blindness\",\r\n      \"Autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability and mental illness, and multiple disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(1)<\/b><br>Of the four per cent, <i>'one per cent. each shall be reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities under clauses (a), (b) and (c) and one per cent. for persons with benchmark disabilities under clauses (d) and (e)'<\/i>. Clause (d) is <i>'autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability and mental illness'<\/i> and clause (e) is multiple disabilities.<br><br>Blindness and low vision (clause (a)), deaf and hard of hearing (clause (b)) and locomotor disability (clause (c)) each have a separate one per cent and share it with no other category.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 88,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Disability) with List-II (Reservation category in which it falls):\\nList-I\\nA. Leprosy cured\\nB. Deaf-blindness\\nC. Specific learning disability\\nD. Hard of hearing\\nList-II\\n1. Deaf and hard of hearing\\n2. Locomotor disability\\n3. Autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability and mental illness\\n4. Multiple disabilities\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(1)(b) to (e)<\/b><br>Clause (c) is <i>'locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy'<\/i>; clause (d) is <i>'autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability and mental illness'<\/i>; clause (e) covers <i>'multiple disabilities from amongst persons under clauses (a) to (d) including deaf-blindness'<\/i>; clause (b) is <i>'deaf and hard of hearing'<\/i>.<br><br>The main trap places deaf-blindness under hearing impairment; the Act puts it under multiple disabilities.<br><br>Hence, A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 89,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding reservation in Government establishments, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Reservation in promotion shall be in accordance with instructions issued by the Chief Commissioner from time to time.\\n2. A Government establishment may be exempted from reservation by the appropriate Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner.\\n3. Such exemption is granted having regard to the type of work carried out in the establishment, by notification.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(1), provisos<\/b><br>The second proviso lets the appropriate Government, <i>'in consultation with the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner, as the case may be, may, having regard to the type of work carried out in any Government establishment, by notification'<\/i> exempt that establishment from reservation.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. Under the first proviso, <i>'the reservation in promotion shall be in accordance with such instructions as are issued by the appropriate Government from time to time'<\/i>. The Chief Commissioner is only consulted, and only for exemption.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 90,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, arrange the following in the order in which a reserved vacancy for persons with benchmark disabilities is dealt with when it cannot be filled in a recruitment year:\\n1. Appointment of a person other than a person with disability\\n2. Carry forward to the succeeding recruitment year\\n3. Interchange among the five categories\\nSelect the correct order:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"2, 3, 1\",\r\n      \"3, 2, 1\",\r\n      \"2, 1, 3\",\r\n      \"3, 1, 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(2)<\/b><br>An unfilled vacancy <i>'shall be carried forward in the succeeding recruitment year'<\/i>; if no suitable person is then available, <i>'it may first be filled by interchange among the five categories'<\/i>; and <i>'only when there is no person with disability available for the post in that year, the employer shall fill up the vacancy by appointment of a person, other than a person with disability'<\/i>.<br><br>De-reservation is the last resort, and interchange cannot come before the carry forward.<br><br>Hence, 2, 3, 1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 91,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where the nature of vacancies in an establishment is such that a given category of persons with benchmark disabilities cannot be employed, the vacancies may be interchanged among the five categories with the prior approval of the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Expert committee constituted for identification of posts\",\r\n      \"Appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(2), proviso<\/b><br><i>'Provided that if the nature of vacancies in an establishment is such that a given category of person cannot be employed, the vacancies may be interchanged among the five categories with the prior approval of the appropriate Government.'<\/i><br><br>The Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner is consulted only for exempting an establishment from reservation (second proviso to Section 34(1)). The expert committee under Section 33(ii) identifies posts; it does not approve interchange. The District-level Committee hears grievances under Section 23(4).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 92,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, relaxation of the upper age limit for employment of persons with benchmark disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Five years, fixed by the statute itself\",\r\n      \"Such as the appropriate Government may provide by notification\",\r\n      \"Such as the Chief Commissioner may recommend\",\r\n      \"Ten years, fixed by the statute itself\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 34(3)<\/b><br><i>'The appropriate Government may, by notification, provide for such relaxation of upper age limit for employment of persons with benchmark disability, as it thinks fit.'<\/i><br><br>A five-year relaxation fixed by statute applies only to <i>'admission in institutions of higher education'<\/i> (Section 32(2)), not to employment. The Chief Commissioner has no role in fixing age relaxation, and the Act fixes no ten-year figure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 93,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Provision) with List-II (Percentage):\\nList-I\\nA. Overall reservation of vacancies in Government establishments\\nB. Share of work force targeted through incentives to private sector employers\\nC. Additional quantum of assistance under social security schemes\\nD. Share of vacancies reserved for blindness and low vision\\nList-II\\n1. One per cent\\n2. Four per cent\\n3. Five per cent\\n4. Twenty-five per cent\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 34(1), 35 and 24(1), proviso<\/b><br>Government establishments reserve <i>'not less than four per cent.'<\/i> of vacancies, of which <i>'one per cent. each'<\/i> goes to clauses (a), (b) and (c), clause (a) being blindness and low vision. Incentives aim to <i>'ensure that at least five per cent. of their work force is composed of persons with benchmark disability'<\/i>. Assistance shall be <i>'at least twenty-five per cent. higher than the similar schemes applicable to others.'<\/i><br><br>The first trap code swaps the Government four per cent with the private-sector five per cent.<br><br>Hence, A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 94,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding furnishing of information on vacancies for persons with benchmark disability, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The appropriate Government may, by notification, require employers in every establishment to furnish such information or return.\\n2. The information is furnished to such special employment exchange as may be notified by the Central Government.\\n3. The form of the information or return is prescribed by the State Government for establishments located in the State.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 36<\/b><br><i>'The appropriate Government may, by notification, require'<\/i> employers in every establishment to furnish information <i>'to such special employment exchange as may be notified by the Central Government'<\/i>, and the establishment <i>'shall thereupon comply with such requisition.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The information or return is <i>'as may be prescribed by the Central Government'<\/i>, whichever Government issues the requisition. This matches the Central Government's power to prescribe under Sections 21 to 23.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 95,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Allotment of agricultural land and housing in all relevant schemes and development programmes\\n2. All poverty alleviation and various developmental schemes\\n3. Allotment of land at concessional rate for housing, shelter, business, enterprise and production centres\\n4. Vacancies in the cadre strength of each group of posts in Government establishments\\nIn which of the above is a reservation of five per cent prescribed in favour of persons with benchmark disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 37<\/b><br>The special schemes provide <i>'five per cent. reservation in allotment of agricultural land and housing in all relevant schemes and development programmes'<\/i>, <i>'five per cent. reservation in all poverty alleviation and various developmental schemes'<\/i> and <i>'five per cent. reservation in allotment of land on concessional rate'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 4 is wrong. Reservation of vacancies in Government establishments is <i>'not less than four per cent.'<\/i> under Section 34(1).<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 96,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, priority to women with benchmark disabilities is expressly provided for in the five per cent reservation in:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Agricultural land and housing allotment, and poverty alleviation schemes\",\r\n      \"Allotment of land at concessional rate for business, enterprise and production centres\",\r\n      \"Seats in Government-aided institutions of higher education\",\r\n      \"Incentivised employment in the private sector\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 37(a) and (b)<\/b><br>Reservation in agricultural land and housing is <i>'with appropriate priority to women with benchmark disabilities'<\/i>, and reservation in poverty alleviation and developmental schemes is <i>'with priority to women with benchmark disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>Clause (c), on concessional land for <i>'occupation, business, enterprise, recreation centres and production centres'<\/i>, carries no priority for women. The five per cent in higher education (Section 32(1)) and in private-sector incentives (Section 35) is likewise silent on women.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 97,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Disabilities with High Support Needs\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Who among the following may seek high support from the notified authority, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Any person with disability, irrespective of the extent of disability\",\r\n      \"Only a person with multiple disabilities including deaf-blindness\",\r\n      \"Only a person with intellectual disability or autism\",\r\n      \"Any person with benchmark disability who considers himself in need of high support\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 38(1)<\/b><br><i>'Any person with benchmark disability, who considers himself to be in need of high support, or any person or organisation on his or her behalf, may apply to an authority, to be notified by the appropriate Government, requesting to provide high support.'<\/i><br><br>The provision is restricted to benchmark disability (Section 2(r)) and is not confined to any category. Multiple disabilities and intellectual disability or autism are reservation categories under Section 34(1)(d) and (e), not eligibility conditions for high support.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 98,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Disabilities with High Support Needs\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding high support, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. An application for high support may be made by any person or organisation on behalf of the person with benchmark disability.\\n2. The application is made to an authority notified by the appropriate Government.\\n3. The Members of the Assessment Board are such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 38(1) and (2)<\/b><br>The person, <i>'or any person or organisation on his or her behalf, may apply'<\/i>, and the authority refers the application to <i>'an Assessment Board consisting of such Members as may be prescribed by the Central Government.'<\/i><br><br>All three are correct. The application goes to <i>'an authority, to be notified by the appropriate Government'<\/i>, which may be the State Government; only the Board's composition and the manner of assessment are prescribed by the Central Government (Section 38(2) and (3)).<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 99,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Disabilities with High Support Needs\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the Assessment Board, after assessing a case referred to it for high support, sends its report certifying the need of high support and its nature to the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Authority notified by the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Certifying authority designated for disability certificates\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 38(3) and (4)<\/b><br>The Assessment Board <i>'shall send a report to the authority certifying the need of high support and its nature.'<\/i> The authority referred to is the one <i>'to be notified by the appropriate Government'<\/i> under sub-section (1), and it then <i>'shall take steps to provide support in accordance with the report'<\/i>.<br><br>The certifying authority issues certificates of disability under Section 57. The District-level Committee (Section 72) and the Commissioners (Sections 74 and 79) have no role in the high support procedure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 100,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Provisions for Persons with Disabilities with High Support Needs\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, arrange the following steps for provision of high support in the correct order:\\n1. Assessment Board sends a report certifying the need of high support and its nature\\n2. Application to the authority notified by the appropriate Government\\n3. Authority provides support subject to relevant schemes and orders of the appropriate Government\\n4. Authority refers the application to the Assessment Board\\nSelect the correct order:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"4, 2, 1, 3\",\r\n      \"2, 4, 1, 3\",\r\n      \"2, 1, 4, 3\",\r\n      \"2, 4, 3, 1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 38<\/b><br>A person <i>'may apply to an authority, to be notified by the appropriate Government'<\/i>; <i>'On receipt of an application under sub-section (1), the authority shall refer it to an Assessment Board'<\/i>; the Board <i>'shall send a report to the authority certifying the need of high support and its nature'<\/i>; and the authority provides support <i>'subject to relevant schemes and orders of the appropriate Government'<\/i>.<br><br>The Board never receives the application directly, and support follows the Board's report.<br><br>Hence, 2, 4, 1, 3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 101,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, awareness campaigns and sensitisation programmes to ensure that the rights of persons with disabilities are protected are conducted by the appropriate Government in consultation with the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board or State Advisory Board\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee or Grievance Redressal Officer\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Rehabilitation Council of India or National Institutes\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 39(1)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government, <i>'in consultation with the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner, as the case may be, shall conduct, encourage, support or promote awareness campaigns and sensitisation programmes'<\/i> to protect the rights of persons with disabilities.<br><br>The Central and State Advisory Boards (sections 60 and 66) are consultative bodies on disability policy generally. The District-level Committee is constituted under section 72, and the Grievance Redressal Officer handles complaints of non-compliance with section 20. The Rehabilitation Council of India is saved under section 47(1).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 102,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Promote values of inclusion, tolerance, empathy and respect for diversity\\n2. Ensure that the rights of persons with disabilities are included in the curriculum in Universities, colleges and schools\\n3. Mandate training on disability rights in all courses for the training of police officials and judges\\n4. Provide orientation and sensitisation on disabling conditions to employers, administrators and co-workers\\nWhich of the above are required to be achieved through the awareness campaigns and sensitisation programmes of the appropriate Government?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 39(2)<\/b><br>The programmes shall <i>'promote values of inclusion, tolerance, empathy and respect for diversity'<\/i>, <i>'provide orientation and sensitisation on disabling conditions and rights of persons with disabilities to employers, administrators and co-workers'<\/i> and <i>'ensure that the rights of persons with disabilities are included in the curriculum in Universities, colleges and schools'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Mandatory training on disability rights for <i>'Panchayati Raj Members, legislators, administrators, police officials, judges and lawyers'<\/i> is a human resource development measure under section 47(1)(a), not part of the awareness campaigns.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 103,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, rules laying down the standards of accessibility for the physical environment, transportation, and information and communications for persons with disabilities are formulated by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Appropriate Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Central Government in consultation with the Central Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner with the prior approval of the Central Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 40<\/b><br><i>'The Central Government shall, in consultation with the Chief Commissioner, formulate rules for persons with disabilities laying down the standards of accessibility for the physical environment, transportation, information and communications'<\/i>, covering facilities and services provided to the public <i>'in urban and rural areas'<\/i>.<br><br>Consultation by the appropriate Government with the Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner is the pattern for awareness campaigns under section 39(1). The Central Advisory Board (section 60) is not the consultee here, and the Chief Commissioner has no rule-making power.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 104,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following conditions:\\n1. Technically feasible and safe for persons with disabilities\\n2. Economically viable\\n3. Without entailing major structural changes in design\\n4. Financed from the National Fund for persons with disabilities\\nThe appropriate Government is to provide access to all modes of transport, including retrofitting old modes of transport, wherever which of the above conditions are met?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 41(1)(b)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall provide <i>'access to all modes of transport that conform the design standards, including retrofitting old modes of transport, wherever technically feasible and safe for persons with disabilities, economically viable and without entailing major structural changes in design'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 4 is wrong. The National Fund under section 86 is not a condition for retrofitting. Retrofitting of vehicles at affordable cost is a separate component of the personal mobility schemes under section 41(2)(b).<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 105,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, schemes and programmes developed by the appropriate Government to promote the personal mobility of persons with disabilities at affordable cost are to provide for all of the following EXCEPT:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Incentives and concessions\",\r\n      \"Retrofitting of vehicles\",\r\n      \"Accessible roads to address mobility\",\r\n      \"Personal mobility assistance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 41(2)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government <i>'shall develop schemes programmes to promote the personal mobility of persons with disabilities at affordable cost to provide for,\u2014 (a) incentives and concessions; (b) retrofitting of vehicles; and (c) personal mobility assistance.'<\/i><br><br>Accessible roads <i>'to address mobility necessary for persons with disabilities'<\/i> fall under section 41(1)(c), a separate infrastructure measure, and are not a component of the affordable personal mobility schemes.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 106,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding measures by the appropriate Government for access to information and communication technology, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. All contents available in audio, print and electronic media are to be in accessible format.\\n2. Persons with disabilities are to have access to electronic media through audio description, sign language interpretation and close captioning.\\n3. Electronic goods and equipment meant for every day use are to be made available to persons with disabilities at concessional rates.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 42<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall ensure that <i>'all contents available in audio, print and electronic media are in accessible format'<\/i> and that persons with disabilities <i>'have access to electronic media by providing audio description, sign language interpretation and close captioning'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The requirement is that <i>'electronic goods and equipment which are meant for every day use are available in universal design'<\/i>, not at concessional rates. Concessions figure in the personal mobility schemes under section 41(2)(a).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 107,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Subject) with List-II (Obligation of the appropriate Government):\\nList-I\\nA. Consumer goods\\nB. Access to transport\\nC. Social audit\\nD. Human resource development\\nList-II\\n1. Facilities at bus stops, railway stations and airports relating to parking spaces, toilets and ticketing counters\\n2. Independence training for persons with disabilities to build community relationships\\n3. Promoting universally designed products and accessories for general use\\n4. Ensuring that general schemes and programmes have no adverse impact on persons with disabilities\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 41(1)(a), 43, 47(1)(d) and 48<\/b><br>A-3: measures to <i>'promote development, production and distribution of universally designed consumer products and accessories for general use'<\/i> (section 43). B-1: facilities <i>'at bus stops, railway stations and airports conforming to the accessibility standards relating to parking spaces, toilets, ticketing counters and ticketing machines'<\/i>. C-4: social audit ensures that schemes <i>'do not have an adverse impact upon the persons with disabilities'<\/i> (section 48). D-2: <i>'independence training for persons with disabilities to build community relationships on mutual contribution and respect'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 108,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding mandatory observance of accessibility norms in buildings, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The accessibility rules to which a building plan must adhere are formulated by the State Government.\\n2. No establishment shall be issued a certificate of completion or allowed to take occupation of a building unless it has adhered to the accessibility rules.\\n3. The bar on grant of permission to build a structure with a non-conforming building plan applies to private establishments as well as Government establishments.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 44<\/b><br><i>'No establishment shall be granted permission to build any structure if the building plan does not adhere to the rules formulated by the Central Government under section 40.'<\/i> Likewise, <i>'No establishment shall be issued a certificate of completion or allowed to take occupation of a building unless it has adhered to the rules formulated by the Central Government.'<\/i> Under section 2(i), <i>'\u201cestablishment\u201d includes a Government establishment and private establishment'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. The rules are formulated by the Central Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner (section 40), not by the State Government.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 109,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, all existing public buildings are required to be made accessible in accordance with the accessibility rules within a period not exceeding:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Two years from the date of notification of such rules\",\r\n      \"Five years from the date of notification of such rules\",\r\n      \"Five years from the date of commencement of the Act\",\r\n      \"Three years from the date of notification of such rules\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 45(1)<\/b><br><i>'All existing public buildings shall be made accessible in accordance with the rules formulated by the Central Government within a period not exceeding five years from the date of notification of such rules'<\/i>. The period runs from notification of the rules, not from commencement of the Act.<br><br>Two years from notification of the rules is the deadline for service providers under section 46. Three years is the term of nominated members of the Central and State Advisory Boards (sections 61 and 67).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 110,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, extension of time to the States for making existing public buildings accessible may be granted by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner, for certain categories of buildings\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner on a case to case basis, on the recommendation of the State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Central Government on a case to case basis, depending on the State's state of preparedness\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board on disability, depending on the availability of funds in the State\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 45(1), proviso<\/b><br><i>'the Central Government may grant extension of time to the States on a case to case basis for adherence to this provision depending on their state of preparedness and other related parameters.'<\/i> No consultation with the Chief Commissioner is required here.<br><br>Extension <i>'in consultation with the Chief Commissioner'<\/i> for <i>'certain category of services'<\/i> belongs to the proviso to section 46, which deals with service providers. Neither the Chief Commissioner nor the Central Advisory Board can extend the time limit.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 111,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, an action plan based on prioritisation, for providing accessibility in all buildings and spaces providing essential services such as primary health centres, civil hospitals and schools, is to be formulated and published by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Appropriate Government and the local authorities\",\r\n      \"Central Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 45(2)<\/b><br><i>'The appropriate Government and the local authorities shall formulate and publish an action plan based on prioritisation, for providing accessibility in all their buildings and spaces providing essential services such as all primary health centres, civil hospitals, schools, railway stations and bus stops.'<\/i><br><br>The Central Government consults the Chief Commissioner while framing accessibility standards under section 40, not for this action plan. The State Commissioner (section 79) and the District-level Committee (section 72) have no role in preparing it.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 112,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding accessibility of services:\\n1. The obligation to provide services in accordance with the accessibility rules applies to service providers whether Government or private.\\n2. Services are to conform to the accessibility rules within five years from the date of notification of such rules.\\n3. Extension of time for providing certain categories of services may be granted by the Central Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 46<\/b><br><i>'The service providers whether Government or private shall provide services in accordance with the rules on accessibility formulated by the Central Government under section 40 within a period of two years from the date of notification of such rules'<\/i>. Under the proviso, <i>'the Central Government in consultation with the Chief Commissioner may grant extension of time for providing certain category of services'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. Five years is the outer limit for making existing public buildings accessible under section 45(1); for services it is two years.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 113,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Panchayati Raj Members\\n2. Police officials\\n3. Anganwadi workers\\n4. Lawyers\\nFor which of the above is the appropriate Government to mandate training on disability rights in all courses for their training?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 47(1)(a) and (b)<\/b><br>The appropriate Government shall <i>'mandate training on disability rights in all courses for the training of Panchayati Raj Members, legislators, administrators, police officials, judges and lawyers'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Anganwadi workers fall under clause (b), under which the Government shall <i>'induct disability as a component for all education courses'<\/i> for teachers, doctors, nurses, para-medical personnel, social welfare officers, rural development officers, asha workers, anganwadi workers, engineers, architects and others.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 114,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the duty of the appropriate Government to develop human resource for the purposes of the rights of persons with disabilities is expressly without prejudice to the functions and powers of the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"National Council for Educational Research and Training\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Rehabilitation Council of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 47(1)<\/b><br><i>'Without prejudice to any function and power of Rehabilitation Council of India constituted under the Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992, the appropriate Government shall endeavour to develop human resource for the purposes of this Act'<\/i>.<br><br>The Director of NCERT and the Chairperson of the Rehabilitation Council of India sit as ex officio members of the Central Advisory Board under section 60, and the Chief Commissioner is appointed under section 74. Only the Rehabilitation Council of India is saved in this provision.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 115,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding human resource development for persons with disabilities:\\n1. All Universities shall promote teaching and research in disability studies, including establishment of study centres for such studies.\\n2. The appropriate Government shall, in every five years, undertake a need based analysis and formulate plans for recruitment, induction, sensitisation, orientation and training of suitable personnel.\\n3. The appropriate Government shall conduct training programmes for sports teachers with focus on sports, games and adventure activities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 47(1)(e), (2) and (3)<\/b><br><i>'All Universities shall promote teaching and research in disability studies including establishment of study centres for such studies.'<\/i> The appropriate Government <i>'shall in every five years undertake a need based analysis and formulate plans for the recruitment, induction, sensitisation, orientation and training of suitable personnel'<\/i>, and shall <i>'conduct training programmes for sports teachers with focus on sports, games, adventure activities'<\/i>.<br><br>All three statements reproduce the provision. Five years is also the interval for the survey of school going children under section 17(a), a different obligation.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 116,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Duties and Responsibilities of Appropriate Governments\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, social audit of all general schemes and programmes involving persons with disabilities, to ensure that they do not have an adverse impact upon such persons, is to be undertaken by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"Appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"District-level Committee on disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 48<\/b><br><i>'The appropriate Government shall undertake social audit of all general schemes and programmes involving the persons with disabilities to ensure that the scheme and programmes do not have an adverse impact upon the persons with disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>The Chief Commissioner reviews safeguards and inquires into deprivation of rights under section 75, and the Central Advisory Board is the national-level consultative and advisory body under section 65; neither is charged with the social audit. The District-level Committee is constituted by the State Government under section 72.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 117,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following institutions for persons with disabilities:\\n1. An institution run by a registered charitable society\\n2. An institution maintained by a State Government\\n3. An institution for care of mentally ill persons holding a valid licence under the Mental Health Act, 1987\\n4. An institution established by a municipal corporation\\nWhich of the above require a certificate of registration from the competent authority?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 50 and 54<\/b><br><i>'no person shall establish or maintain any institution for persons with disabilities except in accordance with a certificate of registration issued in this behalf by the competent authority'<\/i>. Under the proviso, an institution for care of mentally ill persons holding a valid licence under the Mental Health Act, 1987 or any other law <i>'shall not be required to be registered under this Act'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 2 is excluded as the registration provisions do not apply to an institution <i>'established or maintained by the Central Government or a State Government'<\/i> (section 54). Item 4 is covered: the exclusion does not extend to local authorities.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 118,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, on being satisfied that the applicant has complied with the requirements, the competent authority shall grant a certificate of registration to an institution for persons with disabilities within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Thirty days of receipt of application\",\r\n      \"Ninety days of receipt of application\",\r\n      \"Sixty days of receipt of application\",\r\n      \"Six months of receipt of application\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 51(2)<\/b><br>The competent authority, <i>'on being satisfied that the applicant has complied with the requirements of this Act and the rules made thereunder, it shall grant a certificate of registration to the applicant within a period of ninety days of receipt of application'<\/i>.<br><br>Sixty days is the minimum lead time for a renewal application before expiry under section 51(5). Six months is the outer limit for the State Government to make rules under section 101(1), and thirty days is the period for which rules are laid before Parliament under section 100(3).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 119,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding refusal of a certificate of registration by the competent authority, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Before making an order of refusal, the applicant must be given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.\\n2. Every order of refusal must be communicated to the applicant in writing.\\n3. The order of refusal is final and cannot be appealed against.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 51(2), proviso<\/b><br><i>'before making any order refusing to grant a certificate, the competent authority shall give the applicant a reasonable opportunity of being heard and every order of refusal to grant a certificate shall be communicated to the applicant in writing.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. Under section 53(1), a person aggrieved by an order <i>'refusing to grant a certificate of registration or revoking a certificate of registration'<\/i> may appeal to the appellate authority notified by the State Government. It is the order of the appellate authority that is final (section 53(2)).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 120,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding a certificate of registration granted to an institution for persons with disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Unless revoked, it remains in force for such period as may be prescribed by the Central Government.\\n2. It may be renewed from time to time for a like period.\\n3. An application for its renewal shall be made not less than sixty days before the expiry of the period of validity.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 51(4) and (5)<\/b><br>The certificate <i>'shall, unless revoked under section 52 remain in force for such period as may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i> and <i>'may be renewed from time to time for a like period'<\/i>. Further, <i>'An application for renewal of a certificate of registration shall be made not less than sixty days before the expiry of the period of validity.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. Validity, form and conditions of the certificate are prescribed by the State Government, as also reflected in section 101(2)(e).<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 121,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding revocation of the certificate of registration of an institution for persons with disabilities:\\n1. It may be revoked if the holder has made a statement which is incorrect or false in material particulars in relation to an application for issue or renewal of the certificate.\\n2. The revoked certificate is to be surrendered to the appellate authority within thirty days of the revocation.\\n3. Any person with disability who is an inmate of the institution may be directed to be transferred to any other institution specified by the competent authority.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 52(1), (3) and (4)<\/b><br>The certificate may be revoked if the holder has <i>'made a statement in relation to any application for the issue or renewal of the certificate which is incorrect or false in material particulars'<\/i>. On revocation, an inmate may be restored to the custody of parent, spouse or lawful guardian, or <i>'transferred to any other institution specified by the competent authority'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. The institution shall, <i>'immediately after such revocation, surrender such certificate to the competent authority'<\/i>, not to the appellate authority.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 122,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the power to revoke the certificate of registration of an institution for persons with disabilities, after giving the holder an opportunity to show cause, vests in the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State Government\",\r\n      \"Appellate authority notified by the State Government\",\r\n      \"Competent authority\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 52(1)<\/b><br><i>'The competent authority may, if it has reason to believe'<\/i> that the holder has made a false statement or committed a breach of rules or conditions, <i>'after making such inquiry, as it deems fit, by order, revoke the certificate'<\/i>. The proviso requires an opportunity <i>'to show cause as to why the certificate of registration shall not be revoked'<\/i>.<br><br>The appellate authority under section 53 only hears appeals against refusal or revocation. The State Government appoints the competent authority (section 49) but does not itself revoke, and the State Commissioner has no role in registration.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 123,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, an appeal against an order of the competent authority refusing to grant a certificate of registration to an institution for persons with disabilities lies to:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"The Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Such appellate authority as may be notified by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"Such appellate authority as may be notified by the State Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 53(1)<\/b><br>Any person aggrieved by the order of the competent authority refusing or revoking registration may, <i>'within such period as may be prescribed by the State Government, prefer an appeal to such appellate authority, as may be notified by the State Government against such refusal or revocation'<\/i>.<br><br>The Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner (sections 74 and 79) inquire into deprivation of rights but are not appellate authorities for registration. The Central Government has no role, the competent authority itself being appointed by the State Government under section 49.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 124,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Registration of Institutions for Persons with Disabilities and Grants\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the order of the appellate authority on an appeal against revocation of the certificate of registration of an institution for persons with disabilities is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Final\",\r\n      \"Subject to revision by the State Government\",\r\n      \"Subject to review by the State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Appealable to the Chief Commissioner\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 53(2)<\/b><br><i>'The order of the appellate authority on such appeal shall be final.'<\/i> The appeal itself lies to the appellate authority notified by the State Government, within the period prescribed by that Government (section 53(1)).<br><br>No revision by the State Government, review by the State Commissioner or further appeal to the Chief Commissioner is provided. The powers of the Commissioners under sections 75 and 80 to inquire into deprivation of rights are not appellate powers over registration orders.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 125,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Certification of Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Function relating to certification of specified disabilities) with List-II (Authority):\\nList-I\\nA. Notifying guidelines for assessing the extent of specified disability\\nB. Designating persons as certifying authorities and notifying their jurisdiction\\nC. Designating the appellate authority against a decision of a certifying authority\\nD. Assessing the disability of an applicant for a certificate\\nList-II\\n1. Central Government\\n2. State Government\\n3. Appropriate Government\\n4. Certifying authority\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 56 to 59<\/b><br>A-1: <i>'The Central Government shall notify guidelines for the purpose of assessing the extent of specified disability in a person.'<\/i> B-3: <i>'The appropriate Government shall designate persons, having requisite qualifications and experience, as certifying authorities'<\/i> and notifies their jurisdiction. C-2: an appeal lies <i>'to such appellate authority as the State Government may designate for the purpose'<\/i>. D-4: <i>'the certifying authority shall assess the disability of the concerned person in accordance with relevant guidelines notified under section 56'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence, A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 126,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Certification of Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where, on assessment, a certifying authority finds that an applicant has no specified disability, it shall:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Refer the application to the appellate authority designated by the State Government\",\r\n      \"Issue a certificate of disability recording the extent of disability as nil\",\r\n      \"Inform the applicant in writing that he has no specified disability\",\r\n      \"Forward the case to the State Commissioner for a final decision\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 58(2)<\/b><br>After assessing the disability in accordance with the guidelines notified under section 56, the certifying authority shall either <i>'issue a certificate of disability to such person, in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government'<\/i> or <i>'inform him in writing that he has no specified disability.'<\/i><br><br>No reference to the appellate authority or the State Commissioner is contemplated, and a nil certificate is not provided for. It is the aggrieved applicant who may appeal under section 59(1) to the appellate authority designated by the State Government.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 127,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Certification of Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a certificate of disability issued by a certifying authority is valid:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Within the State in which it is issued\",\r\n      \"Across the country\",\r\n      \"Within the jurisdiction notified for the certifying authority\",\r\n      \"For the period prescribed by the State Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 58(3)<\/b><br><i>'The certificate of disability issued under this section shall be valid across the country.'<\/i><br><br>The jurisdiction notified by the appropriate Government under section 57(2) limits where a certifying authority may <i>'perform its certification functions'<\/i>, not where the certificate is valid. The State Government prescribes the time and manner of appeal under section 59, not the validity of the certificate, whose form is prescribed by the Central Government under section 58(2)(a).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 128,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the Vice-Chairperson of the Central Advisory Board on Disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The Minister of State in charge dealing with the Department of Disability Affairs\",\r\n      \"The Secretary to the Government of India in charge of the Department of Disability Affairs\",\r\n      \"The Joint Secretary to the Government of India dealing with the subject of disability policy\",\r\n      \"The Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 60(2)(b)<\/b><br>The Vice Chairperson, ex officio, is <i>'the Minister of State in charge dealing with Department of Disability Affairs in the Ministry in the Central Government'<\/i>; the Chairperson under clause (a) is the Minister in charge of that Department.<br><br>The Secretary in charge of Disability Affairs is only a Member under clause (e). The Joint Secretary dealing with disability policy is the <i>'Member-Secretary, ex officio'<\/i> under clause (s). The Chief Commissioner, appointed under section 74, is not a member of the Board.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 129,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (category of Members of the Central Advisory Board on Disability) with List-II (number):\\nList-I\\nA. Experts in the field of disability and rehabilitation nominated by the Central Government\\nB. Nominated Members, as far as practicable persons with disabilities, representing non-Governmental Organisations or disabled persons organisations\\nC. Representatives of national level chambers of commerce and industry\\nD. Members of Parliament elected by the Rajya Sabha\\nList-II\\n1. Up to three\\n2. One\\n3. Ten\\n4. Five\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 60(2)(c) and (r)<\/b><br>The Central Government nominates <i>'five Members who are experts in the field of disability and rehabilitation'<\/i>, <i>'ten Members, as far as practicable, being persons with disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'up to three representatives of national level chambers of commerce and industry'<\/i>. Of the three Members of Parliament, <i>'two shall be elected by Lok Sabha and one by the Rajya Sabha'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2.<br><br>The trap codes swap five and ten between the experts and the NGO representatives, and confuse the single Rajya Sabha seat with the three chamber representatives.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 130,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Ministers in charge of Disability Affairs of all States\\n2. Chairperson, University Grants Commission\\n3. Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\\n4. Chairman, Railway Board\\nWhich of the above are ex officio Members of the Central Advisory Board on Disability?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 60(2)(d), (k) and (o)<\/b><br>The Board includes <i>'the Ministers in charge of Disability Affairs of all States and Administrators or Lieutenant Governors of the Union territories'<\/i>, the <i>'Chairman, Railway Board'<\/i> and the <i>'Chairperson, University Grants Commission'<\/i>, all as Members, ex officio.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. The Chief Commissioner is appointed by the Central Government under section 74 as a separate monitoring authority with powers of a civil court (section 77); he finds no place in the Board's composition.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 131,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following Ministries\/Departments of the Government of India:\\n1. Labour and Employment\\n2. Civil Aviation\\n3. Legal Affairs\\n4. Youth Affairs and Sports\\nThe Secretaries in charge of which of the above are ex officio Members of the Central Advisory Board on Disability?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 60(2)(e) and (l)<\/b><br>The Secretaries listed include those in charge of <i>'Legal Affairs, Public Enterprises, Youth Affairs and Sports, Road Transport and Highways and Civil Aviation'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 1 is wrong. The Ministry of Labour and Employment is represented on the Central Board not by its Secretary but by the <i>'Director-General, Employment and Training'<\/i> under clause (l). Labour and Employment figures in the secretaries' list of the State Advisory Board under section 66(2)(c), which in turn omits Civil Aviation and Legal Affairs.<br><br>Hence, 2, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 132,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (National Institute whose Director is an ex officio Member of the Central Advisory Board on Disability) with List-II (location as specified):\\nList-I\\nA. National Institute for the Visually Handicapped\\nB. National Institute for the Orthopaedically Handicapped\\nC. National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research\\nD. National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities\\nList-II\\n1. Kolkata\\n2. Chennai\\n3. Dehradun\\n4. Cuttack\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 60(2)(q)<\/b><br>The Directors listed include those of the <i>'National Institute for the Visually Handicapped, Dehradun'<\/i>, the <i>'National Institute for the Orthopaedically Handicapped, Kolkata'<\/i>, the <i>'National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Cuttack'<\/i> and the <i>'National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities, Chennai'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.<br><br>The other listed institutes are at Secundrabad (Mentally Handicapped), Mumbai (Ali Yavar Jung, Hearing Handicapped), Bangalore (Mental Health and Sciences) and New Delhi (Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Institute and the Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 133,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, out of the ten Members nominated to the Central Advisory Board on Disability to represent organisations concerned with disabilities, there must be at least:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three women and one person each from the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes\",\r\n      \"Five women and one person each from the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes\",\r\n      \"Five women and two persons each from the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes\",\r\n      \"Four women and one person each from the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 60(2)(r)(ii), proviso<\/b><br><i>'Provided that out of the ten Members nominated, at least, five Members shall be women and at least one person each shall be from the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes'<\/i>.<br><br>The same floor of five women and one person each from the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes applies to the ten persons nominated to a State Advisory Board under the proviso to section 66(2)(e)(iii). Three is the number of Members of Parliament (section 60(2)(c)), and four per cent is the reservation in posts under section 34.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 134,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following:\\n1. He has at any time been adjudged insolvent.\\n2. He has been convicted of an offence punishable with imprisonment.\\n3. He is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court.\\n4. He has at any time been convicted of an offence under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.\\nWhich of the above are grounds on which a person is disqualified from being a Member of the Central Advisory Board on Disability?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 62(1)<\/b><br>A person is disqualified who <i>'is, or at any time has been, adjudged insolvent'<\/i>, who <i>'is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court'<\/i>, or who <i>'is, or at any time has been, convicted of an offence under this Act'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. For other offences, conviction disqualifies only where the offence, <i>'in the opinion of the Central Government, involves moral turpitude'<\/i>; mere punishability with imprisonment is not the test.<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 135,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding a Member of the Central Advisory Board on Disability:\\n1. No order removing him on a ground of disqualification can be made unless he has been given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause.\\n2. If he becomes subject to any of the specified disqualifications, his seat becomes vacant.\\n3. If removed on a ground of disqualification, he becomes eligible for renomination after the expiry of three years.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 62(2), 62(3) and 63<\/b><br><i>'No order of removal shall be made by the Central Government under this section unless the Member concerned has been given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against the same.'<\/i> On becoming subject to any disqualification, <i>'his seat shall become vacant'<\/i> (section 63).<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. A Member so removed <i>'shall not be eligible for renomination as a Member'<\/i>, notwithstanding the renomination clause in section 61(5); there is no cooling-off period. Three years is only the normal term of a nominated Member (section 61(1)).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 136,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, on policies, programmes, legislation and projects with respect to disability, the Central Advisory Board on Disability is to advise:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The Central Government and the State Governments\",\r\n      \"The Central Government only\",\r\n      \"The Central Government and the Chief Commissioner\",\r\n      \"The Central Government and the State Advisory Boards\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 65(2)(a)<\/b><br>The Board shall <i>'advise the Central Government and the State Governments on policies, programmes, legislation and projects with respect to disability'<\/i>, in keeping with its role as <i>'the national-level consultative and advisory body on disability matters'<\/i> under section 65(1).<br><br>The State Advisory Board advises only <i>'the State Government'<\/i> (section 71(2)(a)). The Chief Commissioner is not an advisee of the Board; he himself recommends corrective steps under section 75.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 137,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Develop a national policy to address issues concerning persons with disabilities\\n2. Inquire, suo motu or otherwise, into deprivation of rights of persons with disabilities\\n3. Review and coordinate the activities of Governmental and non-Governmental Organisations dealing with matters relating to persons with disabilities\\n4. Monitor utilisation of funds disbursed by the Central Government for the benefit of persons with disabilities\\nWhich of the above are functions of the Central Advisory Board on Disability?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 65(2)(b) and (c)<\/b><br>The Board shall <i>'develop a national policy to address issues concerning persons with disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'review and coordinate the activities of all Departments of the Government and other Governmental and non-Governmental Organisations'<\/i> dealing with disability.<br><br>Items 2 and 4 are wrong. Inquiry, <i>'suo motu or otherwise'<\/i>, into deprivation of rights and monitoring <i>'utilisation of funds disbursed by the Central Government'<\/i> are functions of the Chief Commissioner under section 75(1)(b) and (i). The Board's own monitoring role is to evaluate the impact of laws, policies and programmes (clause (f)).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 138,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, in a State that has no Legislative Council, the Members of the State Legislature on the State Advisory Board on disability are:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Two Members, both elected by the Legislative Assembly\",\r\n      \"Three Members, two elected by the Assembly and one nominated\",\r\n      \"Three Members, all elected by the Legislative Assembly\",\r\n      \"One Member, elected by the Legislative Assembly\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 66(2)(d)<\/b><br>The Board has <i>'three Members of the State Legislature of whom two shall be elected by the Legislative Assembly and one by the Legislative Council, if any, and where there is no Legislative Council, three Members shall be elected by the Legislative Assembly'<\/i>.<br><br>The strength stays at three; the Council's seat passes to the Assembly rather than lapsing or going to nomination. Nomination by the State Government applies only to clause (e). The Central Board's parallel is three Members of Parliament, two from Lok Sabha and one from Rajya Sabha (section 60(2)(c)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 139,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding Members nominated to a State Advisory Board on disability, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Ten persons, as far as practicable persons with disabilities, are nominated to represent non-Governmental Organisations or associations concerned with disabilities.\\n2. Members representing the districts by rotation are nominated only on the recommendation of the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities.\\n3. Not more than three representatives of the State Chamber of Commerce and Industry are nominated.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 66(2)(e)<\/b><br>The State Government nominates <i>'ten persons as far as practicable, being persons with disabilities, to represent non-Governmental Organisations or associations which are concerned with disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'not more than three representatives of the State Chamber of Commerce and Industry'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. The proviso to sub-clause (ii) says <i>'no nomination under this sub-clause shall be made except on the recommendation of the district administration concerned'<\/i>. The State Commissioner (section 79) has no role in constituting the Board.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 140,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following Departments of a State Government:\\n1. Finance\\n2. Civil Aviation\\n3. Labour and Employment\\n4. Road Transport\\nThe secretaries in charge of which of the above are named as ex officio Members of the State Advisory Board on disability?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 66(2)(c)<\/b><br>The list includes <i>'Finance, Personnel and Training'<\/i>, <i>'Labour and Employment'<\/i> and <i>'Youth Affairs and Sports, Road Transport'<\/i>, besides <i>'any other Department, which the State Government considers necessary'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. Civil Aviation is named only in the Central Advisory Board's list under section 60(2)(e). Conversely, the Central list names Expenditure rather than Finance and does not name Labour and Employment.<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 141,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the Member-Secretary of a State Advisory Board on disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"An officer not below the rank of Joint Secretary in the Department dealing with disability matters\",\r\n      \"The secretary to the State Government in charge of the Department of Disability Affairs\",\r\n      \"The State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"The Joint Secretary to the Government of India dealing with disability policy\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 66(2)(f)<\/b><br>The Member-Secretary, ex officio, is an <i>'officer not below the rank of Joint Secretary in the Department dealing with disability matters in the State Government'<\/i>.<br><br>The secretary in charge of Disability Affairs is only a Member under clause (c). The Joint Secretary to the Government of India dealing with disability policy is Member-Secretary of the Central Advisory Board (section 60(2)(s)). The State Commissioner, appointed under section 79, is not on the Board.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 142,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (feature) with List-II (body to which it applies):\\nList-I\\nA. Five nominated Members representing the districts by rotation\\nB. Secretary, NITI Aayog as an ex officio Member\\nC. Nominated representatives of chambers of commerce and industry\\nD. Vice-Chairperson drawn from the Members of the Legislature\\nList-II\\n1. Central Advisory Board on Disability only\\n2. State Advisory Board on disability only\\n3. Both the Central and State Advisory Boards\\n4. Neither of the two Boards\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 60(2) and 66(2)<\/b><br>Only the State Board has <i>'five Members to be nominated by the State Government by rotation to represent the districts'<\/i>. Only the Central Board has the <i>'Secretary, National Institute of Transforming India (NITI) Aayog'<\/i>. Both have chamber representatives: national chambers at the Centre and <i>'the State Chamber of Commerce and Industry'<\/i> in the State.<br><br>Hence A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4.<br><br>Neither Vice-Chairperson is a legislator-member: it is the Minister of State at the Centre and the Minister of State or Deputy Minister, if any, in the State.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 143,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, before the expiry of his term, a nominated Member of a State Advisory Board on disability may be removed by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State Government, after giving him a reasonable opportunity of showing cause\",\r\n      \"Central Government, on a reference made to it by the State Government\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner, after holding an inquiry into his conduct\",\r\n      \"Chairperson of the Board, with the approval of the State Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 67(2)<\/b><br><i>'The State Government may, if it thinks fit, remove any Member nominated under clause (e) of sub-section (2) of section 66, before the expiry of his term of office after giving him a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against the same.'<\/i><br><br>The Central Government holds the parallel power only for the Central Board (section 61(2)). The State Commissioner's inquiry power under section 80 concerns deprivation of rights, not Board membership, and the Chairperson has no removal power.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 144,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a State Advisory Board on disability is required to meet at least once in every:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three months\",\r\n      \"Year\",\r\n      \"Two years\",\r\n      \"Six months\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 70<\/b><br><i>'The State Advisory Board shall meet at least once in every six months'<\/i> and observes rules of procedure <i>'as may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>.<br><br>Section 64 lays down the same six-monthly minimum for the Central Advisory Board. Three months is the time-limit for an authority to inform the Chief Commissioner of action taken on his recommendation (section 76), and three years is the term of a nominated Member (section 67(1)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 145,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding the functions of a State Advisory Board on disability:\\n1. Besides its listed functions, it performs such other functions as may be assigned from time to time by the Central Government.\\n2. It develops a State policy to address issues concerning persons with disabilities.\\n3. It takes up the cause of persons with disabilities with the concerned authorities and the international organisations with a view to provide for schemes and projects in the State plans.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 71(2)(b), (d) and (g)<\/b><br>The State Board shall <i>'develop a State policy to address issues concerning persons with disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'take up the cause of persons with disabilities with the concerned authorities and the international organisations'<\/i> for schemes and projects <i>'in the State plans'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. Residuary functions are those <i>'assigned from time to time by the State Government'<\/i> (clause (g)). The Central Government assigns additional functions only to the Central Advisory Board (section 65(2)(g)).<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 146,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability and District Level Committee\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the District-level Committee on disability is constituted by, and performs such functions as may be prescribed by, the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"State Government\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Central Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 72<\/b><br><i>'The State Government shall constitute District-level Committee on disability to perform such functions as may be prescribed by it.'<\/i> Constitution is mandatory, and the functions are left to the State's rules.<br><br>The State Advisory Board is a consultative body (section 71) and constitutes no committee. The State Commissioner is the monitoring authority under section 80. A person dissatisfied with a Grievance Redressal Officer's action may approach this Committee under section 23(4).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 147,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the Commissioners appointed by the Central Government to assist the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities are:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three in number, of whom at least one shall be a woman\",\r\n      \"Two in number, of whom one shall be a woman\",\r\n      \"Two in number, of whom one shall be a person with disability\",\r\n      \"Three in number, of whom one shall be a person with disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 74(2)<\/b><br>The Central Government may <i>'by notification appoint two Commissioners to assist the Chief Commissioner, of which one Commissioner shall be a persons with disability'<\/i>. The Act imposes no gender requirement on these posts.<br><br>The woman requirement belongs to the Central Advisory Board, where at least five of the ten members nominated under section 60(2)(r)(ii) must be women; the same rule applies to the State Advisory Board. No Commissioners at all are provided to assist a State Commissioner under section 79.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 148,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, to qualify for appointment as the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities, a person must:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Have special knowledge or practical experience in respect of matters relating to rehabilitation\",\r\n      \"Be a person with benchmark disability with experience of public administration\",\r\n      \"Have held a post not below the rank of Secretary to the Government of India\",\r\n      \"Have been an expert in the field of disability and rehabilitation for not less than seven years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 74(3)<\/b><br><i>'A person shall not be qualified for appointment as the Chief Commissioner or Commissioner unless he has special knowledge or practical experience in respect of matters relating to rehabilitation.'<\/i> Section 79(2) lays down the identical test for a State Commissioner.<br><br>The Act sets no rank, length-of-service or own-disability condition for the Chief Commissioner. Disability is required only of one of the two Commissioners under section 74(2). Seven years is the advocate's practice requirement for a Special Public Prosecutor under section 85(1).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 149,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the advisory committee that assists the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities comprises:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Not more than five members drawn from the experts in the disability sector\",\r\n      \"Five experts in the field of disability and rehabilitation and up to three representatives of chambers of commerce\",\r\n      \"Not more than eleven members drawn from the experts from different disabilities\",\r\n      \"Ten members, as far as practicable, being persons with disabilities representing non-Governmental Organisations\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 74(8)<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner <i>'shall be assisted by an advisory committee comprising of not more than eleven members drawn from the experts from different disabilities'<\/i>, in the manner prescribed by the Central Government.<br><br>Not more than five members drawn from experts in the disability sector is the State Commissioner's advisory committee under section 79(7). Five experts, ten NGO representatives and up to three chamber of commerce representatives are the nominated members of the Central Advisory Board under section 60(2)(r).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 150,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following:\\n1. Identifying provisions of any law or policy that are inconsistent with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and recommending corrective steps\\n2. Developing a national policy to address issues concerning persons with disabilities\\n3. Monitoring utilisation of funds disbursed by the Central Government for the benefit of persons with disabilities\\n4. Studying treaties and other international instruments on the rights of persons with disabilities\\nWhich of the above are functions of the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 75(1)<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner shall <i>'identify, suo motu or otherwise, the provisions of any law or policy, programme and procedures, which are inconsistent with this Act'<\/i>, <i>'study treaties and other international instruments'<\/i> and <i>'monitor utilisation of funds disbursed by the Central Government'<\/i>. Items 1, 3 and 4 are clauses (a), (e) and (i).<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. Developing a national policy is a function of the Central Advisory Board under section 65(2)(b).<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 151,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, while discharging his functions, the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is required to consult the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"advisory committee of experts from different disabilities\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board on disability\",\r\n      \"State Commissioners concerned\",\r\n      \"Commissioners\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 75(2)<\/b><br><i>'The Chief Commissioner shall consult the Commissioners on any matter while discharging its functions under this Act.'<\/i> The duty to consult extends to <i>'any matter'<\/i>.<br><br>The advisory committee of not more than eleven experts under section 74(8) assists him, but the Act sets no duty to consult it. The Central Advisory Board under section 65 advises the Central and State Governments, not the Chief Commissioner. State Commissioners are separate authorities under section 79 and report to their own State Governments.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 152,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding a recommendation made by the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities after inquiring into deprivation of rights of persons with disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. The authority to which the recommendation is made shall take necessary action on it.\\n2. The authority shall inform the Chief Commissioner of the action taken within three months from the date of receipt of the recommendation.\\n3. Where the authority does not accept the recommendation, it shall convey the reasons for non-acceptance to the Central Government.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 76 and proviso<\/b><br>The authority <i>'shall take necessary action on it, and inform the Chief Commissioner of the action taken within three months from the date of receipt of the recommendation'<\/i>. Statements 1 and 2 are correct.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. Under the proviso, a non-accepting authority <i>'shall convey reasons for non-acceptance to the Chief Commissioner within a period of three months, and shall also inform the aggrieved person'<\/i>. The Central Government receives the reasons for non-acceptance only through the memorandum laid with the reports under section 78(2).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 153,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses\\n2. Requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any court or office\\n3. Imposing fine for failure to produce any book, account or other document\\n4. Issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents\\nIn respect of which of the above does the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities have the same powers as a civil court trying a suit?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 77(1)<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner has civil court powers under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 for <i>'summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses'<\/i>, <i>'requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any court or office'<\/i> and <i>'issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents'<\/i>. Discovery of documents and evidence on affidavits are also listed.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Failure to produce documents is an offence under section 93, punishable with fine up to twenty-five thousand rupees, and is tried by a court, not imposed by the Chief Commissioner.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 154,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, for the purposes of the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 relating to offences affecting the administration of justice, the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is deemed to be a:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Court of Session\",\r\n      \"Special Court\",\r\n      \"Court of a Judicial Magistrate of the first class\",\r\n      \"Civil court\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 77(2)<\/b><br><i>'Every proceeding before the Chief Commissioner shall be a judicial proceeding'<\/i> within the meaning of the Indian Penal Code, and <i>'the Chief Commissioner shall be deemed to be a civil court for the purposes of section 195 and Chapter XXVI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973'<\/i>. Section 82(2) applies the same deeming to a State Commissioner.<br><br>A Court of Session is what the State Government specifies as a Special Court for each district under section 84. The Chief Commissioner does not try offences.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 155,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities may submit special reports to the Central Government:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Only when called upon to do so by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"At any time, on a matter which in his opinion is too urgent or important to be deferred till the annual report\",\r\n      \"Once every six months, along with the meetings of the Central Advisory Board\",\r\n      \"Only on matters relating to the utilisation of the National Fund for persons with disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 78(1)<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner <i>'shall submit an annual report to the Central Government and may at any time submit special reports on any matter, which, in his opinion, is of such urgency or importance that it shall not be deferred till submission of the annual report'<\/i>.<br><br>The trigger is his own opinion, not a request from the Government. The once-in-six-months rule is the minimum meeting frequency of the Central Advisory Board under section 64. Accounts of the National Fund are dealt with by the Central Government and the CAG under section 87.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 156,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I with List-II:\\nList-I\\nA. Authority to which the Chief Commissioner submits his annual report\\nB. Authority to which the State Commissioner submits his annual report\\nC. Body before which the Chief Commissioner's reports are laid\\nD. Body before which the State Commissioner's reports are laid\\nList-II\\n1. Each House of Parliament\\n2. State Government\\n3. State Legislature\\n4. Central Government\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 78 and 83<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner <i>'shall submit an annual report to the Central Government'<\/i>, which lays it <i>'before each House of Parliament'<\/i>. The State Commissioner <i>'shall submit an annual report to the State Government'<\/i>, which lays it <i>'before each House of State Legislature where it consists of two Houses'<\/i>, or before the single House.<br><br>The trap codes confuse the authority that receives a report with the House before which it is laid.<br><br>Hence, A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 157,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities:\\n1. He is appointed by the Central Government, by notification, in consultation with the State Government.\\n2. His salary, allowances and other terms and conditions of service are prescribed by the State Government.\\n3. He must have special knowledge or practical experience in respect of matters relating to rehabilitation.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 79(1)-(3)<\/b><br>Salary and service conditions are such <i>'as may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>, and the State Commissioner must have <i>'special knowledge or practical experience in respect of matters relating to rehabilitation'<\/i>. Statements 2 and 3 are correct.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. <i>'The State Government may, by notification, appoint a State Commissioner'<\/i>. The Central Government has no role in the appointment. It appoints only the Chief Commissioner and the two Commissioners under section 74.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 158,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, all of the following are provided for a State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities EXCEPT:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"An advisory committee of experts in the disability sector\",\r\n      \"Two Commissioners to assist him, one of whom shall be a person with disability\",\r\n      \"Officers and employees working under his general superintendence and control\",\r\n      \"Powers of a civil court for receiving evidence on affidavits\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 79 and 74(2)<\/b><br>A State Commissioner has an advisory committee of <i>'not more than five members drawn from the experts in the disability sector'<\/i> under section 79(7), staff under his <i>'general superintendence and control'<\/i> under section 79(5), and civil court powers including <i>'receiving evidence on affidavits'<\/i> under section 82(1)(d).<br><br>Two Commissioners, one of whom is a person with disability, are appointed only <i>'to assist the Chief Commissioner'<\/i> under section 74(2). Section 79 has no counterpart provision.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 159,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the advisory committee that assists a State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities consists of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Not more than eleven members, in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government\",\r\n      \"Not more than five members, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"Not more than eleven members, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"Not more than five members, in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 79(7)<\/b><br><i>'The State Commissioner shall be assisted by an advisory committee comprising of not more than five members drawn from the experts in the disability sector in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government.'<\/i><br><br>Not more than eleven members, drawn from experts from different disabilities in the manner prescribed by the Central Government, is the Chief Commissioner's committee under section 74(8). The wrong options mix up the size and the prescribing Government between the two committees.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 160,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following:\\n1. Identifying provisions of any law, policy, programme or procedure inconsistent with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and recommending corrective steps\\n2. Studying treaties and other international instruments on the rights of persons with disabilities and recommending their effective implementation\\n3. Monitoring utilisation of funds disbursed by the State Government for the benefit of persons with disabilities\\n4. Promoting awareness of the rights of persons with disabilities and the safeguards available for their protection\\nWhich of the above are functions of a State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 80<\/b><br>The State Commissioner shall <i>'monitor utilisation of funds disbursed by the State Government for the benefits of persons with disabilities'<\/i> and <i>'promote awareness of the rights of persons with disabilities and the safeguards available for their protection'<\/i>. Identifying inconsistent laws is clause (a). Items 1, 3 and 4 are correct.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. Studying <i>'treaties and other international instruments'<\/i> is a function of the Chief Commissioner alone under section 75(1)(e). Section 80 has nine clauses against the Chief Commissioner's ten, and this is the one left out.<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 161,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities may inquire, suo motu or otherwise, into deprivation of rights of persons with disabilities in respect of matters for which the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State Government is the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"Central Government is the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"State Government or the Central Government is the appropriate Government\",\r\n      \"local authority is responsible for implementation\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 80(b)<\/b><br>The State Commissioner shall <i>'inquire, suo motu or otherwise deprivation of rights of persons with disabilities and safeguards available to them in respect of matters for which the State Government is the appropriate Government'<\/i> and take up the matter for corrective action.<br><br>Matters for which the Central Government is the appropriate Government fall to the Chief Commissioner under section 75(1)(b). The jurisdictions are divided by the appropriate Government. They are not concurrent, and they are not defined by reference to local authorities.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 162,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, where an authority does not accept a recommendation made to it by a State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities after an inquiry into deprivation of rights, the authority shall:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Convey the reasons for non-acceptance to the State Government within three months and inform the State Advisory Board\",\r\n      \"Convey the reasons for non-acceptance to the State Commissioner within six months and inform the aggrieved person\",\r\n      \"Convey the reasons for non-acceptance to the State Commissioner within three months and inform the aggrieved person\",\r\n      \"Convey the reasons for non-acceptance to the Chief Commissioner within three months and inform the State Commissioner\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 81, proviso<\/b><br>The authority <i>'shall convey reasons for non-acceptance to the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities within the period of three months, and shall also inform the aggrieved person'<\/i>. Where it does accept, it must report the action taken within three months of receiving the recommendation.<br><br>Six months does not apply. The reasons go to the State Commissioner, not to the State Government or the State Advisory Board. The Chief Commissioner has no supervisory role over recommendations of a State Commissioner. Section 76 mirrors this for the Chief Commissioner.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 163,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Chief Commissioner and State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding a State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities:\\n1. He has the powers of a Court of Session for summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses.\\n2. Every proceeding before him is a judicial proceeding within the meaning of the relevant provisions of the Indian Penal Code.\\n3. He is deemed to be a civil court for the purposes of the relevant provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 82<\/b><br><i>'Every proceeding before the State Commissioner shall be a judicial proceeding'<\/i>, and he is <i>'deemed to be a civil court'<\/i> for the purposes of section 195 and Chapter XXVI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. Statements 2 and 3 are correct.<br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. His powers for summoning witnesses are <i>'the same powers of a civil court as are vested in a court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 while trying a suit'<\/i>. A Court of Session is what serves as a Special Court under section 84.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 164,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Court\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, for the purpose of providing speedy trial of offences relating to rights of persons with disabilities, a Special Court is specified by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"High Court, in consultation with the State Government\",\r\n      \"State Government, with the concurrence of the Chief Justice of the High Court\",\r\n      \"Central Government, with the concurrence of the Chief Justice of India\",\r\n      \"State Government, in consultation with the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 84<\/b><br><i>'For the purpose of providing speedy trial, the State Government shall, with the concurrence of the Chief Justice of the High Court, by notification, specify for each district, a Court of Session to be a Special Court'<\/i>.<br><br>The power belongs to the State Government, and the condition is concurrence, not mere consultation. The High Court does not make the notification. The Central Government and the Chief Justice of India have no role. The State Commissioner's functions under section 80 do not extend to this.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 165,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Court\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the court specified as a Special Court to try offences relating to rights of persons with disabilities is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A Court of the Chief Judicial Magistrate for each district\",\r\n      \"One Court of Session for each State\",\r\n      \"A Court of Session for each division of the State\",\r\n      \"A Court of Session for each district\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 84<\/b><br>The State Government shall <i>'specify for each district, a Court of Session to be a Special Court to try the offences under this Act'<\/i>. The unit is the district and the court is a Court of Session.<br><br>No magistrate's court is designated. The Act creates no State-level or division-level Special Court. The district is the same unit used for the District-level Committee on disability under section 72.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 166,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Special Court\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, an advocate appointed by the State Government as a Special Public Prosecutor for a Special Court must have been in practice as an advocate for not less than:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Seven years\",\r\n      \"Three years\",\r\n      \"Five years\",\r\n      \"Ten years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 85(1)<\/b><br>For every Special Court, the State Government may <i>'specify a Public Prosecutor or appoint an advocate, who has been in practice as an advocate for not less than seven years, as a Special Public Prosecutor'<\/i>. Under section 85(2), the fees or remuneration are such as <i>'may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>.<br><br>Three years is the term of nominated members of the Central and State Advisory Boards under sections 61 and 67. Five years is the maximum imprisonment for atrocities under section 92. The Act does not use ten years here.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 167,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Sums payable by banks, corporations and financial institutions in pursuance of a judgment of the Supreme Court\\n2. Sums received by way of grant, gifts, donations, benefactions, bequests or transfers\\n3. Fines realised by Special Courts for offences relating to rights of persons with disabilities\\n4. Sums received from the Central Government including grants-in-aid\\nWhich of the above are to be credited to the National Fund for persons with disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 86(1)<\/b><br>The Fund is credited with <i>'all sums payable by banks, corporations, financial institutions in pursuance of judgment'<\/i> of the Supreme Court, <i>'all sums received by way of grant, gifts, donations, benefactions, bequests or transfers'<\/i> and <i>'all sums received from the Central Government including grants-in-aid'<\/i>. Funds subsumed from the 1983 Fund and the Trust Fund, and sums from other sources decided by the Central Government, are also credited.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. The Act does not direct fines imposed by Special Courts under section 84 to this Fund.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 168,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: State Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a State Fund for persons with disabilities is constituted by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State Government, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"State Government, in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government\",\r\n      \"State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities, in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government\",\r\n      \"Central Government for each State, in such manner as may be prescribed by it\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 88(1), (2)<\/b><br>The Fund is constituted <i>'by a State Government in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>, and it <i>'shall be utilised and managed in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government'<\/i>.<br><br>The Central Government constitutes and manages only the National Fund under sections 86 and 87. The State Commissioner's role under section 80(h) is limited to monitoring utilisation of funds disbursed by the State Government. He neither constitutes nor manages the Fund.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 169,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"For a first contravention of any provision of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 or the rules made under it, a person is punishable with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees\",\r\n      \"Fine which may extend to twenty-five thousand rupees\",\r\n      \"Fine which shall not be less than fifty thousand rupees\",\r\n      \"Fine which may extend to one lakh rupees\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 89<\/b><br>Any person who contravenes any of the provisions <i>'of this Act, or of any rule made thereunder shall for first contravention be punishable with fine which may extend to ten'<\/i> thousand rupees. No imprisonment is provided for a mere contravention.<br><br>Twenty-five thousand rupees is the fine per offence for failure to furnish information (Section 93). One lakh rupees is the fine ceiling for fraudulently availing benefits (Section 91). Fifty thousand rupees is the minimum fine for a subsequent contravention (Section 89).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 170,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"For a subsequent contravention of the provisions of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 or the rules made under it, the offender is punishable with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Fine not less than ten thousand rupees, which may extend to one lakh rupees\",\r\n      \"Fine not less than twenty-five thousand rupees, which may extend to five lakh rupees\",\r\n      \"Fine not less than fifty thousand rupees, which may extend to five lakh rupees\",\r\n      \"Fine not less than fifty thousand rupees, which may extend to one lakh rupees\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 89<\/b><br>For <i>'any subsequent contravention with fine which shall not be less than fifty thousand rupees but which may extend to five lakh rupees.'<\/i> The subsequent-contravention penalty is thus fine-only, with both a floor and a ceiling.<br><br>Ten thousand rupees is the ceiling for a first contravention (Section 89). One lakh rupees is the fine ceiling for fraudulently availing benefits meant for persons with benchmark disabilities (Section 91). Twenty-five thousand rupees is the fine per offence for failure to furnish information (Section 93).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 171,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding an offence committed by a company, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Every person who, at the time of the offence, was in charge of, and responsible to, the company for the conduct of its business, as well as the company, is deemed guilty of the offence.\\n2. Such a person is not liable to punishment if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent it.\\n3. A director, manager or secretary is deemed guilty only where the offence is proved to have been committed with his consent or connivance; neglect on his part is not sufficient.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 90(1) and (2)<\/b><br>Under sub-section (1), the person in charge <i>'as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence'<\/i>, but the proviso exempts him <i>'if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. Sub-section (2) also covers an offence that <i>'is attributable to any neglect on the part of any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 172,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following:\\n1. A body corporate\\n2. A firm\\n3. A department of the appropriate Government\\n4. An association of individuals\\nWhich of the above are included in the meaning of \u201ccompany\u201d for the purpose of fixing liability for offences by companies, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 90, Explanation<\/b><br><i>'\u201ccompany\u201d means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals'<\/i>, and <i>'\u201cdirector\u201d, in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.'<\/i><br><br>Item 3 is wrong. A Government department is not brought within the definition; prosecution of an employee of the appropriate Government is instead regulated by Section 94, which requires <i>'the previous sanction of the appropriate Government'<\/i> or a complaint by an officer authorised by it.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 173,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a person who fraudulently avails, or attempts to avail, any benefit meant for persons with benchmark disabilities is punishable with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Imprisonment not less than six months but up to five years, and fine\",\r\n      \"Fine not less than fifty thousand rupees, which may extend to five lakh rupees\",\r\n      \"Imprisonment up to two years, and fine not less than ten thousand rupees\",\r\n      \"Imprisonment up to two years, or fine up to one lakh rupees, or both\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 91<\/b><br>Whoever <i>'fraudulently avails or attempts to avail any benefit meant for persons with benchmark disabilities, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees or with both.'<\/i> An attempt is punished on par with actual availing, and the court may choose imprisonment, fine or both.<br><br>Six months to five years with fine is the punishment for atrocities (Section 92). The fifty thousand to five lakh range applies to a subsequent contravention (Section 89).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 174,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the punishment for intentionally insulting or intimidating a person with disability, with intent to humiliate, in any place within public view is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Imprisonment up to two years, or fine up to one lakh rupees, or both\",\r\n      \"Imprisonment not less than six months but up to five years, and fine\",\r\n      \"Imprisonment not less than six months but up to two years, or fine, or both\",\r\n      \"Imprisonment up to five years, or fine up to five lakh rupees, or both\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 92(a)<\/b><br>Offences of atrocities <i>'shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than six months but which may extend to five years and with fine.'<\/i> Both a minimum term of imprisonment and a fine are mandatory; the court has no option of fine alone.<br><br>Imprisonment up to two years, or fine up to one lakh rupees, or both is the punishment for fraudulently availing benefits meant for persons with benchmark disabilities (Section 91). Five lakh rupees is the ceiling of fine for a subsequent contravention (Section 89).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 175,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following acts:\\n1. Assaulting a person with disability with intent to dishonour him\\n2. Negligently denying food or fluids to a person with disability while having actual charge over him\\n3. Voluntarily interfering with the use of a supporting device of a person with disability\\n4. Being in a position to dominate the will of a woman with disability and using that position to exploit her sexually\\nWhich of the above are offences of atrocities punishable with a minimum of six months\u2019 imprisonment?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 92(b), (c), (d) and (e)<\/b><br>Atrocities include whoever <i>'assaults or uses force to any person with disability with intent to dishonour him'<\/i>, <i>'voluntarily injures, damages or interferes with the use of any limb or sense or any supporting device of a person with disability'<\/i>, and sexual exploitation of <i>'a child or woman with disability'<\/i> by one in a position to dominate the will.<br><br>Item 2 is wrong. Denial of food or fluids is an atrocity only where the person in charge does so <i>'voluntarily or knowingly'<\/i>; negligence is not specified.<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 176,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a medical procedure leading to termination of pregnancy of a woman with disability without her express consent does NOT amount to an atrocity where it is done in severe cases of disability with:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The opinion of a Medical Board of the appropriate Government and consent of the District Level Committee\",\r\n      \"The opinion of the certifying authority and the consent of the State Commissioner\",\r\n      \"The opinion of a registered medical practitioner and the consent of the guardian of the woman\",\r\n      \"The opinion of a registered medical practitioner and the sanction of the Executive Magistrate\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 92(f)<\/b><br>The offence is excepted <i>'in cases where medical procedure for termination of pregnancy is done in severe cases of disability and with the opinion of a registered medical practitioner and also with the consent of the guardian of the woman with disability'<\/i>. All three conditions must co-exist.<br><br>The certifying authority is designated under Section 57 to issue certificates of disability. The Executive Magistrate acts on information about abuse, violence and exploitation (Section 7). The District Level Committee is constituted by the State Government (Section 72); none of them figures in the exception.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 177,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding failure to furnish information required, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. Failure to answer any question put in pursuance of an order or direction made under the law is punishable.\\n2. The fine may extend to fifty thousand rupees in respect of each offence.\\n3. In case of continued failure, the further daily fine is reckoned after the date of the original order imposing punishment of fine.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 93<\/b><br>Whoever fails to produce documents or furnish information, or <i>'to answer any question put in pursuance of the provisions of this Act or of any order, or direction made or given thereunder'<\/i>, is punishable; the further fine runs <i>'for each day, of continued failure or refusal after the date of original order imposing punishment of fine.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 2 is wrong. The fine <i>'may extend to twenty-five thousand rupees in respect of each offence'<\/i>; fifty thousand rupees is the minimum fine for a subsequent contravention (Section 89).<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 178,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Where a person continues to fail or refuse to furnish information that he is duty bound to furnish under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, he is liable to a further fine which may extend to:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Five hundred rupees for each day\",\r\n      \"Five thousand rupees for each day\",\r\n      \"Ten thousand rupees for each day\",\r\n      \"One thousand rupees for each day\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 93<\/b><br><i>'in case of continued failure or refusal, with further fine which may extend to one thousand rupees for each day, of continued failure or refusal after the date of original order imposing punishment of fine.'<\/i> This is over and above the fine of up to twenty-five thousand rupees for each offence.<br><br>Ten thousand rupees is the ceiling of fine for a first contravention under Section 89, not a daily rate. No daily fine of five hundred or five thousand rupees is provided anywhere in the penal chapter.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 179,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (offence) with List-II (distinguishing feature of its punishment):\\nList-I\\nA. Contravention of the provisions or rules\\nB. Failure to furnish information\\nC. Offence of atrocities against a person with disability\\nD. Fraudulently availing a benefit meant for persons with benchmark disabilities\\nList-II\\n1. Further fine for each day of continued failure\\n2. A mere attempt is punishable on par with the completed act\\n3. Higher minimum fine for subsequent contravention\\n4. Mandatory minimum imprisonment together with fine\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Sections 89, 91, 92 and 93<\/b><br>Section 89 prescribes for subsequent contravention a fine that <i>'shall not be less than fifty thousand rupees'<\/i>. Section 93 adds a further fine <i>'for each day, of continued failure or refusal'<\/i>. Section 92 prescribes imprisonment <i>'which shall not be less than six months but which may extend to five years and with fine.'<\/i> Section 91 punishes whoever <i>'fraudulently avails or attempts to avail'<\/i> the benefit.<br><br>The traps swap the continuing-fine and subsequent-contravention features (A and B), or the attempt and minimum-imprisonment features (C and D).<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 180,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"No court shall take cognizance of an offence under the penal provisions of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 alleged to have been committed by an employee of the appropriate Government, except:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"With the previous sanction of the appropriate Government, or on a complaint by an officer authorised by it\",\r\n      \"With the previous sanction of the Chief Commissioner or the State Commissioner, as the case may be\",\r\n      \"On a complaint filed by the Special Public Prosecutor with the concurrence of the State Government\",\r\n      \"With the concurrence of the Chief Justice of the High Court having jurisdiction\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 94<\/b><br>Cognizance is barred <i>'except with the previous sanction of the appropriate Government or a complaint is filed by an officer authorised by it in this behalf.'<\/i><br><br>The Chief Commissioner and State Commissioners have civil court powers for inquiry (Sections 77 and 82) but grant no sanction. The concurrence of the Chief Justice of the High Court is needed when the State Government specifies a Court of Session as a Special Court (Section 84). The Special Public Prosecutor conducts cases in the Special Court (Section 85).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 181,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Offences and Penalties\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Where an act or omission is punishable under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and also under another Central or State Act, the offender found guilty is liable to punishment:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Only under such Act as provides for punishment greater in degree\",\r\n      \"Under both Acts, with the sentences running concurrently\",\r\n      \"Only under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, being the special law\",\r\n      \"Only under the Act which was enacted later in point of time\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 95<\/b><br>Notwithstanding anything in any other law, <i>'the offender found guilty of such offence shall be liable to punishment only under such Act as provides for punishment which is greater in degree.'<\/i> The offender is thus punished once, under the harsher law, and not cumulatively under both.<br><br>The special-law and later-law options reflect general rules of interpretation that the provision overrides. Section 96, by contrast, deals with the general relationship of the Act with other laws and does not govern double punishment.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 182,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Miscellaneous\",\r\n    \"question\": \"The relationship between the provisions of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and the provisions of any other law for the time being in force is that they are:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"In substitution of those provisions in so far as they relate to disability\",\r\n      \"To prevail over those provisions to the extent of any inconsistency\",\r\n      \"Subject to those provisions, and apply only where they are silent\",\r\n      \"In addition to, and not in derogation of, those provisions\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 96<\/b><br><i>'The provisions of this Act shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, the provisions of any other law for the time being in force.'<\/i><br><br>The Act has no general overriding clause. Specific non-obstante clauses appear only in particular provisions, such as Section 14 (limited guardianship) and Section 31 (free education), and in Section 95, where the offender is punished only under the Act providing greater punishment. Substitution operates only for the 1995 Act, which is repealed by Section 102.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 183,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Miscellaneous\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding amendment of the Schedule of specified disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016:\\n1. A State Government may amend the Schedule in its application to that State on the recommendation of the State Advisory Board.\\n2. The Central Government may amend the Schedule on the recommendations made by the appropriate Government or otherwise.\\n3. Every notification amending the Schedule is to be laid before each House of Parliament.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 99(1) and (2)<\/b><br><i>'On the recommendations made by the appropriate Government or otherwise, if the Central Government is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient so to do, it may, by notification, amend the Schedule'<\/i>, and every such notification is to be <i>'laid before each House of Parliament.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 1 is wrong. The power is vested only in the Central Government; a State Government can at most recommend, as an appropriate Government. The State Advisory Board (Section 66) has no role in amending the Schedule.<br><br>Hence, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 184,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Miscellaneous\",\r\n    \"question\": \"The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 repealed the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992\",\r\n      \"Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995\",\r\n      \"National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999\",\r\n      \"Mental Health Act, 1987\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Section 102(1)<\/b><br><i>'The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 is hereby repealed.'<\/i> The 1995 law is replaced by a rights-based framework aligned with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.<br><br>The Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992 and the National Trust Act, 1999 continue in force alongside the new law. The Mental Health Act, 1987 was repealed by the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017, not by the disability rights law.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 185,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Locomotor disability\\n2. Visual impairment\\n3. Hearing impairment\\n4. Speech and language disability\\nWhich of the above are classified under the head 'Physical disability' in the Schedule of specified disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1<\/b><br>Item 1, Physical disability, comprises <i>'A. Locomotor disability'<\/i>, <i>'B. Visual impairment'<\/i>, <i>'C. Hearing impairment'<\/i> and D, speech and language disability, defined as <i>'a permanent disability arising out of conditions such as laryngectomy or aphasia'<\/i>.<br><br>All four sit under one head. The other heads are intellectual disability (item 2), mental behaviour (item 3), disability caused due to chronic neurological conditions and blood disorders (item 4) and multiple disabilities (item 5). Section 34 later regroups some of these into separate reservation clauses.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2, 3 and 4.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 186,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, locomotor disability, as specified, is a person's inability to execute distinctive activities associated with movement of self and objects resulting from affliction of the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Musculoskeletal system alone\",\r\n      \"Nervous system or the blood or both\",\r\n      \"Musculoskeletal or nervous system or both\",\r\n      \"Brain, occurring before or shortly after birth\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1A<\/b><br>Locomotor disability means <i>'a person's inability to execute distinctive activities associated with movement of self and objects resulting from affliction of musculoskeletal or nervous system or both'<\/i>.<br><br>Blood conditions (haemophilia, thalassemia, sickle cell disease) form a separate head under item 4(b). Damage to brain areas <i>'usually occurring before, during or shortly after birth'<\/i> describes cerebral palsy, which is only one condition included within locomotor disability.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 187,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Acid attack victims\\n2. Dwarfism\\n3. Multiple sclerosis\\n4. Muscular dystrophy\\nWhich of the above are expressly included within 'Locomotor disability' in the Schedule?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1A<\/b><br>Locomotor disability includes <i>'leprosy cured person'<\/i>, cerebral palsy, dwarfism, muscular dystrophy and acid attack victims, meaning <i>'a person disfigured due to violent assaults by throwing of acid or similar corrosive substance'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Multiple sclerosis is placed under item 4(a), <i>'chronic neurological conditions'<\/i>, together with Parkinson's disease, not under locomotor disability.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 188,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, 'dwarfism' is a medical or genetic condition resulting in an adult height of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"4 feet 10 inches (147 centimeters) or less\",\r\n      \"4 feet 8 inches (142 centimeters) or less\",\r\n      \"4 feet 6 inches (137 centimeters) or less\",\r\n      \"5 feet (152 centimeters) or less\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1A(c)<\/b><br>Dwarfism means <i>'a medical or genetic condition resulting in an adult height of 4 feet 10 inches (147 centimeters) or less'<\/i>.<br><br>The measure is adult height, so it is a disability defined in measurable terms. Under Section 2(r), a person meeting it is a person with benchmark disability on certification, without a separate forty per cent. test. Dwarfism falls under locomotor disability and so in the reservation clause (c) of Section 34(1).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 189,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following statements regarding a 'leprosy cured person' under the Schedule:\\n1. It includes a person with loss of sensation in hands or feet as well as loss of sensation and paresis in the eye and eye-lid but with no manifest deformity.\\n2. It includes a person with manifest deformity and paresis who lacks sufficient mobility in hands and feet to engage in normal economic activity.\\n3. It includes a person with extreme physical deformity as well as advanced age which prevents gainful occupation.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1A(a)<\/b><br>The second category is a person with <i>'manifest deformity and paresis but having sufficient mobility in their hands and feet to enable them to engage in normal economic activity'<\/i>. The other two are <i>'loss of sensation in hands or feet as well as loss of sensation and paresis in the eye and eye-lid but with no manifest deformity'<\/i> and <i>'extreme physical deformity as well as advanced age'<\/i> preventing gainful occupation.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong because it inverts sufficient mobility into a lack of it.<br><br>Hence, 1 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 190,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Condition) with List-II (Defining feature in the Schedule):\\nList-I\\nA. Cerebral palsy\\nB. Muscular dystrophy\\nC. Multiple sclerosis\\nD. Haemophilia\\nList-II\\n1. Loss or impairment of the normal clotting ability of blood\\n2. Damage to the myelin sheaths around the axons of nerve cells, leading to demyelination\\n3. Non-progressive neurological condition caused by damage to specific areas of the brain\\n4. Hereditary genetic muscle disease characterised by progressive skeletal muscle weakness\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, items 1A(b), 1A(d), 4(a)(i) and 4(b)(i)<\/b><br>Cerebral palsy is <i>'a Group of non-progressive neurological condition affecting body movements and muscle coordination'<\/i>. Muscular dystrophy is <i>'a group of hereditary genetic muscle disease'<\/i> with <i>'progressive skeletal muscle weakness'<\/i>. In multiple sclerosis <i>'the myelin sheaths around the axons of nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination'<\/i>. Haemophilia involves <i>'loss or impairment of the normal clotting ability of blood'<\/i>.<br><br>The A-4\/B-3 trap swaps non-progressive (cerebral palsy) with progressive (muscular dystrophy).<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 191,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Condition) with List-II (Threshold in the Schedule):\\nList-I\\nA. Blindness: visual acuity in the better eye with best possible correction\\nB. Blindness: limitation of the field of vision\\nC. Low-vision: visual acuity in the better eye with best possible corrections\\nD. Low-vision: limitation of the field of vision\\nList-II\\n1. Subtending an angle of less than 40 degree up to 10 degree\\n2. Less than 3\/60 or less than 10\/200 (Snellen)\\n3. Subtending an angle of less than 10 degree\\n4. Not exceeding 6\/18 or less than 20\/60 up to 3\/60\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1B<\/b><br>Blindness includes <i>'visual acuity less than 3\/60 or less than 10\/200 (Snellen) in the better eye with best possible correction'<\/i> or a field of vision <i>'subtending an angle of less than 10 degree'<\/i>. Low-vision covers acuity <i>'not exceeding 6\/18 or less than 20\/60 upto 3\/60 or upto 10\/200 (Snellen)'<\/i> or a field <i>'subtending an angle of less than 40 degree up to 10 degree'<\/i>.<br><br>The traps swap the blindness and low-vision limits, which share the 3\/60 and 10 degree boundaries.<br><br>Hence, A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 192,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, for 'blindness', the visual acuity and other conditions are assessed:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"In the worse eye, before correction\",\r\n      \"In each eye separately, after best correction\",\r\n      \"In the better eye, after best correction\",\r\n      \"In both eyes together, without correction\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1B(a)<\/b><br>Blindness means a condition where a person has any of the listed conditions, <i>'after best correction'<\/i>: total absence of sight, or <i>'visual acuity less than 3\/60 or less than 10\/200 (Snellen) in the better eye with best possible correction'<\/i>, or a field of vision under 10 degree.<br><br>Low-vision under item 1B(b) uses the same reference, <i>'in the better eye with best possible corrections'<\/i>. Neither definition looks at the worse eye or at uncorrected vision.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 193,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, a person having a hearing loss of 60 DB to 70 DB in speech frequencies in both ears falls within the category of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Deaf\",\r\n      \"Speech and language disability\",\r\n      \"Low hearing\",\r\n      \"Hard of hearing\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1C<\/b><br>Hard of hearing means a <i>'person having 60 DB to 70 DB hearing loss in speech frequencies in both ears'<\/i>, whereas deaf means <i>'persons having 70 DB hearing loss in speech frequencies in both ears'<\/i>.<br><br>Both fall under hearing impairment and the same reservation clause (b) of Section 34(1). Speech and language disability under item 1D is a separate category arising from conditions like laryngectomy or aphasia. Low hearing is not a category in the Schedule.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 194,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"The Schedule cites which of the following as conditions out of which 'speech and language disability' may arise, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Laryngectomy or aphasia\",\r\n      \"Developmental aphasia or dyspraxia\",\r\n      \"Dyslexia or dysgraphia\",\r\n      \"Autism or perceptual disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 1D<\/b><br>Speech and language disability means <i>'a permanent disability arising out of conditions such as laryngectomy or aphasia affecting one or more components of speech and language due to organic or neurological causes'<\/i>.<br><br>Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyspraxia, developmental aphasia and perceptual disabilities are all listed under specific learning disabilities in item 2(a), an intellectual-disability head. Autism spectrum disorder is under item 2(b). The developmental aphasia option traps candidates who recall only the word aphasia.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 195,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, consider the following:\\n1. Dyscalculia\\n2. Dyspraxia\\n3. Developmental aphasia\\n4. Laryngectomy\\nWhich of the above are expressly mentioned as conditions included in 'specific learning disabilities'?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 2(a)<\/b><br>Specific learning disabilities involve a deficit in processing language and <i>'includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia and developmental aphasia'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 4 is wrong. Laryngectomy is cited under item 1D as a condition giving rise to speech and language disability, a physical disability. Developmental aphasia under item 2(a) must also be distinguished from the aphasia cited in item 1D, which arises from organic or neurological causes.<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 196,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, 'autism spectrum disorder' is a neuro-developmental condition typically appearing:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"In the first three years of life\",\r\n      \"In the first year of life\",\r\n      \"Before the age of eighteen years\",\r\n      \"In the first five years of life\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 2(b)<\/b><br>Autism spectrum disorder means <i>'a neuro-developmental condition typically appearing in the first three years of life that significantly affects a person's ability to communicate, understand relationships and relate to others'<\/i>.<br><br>Eighteen years is the upper age for free education of children with benchmark disabilities under Section 31(1). Five years is the age relaxation for admission to higher education under Section 32(2). Cerebral palsy, not autism, is linked to damage occurring before, during or shortly after birth.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 197,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, 'mental illness', as specified, does NOT include:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A substantial disorder of orientation\",\r\n      \"A substantial disorder of memory\",\r\n      \"A substantial disorder of mood\",\r\n      \"Retardation characterised by subnormality of intelligence\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, item 3<\/b><br>Mental illness means <i>'a substantial disorder of thinking, mood, perception, orientation or memory that grossly impairs judgment, behaviour, capacity to recognise reality or ability to meet the ordinary demands of life'<\/i>, but excludes retardation, described as a condition of arrested or incomplete development of mind <i>'specially characterised by subnormality of intelligence'<\/i>.<br><br>Disorders of orientation, memory and mood are all expressly within the definition. Limitation in intellectual functioning falls under the separate head of intellectual disability (item 2).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 198,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Condition) with List-II (Defining feature in the Schedule):\\nList-I\\nA. Thalassemia\\nB. Sickle cell disease\\nC. Parkinson's disease\\nD. Deaf blindness\\nList-II\\n1. Hemolytic disorder characterised by chronic anemia, painful events and complications from tissue and organ damage\\n2. Combination of hearing and visual impairments causing severe communication, developmental and educational problems\\n3. Reduced or absent amounts of haemoglobin\\n4. Degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain and a deficiency of dopamine\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, items 4(a)(ii), 4(b)(ii), 4(b)(iii) and 5<\/b><br>Thalassemia is <i>'a group of inherited disorders characterised by reduced or absent amounts of haemoglobin.'<\/i> Sickle cell disease is <i>'a hemolytic disorder characterised by chronic anemia, painful events'<\/i> and related complications. Parkinson's disease is <i>'associated with degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain and a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine.'<\/i> Deaf blindness is a <i>'combination of hearing and visual impairments causing severe communication, developmental, and educational problems.'<\/i><br><br>The A-1\/B-3 trap swaps the two haemoglobin-related blood disorders.<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 199,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Act: Specified Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, match List-I (Specified disability) with List-II (Head of the Schedule under which it is placed):\\nList-I\\nA. Acid attack victims\\nB. Autism spectrum disorder\\nC. Mental illness\\nD. Thalassemia\\nList-II\\n1. Mental behaviour\\n2. Disability caused due to blood disorder\\n3. Physical disability\\n4. Intellectual disability\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>The Schedule, items 1 to 4<\/b><br>Acid attack victims are within <i>'A. Locomotor disability'<\/i> under item 1, Physical disability. Autism spectrum disorder is included under item 2, <i>'Intellectual disability'<\/i>. Mental illness falls under item 3, <i>'Mental behaviour'<\/i>. Thalassemia is under item 4(b), <i>'Blood disorder'<\/i>.<br><br>The B-1\/C-4 trap reflects Section 34(1)(d), which groups autism, intellectual disability and mental illness together for reservation; the Schedule itself keeps mental illness under a separate head from intellectual disability.<br><br>Hence, A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 200,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Preliminary\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a \u201ccertificate\u201d of disability is one issued under which section of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Section 59\",\r\n      \"Section 38\",\r\n      \"Section 57\",\r\n      \"Section 100\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 2(1)(b)<\/b><br><i>'\u201ccertificate\u201d means a certificate of disability issued under section 57 of the Act'<\/i>.<br><br>Section 59 is the appeal mechanism against rejection of a certificate, invoked in Rule 18(5) as amended in 2024. Section 38 concerns high support (Rule 14A). Section 100 is the rule-making power under which these rules were made.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 201,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the head of an establishment must ensure that which provision of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 is not misused to deny any right or benefit to persons with disabilities?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Section 34\",\r\n      \"Section 3(3)\",\r\n      \"Section 7\",\r\n      \"Section 16\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 3(1)<\/b><br><i>'The head of the establishment shall ensure that the provision of sub-section (3) of section 3 of the Act are not misused to deny any right or benefit to persons with disabilities'<\/i>. Section 3(3) permits an act or omission that is <i>'a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim'<\/i>, which is why its misuse is guarded against.<br><br>Section 34 is reservation (Rules 11 and 12). Section 7 is abuse, violence and exploitation (Rule 6). Section 16 concerns education (Rule 7).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 202,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a private establishment is obliged to act on a complaint of discrimination on the ground of disability if it employs:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ten or more persons\",\r\n      \"Fifty or more persons\",\r\n      \"More than five per cent persons with disabilities\",\r\n      \"Twenty or more persons\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 3(2)<\/b><br>The duty falls on <i>'the head of the Government establishment or a private establishment employing twenty or more persons'<\/i> on receiving <i>'a complaint from an aggrieved persons regarding discrimination on the ground of disability'<\/i>.<br><br>The same twenty-employee line also governs the fuller equal opportunity policy under Rule 8(3) and (4). Ten is the number of members who can requisition a special meeting of the Central Advisory Board (Rule 22(2)). Five per cent is the variation in employment that must be explained in the return (Form I).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 203,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following regarding the action open to the head of an establishment on receiving a complaint of disability-based discrimination, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017:\\n1. Initiate action in accordance with the provisions of the Act.\\n2. Inform the aggrieved person in writing how the impugned act or omission is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.\\n3. Refer the complaint to the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities for disposal.\\nWhich of the above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 3(2) and (3)<\/b><br>The head <i>'shall - (a) initiate action in accordance with the provisions of the Act; or (b) inform the aggrieved person in writing as to how the impugned act or omission is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.'<\/i><br><br>Item 3 is wrong. Under Rule 3(3), it is <i>'the aggrieved person'<\/i> who may submit a complaint to the Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner; the head of the establishment does not refer it.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 204,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a complaint of discrimination on the ground of disability submitted by the aggrieved person to the Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner shall be disposed of within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Thirty days\",\r\n      \"Ninety days\",\r\n      \"Sixty days\",\r\n      \"Three months from receipt of notice by the opposite party\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 3(3)<\/b><br>The complaint <i>'shall be disposed of within a period of sixty days'<\/i>. The proviso adds that <i>'in exceptional cases'<\/i> it may be disposed of <i>'within thirty days'<\/i>.<br><br>Ninety days is the time for the Assessment Board's recommendation on high support (Rule 14A(8)). <i>'Three months from the date of receipt of notice by the opposite party'<\/i> is the general target for complaints decided under the procedure in Rule 38(8).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 205,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements:\\n1. The head of the establishment may reply to the aggrieved person orally, explaining the legitimate aim of the impugned act.\\n2. The proviso permits disposal of a discrimination complaint by the Chief Commissioner within thirty days in exceptional cases.\\n3. The head of a private establishment employing fifteen persons is bound to act on a complaint of disability-based discrimination in the manner prescribed.\\n4. An establishment may require a person with disability to bear part of the cost of reasonable accommodation.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 3(2), (3) and (4)<\/b><br>Statement 3 is wrong: the obligation applies to <i>'a private establishment employing twenty or more persons'<\/i>, and fifteen is below that.<br><br>Statement 2 is correct: <i>'in exceptional cases ... may dispose of such complaint within thirty days'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 4 is wrong: <i>'No establishment shall compel a person with disability to partly or fully pay the costs incurred for reasonable accommodation.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 1 is wrong: the head must <i>'inform the aggrieved person in writing'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence, 2 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 206,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chairperson of the Central Committee for Research on Disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"An eminent person with vast experience in the field of science or medicine, nominated by the Central Government\",\r\n      \"Nominee of the Director General of Health Services\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(1)(i)<\/b><br>The Chairperson is <i>'an eminent person having vast experience in the field of science or medicine, to be nominated by the Central Government, ex officio'<\/i>.<br><br>The Secretary, DEPwD chairs a different body, the governing body of the National Fund (Rule 41(1)(a)). The DGHS nominee is only a Member (Rule 4(1)(ii)), and the Chief Commissioner has no place on this Committee.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 207,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Member Secretary of the Central Committee for Research on Disability is the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Director, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Nominee of the Director General of Health Services\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(1)(v)<\/b><br><i>'the Director, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, New Delhi shall be the Member Secretary.'<\/i> The other DEPwD functionaries belong to the National Fund's governing body: the Secretary is its Chairperson (Rule 41(1)(a)), and the Joint Secretary is its <i>'Convener and Chief Executive Officer'<\/i> (Rule 41(1)(f)).<br><br>The DGHS nominee is an ordinary Member (Rule 4(1)(ii)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 208,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the nominee of the Director General of Health Services on the Central Committee for Research on Disability must not be below the rank of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Deputy Director General\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretary\",\r\n      \"Director\",\r\n      \"Additional Director General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(1)(ii)<\/b><br><i>'nominee of the Director General of Health Services not below the rank of Deputy Director General - Member'<\/i>. <i>'Joint Secretary'<\/i> is the minimum rank of the two Ministry or Department representatives on the National Fund's governing body (Rule 41(1)(d)). <i>'Director'<\/i> is the rank of the Committee's own Member Secretary (Rule 4(1)(v)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 209,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the total number of members, including the Chairperson and the Member Secretary, of the Central Committee for Research on Disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Eleven\",\r\n      \"Ten\",\r\n      \"Thirteen\",\r\n      \"Twelve\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(1)(i) to (v)<\/b><br>The Chairperson (1), the DGHS nominee (1), <i>'four persons drawn from National Institutes'<\/i> (4), <i>'five persons as representatives of the registered organisations'<\/i> (5) and the Director, DEPwD as Member Secretary (1) make twelve.<br><br>Special invitees under Rule 4(2) are not members. Eleven is the count if the Member Secretary is wrongly left out, and thirteen if a special invitee is wrongly added.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 210,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding the representatives of registered organisations on the Central Committee for Research on Disability:\\n1. There are five such representatives, one from each of the five groups of specified disabilities in the Schedule to the Act.\\n2. They are nominated by the Central Government.\\n3. At least two of them must be women.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(1)(iv) and proviso<\/b><br><i>'five persons as representatives of the registered organisations, from each of the five groups of specified disabilities in the Schedule to the Act, to be nominated by the Central Government - Members: Provided that at least one representative of the registered organizations is a woman'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. <i>'Two shall be women'<\/i> is the rule for the five disability experts on the Chief Commissioner's Advisory Committee (Rule 39(1)(a)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 211,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the quorum for a meeting of the Central Committee for Research on Disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"One-third of the total members\",\r\n      \"One half of the members\",\r\n      \"Two-thirds of the members\",\r\n      \"No quorum, if the meeting is an adjourned one\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(4)<\/b><br><i>'One half of the members shall constitute the quorum for the meeting.'<\/i><br><br>The other options come from the rules on the Central Advisory Board. There <i>'One-third of the total members'<\/i> form the quorum (Rule 24(1)), and <i>'No quorum shall be necessary for the adjourned meeting'<\/i> (Rule 24(3)). Neither applies to the Research Committee.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 212,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (member of the Central Committee for Research on Disability) with List-II (number):\\nList-I\\nA. Chairperson\\nB. Persons drawn from National Institutes\\nC. Representatives of registered organisations\\nD. Nominee of the Director General of Health Services\\nList-II\\n1. Five\\n2. Four\\n3. One, nominated by the Central Government\\n4. One, not below the rank of Deputy Director General\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 4(1)(i) to (iv)<\/b><br>The Chairperson is <i>'to be nominated by the Central Government'<\/i>. There are <i>'four persons drawn from National Institutes'<\/i> and <i>'five persons as representatives of the registered organisations'<\/i>. The health member is the <i>'nominee of the Director General of Health Services not below the rank of Deputy Director General'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4.<br><br>The trap codes swap four and five between the National Institutes and the registered organisations.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 213,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a person with disability may be a subject of research only when the research:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Involves physical impact on his body\",\r\n      \"Does not involve any physical impact on his body\",\r\n      \"Is conducted by a National Institute for the specified disability\",\r\n      \"Is recommended by the Assessment Board constituted by the State Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 5<\/b><br><i>'No person with disability shall be a subject of research except when the research involves physical impact on his body.'<\/i><br><br>The reversed option is the trap. National Institutes figure only as the source of four members of the Research Committee (Rule 4(1)(iii)). The Assessment Board deals with high support requirements (Rule 14A(3)), not research.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 214,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Rights and Entitlements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (matter) with List-II (authority):\\nList-I\\nA. First action on a complaint of disability-based discrimination in a private establishment employing twenty or more persons\\nB. Disposal of the aggrieved person's discrimination complaint within sixty days\\nC. Complaints under section 7 of the Act\\nD. Inviting an expert as a special invitee to the Research Committee\\nList-II\\n1. Executive Magistrate\\n2. Chairperson of the Central Committee for Research on Disability\\n3. Head of the establishment\\n4. Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rules 3(2), 3(3), 6 and 4(2)<\/b><br><i>'the head of the Government establishment or a private establishment employing twenty or more persons'<\/i> acts first on the complaint. A complaint <i>'to the Chief Commissioner or State Commissioner'<\/i> is disposed of <i>'within a period of sixty days'<\/i>. <i>'the Executive Magistrate'<\/i> deals with <i>'complaints under section 7 of the Act'<\/i>. <i>'The Chairperson may invite any expert as a special invitee.'<\/i><br><br>Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 215,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Nodal Officer in the District Education Office\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, matters relating to admission of children with disabilities and the facilities to be provided to them in schools are dealt with at the district level by a:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Grievance Redressal Officer of the Government establishment\",\r\n      \"Liaison officer appointed by the establishment\",\r\n      \"District Social Welfare Officer\",\r\n      \"Nodal officer in the District Education Office\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 7<\/b><br><i>'There shall be a nodal officer in the District Education Office to deal with all matters relating to admission of children with disabilities and the facilities to be provided to them in schools'<\/i>.<br><br>The distractors are other functionaries in the same rules. The Grievance Redressal Officer keeps the register of complaints in a Government establishment (Rule 10). The liaison officer looks after recruitment of persons with disabilities under the equal opportunity policy (Rule 8(3)(e)). The District Social Welfare Officer is a Member of the Assessment Board for high support (Rule 14A(3)(b)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 216,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Nodal Officer in the District Education Office\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the nodal officer in the District Education Office deals with admission of children with disabilities and facilities in schools in accordance with which sections of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Sections 16 and 34\",\r\n      \"Sections 31 and 38\",\r\n      \"Sections 16 and 31\",\r\n      \"Sections 7 and 16\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 7<\/b><br>The nodal officer deals with these matters <i>'in accordance with the provisions of sections 16 and 31 of the Act'<\/i>.<br><br>Section 16 sets the duty of educational institutions, and section 31 concerns free education for children with benchmark disabilities. Section 34 is reservation in Government employment (Rules 11 and 12). Section 38 concerns high support (Rule 14A). Section 7 is abuse, violence and exploitation (Rule 6).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 217,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Nodal Officer in the District Education Office\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements:\\n1. The nodal officer for children with disabilities is located in the District Education Office.\\n2. The nodal officer deals with admission of children with disabilities as well as the facilities to be provided to them in schools.\\n3. A nodal officer is to be appointed in every Government school for this purpose.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 7<\/b><br><i>'There shall be a nodal officer in the District Education Office to deal with all matters relating to admission of children with disabilities and the facilities to be provided to them in schools'<\/i>.<br><br>Statements 1 and 2 restate the rule.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong: the nodal officer is a district-level functionary in the District Education Office, not an appointment in each school.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 218,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding the equal opportunity policy of a private establishment having twenty or more employees, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017:\\n1. It shall provide for post-recruitment and pre-promotion training of persons with disabilities.\\n2. It shall provide for preference in transfer and posting and special leave.\\n3. It shall provide for assistive devices and barrier-free accessibility.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 8(3)(c) and (d)<\/b><br>The policy of <i>'a private establishment having twenty or more employees and the Government establishments'<\/i> shall contain <i>'the manner of selection of persons with disabilities for various posts, post-recruitment and pre-promotion training, preference in transfer and posting, special leave, preference in allotment of residential accommodation if any, and other facilities'<\/i> and <i>'provisions for assistive devices, barrier-free accessibility and other provisions'<\/i>.<br><br>All three statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 219,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the liaison officer appointed under the equal opportunity policy of an establishment is meant to look after:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Maintenance of the register of complaints of persons with disabilities\",\r\n      \"Admission of children with disabilities in schools\",\r\n      \"Disposal of appeals against decisions of the Grievance Redressal Officer\",\r\n      \"Recruitment of persons with disabilities and provision of facilities and amenities for such employees\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 8(3)(e)<\/b><br>The policy provides for <i>'appointment of liaison officer by the establishment to look after the recruitment of persons with disabilities and provisions of facilities and amenities for such employees'<\/i>.<br><br>The register of complaints is kept by the Grievance Redressal Officer (Rule 10(2)). School admission is handled by the nodal officer in the District Education Office (Rule 7). Appeals are disposed of by the district level committee (Rule 10(2)(i)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 220,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Grievance Redressal Officer of a Government establishment is ordinarily an officer not below the rank of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Gazetted Officer\",\r\n      \"Group \u201cA\u201d officer\",\r\n      \"Deputy Secretary\",\r\n      \"Head of Office\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 10(1)<\/b><br><i>'Every Government establishment shall appoint an officer not below the rank of a Gazetted Officer as Grievance Redressal Officer'<\/i>.<br><br>The floor is a Gazetted Officer, not a Group \u201cA\u201d officer; Group \u201cA\u201d appears in the rules only as a rate for TA\/DA (Rules 4(5) and 21(2)) and as an experience criterion for the Chief Commissioner (Rule 30(b)). Neither Deputy Secretary nor Head of Office rank is prescribed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 221,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding the Grievance Redressal Officer, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017:\\n1. Every Government establishment shall appoint a Grievance Redressal Officer.\\n2. Every private establishment employing twenty or more persons shall appoint a Grievance Redressal Officer.\\n3. The Grievance Redressal Officer shall maintain a register of complaints of persons with disabilities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 10(1) and (2)<\/b><br><i>'Every Government establishment shall appoint an officer not below the rank of a Gazetted Officer as Grievance Redressal Officer'<\/i>, and <i>'The Grievance Redressal Officer shall maintain a register of complaints of persons with disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 2 is wrong: Rule 10 is limited to Government establishments, as its heading (<i>'register of complaints by the Government establishments'<\/i>) shows. The twenty-employee threshold belongs to Rules 3(2) and 8(3), not to Rule 10.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 222,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Employment\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (functionary) with List-II (role):\\nList-I\\nA. Liaison officer\\nB. Grievance Redressal Officer\\nC. District level committee\\nD. Nodal officer in the District Education Office\\nList-II\\n1. Disposal of appeals on complaints of persons with disabilities\\n2. Admission of children with disabilities and facilities in schools\\n3. Recruitment of persons with disabilities and facilities for such employees\\n4. Maintenance of register of complaints of persons with disabilities\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rules 8(3)(e), 10(2) and 7<\/b><br>The liaison officer is <i>'to look after the recruitment of persons with disabilities and provisions of facilities and amenities for such employees'<\/i>. The Grievance Redressal Officer <i>'shall maintain a register of complaints'<\/i>. The register records <i>'details of disposal of the appeal by the district level committee'<\/i>. The nodal officer deals with <i>'admission of children with disabilities and the facilities to be provided to them in schools'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 223,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, for the purpose of computation of vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities, the appropriate Government takes into account:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Four per cent of the vacancies arising in identified posts only, in the cadre strength in each group of posts\",\r\n      \"Four per cent of the total number of vacancies, including those in identified and non-identified posts, in the cadre strength in each group of posts\",\r\n      \"Four per cent of the total cadre strength of the establishment, irrespective of vacancies\",\r\n      \"Four per cent of the vacancies in identified posts, computed separately for direct recruitment and promotion\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 11(1)<\/b><br><i>'four percent of the total number of vacancies including vacancies arising in the identified and non-identified posts in the cadre strength in each group of posts shall be taken into account by the appropriate Government for the persons with benchmark disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>The base is vacancies, not cadre strength, and it includes non-identified posts. The <i>'identified posts only'<\/i> option is the main trap. Promotion is not computed on the same basis; it follows Government instructions (proviso).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 224,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, reservation in promotion for persons with benchmark disabilities shall be:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"At four per cent of vacancies, computed in the same manner as direct recruitment\",\r\n      \"In accordance with the directions of the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"In accordance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Government from time to time\",\r\n      \"Only in identified posts, through the equal opportunity policy of the establishment\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 11(1), proviso<\/b><br><i>'Provided that the reservation in promotion shall be in accordance with the instructions issued by the appropriate Government from time to time.'<\/i><br><br>The rule does not apply the four per cent computation automatically to promotion. The Chief Commissioner has no role in prescribing it. The equal opportunity policy covers <i>'pre-promotion training'<\/i> (Rule 8(3)(c)) but not reservation in promotion.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 225,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, for the purpose of calculating vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities in the cadre strength, every Government establishment maintains a:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Post based roster\",\r\n      \"Vacancy based roster\",\r\n      \"Register in Form III\",\r\n      \"Register of complaints\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 11(2)<\/b><br><i>'Every Government establishment shall maintain a vacancy based roster for the purpose of calculation of vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities in the cadre strength as per the instructions issued by the appropriate Government'<\/i>.<br><br>A post based roster is the trap. Form III is the record of employees with disabilities (Rule 14), and the register of complaints is kept by the Grievance Redressal Officer (Rule 10(2)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 226,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding reservation for persons with benchmark disabilities:\\n1. The reservation is horizontal.\\n2. Vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities are maintained as a separate class.\\n3. While advertising vacancies, a Government establishment need indicate only the total number of vacancies reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 11(3) and (4)<\/b><br><i>'The reservation for persons with disabilities in accordance with the provisions of section 34 of the Act shall be horizontal and the vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities shall be maintained as a separate class.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong: the advertisement <i>'shall indicate the number of vacancies reserved for each class of persons with benchmark disabilities'<\/i>, not just a single total.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 227,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a Government establishment may interchange vacancies reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities only if:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities approves the interchange\",\r\n      \"The vacancies have been notified to the local special employment exchange\",\r\n      \"The liaison officer certifies non-availability of suitable candidates\",\r\n      \"Due process of recruitment to fill up the reserved vacancies has been complied with\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 12<\/b><br><i>'The Government establishment shall interchange vacancies in accordance with the provisions of section 34 of the Act, only if due process of recruitment to fill up the vacancies reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities has been complied with.'<\/i><br><br>The only condition is completion of due process of recruitment. No approval of the Chief Commissioner or certificate of the liaison officer is required. Notifying the employment exchange is part of the return in Form I (Rule 13), not a condition for interchange.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 228,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (form) with List-II (purpose):\\nList-I\\nA. Form I\\nB. Form II\\nC. Form III\\nD. Form IV\\nList-II\\n1. Record of employees with disabilities maintained by a Government establishment\\n2. Application for certificate of disability\\n3. Six-monthly return to the special employment exchange\\n4. Occupational return once in two years\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rules 13(1), 14 and 17(1)<\/b><br>Returns go to the local special employment exchange <i>'in Form - I once in every six months'<\/i> and <i>'in Form -II once in every two years'<\/i>. <i>'Every Government establishment shall maintain the record of employees with disabilities in Form - III'<\/i> (Rule 14). A person with specified disability <i>'may apply in Form -IV for a certificate of disability'<\/i> (Rule 17(1)).<br><br>Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.<br><br>The trap codes swap the six-monthly and two-yearly returns.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 229,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the authority to whom a person with benchmark disability can apply for high support requirement is notified by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Central Government\",\r\n      \"State Government or Union Territory Administration\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(1)<\/b><br><i>'The State Governments or Union Territory Administrations shall notify the authority to whom a person with benchmark disability can apply for the high support requirement as per sub-section (1) of Section 38 of the Act.'<\/i><br><br>The States\/UTs also constitute the Assessment Boards (Rule 14A(3)) and may frame dedicated schemes (Rule 14A(9)). The Central Government, the Chief Commissioner and the Department have no role in notifying the authority.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 230,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, which of the following persons is eligible to apply for high support requirement?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A person with benchmark disability having a certificate indicating its period of validity\",\r\n      \"Any person with disability, whether or not a benchmark disability\",\r\n      \"Only a person with disability of eighty per cent or above\",\r\n      \"A person with benchmark disability having a permanent certificate of disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(2)<\/b><br><i>'Only the persons with benchmark disabilities having permanent certificate of disability shall be eligible for applying for high support requirement.'<\/i><br><br>A certificate with a period of validity, issued where the disability may vary over time (Rule 18), does not qualify. No eighty per cent floor is laid down: that figure marks the Blue Band UDID card (Rule 18(1)(c)) and the top severity band in Rule 14A(6), and the recommendation test is a score of sixty out of a hundred (Rule 14A(7)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 231,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Assessment Board for high support requirement is constituted by the State Government at the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"State level, with district-level sub-boards\",\r\n      \"District level only\",\r\n      \"District level or Division level, based on the number of persons with benchmark disabilities\",\r\n      \"Block level, based on the number of applications received\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(3)<\/b><br><i>'The State Governments shall constitute Assessment Board at the District level or Division level based on the number of persons with benchmark disabilities'<\/i>.<br><br>The choice between district and division depends on the number of persons with benchmark disabilities. The rule provides for no State-level or block-level board.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 232,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chairperson of the Assessment Board for high support requirement is the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"District Chief Medical Officer or Civil Surgeon or Medical Superintendent\",\r\n      \"District Social Welfare Officer\",\r\n      \"District Magistrate\",\r\n      \"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation specialist\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(3)(a) and (b)<\/b><br><i>'(a) District Chief Medical Officer or Civil Surgeon or Medical Superintendent ... Chairperson; (b) District Social Welfare Officer ... Member'<\/i>.<br><br>The District Social Welfare Officer is only a Member. The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (or Orthopaedic) specialist is one of the five rehabilitation specialists under clause (c). The District Magistrate has no place on the Board.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 233,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following:\\n1. Ophthalmologist\\n2. ENT specialist\\n3. Psychiatrist\\n4. Neurologist\\nWhich of the above are among the five rehabilitation specialists on the Assessment Board for high support requirement?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(3)(c)<\/b><br>The five rehabilitation specialists are <i>'Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation or Orthopaedic specialist, ENT specialist, Ophthalmologist, General Physician (if the applicant is 18 years or above) or Pediatrician (if the applicant is less than 18 years), Psychiatrist'<\/i>.<br><br>The ENT specialist, Ophthalmologist and Psychiatrist are listed. A Neurologist is not, though the Chairperson may add <i>'Any other expert'<\/i> under clause (e).<br><br>Hence, 1, 2 and 3 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 234,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding assessment for high support requirement:\\n1. The notified authority shall refer every case to the Assessment Board.\\n2. The Assessment Board shall invite the applicant for assessment and may, if necessary, seek clinical assessment.\\n3. The Assessment Board shall decide the application and sanction high support.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(4), (5), (8) and (10)<\/b><br><i>'The authority notified under sub-rule (1) shall refer every case to the Assessment Board'<\/i>, and <i>'The Assessment Board shall invite the applicant ... and may, if necessary, seek clinical assessment.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong. The Board only submits <i>'recommendations'<\/i> (sub-rule (8)). The notified authority <i>'shall consider the application ... on the basis of the recommendations of the Assessment Board keeping in view the schemes or programmes'<\/i> of the State\/UT (sub-rule (10)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 235,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Assessment Board is required to submit its recommendations on high support requirement to the notified authority within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"90 days from the date of the application by the person with benchmark disability\",\r\n      \"60 days from the date of receiving the request for assessment from the authority\",\r\n      \"90 days from the date of receiving the request for assessment from the authority\",\r\n      \"One month from the date of assessment of the applicant\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(8)<\/b><br><i>'The Assessment Board shall submit its recommendations to the authority notified under sub-rule (1) within a period of 90 days from the date of receiving request for assessment from the said authority.'<\/i><br><br>The clock runs from the authority's reference, not from the person's application. Sixty days is the time for disposing of a discrimination complaint (Rule 3(3)). One month is the period for conveying rejection of a disability certificate (Rule 18(5)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 236,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a person with benchmark disability may be recommended by the Assessment Board for high support needs on securing a score of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"40 out of 100\",\r\n      \"50 out of 100\",\r\n      \"80 out of 100\",\r\n      \"60 out of 100\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(7)<\/b><br><i>'Any person with benchmark disability with a score 60 out of 100 point mentioned in sub-rule (6) may be recommended by the Assessment Board for high support needs.'<\/i><br><br>Forty and eighty per cent are disability-percentage thresholds used elsewhere: the start of the lowest severity band (Rule 14A(6)) and the Blue Band UDID card (Rule 18(1)). They are not score thresholds.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 237,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, in the assessment for high support requirement, the parameter carrying the highest maximum weightage is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Severity of physical disability\",\r\n      \"The extent to which daily activities are hampered\",\r\n      \"Severity of mental or developmental disability\",\r\n      \"Cognitive abilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(6)<\/b><br>The six parameters carry maximum weightages of: (a) severity of physical disability 25; (b) severity of mental\/developmental disability 25; (c) <i>'The extent to which daily activities in a person is hampered'<\/i> 35; (d) cognitive abilities 5; (e) environmental barriers 5; and (f) socio-economic status 5, for a total of 100.<br><br>Daily activities, at 35, carries the most.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 238,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (item assessed for high support requirement) with List-II (maximum weightage):\\nList-I\\nA. Extent to which daily activities are hampered\\nB. Severity of physical disability\\nC. Toilet hygiene\\nD. Self-feeding (not including cooking)\\nList-II\\n1. 10\\n2. 25\\n3. 5\\n4. 35\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(6)<\/b><br>Daily activities carry a maximum weightage of 35, split as bathing\/brushing\/combing\/dressing 10, <i>'Toilet hygiene'<\/i> 10, <i>'Functional mobility'<\/i> 10 and <i>'Self-feeding (not including cooking)'<\/i> 5.<br><br>Severity of physical disability carries a maximum of 25.<br><br>Hence A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3. Self-feeding is the only daily-activity item weighted at 5, not 10.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 239,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, in the assessment for high support requirement, an applicant with a physical disability of 65 per cent is assigned, for severity of physical disability, a weightage of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"15\",\r\n      \"25\",\r\n      \"10\",\r\n      \"20\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(6)(a)<\/b><br>Severity of physical disability (maximum 25) is graded <i>'40% - 59%'<\/i> at 15, <i>'60% - 79%'<\/i> at 20, and <i>'80% - 100%'<\/i> at 25.<br><br>Sixty-five per cent falls in the 60\u201379 per cent band and earns 20. The same three bands and weights apply to severity of mental or developmental disability under clause (b).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 240,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: High Support Requirements\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the application for high support requirement is finally considered by the notified authority on the basis of the recommendations of the Assessment Board, keeping in view:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The guidelines of the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"The availability of the National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"The schemes or programmes of the respective State Government or Union Territory Administration\",\r\n      \"The equal opportunity policy of the establishment employing the applicant\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 14A(9) and (10)<\/b><br>The States\/UTs <i>'may develop dedicated schemes to provide high support'<\/i>, and the notified authority <i>'shall consider the application ... on the basis of the recommendations of the Assessment Board keeping in view the schemes or programmes of the respective State Governments or Union Territory Administrations'<\/i>.<br><br>The National Fund (Rules 41\u201342), the Chief Commissioner and the equal opportunity policy (Rule 8) have no role in this decision.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 241,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following:\\n1. Physical environment\\n2. Transport\\n3. Information and communication technology\\nThe accessibility standards with which every establishment is required to comply relate to which of the above?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)<\/b><br><i>'Every establishment shall comply with the following standards relating to physical environment, transport and information and communication technology'<\/i>.<br><br>Each area is then specified: public buildings (clause (a)), the Bus Body Code for transport (clause (b)), and ICT standards for websites, documents and products (clause (c)). All three are covered.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 242,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the accessibility standard for public buildings is that specified in the Harmonised Guidelines and Standards for Universal Accessibility in India \u2013 2021, notified by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs\",\r\n      \"Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Bureau of Indian Standards\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(a)<\/b><br>The standard for public buildings is that <i>'specified in the Harmonised Guidelines and Standards for Universal Accessibility in India \u2013 2021, notified by the Government of India in the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs'<\/i>.<br><br>It replaced the 2016 Harmonised Guidelines of the then Ministry of Urban Development. The Bureau of Indian Standards publishes the ICT standards (clause (c)(iii)), not the building guidelines.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 243,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the accessibility standard for transportation systems is the Bus Body Code specified by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ministry of Road Transport and Highways\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Railways\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Heavy Industries\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(b)<\/b><br><i>'standard for Bus Body Code for transportation system as specified in the notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways'<\/i>.<br><br>The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs notified the building standard under clause (a). The Ministry of Railways' guidelines on railway stations are a separate sector-specific standard under clause (\u2113).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 244,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the website accessibility standard to be complied with by establishments is that specified in the guidelines for Indian Government websites, as adopted by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology\",\r\n      \"Bureau of Indian Standards\",\r\n      \"Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(c)(i)<\/b><br><i>'website standard as specified in the guidelines for Indian Government websites, as adopted by Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, Government of India'<\/i>.<br><br>The Bureau of Indian Standards is the source of IS 17802 under clause (c)(iii), which covers websites, apps and ICT products generally. The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities is not named as the adopting authority.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 245,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, documents to be placed on websites are required to be in:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Scanned image-based PDF or ePUB format\",\r\n      \"Microsoft Word or OCR based PDF format\",\r\n      \"Electronic Publication (ePUB) or Optical Character Reader (OCR) based PDF format\",\r\n      \"HTML format only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(c)(ii)<\/b><br><i>'documents to be placed on websites shall be in Electronic Publication (ePUB) or Optical Character Reader (OCR) based Pdf format'<\/i>.<br><br>The point is machine-readability for screen readers. A scanned image PDF without OCR is the trap, because it cannot be read by assistive technology. Word and HTML-only formats are not prescribed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 246,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, websites, apps, ICT-based public facilities and ICT consumer products are required to comply with Indian Standards on accessibility published by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances\",\r\n      \"Bureau of Indian Standards\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology\",\r\n      \"Telecom Regulatory Authority of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(c)(iii)<\/b><br>Such products and services <i>'shall comply with the Indian standards IS 17802 (Part 1), 2021 and IS 17802 (Part 2), 2022, published by the Bureau of Indian Standards'<\/i>.<br><br>DARPG is the source of the separate guidelines for Indian Government websites under clause (c)(i). This is the commonly confused pair.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 247,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (Ministry or Department) with List-II (sector-specific accessibility standard):\\nList-I\\nA. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation\\nB. Department of Sports\\nC. Department of Higher Education\\nD. Department of Financial Services\\nList-II\\n1. Higher education institutions and universities\\n2. Banking and insurance sectors\\n3. Piped water supply and community toilets in rural areas\\n4. Sports complexes and residential facilities for sportspersons with disabilities\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(e), (i), (j), (o), (p) and (q)<\/b><br>The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation notified guidelines on <i>'Accessible and Inclusive Piped Water Supply'<\/i> and <i>'community toilets in Rural Areas'<\/i>. The Department of Sports notified guidelines <i>'on accessible sports complex and residential facilities for sports persons with disabilities'<\/i>. The Department of Higher Education covers <i>'Higher Education Institutions and Universities'<\/i>. The Department of Financial Services covers the <i>'Banking Sector'<\/i> and the <i>'Insurance Sector'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 248,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Accessibility Code for Educational Institutions incorporated in the accessibility standards was notified by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Department of Higher Education\",\r\n      \"University Grants Commission\",\r\n      \"National Council of Educational Research and Training\",\r\n      \"Department of School Education and Literacy\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(1)(n) and (o)<\/b><br>Clause (n) is the <i>'Accessibility Code for Educational Institutions as specified, in the notification of the Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education'<\/i>. The Department of Higher Education notified a separate standard under clause (o), the <i>'Accessibility Guidelines and Standards for Higher Education Institutions and Universities'<\/i>.<br><br>The UGC and NCERT are not named as notifying authorities.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 249,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Accessibility\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, compliance with the standards of accessibility is ensured by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities, through the State Commissioners\",\r\n      \"Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities alone\",\r\n      \"Respective Ministries and Departments, through the concerned domain regulators or otherwise\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board on Disability\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 15(2)<\/b><br><i>'The respective Ministries and Departments shall ensure compliance of the standards of accessibility specified under this rule through the concerned domain regulators or otherwise.'<\/i><br><br>Enforcement is sectoral, through each Ministry's regulators, for example in aviation, banking and insurance. It is not centralised in the Chief Commissioner, the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities or the Central Advisory Board.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 250,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding an application for disability certificate and UDID card:\\n1. It is made in Form IV through the UDID Portal.\\n2. It may be submitted to the medical authority in the district of residence of the applicant as mentioned in the proof of residence.\\n3. It may be submitted to the medical authority in a hospital where the applicant is undergoing or has undergone treatment in connection with his disability.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 17(1)<\/b><br><i>'Any person with specified disability may apply in Form -IV for a disability certificate\/ Unique Disability Identity (UDID) Card and submit the application through UDID Portal to: (a) a medical authority or any other notified competent medical authority ... in the district of residence of the applicant as mentioned in the proof of residence ...; or (b) the concerned medical authority in a hospital where he may be undergoing or may have undergone treatment in connection with his disability'<\/i>.<br><br>All three statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 251,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, where a person with disability is a minor and unable to apply for a disability certificate himself, the application on his behalf may be made by:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"His legal guardian or any organisation registered under the Act having the minor under its care\",\r\n      \"His legal guardian only\",\r\n      \"The nodal officer in the District Education Office\",\r\n      \"The head of the school in which the minor is enrolled\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 17(1), proviso<\/b><br><i>'where a person with disability is a minor or suffering from intellectual disability or any other Disability which renders him unfit or unable to make such an application himself, the application on his behalf may be made by his legal guardian or by any organisation registered under the Act having the minor under its care.'<\/i> <i>'Legal guardian only'<\/i> is the trap, because the registered organisation is equally competent.<br><br>The nodal officer in the District Education Office deals with school admission (Rule 7), not certificates.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 252,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following:\\n1. A recent photograph not older than six months\\n2. Income certificate\\n3. Proof of identity\\n4. Proof of residence\\nWhich of the above are required to accompany an application for disability certificate and UDID card?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 17(2)<\/b><br>The application <i>'shall be accompanied by - (a) proof of identity; (b) a recent photograph not older than six months; (c) proof of residence; (d) aadhaar number or aadhaar enrolment number.'<\/i><br><br>Items 1, 3 and 4 are listed. An income certificate is not required. Income (APL or BPL status) is relevant only to scoring for high support requirement (Rule 14A(6)(f)).<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 253,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a Yellow Band UDID card is issued when the disability percentage of a person with disability is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Forty per cent or above but below eighty per cent\",\r\n      \"Below forty per cent\",\r\n      \"Eighty per cent or above\",\r\n      \"Sixty per cent or above but below eighty per cent\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 18(1)(b)<\/b><br><i>'Yellow Band Card: When the disability percentage of a Person with Disability is forty percent or above but below eighty percent.'<\/i><br><br>A White Band card is issued below forty per cent (clause (a)) and a Blue Band card at eighty per cent or above (clause (c)). The 60\u201379 per cent range is a severity band for scoring high support (Rule 14A(6)), not a UDID colour band.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 254,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a person with disability assessed at exactly eighty per cent disability is issued a:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Yellow Band UDID card\",\r\n      \"White Band UDID card\",\r\n      \"Blue Band UDID card\",\r\n      \"Yellow Band UDID card, with a note of high support needs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 18(1)(b) and (c)<\/b><br>The Yellow Band covers <i>'forty percent or above but below eighty percent'<\/i>, and the <i>'Blue Band Card'<\/i> applies <i>'When the disability percentage of a Person with Disability is eighty percent or above.'<\/i><br><br>Exactly eighty per cent therefore falls in the Blue Band. The UDID card carries no high-support endorsement; high support is assessed separately on a hundred-point scale (Rule 14A).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 255,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"With reference to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (document) with List-II (when issued):\\nList-I\\nA. White Band UDID card\\nB. Yellow Band UDID card\\nC. Blue Band UDID card\\nD. Form VIII\\nList-II\\n1. Disability of eighty per cent or above\\n2. Applicant found ineligible for the certificate\\n3. Disability below forty per cent\\n4. Disability of forty per cent or above but below eighty per cent\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 18(1) and (5)<\/b><br><i>'White Band Card: When the disability percentage ... is below forty percent'<\/i>; <i>'Yellow Band Card: ... forty percent or above but below eighty percent'<\/i>; <i>'Blue Band Card: ... eighty percent or above'<\/i>. If an applicant is found ineligible, the medical authority <i>'shall convey the reasons to him in Form-VIII'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 256,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, where any disability is diagnosed, the medical authority shall issue the disability certificate and UDID card within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"One month\",\r\n      \"Sixty days\",\r\n      \"Six months\",\r\n      \"Three months\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 18(2)<\/b><br><i>'The medical authority shall issue the Disability certificate and UDID card within three months, in case any disability is diagnosed.'<\/i><br><br>One month is a different period: the time for conveying reasons for rejection in Form VIII from the date of rejection (Rule 18(5)). Six months is the maximum age of the applicant's photograph (Rule 17(2)(b)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 257,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding the validity of a disability certificate and UDID card, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017:\\n1. A permanent certificate is issued where there are no chances of improvement over time in the degree of disability.\\n2. A certificate indicating the period of validity is issued where there is any chance of improvement over time in the degree of disability.\\n3. A certificate indicating the period of validity is issued in every case where the disability is below forty per cent.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 18(4)<\/b><br>The medical authority shall <i>'(i) issue a permanent Disability certificate\/UDID card in cases where there are no chances of improvement over time in the degree of disability; or (ii) issue a certificate ... indicating the period of validity, in cases where there is any chance of improvement'<\/i>.<br><br>Statement 3 is wrong: validity depends on the prospect of improvement, not on the percentage. The percentage decides only the colour band (Rule 18(1)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 258,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, an applicant aggrieved by the rejection of his application for disability certificate may file an appeal within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Thirty days of such rejection\",\r\n      \"Ninety days of such rejection\",\r\n      \"Sixty days of such rejection\",\r\n      \"One year of such rejection\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 18(5)<\/b><br>The reasons for rejection are conveyed <i>'in Form-VIII through online platform within a period of one month from the date of such rejection. The aggrieved applicant may file appeal within ninety days of such rejection, using the mechanism prescribed under Section-59 (1)'<\/i> of the Act.<br><br>One month is the medical authority's time to convey the reasons, not the appeal period. Both periods run from the date of rejection.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 259,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a person holding a disability certificate is entitled to apply for facilities, concessions and benefits admissible under schemes of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The Government and of non-governmental organisations funded by the Government\",\r\n      \"The Government only\",\r\n      \"The Government and of all private establishments employing twenty or more persons\",\r\n      \"The State Government in whose territory the certificate was issued\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 19<\/b><br>The holder <i>'shall be entitled to apply for facilities, concessions and benefits admissible for persons with disabilities under schemes of the Government and of non-Governmental organizations funded by the Government.'<\/i> The certificate is <i>'generally valid for all purposes'<\/i> and is not limited to the issuing State.<br><br>The twenty-employee threshold relates to equal opportunity policies and records (Rules 8 and 9), not to recognition of certificates.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 260,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Certificate of Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a certificate of disability issued under the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ceased to be valid on the commencement of the 2016 Act\",\r\n      \"Remains valid only until a UDID card is issued\",\r\n      \"Continues to be valid for the period specified in it\",\r\n      \"Is valid permanently, irrespective of the period specified in it\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 20<\/b><br><i>'The certificate of disability issued under the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 (1 of 1996) shall continue to be valid after commencement of the Act for the period specified therein.'<\/i><br><br>Validity is neither cut short by the 2016 Act nor extended beyond the period written on the certificate. The rule does not make it lapse on issue of a UDID card.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 261,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Central Advisory Board on Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a non-official member of the Central Advisory Board on Disability residing in Delhi is paid, for each day of the actual meeting:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Travelling and daily allowance at the rate admissible to a Group \u201cA\u201d officer\",\r\n      \"An allowance of rupees one thousand per day\",\r\n      \"An allowance of rupees two thousand per day\",\r\n      \"Travelling and daily allowance at the rate admissible to a Member of Parliament\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 21(1) and (2)<\/b><br><i>'The non-official members of the Central Advisory Board, in Delhi, shall be paid an allowance of rupees two thousand per day for each day of the actual meeting.'<\/i> Members <i>'not residing in Delhi'<\/i> instead get <i>'daily allowance and travelling allowance ... at the rate admissible to a Group \\\"A\\\" officer'<\/i>.<br><br>The MP rate applies only to a Member of Parliament who is a member of the Board (proviso to sub-rule (2)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 262,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Central Advisory Board on Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Central Advisory Board on Disability shall meet at least:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Once in every three months\",\r\n      \"Once in every six months\",\r\n      \"Once in every financial year\",\r\n      \"Once in every year, at New Delhi\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 22(1)<\/b><br><i>'The meeting of the Central Advisory Board on disability shall ordinarily be held in New Delhi on such dates as may be fixed by the Chairperson: Provided that it shall meet at least once in every six months.'<\/i> <i>'At least once in every financial year'<\/i> is the frequency for the governing body of the National Fund (Rule 41(2)).<br><br>New Delhi is only the ordinary venue, not a mandatory one.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 263,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Central Advisory Board on Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As provided in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chairperson shall call a special meeting of the Central Advisory Board on Disability on the written request of not less than:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Ten members\",\r\n      \"One-third of the total members\",\r\n      \"Five members\",\r\n      \"Fifteen members\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 22(2)<\/b><br><i>'The Chairperson shall, on the written request of not less than ten members of the Central Advisory Board, call a special meeting of the Board.'<\/i><br><br>One-third of the total members is the quorum (Rule 24(1)), not the requisition threshold. Five and fifteen are the clear days of notice for special and ordinary meetings (Rule 22(3)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 264,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Central Advisory Board on Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I with List-II (notice period for the Central Advisory Board on Disability):\\nList-I\\nA. Ordinary meeting\\nB. Special meeting\\nC. Matter brought forward by a member for consideration\\nD. Meeting adjourned from day to day\\nList-II\\n1. Ten clear days' notice to the Member-Secretary\\n2. Fifteen clear days' notice\\n3. Notice at the place where the meeting is adjourned; not necessary to other members\\n4. Five clear days' notice\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 22(3), (5) and (7)<\/b><br><i>'The Member-Secretary shall give fifteen clear days'<\/i> notice of an ordinary meeting and five clear days' notice of a special meeting'. <i>'No member shall be entitled to bring forward ... any matter of which he has not given ten clear days'<\/i> notice to the Member-Secretary, unless the Chairperson may permit him'. For a meeting adjourned from day to day, notice is given <i>'at the place where the meeting is adjourned ... and it shall not be necessary to give notice of the adjourned meeting to other members'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 265,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Central Advisory Board on Disability\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding the quorum of the Central Advisory Board on Disability:\\n1. One-third of the total members form the quorum for any meeting.\\n2. No quorum is necessary for an adjourned meeting.\\n3. Any matter may be discussed at an adjourned meeting, whether or not it was on the agenda of the original meeting.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 24(1), (3) and (4)<\/b><br><i>'One-third of the total members ... shall form the quorum for any meeting'<\/i>, and <i>'No quorum shall be necessary for the adjourned meeting.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong: <i>'No matter, which had not been on the agenda of the ordinary or the special meeting, as the case may be, shall be discussed at adjourned meeting.'<\/i><br><br>Contrast the Research Committee, whose quorum is one half (Rule 4(4)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 266,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, to be eligible for appointment as Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities, a person must have experience in a Group \u201cA\u201d level post of at least:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Twenty-five years\",\r\n      \"Twenty years\",\r\n      \"Fifteen years\",\r\n      \"Three years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rules 30(b) and 31(b)<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner must have <i>'experience of at least twenty-five years in a Group \\\"A\\\" level post'<\/i> in Government, a PSU, a semi-Government or autonomous body dealing with disability or the social sector, or as a senior functionary in a registered voluntary organisation.<br><br>Twenty years is the requirement for a Commissioner (Rule 31(b)). Three years is the minimum disability-field experience within the total, for both posts.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 267,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Consider the following statements regarding eligibility for appointment as Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities, under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017:\\n1. He must be a graduate from a recognised university.\\n2. Out of his total experience, at least three years must be in the field of rehabilitation or empowerment of persons with disabilities.\\n3. He must not have attained the age of sixty years as on 1st January of the year of recruitment.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 30(a), (b) and (c)<\/b><br>He must be <i>'a Graduate from a recognized University'<\/i>, with preference for a degree or diploma in social work, law, management, human rights, rehabilitation or education of persons with disabilities. <i>'Out of the total of twenty-five years of experience, he should have at least three years of experience in the field of rehabilitation or empowerment of persons with disabilities'<\/i>. He must not have <i>'attained the age of sixty years as on 1st January of the year of recruitment.'<\/i><br><br>All three statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 268,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities must be less than what age as on 1st January of the year of recruitment?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Sixty years\",\r\n      \"Fifty-six years\",\r\n      \"Fifty-five years\",\r\n      \"Sixty-five years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 31(c), as substituted in 2020<\/b><br><i>'he is less than fifty-six years of age as on the 1st January of the year of recruitment.'<\/i><br><br>Sixty years is the entry-age limit for the Chief Commissioner (Rule 30(c)) and the ceiling on a Commissioner's tenure (Rule 33(2)). Sixty-five is the Chief Commissioner's tenure ceiling (Rule 33(1)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 269,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, a person in service of the Central or a State Government who is selected as Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is required to:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Proceed on deputation for the term of office\",\r\n      \"Obtain a no-objection certificate from his cadre controlling authority\",\r\n      \"Seek retirement from such service before his appointment\",\r\n      \"Continue in service with the post treated as an ex-cadre post\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 30, Note<\/b><br><i>'If he is in the service under the Central Government or a State Government, he shall seek retirement from such service before his appointment to the post.'<\/i><br><br>The post is therefore not held on deputation or alongside regular service. Accordingly, a retired Government servant's salary is reduced by the pension he draws (Rule 34(3)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 270,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Central Government is required to advertise the post of Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three months before the post is due to fall vacant, in at least one national daily each in English and Hindi\",\r\n      \"Six months before the post is due to fall vacant, on the website of the Department only\",\r\n      \"Within ninety days of the post falling vacant, in at least two national dailies each in English and Hindi\",\r\n      \"Six months before the post is due to fall vacant, in at least two national dailies each in English and Hindi\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 32(1)<\/b><br><i>'The Central Government shall, six months before the post of Chief Commissioner is due to fall vacant, advertise in at least two national level dailies each in English and Hindi inviting applications for the post from eligible candidates'<\/i>.<br><br>The advertisement must come before the vacancy arises, not after it. Ninety days is the Assessment Board's time limit for its recommendations (Rule 14A(8)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 271,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding selection of the Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities:\\n1. A search-cum-selection committee recommends a panel of three suitable candidates.\\n2. The panel may include eligible persons who have not applied in response to the advertisement.\\n3. The composition of the search-cum-selection committee is laid down in the rules themselves.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 32(2), (3) and (4)<\/b><br><i>'A search-cum-selection committee shall be constituted to recommend a panel of three suitable candidates'<\/i>, and the panel <i>'may consist of persons from amongst those who have applied in response to the advertisement ... and other eligible persons whom the Committee may consider suitable.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong: the committee <i>'shall be constituted in accordance with the instructions issued by the Government from time to time'<\/i>, not by the rules. The Central Government appoints one of the candidates recommended (Rule 32(5)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 272,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the term of office of the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three years, extendable by two years, or till he attains sixty years of age, whichever is earlier\",\r\n      \"Five years from the date he assumes office, or till he attains sixty-five years of age, whichever is earlier\",\r\n      \"Three years from the date he assumes office, or till he attains sixty-five years of age, whichever is earlier\",\r\n      \"Three years from the date he assumes office, or till he attains sixty years of age, whichever is earlier\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 33(1) and (2)<\/b><br><i>'The term of office of Chief Commissioner shall be for a period of three years from the date on which he assumes office, or till he attains the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier.'<\/i> The option with an extension of two years and an age of sixty describes a Commissioner: his term is <i>'three years and may be extended for a period of another two years or till he attains the age of sixty years, whichever is earlier'<\/i>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 273,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the maximum period for which a person may serve as Chief Commissioner or Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"One term, with no re-appointment\",\r\n      \"Two terms, subject to the age limits of sixty-five and sixty years respectively\",\r\n      \"Two terms, subject to a common age limit of sixty-five years\",\r\n      \"Three terms, subject to the age limits of sixty-five and sixty years respectively\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 33(3)<\/b><br><i>'A person may serve as Chief Commissioner or Commissioner for a maximum period of two terms subject to the condition that he has not attained the age of sixty-five years, or sixty years, respectively.'<\/i><br><br>The age caps differ between the posts: sixty-five for the Chief Commissioner and sixty for the Commissioner.<br><br>Contrast the Chief Commissioner's Advisory Committee, whose members are <i>'not eligible for re-nomination'<\/i> (Rule 39(3)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 274,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following statements regarding resignation and suspension of the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities:\\n1. He may resign by notice in writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government.\\n2. He shall continue in office till his resignation is accepted.\\n3. He cannot be suspended while proceedings for his removal are pending.\\nWhich of the statements given above are correct?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 36(1) and (3)<\/b><br><i>'The Chief Commissioner and the Commissioner may, by notice in writing, under his hand, addressed to the Central Government, resign from the office: Provided that he shall continue in the office till his resignation is accepted.'<\/i><br><br>Statement 3 is wrong: <i>'The Central Government may suspend the Chief Commissioner and the Commissioner, in respect of whom proceedings for removal have been commenced ... pending conclusion of such proceedings.'<\/i>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 275,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities may be removed if, without obtaining leave of absence from the Central Government, he remains absent from duty for a consecutive period of:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Fifteen days or more\",\r\n      \"Thirty days or more\",\r\n      \"Three consecutive meetings\",\r\n      \"Seven days or more\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 36(2)(e)<\/b><br>Removal lies if he <i>'without obtaining leave of absence from the Central Government, remains absent from duty for a consecutive period of fifteen days or more'<\/i>.<br><br>Leave is obtained from the Central Government. <i>'Three consecutive meetings'<\/i> is the absence ground for removing a member of bodies such as the NCPCR, and thirty days is a different period, the time given to the opposite party to reply (Rule 38(2)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 276,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following:\\n1. Serious default in the performance of his functions under the Act\\n2. Attaining the age of sixty years\\n3. Becoming an undischarged insolvent\\n4. Engaging in any paid employment or activity outside the duties of his office\\nWhich of the above are grounds on which the Central Government may remove the Chief Commissioner from office?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 36(2)<\/b><br>Removal lies if he <i>'(a) becomes an undischarged insolvent; (b) engages during his term of office in any paid employment or activity outside the duties of his office; ... (d) is ... unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body or serious default in the performance of his functions'<\/i>.<br><br>Item 2 is not a removal ground. Sixty years is the entry-age limit (Rule 30(c)); his term ends on reaching sixty-five (Rule 33(1)).<br><br>Hence, 1, 3 and 4 only.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 277,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, no person shall be removed from the office of Chief Commissioner or Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities except after following the procedure applicable for removal of a:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Judge of a High Court\",\r\n      \"Member of the Union Public Service Commission\",\r\n      \"Group \u201cA\u201d employee of the Central Government, mutatis mutandis\",\r\n      \"Secretary to the Government of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 36(2), proviso<\/b><br><i>'Provided that no person shall be removed under this rule except after following the procedure, mutatis mutandis, applicable for removal of a Group \\\"A\\\" employee of the Central Government.'<\/i><br><br>Pay is linked to a Secretary (Rule 34(1)), but removal follows Group \u201cA\u201d disciplinary procedure. No judicial or UPSC-type inquiry is prescribed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 278,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chief Commissioner or Commissioner shall decide a complaint, as far as possible, within:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Three months from the date of receipt of notice by the opposite party\",\r\n      \"Three months from the date of receipt of the complaint\",\r\n      \"Sixty days from the date of receipt of the complaint\",\r\n      \"Ninety days from the date of the first hearing\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 38(8)<\/b><br><i>'The Chief Commissioner or the Commissioner shall decide the complaint as far as possible within a period of three months from the date of receipt of notice by the opposite party.'<\/i><br><br>The period runs from the opposite party's receipt of notice, not from the complaint. The sixty-day period applies to discrimination complaints under Rule 3(3).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 279,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Advisory Committee to assist the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is appointed by the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner\",\r\n      \"Central Government\",\r\n      \"Central Advisory Board on Disability\",\r\n      \"Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, on the recommendation of the National Institutes\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 39(1) and (2)<\/b><br><i>'The Central Government shall appoint an Advisory Committee'<\/i>.<br><br>The Chief Commissioner's own role is limited to recommending one expert member (Rule 39(1)(e)) and inviting subject or domain experts as needed (Rule 39(2)). He does not constitute the Committee.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 280,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In terms of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the three experts in the field of barrier-free environment on the Advisory Committee to assist the Chief Commissioner are drawn from:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Physical environment, employment, and legal\",\r\n      \"Transportation system, healthcare, and education\",\r\n      \"Physical environment, ICT, and rehabilitation\",\r\n      \"Physical environment, transportation system, and ICT or other public services and facilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 39(1)(b)<\/b><br><i>'(i) one expert from physical environment; (ii) one expert from transportation system; and (iii) one expert from information and communication technology or other services and facilities provided to the public'<\/i>.<br><br>These mirror the three domains of the accessibility standards in Rule 15(1). Employment and legal experts are separate members under clauses (c) and (d).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 281,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the total number of members of the Advisory Committee to assist the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Twelve\",\r\n      \"Eleven\",\r\n      \"Ten\",\r\n      \"Thirteen\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 39(1)(a) to (e)<\/b><br>Five disability experts (a), three barrier-free environment experts (b), one employment expert (c), one legal expert (d), and one expert recommended by the Chief Commissioner (e), totalling eleven.<br><br>Subject or domain experts invited under Rule 39(2) are not members. Twelve is the strength of the Central Committee for Research on Disability (Rule 4(1)), a common confusion.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 282,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: Chief Commissioner and Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities is required to submit his annual report to the Central Government not later than:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"31st December of the year following the financial year\",\r\n      \"30th June of the year following the financial year\",\r\n      \"31st March, at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"30th September of the year following the financial year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 40(1)<\/b><br>The Chief Commissioner shall, <i>'as soon as possible, after the end of the financial year but not later than the 30th day of September in the next year ensuing prepare and submit to the Central Government, an annual report giving a complete account of his activities during the said financial year.'<\/i> 31st December is the deadline in other bodies' rules, such as the NCPCR's annual report.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 283,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Chairperson of the governing body managing the National Fund for Persons with Disabilities is the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment\",\r\n      \"Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Financial Advisor, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 41(1)(a)<\/b><br><i>'(a) Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, in the Central Government - Chairperson'<\/i>.<br><br>The Financial Advisor of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is only a Member (clause (c)). Neither the Minister nor the Chief Commissioner is on the governing body.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 284,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the Convener and Chief Executive Officer of the governing body of the National Fund for Persons with Disabilities is the:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"Joint Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Director, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n      \"Financial Advisor, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment\",\r\n      \"Chairperson, Board of the National Trust\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 0,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 41(1)(f)<\/b><br><i>'(f) Joint Secretary in the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities in the Central Government - Convener and Chief Executive Officer.'<\/i><br><br>The Director of the same Department is the Member Secretary of a different body, the Central Committee for Research on Disability (Rule 4(1)(v)). The Financial Advisor and the National Trust Chairperson are ordinary Members (clauses (b) and (c)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 285,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, the National Fund for Persons with Disabilities was formed from the amounts available under:\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"The National Trust and the Trust Fund for empowerment of persons with disabilities\",\r\n      \"The Trust Fund for empowerment of persons with disabilities and the National Fund for people with disabilities\",\r\n      \"The Consolidated Fund of India and the National Fund for people with disabilities\",\r\n      \"Grants from State Governments and the Trust Fund for empowerment of persons with disabilities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 1,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 42(1) and (2)<\/b><br><i>'The amount available under the Trust Fund for empowerment of persons with disabilities and the National Fund for people with disabilities, as on the date of the commencement of the Act, shall form the National Fund'<\/i>, and <i>'All monies available under the two Funds ... shall stand transferred to the National Fund.'<\/i><br><br>The National Trust is a separate statutory body whose Chairperson sits on the governing body (Rule 41(1)(b)); its funds were not merged.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 286,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"In the context of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, consider the following:\\n1. Financial assistance in areas not adequately funded under any scheme or programme of the Central Government\\n2. Implementation of the provisions of the Act\\n3. Administrative and other expenses of the Fund\\n4. Such other purposes as may be decided by the governing body\\nWhich of the above are purposes for which the National Fund may be utilised?\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"1, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 2,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rule 42(5)<\/b><br>The Fund <i>'shall be utilized for the following purposes, namely:- (a) financial assistance in the areas which are not specifically covered under any scheme and programme of the Central Government or are not adequately funded ...; (b) for the purpose of implementation of the provisions of the Act; (c) administrative and other expenses of the Fund ...; and (d) such other purposes as may be decided by the governing body.'<\/i><br><br>All four items are listed. Under Rule 42(6), <i>'Every proposal of expenditure shall be placed before the governing body for its approval.'<\/i><br><br>Hence, 1, 2, 3 and 4.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": 287,\r\n    \"chapter\": \"RPwD Rules: National Fund for Persons with Disabilities\",\r\n    \"question\": \"Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, match List-I (functionary) with List-II (body in which he holds the position):\\nList-I\\nA. Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\\nB. Joint Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\\nC. Director, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities\\nD. Nominee of the Director General of Health Services\\nList-II\\n1. Member Secretary, Central Committee for Research on Disability\\n2. Chairperson, governing body of the National Fund\\n3. Member, Central Committee for Research on Disability\\n4. Convener and Chief Executive Officer, governing body of the National Fund\",\r\n    \"options\": [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    \"correct\": 3,\r\n    \"explanation\": \"<b>Rules 41(1)(a), 41(1)(f), 4(1)(v) and 4(1)(ii)<\/b><br>The <i>'Secretary, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities'<\/i> is Chairperson of the National Fund's governing body. Its Joint Secretary is the <i>'Convener and Chief Executive Officer'<\/i>. <i>'The Director, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, New Delhi shall be the Member Secretary'<\/i> of the Research Committee, on which the DGHS nominee is a <i>'Member'<\/i>.<br><br>Hence A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.\"\r\n  }\r\n];\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   4. SANITISE + INDEX\r\n   One malformed row used to blank the whole widget. Bad rows are now\r\n   dropped with a console note; everything else still works.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction sanitise(list){\r\n  if(!Array.isArray(list)) return [];\r\n  const ok=[], bad=[];\r\n  list.forEach((q,i)=>{\r\n    const good = q && q.id!==undefined && typeof q.question==='string'\r\n      && Array.isArray(q.options) && q.options.length>=2\r\n      && Number.isInteger(q.correct) && q.correct>=0 && q.correct<q.options.length\r\n      && typeof q.chapter==='string' && q.chapter.length;\r\n    good ? ok.push(q) : bad.push({row:i, id:q&&q.id});\r\n  });\r\n  if(bad.length) console.warn('[chapter bank] skipped '+bad.length+' malformed question(s):', bad);\r\n  return ok;\r\n}\r\nconst QS = sanitise(chapterQuestions);\r\nconst CHAPTERS = [...new Set(QS.map(q=>q.chapter))];\r\nconst uid = q => q.chapter+'##'+q.id;\r\nconst BY_UID = new Map(QS.map(q=>[uid(q), q]));\r\nconst BY_CH  = (()=>{ const m=new Map(); QS.forEach(q=>{ if(!m.has(q.chapter)) m.set(q.chapter,[]); m.get(q.chapter).push(q); }); return m; })();\r\nconst inCh = c => BY_CH.get(c) || [];\r\nconst L = ['A','B','C','D','E','F'];\r\n\r\n\/* ---- chapter label helpers ---- *\/\r\nconst chShort = c => { const m=c.match(\/^CH\\s*(\\d+)\\s*:\/i); return m ? 'Ch '+m[1] : (c.length>26 ? c.slice(0,24).trim()+'\u2026' : c); };\r\n\/* chapters list in their own order \u2014 Ch 1..n, then Appendix 1..n, then anything\r\n   else alphabetically \u2014 never by score, so the list never shuffles under you *\/\r\nconst ROMAN = {i:1,ii:2,iii:3,iv:4,v:5,vi:6,vii:7,viii:8,ix:9,x:10,xi:11,xii:12};\r\nfunction chOrder(c){\r\n  const t=c.trim();\r\n  let m=t.match(\/^(?:CH|CHAPTER)\\s*[-\u2013]?\\s*(\\d+)\/i);\r\n  if(m) return [0, +m[1], t];\r\n  m=t.match(\/^APPENDIX\\s*[-\u2013]?\\s*([0-9]+|[ivxIVX]+)\\b\/i);\r\n  if(m){ const v=m[1]; return [1, \/^\\d+$\/.test(v) ? +v : (ROMAN[v.toLowerCase()]||99), t]; }\r\n  m=t.match(\/^(\\d+)\/);\r\n  if(m) return [0, +m[1], t];\r\n  return [2, 0, t];\r\n}\r\nfunction byChapterOrder(a,b){\r\n  const x=chOrder(a.chapter||a), y=chOrder(b.chapter||b);\r\n  return x[0]-y[0] || x[1]-y[1] || x[2].localeCompare(y[2]);\r\n}\r\n\/* a bank that stores chapter names in block capitals is softened for display *\/\r\nfunction titleCase(str){\r\n  const t=String(str);\r\n  const letters=t.replace(\/[^A-Za-z]\/g,'');\r\n  if(!letters || letters !== letters.toUpperCase()) return t;   \/\/ already mixed case, leave it\r\n  const small=new Set(['of','the','and','for','in','to','a','an','on','by','or','with','from','as','at','under']);\r\n  return t.toLowerCase().replace(\/[A-Za-z][A-Za-z'\u2019]*\/g,(w,i)=>\r\n    (i>0 && small.has(w)) ? w : w.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+w.slice(1))\r\n    .replace(\/\\bCh\\b\/g,'Ch').replace(\/\\bC&ag\\b\/gi,'C&AG').replace(\/\\bDpc\\b\/g,'DPC');\r\n}\r\nconst chBrief = c => { const m=c.match(\/^CH\\s*(\\d+)\\s*:\\s*(.+)$\/i);\r\n  const cap=t=>t.length>36?t.slice(0,34).trim()+'\u2026':t;\r\n  return m ? 'Ch '+m[1]+': '+cap(titleCase(m[2])) : cap(titleCase(c)); };\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   5. RANKING ENGINE\r\n   Importance where you have rated a chapter; share of the bank where you\r\n   have not. Either way the result is a share of 1, and every label on the\r\n   page is drawn from the T table below so nothing over-claims.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\n\/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n   Matching your importance keys to the chapter strings in the bank.\r\n   Exact spelling is not required. Anything starting with a chapter or an\r\n   appendix number is reduced to a token \u2014 'CH 2', 'Ch-2', 'Chapter 2:\r\n   General Provisions...' all become CH2 \u2014 so a short key in the map finds\r\n   a long chapter name in the bank. Keys with no number fall back to a\r\n   loose text match (case, punctuation and spacing ignored).\r\n   --------------------------------------------------------------------- *\/\r\nfunction impKey(str){\r\n  const t = String(str).toUpperCase().replace(\/[\\u2010-\\u2015]\/g,'-').trim();\r\n  let m = t.match(\/^(?:CH|CHAP|CHAPTER)\\s*[-.:]?\\s*(\\d+)\/);\r\n  if(m) return 'CH'+(+m[1]);\r\n  \/\/ longest spellings first, or 'APPX 5' reads its own X as a roman numeral\r\n  m = t.match(\/^(?:APPENDICES|APPENDIX|ANNEXURES?|ANNEXES?|APNDX|APPX|APDX|APP)\\s*[-.:]?\\s*(\\d+|[IVX]+)\\b\/);\r\n  if(m){ const v=m[1]; return 'APP'+(\/^\\d+$\/.test(v) ? +v : (ROMAN[v.toLowerCase()]||v)); }\r\n  m = t.match(\/^(\\d+)\\s*[-.:)]\/);\r\n  if(m) return 'CH'+(+m[1]);\r\n  return 'T:'+t.replace(\/[^A-Z0-9]+\/g,' ').trim();\r\n}\r\nconst IMP_INDEX = (function(){\r\n  const idx={}, used={};\r\n  Object.keys(chapterImportance).forEach(k=>{\r\n    const v = chapterImportance[k];\r\n    if(typeof v!=='number' || !isFinite(v) || v<0) return;\r\n    const key = impKey(k);\r\n    if(idx[key]!==undefined) console.warn('[importance] two keys collapse to the same chapter: '+k);\r\n    idx[key] = v; used[key] = k;\r\n  });\r\n  return {idx, used};\r\n})();\r\nfunction importanceOf(chapter){\r\n  const k = impKey(chapter);\r\n  if(IMP_INDEX.idx[k]!==undefined) return {value:IMP_INDEX.idx[k], key:k};\r\n  \/\/ last resort for un-numbered names: one contains the other\r\n  if(k.startsWith('T:')){\r\n    const target = k.slice(2);\r\n    const hit = Object.keys(IMP_INDEX.idx).filter(x=>x.startsWith('T:')).find(x=>{\r\n      const a=x.slice(2);\r\n      return a.length>3 && target.length>3 && (target.startsWith(a) || a.startsWith(target));\r\n    });\r\n    if(hit) return {value:IMP_INDEX.idx[hit], key:hit};\r\n  }\r\n  return null;\r\n}\r\n\r\nconst W = (function(){\r\n  const counts={}, total=QS.length;\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>counts[q.chapter]=(counts[q.chapter]||0)+1);\r\n  const raw={}, source={}, derived=[];\r\n  let knownSum=0, knownShare=0;\r\n\r\n  const matched = new Set();\r\n  CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>{\r\n    const hit = importanceOf(c);\r\n    if(hit){\r\n      raw[c]=hit.value; source[c]='rated'; matched.add(hit.key);\r\n      knownSum+=hit.value; knownShare += total?counts[c]\/total:0;\r\n    } else { source[c]='derived'; derived.push(c); }\r\n  });\r\n  const scale = (knownSum>0 && knownShare>0) ? knownSum\/knownShare : 1;\r\n  derived.forEach(c => raw[c] = (total?counts[c]\/total:0)*scale);\r\n  let sum=0; CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>sum+=raw[c]);\r\n  if(!(sum>0)){ CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>{ raw[c]= total?counts[c]\/total:0; source[c]='derived'; }); sum=CHAPTERS.reduce((a,c)=>a+raw[c],0)||1; }\r\n  const weights={}; CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>weights[c]=raw[c]\/sum);\r\n  \/\/ keys you rated that never found a chapter in the bank\r\n  const unmatched = Object.keys(IMP_INDEX.idx).filter(k=>!matched.has(k)).map(k=>IMP_INDEX.used[k]);\r\n  return {weights, raw, source, counts, total, derived, unstocked:unmatched,\r\n          rated: CHAPTERS.some(c=>source[c]==='rated')};\r\n})();\r\nconst weightOf = c => W.weights[c] || 0;\r\nconst pctLabel = x => { const v=(x||0)*100; if(!(v>0)) return '0%';\r\n  return (v<10 ? Math.round(v*10)\/10 : Math.round(v)) + '%'; };\r\n\r\n\/* every phrase that could over-claim lives here, in one place *\/\r\nconst WT = W.rated;                       \/\/ is any chapter rated by hand?\r\nconst T = {\r\n  chipUnit  : ' importance',\r\n  onScreen  : WT ? 'Importance on screen' : 'Share on screen',\r\n  colWeight : 'Importance',\r\n  covered   : WT ? 'Weighted coverage'    : 'Bank covered',\r\n  projected : 'Projected score',\r\n  leakHead  : 'Where you are losing the most',\r\n  leakUnit  : 'points \/100',\r\n  leakWord  : 'points',\r\n  readyDef  : WT ? 'Readiness = \u03a3 (importance \u00d7 mastery)' : 'Readiness = \u03a3 (share of the bank \u00d7 mastery)',\r\n  paperOut  : 'you would score around'\r\n};\r\n\/\/ \"rated 15% importance\" where you have rated it; nothing where you have not\r\nconst impPhrase = r => W.source[r.chapter]==='rated'\r\n  ? 'rated <b>'+pctLabel(r.weight)+'<\/b> importance' : '';\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   6. PROGRESS (localStorage, one record per quizId)\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst SCHEMA = 1;\r\nconst KEY = 'pe_chapterdrill_' + CFG.quizId;\r\nfunction blank(){ return { schema:SCHEMA, stats:{}, weak:[], flags:[], log:[], queue:[], queueLabel:'', queueKind:'', lastUid:null, resume:null,\r\n                           attemptId:0, startedAt:0, updatedAt:0, touchedAt:0 }; }\r\n\/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n   OLDER PAGES' KEYS \u2014 progress saved by the earlier templates is moved\r\n   onto this page's keys on load, locally and from the account, so a\r\n   learner keeps mastery, weak areas and flags when the page is upgraded:\r\n     bank##id            two-bank PYQ + Chapterwise page (v2)\r\n     bank##chapter##id   the same page before v2\r\n     chapter##id         single-bank chapter-wise page\r\n   A key that could mean more than one question here is left alone.\r\n   --------------------------------------------------------------------- *\/\r\nconst LEGACY = (function(){\r\n  const m = new Map(), clash = new Set();\r\n  const add = (k,u) => {\r\n    if(k===u || BY_UID.has(k)) return;                 \/\/ already a key on this page\r\n    if(m.has(k) && m.get(k)!==u) clash.add(k); else m.set(k,u);\r\n  };\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{\r\n    const u  = uid(q);\r\n    const b  = q.bank || ((q.year || q.exam) ? 'pyq' : 'concept');\r\n    const sc = q.srcChapter || q.chapter;\r\n    add(b+'##'+q.id, u);\r\n    add(b+'##'+sc+'##'+q.id, u);\r\n    add(b+'##'+q.chapter+'##'+q.id, u);\r\n    add(sc+'##'+q.id, u);\r\n    add(q.chapter+'##'+q.id, u);\r\n  });\r\n  clash.forEach(k=>m.delete(k));\r\n  return m;\r\n})();\r\nfunction migrateKeys(p){\r\n  if(!p || typeof p!=='object') return p;\r\n  const fix = k => LEGACY.get(k) || k;\r\n  const remap = o => { const r={}; Object.keys(o||{}).forEach(k=>{ r[fix(k)] = o[k]; }); return r; };\r\n  let moved = 0;\r\n  if(LEGACY.size){\r\n    if(p.stats && typeof p.stats==='object'){\r\n      const st = {};\r\n      Object.keys(p.stats).forEach(k=>{\r\n        const n = fix(k), r = p.stats[k], cur = st[n];\r\n        if(n!==k) moved++;\r\n        const att = x => (x && ((x.correct||0)+(x.incorrect||0))) || 0;\r\n        if(!cur || att(r) > att(cur)) st[n] = r;          \/\/ two old keys, one question: keep the fuller record\r\n      });\r\n      p.stats = st;\r\n    }\r\n    ['flags','weak','queue'].forEach(k=>{\r\n      if(!Array.isArray(p[k])) return;\r\n      const a = p[k].map(fix);\r\n      if(a.some((x,i)=>x!==p[k][i])) moved++;\r\n      p[k] = [...new Set(a)];\r\n    });\r\n    if(Array.isArray(p.log)) p.log.forEach(x=>{ if(x && x.u) x.u = fix(x.u); });\r\n    if(p.lastUid) p.lastUid = fix(p.lastUid);\r\n    if(p.resume && typeof p.resume==='object'){\r\n      if(p.resume.uid)   p.resume.uid   = fix(p.resume.uid);\r\n      if(p.resume.ans)   p.resume.ans   = remap(p.resume.ans);\r\n      if(p.resume.qtime) p.resume.qtime = remap(p.resume.qtime);\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  \/* the two-bank page kept the sitting on screen in p.ans \u2014 carry it over *\/\r\n  if(p.ans && typeof p.ans==='object' && Object.keys(p.ans).length\r\n     && !(p.resume && p.resume.ans && Object.keys(p.resume.ans).length)){\r\n    const ans = remap(p.ans), ks = Object.keys(ans);\r\n    p.resume = { uid:ks[ks.length-1], n:ks.length, filter:'all', chapter:null, query:'',\r\n                 unattempted:false, ans:ans, qtime:{}, ts:p.updatedAt||Date.now() };\r\n    moved++;\r\n  }\r\n  if('ans' in p) delete p.ans;\r\n  if(moved){ p._migrated = true;\r\n    console.info('[progress] carried progress saved by an older version of this page onto the new keys.'); }\r\n  return p;\r\n}\r\nlet P = (function(){\r\n  const p = blank();\r\n  try{\r\n    const s = localStorage.getItem(KEY);\r\n    if(s){ const j=JSON.parse(s);\r\n      if(j && j.schema===SCHEMA){ Object.assign(p, j);\r\n        if(typeof j.touchedAt!=='number') p.touchedAt = j.updatedAt||0; }   \/\/ records from before touchedAt\r\n      else if(j) console.warn('[storage] older schema found; starting fresh.');\r\n    }\r\n  }catch(e){ console.warn('progress load failed', e); }\r\n  ['weak','flags','log','queue'].forEach(k=>{ if(!Array.isArray(p[k])) p[k]=[]; });\r\n  if(!p.stats) p.stats={};\r\n  ['attemptId','startedAt','updatedAt'].forEach(k=>{ if(typeof p[k]!=='number') p[k]=0; });\r\n  return migrateKeys(p);\r\n})();\r\nlet storageWarned=false;\r\n\/* real implementation is installed in section 7b, below *\/\r\nlet SYNC = { push(){}, pull(){}, flushNow(){}, enabled:false };\r\nfunction save(){\r\n  P.updatedAt = Date.now();\r\n  try{\r\n    if(P.log.length>400) P.log = P.log.slice(-400);\r\n    localStorage.setItem(KEY, JSON.stringify(P));\r\n  }catch(e){\r\n    try{ P.log = P.log.slice(-80); localStorage.setItem(KEY, JSON.stringify(P)); }\r\n    catch(e2){ if(!storageWarned){ storageWarned=true; toast('Your browser is blocking saved progress \u2014 this sitting will not be remembered'); } }\r\n  }\r\n  SYNC.push();\r\n}\r\n\/* the learner did something that changes flags, the sitting or the paper *\/\r\nfunction touch(){ P.touchedAt = Date.now(); }\r\nfunction stat(u){ if(!P.stats[u]) P.stats[u]={correct:0,incorrect:0,last:null,lastOk:null}; return P.stats[u]; }\r\n\/* A uid is chapter + '##' + id, so renaming a chapter or re-numbering a\r\n   question orphans anything saved against the old uid. Left alone, an\r\n   orphan still counts on the Flagged pill but matches nothing in the\r\n   pool \u2014 the count says 1, the list comes back empty. Drop them here. *\/\r\nfunction pruneOrphans(){\r\n  const gone = [];\r\n  ['flags','queue'].forEach(k=>{\r\n    const before = (P[k]||[]).length;\r\n    P[k] = (P[k]||[]).filter(u=>BY_UID.has(u));\r\n    if(P[k].length !== before) gone.push(k+': '+(before-P[k].length));\r\n  });\r\n  if(P.resume && P.resume.uid && !BY_UID.has(P.resume.uid)) P.resume = null;\r\n  if(gone.length){ save(); console.info('[storage] dropped entries for questions no longer in the bank \u2014 '+gone.join(', ')); }\r\n}\r\nif(P._migrated){ delete P._migrated; if(QS.length) save(); }   \/\/ write the carried-over record back at once\r\nif(QS.length) pruneOrphans();\r\nconst flags = new Set(P.flags);\r\nconst weak  = new Set(P.weak);\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   7. SESSION STATE\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst S = { only:null, qtime:{},\r\n            tab:'quiz', filter:'all', chapter:null, i:0, pick:null, nudge:false,\r\n            query:'', unattempted:false, ans:{}, order:[], explFor:null };\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   7b. SERVER SYNC \u2014 progress follows the WordPress account\r\n   Requires the Code Snippet \"CSS ADDA \u2014 Quiz Progress Sync v1.0\".\r\n   Logged out, offline, or snippet inactive \u2192 silently local-only.\r\n   Nothing printed into a (possibly cached) page is trusted: one live\r\n   admin-ajax call decides whether the visitor is signed in and hands\r\n   back a fresh nonce, so page caching cannot break sync.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nSYNC = (function(){\r\n  const cfg = window.CSSADDA_SYNC || {};\r\n  const AJAX = (cfg.ajaxUrl && String(cfg.ajaxUrl)) || (location.origin + '\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php');\r\n  let nonce = cfg.nonce || '';\r\n  let on = false, probed = null;\r\n  let busy = false, dirty = false, timer = null, retries = 0, pulled = false;\r\n\r\n  function body(action, extra){\r\n    const f = new FormData();\r\n    f.append('action', action);\r\n    f.append('nonce', nonce);\r\n    f.append('quiz_id', CFG.quizId);\r\n    f.append('page_id', cfg.pageId || 0);\r\n    Object.keys(extra || {}).forEach(k => f.append(k, extra[k]));\r\n    return f;\r\n  }\r\n  function post(action, extra){\r\n    if(typeof fetch !== 'function') return Promise.reject(new Error('no fetch'));\r\n    return fetch(AJAX, { method:'POST', credentials:'same-origin', body:body(action, extra) })\r\n      .then(r => r.json());\r\n  }\r\n  function freshNonce(){\r\n    if(typeof fetch !== 'function') return Promise.resolve(false);\r\n    try{\r\n      const f = new FormData(); f.append('action','cssadda_progress_nonce');\r\n      return fetch(AJAX, { method:'POST', credentials:'same-origin', body:f })\r\n        .then(r => r.json())\r\n        .then(j => { if(j && j.success && j.data && j.data.nonce){ nonce = j.data.nonce; return true; } return false; })\r\n        .catch(() => false);\r\n    }catch(e){ return Promise.resolve(false); }\r\n  }\r\n  \/* runs once: is this visitor signed in, and is the snippet live? *\/\r\n  function probe(){\r\n    if(probed) return probed;\r\n    probed = freshNonce().then(okNonce => {\r\n      on = !!okNonce;\r\n      console.info('[sync] account sync ' + (on\r\n        ? 'ON \u2014 quizId: ' + CFG.quizId\r\n        : 'OFF \u2014 not signed in, or the \"Quiz Progress Sync\" snippet is not active'));\r\n      return on;\r\n    });\r\n    return probed;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function sitting(){\r\n    let n = 0, ok = 0;\r\n    Object.keys(S.ans || {}).forEach(u => {\r\n      const q = BY_UID.get(u); if(!q) return;\r\n      n++; if(q.correct === S.ans[u]) ok++;\r\n    });\r\n    return { n:n, ok:ok };\r\n  }\r\n  function fields(){\r\n    const s = sitting();\r\n    return {\r\n      payload   : JSON.stringify(P),\r\n      score     : s.ok,\r\n      total     : s.n,\r\n      seconds   : P.startedAt ? Math.round((Date.now() - P.startedAt)\/1000) : 0,\r\n      attempt_id: P.attemptId || 0\r\n    };\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function push(){ dirty = true; clearTimeout(timer); timer = setTimeout(flush, 1200); }\r\n\r\n  function flush(){\r\n    if(busy || !dirty) return;\r\n    if(!on){ probe().then(okp => { if(okp) flush(); }); return; }   \/\/ wait for the probe, then send\r\n    busy = true; dirty = false;\r\n    post('cssadda_progress_save', fields()).then(j => {\r\n      busy = false;\r\n      if(j && j.success){\r\n        retries = 0;\r\n        if(j.data){\r\n          if(j.data.attempt_id) P.attemptId = j.data.attempt_id;\r\n          if(j.data.updatedAt)  P.updatedAt = j.data.updatedAt;\r\n        }\r\n        try{ localStorage.setItem(KEY, JSON.stringify(P)); }catch(e){}\r\n      } else if(j && j.data && j.data.code === 'bad_nonce' && retries < 2){\r\n        retries++; freshNonce().then(okNonce => { if(okNonce){ dirty = true; flush(); } });\r\n      } else {\r\n        dirty = true;                       \/\/ retry on the next save\r\n      }\r\n    }).catch(() => { busy = false; dirty = true; });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function flushNow(){ clearTimeout(timer); dirty = true; flush(); }\r\n\r\n  \/* survives the tab being closed mid-sitting *\/\r\n  function beacon(){\r\n    if(!on || !navigator.sendBeacon) return;\r\n    try{ navigator.sendBeacon(AJAX, body('cssadda_progress_save', fields())); }catch(e){}\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  const answered = r => (r && r.ans && typeof r.ans==='object' && Object.keys(r.ans).length) ? r : null;\r\n\r\n  \/* merge, so one device can never wipe another *\/\r\n  function merge(local, remote){\r\n    if(!remote || typeof remote !== 'object' || remote.schema !== SCHEMA) return local;\r\n    const out = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(local));\r\n    if(!out.stats) out.stats = {};\r\n\r\n    \/\/ per question, keep whichever record carries more attempts\r\n    Object.keys(remote.stats || {}).forEach(u => {\r\n      const r = remote.stats[u], l = out.stats[u];\r\n      const rn = (r.correct||0) + (r.incorrect||0);\r\n      const ln = l ? (l.correct||0) + (l.incorrect||0) : -1;\r\n      if(rn > ln) out.stats[u] = r;\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    const seen = new Set();\r\n    out.log = (local.log||[]).concat(remote.log||[])\r\n      .filter(x => x && x.ts)\r\n      .sort((a,b) => a.ts - b.ts)\r\n      .filter(x => { const k = x.u + '|' + x.ts; if(seen.has(k)) return false; seen.add(k); return true; })\r\n      .slice(-400);\r\n\r\n    \/* flags, the built session and the sitting belong to whichever side is newer *\/\r\n    \/* newer = the side where the learner last DID something. Moving between\r\n       questions saves too, so updatedAt alone made a device that had only\r\n       browsed look newer than the account. *\/\r\n    const acted = x => (typeof x.touchedAt==='number') ? x.touchedAt : (x.updatedAt || 0);\r\n    const lt = acted(local), rt = acted(remote);\r\n    const la = answered(local.resume)  ? Object.keys(local.resume.ans).length  : 0;\r\n    const ra = answered(remote.resume) ? Object.keys(remote.resume.ans).length : 0;\r\n    const newer = ((rt > lt) || (rt === lt && ra > la)) ? remote : local;\r\n\r\n    out.flags      = (newer.flags || []).slice();\r\n    out.queue      = newer.queue || [];\r\n    out.queueLabel = newer.queueLabel || '';\r\n    out.queueKind  = newer.queueKind || '';\r\n    out.attemptId  = newer.attemptId || 0;\r\n    out.startedAt  = newer.startedAt || 0;\r\n    \/* an empty sitting must never overwrite a real one *\/\r\n    out.resume     = answered(newer.resume) || answered(local.resume) || newer.resume || null;\r\n    out.updatedAt  = Math.max(local.updatedAt||0, remote.updatedAt||0);\r\n    out.touchedAt  = Math.max(lt, rt);\r\n    return out;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function pull(){\r\n    if(pulled) return;\r\n    pulled = true;\r\n    probe().then(okp => { if(okp) load(); });\r\n  }\r\n  function load(){\r\n    post('cssadda_progress_load', {}).then(j => {\r\n      if(!j || !j.success){\r\n        if(j && j.data && j.data.code === 'bad_nonce' && retries < 2){\r\n          retries++; freshNonce().then(okNonce => { if(okNonce) load(); });\r\n        }\r\n        return;\r\n      }\r\n      const raw = j.data && j.data.payload;\r\n      if(!raw){ push(); return; }                 \/\/ first device \u2014 seed the server\r\n\r\n      let remote = null;\r\n      try{ remote = migrateKeys(JSON.parse(raw)); }catch(e){ return; }\r\n      if(remote) delete remote._migrated;\r\n\r\n      const before = Object.keys(P.stats || {}).length;\r\n      const hadSitting = Object.keys(S.ans || {}).length;\r\n      P = merge(P, remote);\r\n      ['weak','flags','log','queue'].forEach(k=>{ if(!Array.isArray(P[k])) P[k]=[]; });\r\n      if(!P.stats) P.stats = {};\r\n      if(QS.length) pruneOrphans();\r\n\r\n      flags.clear(); (P.flags || []).forEach(u => flags.add(u));\r\n      refreshWeak();\r\n\r\n      \/* nothing answered here yet, but another device has a sitting \u2014 pick it up *\/\r\n      if(!hadSitting && answered(P.resume)){\r\n        const at = restoreResume();\r\n        if(at !== 0 && !document.querySelector('#cdRoot .resumebar')) resumeBar(at);\r\n      }\r\n      save(); render(); hdr();\r\n      if(S.tab==='perf') renderPerf();\r\n\r\n      if(Object.keys(P.stats || {}).length > before) toast('Progress restored from your account', true);\r\n    }).catch(() => {});\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  window.addEventListener('pagehide', beacon);\r\n  document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', () => { if(document.hidden) flushNow(); });\r\n  return { push:push, pull:pull, flushNow:flushNow, probe:probe, get enabled(){ return on; } };\r\n})();\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   8. FORMAT + TRAIT MODEL\r\n   SHAPE  = how the question is built (one per question)\r\n   TRAIT  = what it turns on (a question may carry several)\r\n   A shape gap is a reading habit; a trait gap is recall. Same number,\r\n   opposite remedy \u2014 so they are reported separately.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst SHAPES = [\r\n  { key:'match',  label:'Match the following (List-I \/ List-II)',\r\n    test:q => \/list\\s*-?\\s*i\\b\/i.test(q.question) },\r\n  { key:'multi',  label:'Multi-statement \/ how many are correct',\r\n    test:q => q.question.split(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/).filter(x=>\/^\\s*\\d+[.)]\/.test(x)).length>=2 },\r\n  { key:'direct', label:'Explanation', test:()=>true }  \/\/ catch-all\r\n];\r\nconst TRAITS = [\r\n  { key:'cite',      label:'Para, rule, article or article-number recall',\r\n    test:q => \/\\b(para|paragraph|rule|article|section|appendix|schedule|clause)\\s*[-\u2013]?\\s*\\d\/i.test(q.question+' '+q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'period',    label:'Time limits and periods',\r\n    test:q => \/\\b\\d+\\s*(day|week|month|year|hour)s?\\b|\\b(one|two|three|four|five|six|seven|ten|fourteen|fifteen|twenty|twenty-five|thirty|forty-five|sixty|ninety)[\\s-](day|week|month|year)s?\\b\/i.test(q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'money',     label:'Numbers, monetary limits and percentages',\r\n    test:q => \/\u20b9|\\bRs\\.?\\s*\\d|\\blakhs?\\b|\\bcrores?\\b|per\\s*cent|%|\\bone-(third|fourth|half|tenth)\\b\/i.test(q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'authority', label:'Competent authority \/ level \/ who does what',\r\n    test:q => \/\\bwho\\b|\\bby whom\\b|\\bauthority\\b|\\brank of\\b|\\blevel of\\b|\\bnot below\\b|addressed to|shall be (signed|issued|approved|maintained|prepared|submitted)\/i.test(q.question+' '+q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'negative',  label:'Negatively phrased (\u201cNOT correct\u201d, \u201cexcept\u201d)',\r\n    test:q => \/\\bnot correct\\b|\\bis incorrect\\b|\\bare not correct\\b|\\bexcept\\b|\\bdoes not\\b|\\bcannot\\b|\\bnot required\\b|\\bneed not\\b|\\bis\\\/are not\\b\/i.test(q.question) }\r\n];\r\nconst _shape = {};\r\nfunction shapeOf(q){ const u=uid(q); return _shape[u] || (_shape[u] = SHAPES.find(s=>s.test(q)) || SHAPES[SHAPES.length-1]); }\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   9. MODELS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction smoothed(c,i){ const k=CFG.priorStrength, p0=CFG.priorAccuracy; return (c + k*p0)\/(c + i + k); }\r\nfunction expectedRate(c,i,coverage){ return smoothed(c,i)*coverage + CFG.priorAccuracy*(1-coverage); }\r\nfunction recall(st){\r\n  if(!st || !st.last || st.correct<2) return null;\r\n  const R=CFG.retention, reps=Math.max(1, st.correct - st.incorrect);\r\n  const stability = R.baseDays * Math.pow(R.growth, reps-1);\r\n  return Math.exp(-((Date.now()-st.last)\/86400000)\/stability);\r\n}\r\nfunction retentionIndex(){\r\n  let s=0,n=0; QS.forEach(q=>{ const r=recall(P.stats[uid(q)]); if(r!==null){s+=r;n++;} });\r\n  return n ? Math.round(s\/n*100) : null;\r\n}\r\nfunction chapterRows(){\r\n  return CHAPTERS.map(c=>{\r\n    const qs=inCh(c), n=qs.length;\r\n    let att=0, ok=0, bad=0, mastSum=0;\r\n    qs.forEach(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)];\r\n      if(s && (s.correct+s.incorrect)>0){ att++; ok+=s.correct; bad+=s.incorrect; }\r\n      mastSum += s ? Math.min(s.correct\/CFG.masteryThreshold,1) : 0; });\r\n    const acc = (ok+bad) ? ok\/(ok+bad) : null;\r\n    const weight = weightOf(c), coverage = n?att\/n:0, mastery = n?mastSum\/n:0;\r\n    const expected = expectedRate(ok,bad,coverage);\r\n    const leak = weight*(1-expected);\r\n    const difficulty = acc===null ? 1 : (1.4 - 0.6*acc);\r\n    return { chapter:c, count:n, weight, source:W.source[c], att, ok, bad,\r\n             coverage, acc, mastery, expected, leak,\r\n             priority: weight*(1-mastery)*difficulty };\r\n  }).sort((a,b)=>b.weight-a.weight);\r\n}\r\nfunction readiness(){\r\n  const rows=chapterRows();\r\n  return {\r\n    score     : Math.round(rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.weight*r.mastery,0)*100),\r\n    projected : Math.round(rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.weight*r.expected,0)*100),\r\n    covered   : Math.round(rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.weight*r.coverage,0)*100),\r\n    touched   : Object.values(P.stats).some(s=>(s.correct+s.incorrect)>0),\r\n    rows\r\n  };\r\n}\r\nfunction masteredCount(){ return QS.filter(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)]; return s && s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold; }).length; }\r\nfunction formatRows(){\r\n  const acc={};\r\n  const ensure=(k,l,kind)=> acc[k] || (acc[k]={key:k,label:l,kind:kind,ok:0,bad:0,total:0,seen:0});\r\n  SHAPES.forEach(s=>ensure(s.key,s.label,'shape'));\r\n  TRAITS.forEach(t=>ensure(t.key,t.label,'trait'));\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{\r\n    const s=P.stats[uid(q)], buckets=[acc[shapeOf(q).key]];\r\n    TRAITS.forEach(t=>{ if(t.test(q)) buckets.push(acc[t.key]); });\r\n    buckets.forEach(r=>{ r.total++; if(s && (s.correct+s.incorrect)>0){ r.seen++; r.ok+=s.correct; r.bad+=s.incorrect; } });\r\n  });\r\n  return Object.values(acc).map(r=>{ const n=r.ok+r.bad; r.attempts=n; r.acc = n? r.ok\/n : null; return r; })\r\n    .filter(r=>r.total>0);\r\n}\r\nfunction dueForRevision(){\r\n  const risk=CFG.retention.riskBelow;\r\n  return QS.map(q=>{\r\n    const st=P.stats[uid(q)], r=recall(st);\r\n    if(r===null || r>=risk) return null;\r\n    return { q, recall:r, days:Math.floor((Date.now()-st.last)\/86400000), urgency: weightOf(q.chapter)*(1-r) };\r\n  }).filter(Boolean).sort((a,b)=>b.urgency-a.urgency);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* a new sitting: answers and times start clean *\/\r\nfunction newSitting(){\r\n  S.ans={}; S.qtime={};\r\n  S.explFor=null; S.only=null; P.startedAt=0; P.attemptId=0;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   11. POOL \/ FILTERS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction pool(base){\r\n  let p = QS.slice();\r\n  if(S.filter==='chapter' && S.chapter) p = inCh(S.chapter).slice();\r\n  if(S.filter==='weak')    p = p.filter(q=>weak.has(uid(q)));\r\n  if(S.filter==='flagged') p = p.filter(q=>flags.has(uid(q)));\r\n  if(S.query){ const t=S.query.toLowerCase();\r\n    p = p.filter(q=>(q.question+' '+q.options.join(' ')+' '+q.explanation).toLowerCase().includes(t)); }\r\n  if(base) return p;                       \/\/ the SET \u2014 what the scorecard scores\r\n  if(S.unattempted) p = p.filter(q=>S.ans[uid(q)]==null);\r\n  if(S.only==='wrong') p = p.filter(q=>{ const a=S.ans[uid(q)]; return a!=null && a!==q.correct; });\r\n  if(S.only==='blank') p = p.filter(q=>S.ans[uid(q)]==null);\r\n  return p;\r\n}\r\nconst setPool = () => pool(true);\r\nfunction refreshWeak(){\r\n  weak.clear();\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)];\r\n    if(s && s.incorrect>=CFG.weakThreshold && s.correct<CFG.masteryThreshold) weak.add(uid(q)); });\r\n  P.weak=[...weak];\r\n}\r\nrefreshWeak();\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   12. STEM RENDERING (statements + List-I \/ List-II)\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst cleanStem = t => String(t).replace(\/^\\s*(?:Q|Question)\\s*\\.?\\s*\\d+\\s*[.):\\-]\\s*\/i,'').trim();\r\nlet QNUM = '';                               \/\/ set by render() just before each stem is built\r\nconst QN = () => '<span class=\"qno\">' + (QNUM || 'Q.') + '<\/span>';\r\nfunction buildStem(raw){\r\n  const lines = raw.split(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/).map(s=>s.trim()).filter(Boolean);\r\n  const plain = s => s.replace(\/<\\\/?b>\/g,'').trim();\r\n  const isMatch = lines.some(l=>\/^List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*I\\b\/i.test(plain(l)));\r\n  const numbered = lines.filter(l=>\/^\\d+[.)]\\s\/.test(plain(l)));\r\n  if(isMatch) return matchCard(lines, plain);\r\n  if(numbered.length>=2) return stmtCard(lines, plain);\r\n  return plainCard(lines);\r\n}\r\n\/* a single-statement question gets the same sheet as the other two, so\r\n   every question on the page reads the same way *\/\r\nfunction plainCard(lines){\r\n  return '<div class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><div class=\"qsheet\">'\r\n    + lines.map((l,i)=>'<p class=\"'+(i===0?'lead':'close')+'\">'+(i===0?QN():'')+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\nfunction stmtCard(lines, plain){\r\n  const isN = l => \/^\\d+[.)]\\s\/.test(plain(l));\r\n  const first = lines.findIndex(isN);\r\n  let last=-1; lines.forEach((l,i)=>{ if(isN(l)) last=i; });\r\n  const head = lines.slice(0,first), tail = lines.slice(last+1);\r\n  const items = lines.slice(first,last+1).filter(isN).map(l=>plain(l).replace(\/^\\d+[.)]\\s*\/,''));\r\n  return '<div class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><div class=\"qsheet\">'\r\n    + head.map((l,i)=>'<p class=\"'+(i===0?'lead':'intro')+'\">'+(i===0?QN():'')+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n    + '<ol class=\"stmts\">'+items.map(t=>'<li><span>'+t+'<\/span><\/li>').join('')+'<\/ol>'\r\n    + tail.map(l=>'<p class=\"close\">'+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\n\/* Match-the-following comes in every shape: one item per line, or the\r\n   whole list run together on a single line separated by semicolons or\r\n   commas, or nothing at all between items. All three are split here so\r\n   the two columns always come out as proper rows. *\/\r\nfunction splitItems(body, kind){\r\n  const lab = kind==='alpha' ? '[A-Fa-f]' : '\\\\d{1,2}';\r\n  const mk  = re => new RegExp(re.replace('LAB', lab), 'g');\r\n  let parts = body.split(mk('\\\\s*[;\\\\n]\\\\s*(?=LAB\\\\s*[.):]\\\\s)'));\r\n  if(parts.length < 2) parts = body.split(mk('\\\\s*,\\\\s*(?=LAB\\\\s*[.):]\\\\s)'));\r\n  if(parts.length < 2) parts = body.split(mk('(?<=\\\\S)\\\\s+(?=LAB\\\\s*[.)]\\\\s)'));\r\n  const re = new RegExp('^\\\\s*('+lab+')\\\\s*[.):]\\\\s*(.+?)\\\\s*[;,.]?\\\\s*$');\r\n  return parts.map(p=>{ const m=String(p).match(re);\r\n    return m ? {k:m[1].toUpperCase(), v:m[2]} : null; }).filter(Boolean);\r\n}\r\nfunction matchCard(lines, plain){\r\n  \/\/ keep line breaks, normalise only runs of spaces\r\n  const text = lines.map(plain).join('\\n').replace(\/[ \\t]+\/g,' ').trim();\r\n\r\n  \/* The opening line almost always names both lists \u2014 \"Match List-I with\r\n     List-II and select\u2026\" \u2014 so the first occurrence of each is the wrong\r\n     one. Take the last List-I that actually has items after it, and the\r\n     first List-II following that. *\/\r\n  const at = re => [...text.matchAll(re)].map(m=>m.index);\r\n  const posI  = at(\/List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*I\\b\/gi);\r\n  const posII = at(\/List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*II\\b\/gi);\r\n  const hasItems = (str,kind) =>\r\n    (kind==='alpha' ? \/[A-F]\\s*[.):]\\s\/ : \/\\d{1,2}\\s*[.):]\\s\/).test(str);\r\n  let iI=-1, iII=-1;\r\n  for(let k=posI.length-1;k>=0 && iI<0;k--){\r\n    const ii = posII.find(x=>x>posI[k]);\r\n    if(ii===undefined) continue;\r\n    if(hasItems(text.slice(posI[k],ii),'alpha') && hasItems(text.slice(ii),'num')){ iI=posI[k]; iII=ii; }\r\n  }\r\n  if(iI<0 || iII<0) return plainCard(lines);\r\n\r\n  const head  = text.slice(0, iI).trim();\r\n  let segI    = text.slice(iI, iII).trim();\r\n  let segII   = text.slice(iII).trim();\r\n\r\n  \/\/ anything after the lists \u2014 \"Code :\", \"Select the correct answer\u2026\"\r\n  let tail = '';\r\n  const t = segII.match(\/(?:\\n|\\s)(Code\\s*[:.]?\\s*$|(?:Select|Choose)\\b[\\s\\S]*$)\/i);\r\n  if(t){ tail = t[1].trim(); segII = segII.slice(0, t.index).trim(); }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ column captions: \"List-I (Purpose of Leave) :\"\r\n  const capRe = \/^List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*I{1,2}\\b\\s*(\\([^)]*\\))?\\s*[:.]?\\s*\/i;\r\n  const hI  = segI.match(capRe),  hII = segII.match(capRe);\r\n  const capI  = hI  ? hI[0].replace(\/[\\s:.]+$\/,'')  : 'List-I';\r\n  const capII = hII ? hII[0].replace(\/[\\s:.]+$\/,'') : 'List-II';\r\n  const rowsI  = splitItems(hI  ? segI.slice(hI[0].length)  : segI,  'alpha');\r\n  const rowsII = splitItems(hII ? segII.slice(hII[0].length): segII, 'num');\r\n  if(!rowsI.length || !rowsII.length) return plainCard(lines);\r\n\r\n  const cell = x => '<li><b>'+x.k+'.<\/b><span>'+x.v+'<\/span><\/li>';\r\n  const headLines = head ? head.split('\\n').filter(Boolean) : [];\r\n  return '<div class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><div class=\"qsheet\">'\r\n    + (headLines.length\r\n        ? headLines.map((l,i)=>'<p class=\"'+(i===0?'lead':'intro')+'\">'+(i===0?QN():'')+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n        : '<p class=\"lead\">'+QN()+'Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:<\/p>')\r\n    + '<div class=\"lists\">'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lcol\"><h5>'+capI+'<\/h5><ul>'+rowsI.map(cell).join('')+'<\/ul><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lcol\"><h5>'+capII+'<\/h5><ul>'+rowsII.map(cell).join('')+'<\/ul><\/div>'\r\n    + '<\/div>'\r\n    + '<p class=\"close\">'+(tail || 'Select the correct answer using the code given below:')+'<\/p>'\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   13. UI HELPERS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst $ = id => document.getElementById(id);\r\nlet toastTimer=null;\r\nfunction toast(msg, ok){\r\n  const t=$('toast'); t.innerHTML=msg; t.className='toast show'+(ok?' ok':'');\r\n  clearTimeout(toastTimer); toastTimer=setTimeout(()=>t.className='toast',3000);\r\n}\r\nconst SRC_ON = !!(CFG.sourceUrl && CFG.sourceUrl.trim());\r\nconst stripHtml = s => String(s).replace(\/<[^>]+>\/g,'').replace(\/\\s+\/g,' ').trim();\r\nconst preview = (q,n) => { const t=stripHtml(q.question); return t.length>n ? t.slice(0,n)+'\u2026' : t; };\r\nfunction stars(u){\r\n  const s=P.stats[u]; if(!s || (s.correct+s.incorrect)===0) return null;\r\n  return { filled: Math.min(s.correct, CFG.masteryThreshold), c:s.correct, i:s.incorrect };\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   14. RENDER \u2014 PRACTICE\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction renderCtx(){\r\n  const panel=$('chapPanel');\r\n  const on = S.filter==='chapter';\r\n  panel.classList.toggle('hide', !on);\r\n  if(!on) return;\r\n  const rows = chapterRows().filter(r=>r.count>0).sort(byChapterOrder);\r\n  if(!S.chapter || !rows.some(r=>r.chapter===S.chapter)) S.chapter = rows[0] ? rows[0].chapter : null;\r\n  $('chapList').innerHTML = rows.map((r,n)=>{\r\n    const sel = r.chapter===S.chapter;\r\n    const mastered = inCh(r.chapter).filter(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)]; return s && s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold; }).length;\r\n    const title = r.chapter+' \u00b7 '+r.count+' question'+(r.count===1?'':'s')+' \u00b7 '\r\n                + Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'% seen'+(mastered?' \u00b7 '+mastered+' mastered':'');\r\n    return '<button class=\"chapchip\" aria-pressed=\"'+sel+'\" data-ch=\"'+encodeURIComponent(r.chapter)+'\" title=\"'+title+'\">'\r\n      + '<span class=\"no\">'+(n+1)+'<\/span>'\r\n      + '<span class=\"cn\">'+titleCase(r.chapter)+'<\/span>'\r\n\r\n      + (mastered===r.count ? '<span class=\"done\">\u2713<\/span>' : '')\r\n      + '<span class=\"cc\">'+r.count+'<\/span><\/button>';\r\n  }).join('');\r\n  const r = rows.find(x=>x.chapter===S.chapter);\r\n  $('ctxMeta').textContent = r\r\n    ? Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'% seen \u00b7 '+(r.acc===null?'not attempted':Math.round(r.acc*100)+'% accurate')\r\n    : '';\r\n}\r\n\/* --- page turn: set by the navigation handlers, consumed by render() --- *\/\r\nlet TURN = 0;                       \/* +1 forward, -1 back, 0 = no animation *\/\r\nconst REDUCED = !!(window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches);\r\nlet LEAF = null;                    \/* the overlay of a turn still running *\/\r\nfunction endTurn(){\r\n  if(!LEAF) return;\r\n  (LEAF.anims||[]).forEach(a=>{ try{ a.cancel(); }catch(e){} });\r\n  LEAF.wrap.remove();\r\n  const card=$('qCard'); if(card) card.classList.remove('turning');\r\n  LEAF = null;\r\n}\r\n\/* an inert copy of the page: no ids, no focus, no clicks *\/\r\nfunction copyPage(sheet){\r\n  const c = sheet.cloneNode(true);\r\n  c.removeAttribute('id');\r\n  c.querySelectorAll('[id]').forEach(n=>n.removeAttribute('id'));\r\n  c.querySelectorAll('button,a,input').forEach(n=>{ n.setAttribute('tabindex','-1'); });\r\n  c.classList.remove('turn-f','turn-b');\r\n  c.setAttribute('aria-hidden','true');\r\n  return c;\r\n}\r\n\/* called BEFORE the new question is drawn: keeps a picture of the old page *\/\r\nfunction snapTurn(){\r\n  endTurn();\r\n  if(!CFG.pageTurn || REDUCED || typeof Element.prototype.animate !== 'function') return null;\r\n  const sheet = document.querySelector('#qCard .qbody');\r\n  if(!sheet || !sheet.offsetHeight) return null;\r\n  return { page: copyPage(sheet), top: sheet.offsetTop, h: sheet.offsetHeight };\r\n}\r\n\/* called AFTER the new question is drawn *\/\r\nfunction playTurn(dir, snap){\r\n  const card = $('qCard'), sheet = document.querySelector('#qCard .qbody');\r\n  if(!snap || !card || !sheet){ return; }\r\n  const h = Math.max(snap.h, sheet.offsetHeight);\r\n  const wrap = document.createElement('div');\r\n  wrap.className = 'leafwrap';\r\n  wrap.style.top = snap.top+'px'; wrap.style.height = h+'px';\r\n  const leaf = document.createElement('div'); leaf.className='leaf';\r\n  const shade = document.createElement('div'); shade.className='shade';\r\n  const cast = document.createElement('div');  cast.className='cast';\r\n  const spine = document.createElement('div'); spine.className='spine';\r\n  const anims = [];\r\n  const ease = 'cubic-bezier(.45,.05,.35,1)', D = 620;\r\n\r\n  if(dir > 0){\r\n    \/* forward: the old page lifts off the new one and folds back on the spine *\/\r\n    leaf.style.height = snap.h+'px';\r\n    leaf.appendChild(snap.page); leaf.appendChild(shade);\r\n    wrap.appendChild(cast); wrap.appendChild(leaf); wrap.appendChild(spine);\r\n    card.classList.add('turning'); card.appendChild(wrap);\r\n    anims.push(leaf.animate([\r\n      { transform:'rotateY(0deg)',   boxShadow:'0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)' },\r\n      { transform:'rotateY(-35deg)', boxShadow:'18px 0 36px rgba(30,24,14,.22)', offset:.45 },\r\n      { transform:'rotateY(-90deg)', boxShadow:'4px 0 10px rgba(30,24,14,.10)' }\r\n    ], { duration:D, easing:ease, fill:'forwards' }));\r\n    anims.push(shade.animate([{opacity:0},{opacity:.55,offset:.5},{opacity:1}], { duration:D, easing:ease, fill:'forwards' }));\r\n    anims.push(cast.animate([{opacity:.0},{opacity:1,offset:.35},{opacity:0}], { duration:D, easing:'ease-out', fill:'forwards' }));\r\n  } else {\r\n    \/* back: the previous page swings in from the spine and settles over this one *\/\r\n    const under = document.createElement('div'); under.className='under';\r\n    under.appendChild(snap.page);\r\n    leaf.style.height = sheet.offsetHeight+'px';\r\n    leaf.appendChild(copyPage(sheet)); leaf.appendChild(shade);\r\n    wrap.appendChild(under); wrap.appendChild(cast); wrap.appendChild(leaf); wrap.appendChild(spine);\r\n    card.classList.add('turning'); card.appendChild(wrap);\r\n    anims.push(leaf.animate([\r\n      { transform:'rotateY(-90deg)', boxShadow:'4px 0 10px rgba(30,24,14,.10)' },\r\n      { transform:'rotateY(-35deg)', boxShadow:'18px 0 36px rgba(30,24,14,.22)', offset:.55 },\r\n      { transform:'rotateY(0deg)',   boxShadow:'0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)' }\r\n    ], { duration:D, easing:ease, fill:'forwards' }));\r\n    anims.push(shade.animate([{opacity:1},{opacity:.55,offset:.5},{opacity:0}], { duration:D, easing:ease, fill:'forwards' }));\r\n    anims.push(cast.animate([{opacity:0},{opacity:1,offset:.65},{opacity:0}], { duration:D, easing:'ease-in', fill:'forwards' }));\r\n  }\r\n  LEAF = { wrap, anims };\r\n  const mine = LEAF;\r\n  anims[0].onfinish = () => { if(LEAF === mine) endTurn(); };\r\n\r\n  if(card.getBoundingClientRect().top < 0){\r\n    try{ card.scrollIntoView({block:'start', behavior:'smooth'}); }catch(e){}\r\n  }\r\n}\r\nfunction render(){\r\n  const _turn = TURN; TURN = 0;\r\n  const _snap = _turn ? snapTurn() : (endTurn(), null);\r\n  renderCtx();\r\n  const p = pool();\r\n  const ec = $('emptyCard');\r\n  if(!p.length){\r\n    CUR_UID=null;\r\n    $('qCard').classList.add('hide'); ec.classList.remove('hide');\r\n    const back = ' <button type=\"button\" class=\"rb-btn\" data-only-off=\"1\" style=\"margin-top:12px\">Show the whole set<\/button>';\r\n    $('emptyBody').innerHTML =\r\n      S.only==='wrong' ? '<b>No wrong answers in this set<\/b>Nothing to review \u2014 every answer here is right.'+back :\r\n      S.only==='blank' ? '<b>Every question in this set is answered<\/b>The scorecard has the final count.'+back :\r\n      S.query    ? '<b>No match for \u201c'+S.query+'\u201d<\/b>Try a rule or paragraph number, or a shorter phrase.' :\r\n      S.filter==='weak'    ? '<b>No weak areas yet<\/b>Anything you answer wrong lands here until you have it right '+CFG.masteryThreshold+' times.' :\r\n      S.filter==='flagged' ? '<b>Nothing flagged yet<\/b>Press <b style=\"display:inline\">Flag<\/b> under any question and it collects here.' :\r\n      S.unattempted        ? '<b>You have attempted everything here<\/b>Turn off \u201cUnattempted only\u201d to revise what you have done.' :\r\n                             '<b>No questions in this selection<\/b>Clear the search or pick another chapter.';\r\n    renderNav(p); rail(p); return;\r\n  }\r\n  ec.classList.add('hide'); $('qCard').classList.remove('hide');\r\n  if(S.i>=p.length) S.i=0; if(S.i<0) S.i=p.length-1;\r\n\r\n  const q=p[S.i], u=uid(q), given=S.ans[u];\r\n  CUR_UID = u;\r\n  renderModeBar(p);\r\n  $('qCount').textContent = 'Question '+(S.i+1)+' of '+p.length;\r\n  $('qChap').textContent  = chBrief(q.chapter);\r\n  \/* PYQ tag \u2014 shows when the item carries a year\/exam field, hidden otherwise *\/\r\n  const _src = $('qSrc'), _yr = q.year || q.exam || '';\r\n  if(_yr){ _src.className='badge-src pyq'; _src.textContent = (CFG.pyqLabel||'PYQ')+' '+_yr; _src.style.display=''; }\r\n  else if(CFG.showConceptTag){ _src.className='badge-src con'; _src.textContent='Concept'; _src.style.display=''; }\r\n  else { _src.style.display='none'; }\r\n  const tags=[];\r\n  if(weak.has(u))  tags.push('<span class=\"qtag weak\">\u26a0\ufe0f Weak<\/span>');\r\n  if(flags.has(u)) tags.push('<span class=\"qtag flag\">\ud83d\udd16 Flagged<\/span>');\r\n  const sMast=P.stats[u];\r\n  if(sMast && sMast.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold) tags.push('<span class=\"qtag done\">\u2713 Mastered<\/span>');\r\n  $('qTags').innerHTML = tags.join('');\r\n  const st = stars(u), badge=$('qMastery');\r\n  if(!st){ badge.textContent='Not seen yet'; badge.className='badge-m'; }\r\n  else {\r\n    const done = st.c>=CFG.masteryThreshold;\r\n    badge.textContent = '\u2605'.repeat(st.filled)+'\u2606'.repeat(Math.max(0,CFG.masteryThreshold-st.filled))+'  '+st.c+'\u2713 '+st.i+'\u2717';\r\n    badge.className = 'badge-m'+(weak.has(u)&&!done?' weak':'');\r\n  }\r\n  QNUM = CFG.numberQuestions ? ((q.id != null ? q.id : (S.i + 1)) + '.') : 'Q.';\r\n  const _foot = $('cdFoot');\r\n  if(_foot) _foot.innerHTML = '<span>' + (CFG.bookletCode || '') + '<\/span>'\r\n                            + '<span>( ' + (S.i + 1) + ' \\u2013 A )<\/span>';\r\n  $('qStem').outerHTML = buildStem(cleanStem(q.question));\r\n\r\n  const box=$('qOpts'); box.innerHTML='';\r\n  q.options.forEach((o,k)=>{\r\n    const b=document.createElement('button');\r\n    b.className='opt';\r\n    b.innerHTML='<span class=\"key\">('+L[k].toLowerCase()+')<\/span><span class=\"txt\">'+o+'<\/span>';\r\n    if(given!=null){\r\n      b.disabled=true;\r\n      if(k===q.correct){ b.classList.add('right'); b.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend','<span class=\"mark r\">Correct<\/span>'); }\r\n      else if(k===given){ b.classList.add('wrong'); b.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend','<span class=\"mark w\">Your answer<\/span>'); }\r\n    } else if(S.pick===k) b.classList.add('sel');\r\n    b.onclick=()=>{ if(given!=null) return; S.pick=k; S.nudge=false;\r\n      CFG.instantCheck ? check() : render(); };\r\n    box.appendChild(b);\r\n  });\r\n\r\n  paintTime();\r\n\r\n  const bc=$('btnCheck');\r\n  const explOpen = given!=null && (!CFG.instantCheck || S.explFor===u);\r\n  if(CFG.instantCheck){\r\n    bc.disabled = given==null;\r\n    bc.textContent = explOpen ? 'Hide Explanation' : 'See Explanation';\r\n  } else {\r\n    bc.disabled = given!=null;\r\n    bc.textContent = given!=null ? 'Answered \u2713' : 'Check answer';\r\n  }\r\n  $('pickHint').classList.toggle('hide',\r\n    !!CFG.instantCheck || !(given==null && S.pick==null && S.nudge));\r\n  const on = flags.has(u);\r\n  $('btnFlag').setAttribute('aria-pressed', on);\r\n  $('flagIco').textContent = on ? '\ud83d\udd16' : '\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f';\r\n  $('flagTxt').textContent = on ? 'Flagged' : 'Flag';\r\n\r\n  const res=$('result');\r\n  res.classList.toggle('hide', given==null);\r\n  $('explCard').classList.toggle('hide', !explOpen);\r\n  if(given!=null){\r\n    const ok = given===q.correct, v=$('verdict');\r\n    v.className='verdict '+(ok?'r':'w');\r\n    v.innerHTML = ok ? '\u2713 Correct \u2014 '+L[q.correct]+' is right'\r\n                     : '\u2715 Not quite \u2014 the answer is '+L[q.correct];\r\n    $('explBody').innerHTML = q.explanation;\r\n  }\r\n  renderNav(p); rail(p);\r\n  if(_turn) playTurn(_turn, _snap);\r\n  if(S.tab==='quiz') markResume();\r\n}\r\nlet navOpen=true;\r\nfunction renderNav(p){\r\n  const card=$('navCard');\r\n  if(!p.length){ card.classList.add('hide'); return; }\r\n  card.classList.remove('hide');\r\n  const done=p.filter(q=>S.ans[uid(q)]!=null).length;\r\n  $('navTitle').textContent = 'Navigator \u2014 '+done+' of '+p.length+' attempted';\r\n  const g=$('navGrid');\r\n  g.classList.toggle('hide', !navOpen);\r\n  $('navToggle').textContent = navOpen ? 'Hide' : 'Show';\r\n  if(!navOpen) return;\r\n  g.innerHTML='';\r\n  p.forEach((q,k)=>{\r\n    const u=uid(q), a=S.ans[u], s=P.stats[u];\r\n    const b=document.createElement('button');\r\n    b.className='nq'+(k===S.i?' cur':(a!=null?(a===q.correct?' r':' w'):''))\r\n              + (s && s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold ? ' mastered':'');\r\n    b.innerHTML=(k+1)+(flags.has(u)?'<span class=\"fl\">\ud83d\udd16<\/span>':'');\r\n    b.title = 'Q'+(k+1)+' \u00b7 '+chBrief(q.chapter)+(a!=null?(a===q.correct?' \u00b7 correct':' \u00b7 wrong'):'');\r\n    b.setAttribute('aria-label','Go to question '+(k+1));\r\n    b.onclick=()=>{ TURN=(k>S.i?1:-1); S.i=k; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n    g.appendChild(b);\r\n  });\r\n}\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   14b. SCORECARD  \u2014  the set on screen, scored as the exam would score it\r\n   The SET is whatever the filters select (All, a chapter, weak areas,\r\n   flagged\u2026). Review modes and \"Unattempted only\" narrow what is on screen\r\n   but never the set, so the counts hold still while you review.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst fmtM = x => { const r=Math.round(x*100)\/100; return (Math.abs(r-Math.round(r))<1e-9 ? Math.round(r) : r.toFixed(2)).toString(); };\r\nconst fmtT = sec => { const t=Math.max(0,Math.round(sec||0)), h=Math.floor(t\/3600), m=Math.floor(t%3600\/60), x=t%60;\r\n  return h ? h+':'+String(m).padStart(2,'0')+':'+String(x).padStart(2,'0') : m+':'+String(x).padStart(2,'0'); };\r\nconst fmtS = sec => sec==null ? '\u2014' : (sec<60 ? Math.round(sec)+' s' : fmtT(sec));\r\nconst pctT = x => Math.round((x||0)*100)+'%';\r\nconst esc  = t => String(t).replace(\/[&<>\"]\/g, c=>({'&':'&amp;','<':'&lt;','>':'&gt;','\"':'&quot;'}[c]));\r\nconst OKC='#0B8457', BADC='#D3313E', TRACK='#E6EBF3';\r\nlet CUR_UID = null;          \/\/ the question on screen, for the timer\r\nlet SET_SECS = 0;            \/\/ time on the set, kept live by the clock\r\n\r\nfunction setLabel(){\r\n  const f=S.filter;\r\n  let l = f==='all' ? 'All questions'\r\n        : f==='chapter' ? (S.chapter ? chShort(S.chapter) : 'Chapter')\r\n        : f==='weak' ? 'Weak areas' : f==='flagged' ? 'Flagged' : f;\r\n  if(S.query) l += ' \u00b7 \u201c'+S.query+'\u201d';\r\n  return l;\r\n}\r\nfunction setStats(p){\r\n  const M = CFG.marking || {correct:1, wrong:0};\r\n  const r = { n:p.length, att:0, ok:0, bad:0, blank:0, secs:0, timed:0, secsAtt:0 };\r\n  p.forEach(q=>{\r\n    const u=uid(q), a=S.ans[u], t=S.qtime[u]||0;\r\n    r.secs+=t;\r\n    if(a==null){ r.blank++; return; }\r\n    r.att++;\r\n    if(t>0){ r.timed++; r.secsAtt+=t; }\r\n    a===q.correct ? r.ok++ : r.bad++;\r\n  });\r\n  r.raw=r.ok*M.correct; r.lost=r.bad*M.wrong; r.net=r.raw-r.lost; r.max=r.n*M.correct;\r\n  r.acc = r.att ? r.ok\/r.att : null;\r\n  r.avg = r.timed ? r.secsAtt\/r.timed : null;\r\n  return r;\r\n}\r\nfunction paceOf(avg){\r\n  const T=CFG.secondsPerQuestion||60;\r\n  if(avg==null) return null;\r\n  return avg<=T ? {cls:'ok', txt:'On pace'} : avg<=T*1.5 ? {cls:'warm', txt:'A little slow'} : {cls:'hot', txt:'Too slow'};\r\n}\r\n\/* a ring of right \/ wrong over the whole set; what is left is unanswered *\/\r\nfunction donut(parts, total, size, stroke){\r\n  const r=(size-stroke)\/2, C=2*Math.PI*r, cx=size\/2;\r\n  let off=0, segs='';\r\n  parts.forEach(x=>{\r\n    if(!x.v || !total) return;\r\n    const len = x.v\/total*C, gap = (len>4 && x.v<total) ? 1.6 : 0;\r\n    segs += '<circle cx=\"'+cx+'\" cy=\"'+cx+'\" r=\"'+r+'\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"'+x.col+'\" stroke-width=\"'+stroke+'\"'\r\n         +  ' stroke-dasharray=\"'+Math.max(len-gap,0.01)+' '+(C-len+gap)+'\" stroke-dashoffset=\"'+(-off)+'\"><\/circle>';\r\n    off += len;\r\n  });\r\n  return '<svg width=\"'+size+'\" height=\"'+size+'\" viewBox=\"0 0 '+size+' '+size+'\" aria-hidden=\"true\">'\r\n       + '<circle cx=\"'+cx+'\" cy=\"'+cx+'\" r=\"'+r+'\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"'+TRACK+'\" stroke-width=\"'+stroke+'\"><\/circle>'+segs+'<\/svg>';\r\n}\r\nfunction renderScorecard(){\r\n  const p=setPool(), r=setStats(p), M=CFG.marking||{correct:1,wrong:0};\r\n  SET_SECS = r.secs;\r\n  $('scSet').textContent = setLabel()+' \u00b7 '+r.n+' question'+(r.n===1?'':'s');\r\n  $('scSet').title = $('scSet').textContent;\r\n  const nt=$('negTag');\r\n  nt.textContent = M.wrong>0 ? '\u2212'+fmtM(M.wrong)+' per wrong' : 'No negative';\r\n  nt.className = 'negtag'+(M.wrong>0?'':' none');\r\n  $('scRing').innerHTML = donut([{v:r.ok,col:OKC},{v:r.bad,col:BADC}], r.n, 100, 11)\r\n    + '<div class=\"c\"><b>'+r.att+'<small>\/'+r.n+'<\/small><\/b><span>answered<\/span><\/div>';\r\n  $('scRing').setAttribute('aria-label', r.att+' of '+r.n+' answered: '+r.ok+' right, '+r.bad+' wrong');\r\n  const net=$('scNet'); net.textContent = fmtM(r.net); net.className = r.net<0 ? 'neg' : '';\r\n  $('scMax').textContent = 'of '+fmtM(r.max)+' mark'+(r.max===1?'':'s');\r\n  $('scPct').textContent = r.max ? 'Score '+(Math.round(r.net\/r.max*1000)\/10)+'%' : '';\r\n  const tile = (v,l,c) => '<div><b'+(c?' style=\"color:'+c+'\"':'')+'>'+v+'<\/b><span>'+l+'<\/span><\/div>';\r\n  $('scGrid').innerHTML =\r\n      tile(r.att,'Answered') + tile(r.blank,'Not answered','var(--slate)') + tile(r.acc==null?'\u2014':pctT(r.acc),'Accuracy','var(--blue-800)')\r\n    + tile(r.ok,'Right',OKC) + tile(r.bad,'Wrong',BADC) + tile(r.lost>0?'\u2212'+fmtM(r.lost):'0','Marks lost',r.lost>0?BADC:'');\r\n  const pace = paceOf(r.avg);\r\n  $('scTime').innerHTML = '\u23f1 <b id=\"scClock\">'+fmtT(r.secs)+'<\/b> on this set \u00b7 <b>'+fmtS(r.avg)+'<\/b> per question'\r\n    + (pace ? '<span class=\"pace '+pace.cls+'\" title=\"Target '+(CFG.secondsPerQuestion||60)+' s a question\">'+pace.txt+'<\/span>' : '');\r\n\r\n  const wb=$('scWrong'), bb=$('scBlank');\r\n  $('scWrongN').textContent = r.bad;  $('scBlankN').textContent = r.blank;\r\n  wb.disabled = !r.bad && S.only!=='wrong';  bb.disabled = !r.blank && S.only!=='blank';\r\n  wb.setAttribute('aria-pressed', S.only==='wrong');  bb.setAttribute('aria-pressed', S.only==='blank');\r\n}\r\nfunction renderModeBar(p){\r\n  const bar=$('modeBar');\r\n  if(!S.only){ bar.classList.add('hide'); return; }\r\n  bar.className = 'modebar'+(S.only==='blank'?' blank':'');\r\n  bar.innerHTML = (S.only==='wrong'\r\n      ? '<span>Reviewing <b>'+p.length+' wrong answer'+(p.length===1?'':'s')+'<\/b> \u2014 '+esc(setLabel())+'<\/span>'\r\n      : '<span><b>'+p.length+' unanswered<\/b> left in '+esc(setLabel())+' \u2014 each drops off as you answer it<\/span>')\r\n    + '<button type=\"button\" class=\"rb-btn\" data-only-off=\"1\">Show the whole set<\/button>';\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n   CLOCK \u2014 one tick a second. A question's time runs only while it is on\r\n   screen, unanswered, the page is in front and the learner is active.\r\n   --------------------------------------------------------------------- *\/\r\nlet lastAct = Date.now(), idle = false, tickN = 0;\r\n['pointerdown','pointermove','keydown','wheel','touchstart','scroll'].forEach(ev=>\r\n  window.addEventListener(ev, ()=>{ lastAct=Date.now(); if(idle){ idle=false; paintTime(); } }, {passive:true}));\r\nfunction paintTime(){\r\n  const b=$('qTime');\r\n  if(b){\r\n    if(!CUR_UID){ b.classList.add('hide'); }\r\n    else {\r\n      const t=S.qtime[CUR_UID]||0, done=S.ans[CUR_UID]!=null, T=CFG.secondsPerQuestion||60;\r\n      if(done && !t) b.classList.add('hide');\r\n      else {\r\n        const paused = idle && !done;\r\n        b.className = 'badge-t'+(done?' done':'')+(paused?' paused':t>2*T?' hot':t>T?' warm':'');\r\n        b.textContent = (paused?'\u23f8 ':'\u23f1 ')+fmtT(t);\r\n        b.title = done ? 'Answered in '+fmtT(t) : paused ? 'Timer paused \u2014 you seem to be away' : 'Time on this question (target '+T+' s)';\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  const c=$('scClock'); if(c) c.textContent = fmtT(SET_SECS);\r\n}\r\nfunction stash(){                 \/* quiet local save of the timers \u2014 no server call *\/\r\n  if(P.resume) P.resume.qtime = S.qtime;\r\n  try{ localStorage.setItem(KEY, JSON.stringify(P)); }catch(e){}\r\n}\r\nsetInterval(()=>{\r\n  if(document.hidden || S.tab!=='quiz' || !CUR_UID) return;\r\n  if(Date.now()-lastAct > (CFG.idleSeconds||180)*1000){ if(!idle){ idle=true; paintTime(); } return; }\r\n  if(S.ans[CUR_UID]!=null) return;\r\n  S.qtime[CUR_UID] = (S.qtime[CUR_UID]||0) + 1;\r\n  SET_SECS++;\r\n  paintTime();\r\n  if(++tickN % 15 === 0) stash();\r\n}, 1000);\r\n\r\n\r\nfunction rail(p){\r\n  renderScorecard();\r\n  const chs=[...new Set(p.map(q=>q.chapter))];\r\n  const w=chs.reduce((s,c)=>s+weightOf(c),0)*100;\r\n  $('wPct').textContent = w.toFixed(1)+'%';\r\n  $('wNote').textContent = p.length+' questions on screen, from '+chs.length+' '+(chs.length===1?'chapter':'chapters')+'. '\r\n    + (w>=35 ? 'That is a big slice in one sitting \u2014 worth clearing properly.' : 'Useful for topping up once the bigger chapters are secure.');\r\n  hdr();\r\n}\r\nfunction hdr(){\r\n  $('hQ').textContent = QS.length;\r\n  $('hCh').textContent = CHAPTERS.length;\r\n  $('hMastered').textContent = (QS.length ? Math.round(masteredCount()\/QS.length*100) : 0)+'%';\r\n  const r=readiness();\r\n  $('hReady').textContent = r.touched ? r.score+'%' : '\u2014';\r\n  $('fAll').textContent  = QS.length;\r\n  $('fWeak').textContent = weak.size;\r\n  \/* counted against the live bank so the pill can never disagree with the list *\/\r\n  const nFlag = [...flags].filter(u=>BY_UID.has(u)).length;\r\n  $('fFlag').textContent = nFlag;\r\n  $('perfPill').classList.toggle('hide', weak.size<5);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   15. RENDER \u2014 PERFORMANCE\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction renderPerf(){\r\n  const body=$('perfBody');\r\n  const seen=Object.values(P.stats).filter(s=>(s.correct+s.incorrect)>0).length;\r\n  $('perfCount').textContent = seen+' questions attempted';\r\n\r\n  if(!QS.length){ body.innerHTML='<div class=\"empty\"><b>No questions loaded<\/b>Paste your bank into <code>chapterQuestions<\/code> and reload.<\/div>'; return; }\r\n  const R = readiness();\r\n  if(!R.touched){\r\n    body.innerHTML = '<div class=\"empty\"><b>Your coach is waiting for data<\/b>Answer a few questions in Practice. '\r\n      + 'The coach then scores your readiness against the weightage of each chapter and works out where marks are leaking.<\/div>';\r\n    bindPerf(); return;\r\n  }\r\n  const rows=R.rows, byPriority=[...rows].sort((a,b)=>b.priority-a.priority);\r\n  const allC=Object.values(P.stats).reduce((a,s)=>a+s.correct,0);\r\n  const allI=Object.values(P.stats).reduce((a,s)=>a+s.incorrect,0);\r\n  const accAll = (allC+allI) ? Math.round(allC\/(allC+allI)*100) : 0;\r\n  const recent = P.log.slice(-20);\r\n  const accRec = recent.length ? Math.round(recent.filter(x=>x.ok).length\/recent.length*100) : 0;\r\n  const trend = recent.length>=5 ? (accRec>accAll?' \u2197':(accRec<accAll?' \u2198':'')) : '';\r\n  const ret = retentionIndex();\r\n  const due = dueForRevision();\r\n  const band=(v,hi,mid)=> v>=hi?'var(--ok)': v>=mid?'#8A6206':'var(--bad)';\r\n\r\n  const verdict = R.score>=80 ? '<b>In good shape.<\/b> Hold it there with the revision queue and weak-area drills.'\r\n    : R.score>=60 ? '<b>Strong base.<\/b> Close the gaps in the biggest chapters below to cross 80.'\r\n    : R.score>=35 ? '<b>Building up.<\/b> Work the plan top-down \u2014 it is ordered by what will move this number fastest.'\r\n    : '<b>Early stage.<\/b> Start at the top of the plan; the biggest chapters move this number fastest.';\r\n\r\n  body.innerHTML =\r\n  '<div class=\"hero2\">'\r\n  + '<div class=\"ring-card\"><div class=\"ring\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Readiness '+R.score+' out of 100\">'\r\n    + '<svg width=\"150\" height=\"150\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle class=\"bg\" cx=\"75\" cy=\"75\" r=\"64\"><\/circle>'\r\n    + '<circle class=\"fg\" cx=\"75\" cy=\"75\" r=\"64\" stroke-dasharray=\"402\" stroke-dashoffset=\"'+(402-402*R.score\/100)+'\"><\/circle><\/svg>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"ring-txt\"><b>'+R.score+'<\/b><span>Readiness \/ 100<\/span><\/div><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"verdict2\">'+verdict+'<br><span style=\"font-size:11.6px;opacity:.85\">'+T.readyDef+' across '+CHAPTERS.length\r\n    + ' chapters. On today\\u2019s form '+T.paperOut+' <b>'+R.projected+'%<\/b>.<\/span><\/div><\/div>'\r\n  + '<div class=\"coach\"><h4>\ud83e\udded What to do next<\/h4><div id=\"recoList\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n  + '<\/div>'\r\n\r\n  + '<div class=\"kpis\">'\r\n    + kpi(R.projected+'%',T.projected, band(R.projected,65,45))\r\n    + kpi(R.covered+'%',T.covered, band(R.covered,70,40))\r\n    + kpi(ret===null?'\u2014':ret+'%','Retention now', ret===null?'var(--slate)':band(ret,75,55))\r\n    + kpi(accAll+'%','Lifetime accuracy', band(accAll,70,45))\r\n    + kpi(accRec+'%'+trend,'Last 20 attempts', band(accRec,70,45))\r\n    + kpi(masteredCount(),'Mastered ('+CFG.masteryThreshold+'\u2713)','var(--ok)')\r\n    + kpi(weak.size,'Weak questions','var(--bad)')\r\n    + kpi(flags.size,'Flagged','#8A6206')\r\n  + '<\/div>'\r\n\r\n  + '<section class=\"pblock\"><div class=\"pbh\"><div class=\"txt\">'\r\n    + '<h4><span class=\"dot\"><\/span>Chapter performance \u2014 priority first<\/h4>'\r\n    + '<p>Ordered by what will move your readiness fastest, not by chapter number.<\/p><\/div>'\r\n    + '<span class=\"pbtag\">'+rows.length+' chapters<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"tblwrap\" style=\"border:0;border-radius:0\"><table class=\"perf-t\"><thead><tr>'\r\n    + '<th>Chapter<\/th>'+(WT?'<th>'+T.colWeight+'<\/th>':'')+'<th>Coverage<\/th><th>Accuracy<\/th><th>Expected<\/th><th>Status<\/th><th><\/th>'\r\n    + '<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>'\r\n    + byPriority.map(r=>{\r\n        const a = r.acc===null?null:Math.round(r.acc*100);\r\n        const tag = r.count===0 ? '<span class=\"tag na\">No questions<\/span>'\r\n          : r.acc===null ? '<span class=\"tag na\">Not started<\/span>'\r\n          : a<45 ? '<span class=\"tag hot\">Critical<\/span>'\r\n          : a<65 ? '<span class=\"tag warm\">Needs work<\/span>'\r\n          : a<85 ? '<span class=\"tag ok\">On track<\/span>'\r\n                 : '<span class=\"tag good\">Strong<\/span>';\r\n        const bar = a===null ? '\u2014'\r\n          : '<div class=\"tbar\"><i style=\"width:'+a+'%;background:'+(a<45?'var(--bad)':a<65?'var(--gold)':'var(--ok)')+'\"><\/i><\/div><span style=\"font-size:11.5px;font-weight:700\">'+a+'%<\/span>';\r\n        const wcell = WT\r\n          ? '<td><b style=\"color:#8A6206;font-size:15px\">'+pctLabel(r.weight)+'<\/b>'\r\n            + '<span class=\"sub\">'+(r.source==='rated'?'you rated this':'not rated yet')+'<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          : '';\r\n        return '<tr><td title=\"'+r.chapter+'\">'+chBrief(r.chapter)\r\n          + '<span class=\"sub\">'+r.count+' question'+(r.count===1?'':'s')+'<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          + wcell\r\n          + '<td>'+r.att+'\/'+r.count+'<span class=\"sub\">'+Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'% seen<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          + '<td>'+bar+'<\/td>'\r\n          + '<td><b>'+Math.round(r.expected*100)+'%<\/b><span class=\"sub\">\u2248 '+(r.leak*100).toFixed(1)+' '+T.leakWord+' lost<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          + '<td>'+tag+'<\/td>'\r\n          + '<td><button class=\"mini-go\" data-goch=\"'+encodeURIComponent(r.chapter)+'\">Drill<\/button><\/td><\/tr>';\r\n      }).join('')\r\n    + '<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section>'\r\n\r\n  + '<section class=\"pblock\"><div class=\"pbh\"><div class=\"txt\">'\r\n    + '<h4><span class=\"dot\"><\/span>'+T.leakHead+'<\/h4>'\r\n    + '<p id=\"leakNote\"><\/p><\/div>'\r\n    + '<span class=\"pbtag\">'+rows.filter(r=>r.count>0).length+' chapters<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"bars\" id=\"leakBars\"><\/div><\/section>'\r\n\r\n  + '<section class=\"pblock\"><div class=\"pbh\"><div class=\"txt\">'\r\n    + '<h4><span class=\"dot\"><\/span>How you handle each kind of question<\/h4>'\r\n    + '<p id=\"fmtNote\"><\/p><\/div>'\r\n    + '<span class=\"pbtag\">Format analysis<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"subhead\"><h5>How the question is built<\/h5><span>one shape per question<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"bars\" id=\"shapeBars\"><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"subhead\"><h5>What the question turns on<\/h5><span>a question can sit in more than one \u2014 a time limit asked as a multi-statement code counts on both<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"bars\" id=\"traitBars\"><\/div><\/section>'\r\n\r\n  + '<div class=\"split\">'\r\n    + '<div class=\"panel\"><h4 class=\"ph\">Revision queue \u2014 what is fading fastest<\/h4><div id=\"revQ\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"panel\"><h4 class=\"ph\">Mastery distribution<\/h4><div id=\"mastDist\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n  + '<\/div>'\r\n\r\n  + '<div class=\"danger\"><p><b>Danger zone.<\/b> This permanently erases your lifetime performance for this subject \u2014 mastery, weak areas, flags, accuracy history and the readiness score. Reset session on the Practice tab does <b>not<\/b> touch this.<\/p>'\r\n    + '<button class=\"dbtn\" id=\"btnWipe\">\ud83d\uddd1\ufe0f Reset my performance<\/button><\/div>';\r\n\r\n  renderRecos(byPriority, rows, due);\r\n  renderLeaks(rows);\r\n  renderFormats();\r\n  renderRevision(due);\r\n  renderMastery();\r\n  bindPerf();\r\n}\r\nfunction kpi(v,l,color){ return '<div class=\"kpi\"><b style=\"color:'+color+'\">'+v+'<\/b><span>'+l+'<\/span><\/div>'; }\r\nfunction renderRecos(byPriority, rows, due){\r\n  const out=[], named=new Set();\r\n  byPriority.slice(0,3).forEach(r=>{\r\n    if(!r.count) return;\r\n    named.add(r.chapter);\r\n    const imp = impPhrase(r);\r\n    if(r.acc===null)\r\n      out.push({ic:'warm',icon:'\ud83e\udded',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(imp?' is '+imp+' and':'')+' you have not touched it yet \u2014 start here.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n    else if(r.acc<0.6)\r\n      out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\ud83d\udd25',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(imp?', '+imp+',':'')+' is running at only <b>'+Math.round(r.acc*100)+'%<\/b> \u2014 about <b>'+(r.leak*100).toFixed(1)+' '+T.leakWord+' per 100<\/b> are going here.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n    else if(r.coverage<0.6)\r\n      out.push({ic:'cool',icon:'\ud83d\udd0d',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>: accuracy is fine at '+Math.round(r.acc*100)+'%, but you have seen only <b>'+Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'%<\/b> of a chapter'+(imp?' '+imp:'')+' \u2014 finish the set.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n    else\r\n      out.push({ic:'good',icon:'\u2705',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(imp?' ('+stripHtml(imp)+')':'')+' is in good shape at '+Math.round(r.acc*100)+'% \u2014 keep it warm through the revision queue.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n  });\r\n\r\n  \/\/ a format gap costs you in every chapter at once\r\n  const f = formatRows().filter(r=>r.acc!==null && r.attempts>=8).sort((a,b)=>a.acc-b.acc);\r\n  if(f.length>=2){\r\n    const worst=f[0], best=f[f.length-1];\r\n    if(best.acc-worst.acc >= 0.12){\r\n      const tail = worst.kind==='shape'\r\n        ? 'That is a reading habit, not a gap in the rules \u2014 and it costs you in every chapter at once.'\r\n        : 'That is recall, not comprehension \u2014 these have to be committed to memory, and they turn up everywhere.';\r\n      out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\ud83e\udde9',txt:'<b>'+worst.label+'<\/b> questions are running at <b>'+Math.round(worst.acc*100)+'%<\/b> while you sit at '+Math.round(best.acc*100)+'% on '+best.label.toLowerCase()+'. '+tail});\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  \/\/ big chapter you have exhausted\r\n  const done = rows.filter(r=>!named.has(r.chapter) && r.weight>=0.08 && r.coverage>=0.9 && r.count>0).sort((a,b)=>b.weight-a.weight)[0];\r\n  if(done) out.push({ic:'warm',icon:'\ud83d\udcd8',txt:'You have worked nearly every question in <b>'+chBrief(done.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(impPhrase(done)?', '+impPhrase(done):'')+'. Practice has given what it can \u2014 go back to the source text for the rest.',ch:done.chapter});\r\n  if(WT && W.unstocked.length)\r\n    out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\ud83d\udd73\ufe0f',txt:'<b>'+W.unstocked.length+' rated '+(W.unstocked.length===1?'chapter has':'chapters have')+' no questions in this bank<\/b> \u2014 '+W.unstocked.slice(0,3).map(chBrief).join(', ')+(W.unstocked.length>3?' and others':'')+'. Nothing here prepares you for them.'});\r\n  if(weak.size>=3) out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\u26a0\ufe0f',txt:'You have <b>'+weak.size+' weak questions<\/b> flagged, biggest chapter first. One Weak-areas sitting clears the backlog.',weak:true});\r\n  if(due.length) out.push({ic:'warm',icon:'\ud83d\udd01',txt:'<b>'+due.length+' questions<\/b> you had mastered have decayed below <b>'+Math.round(CFG.retention.riskBelow*100)+'% recall<\/b>. Re-answering one costs seconds; re-learning it later costs an evening.'});\r\n  if(flags.size) out.push({ic:'cool',icon:'\ud83d\udd16',txt:'<b>'+flags.size+'<\/b> question'+(flags.size>1?'s are':' is')+' flagged. Clear them before the exam.',flag:true});\r\n\r\n  $('recoList').innerHTML = out.map(r=>{\r\n    let btn='';\r\n    if(r.ch)        btn='<button class=\"go\" data-goch=\"'+encodeURIComponent(r.ch)+'\">Practice \u2192<\/button>';\r\n    else if(r.weak) btn='<button class=\"go\" data-goweak=\"1\">Start \u2192<\/button>';\r\n    else if(r.flag) btn='<button class=\"go\" data-goflag=\"1\">Open \u2192<\/button>';\r\n    return '<div class=\"reco\"><span class=\"ic '+r.ic+'\">'+r.icon+'<\/span><p>'+r.txt+'<\/p>'+btn+'<\/div>';\r\n  }).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction renderLeaks(rows){\r\n  const list = rows.filter(r=>r.count>0).sort((a,b)=>b.leak-a.leak);\r\n  if(!list.length) return;\r\n  const max = Math.max(0.0001, ...list.map(r=>r.leak));\r\n  const total = list.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.leak,0)*100;\r\n  const top3 = list.slice(0,3);\r\n  $('leakNote').innerHTML = 'On today\\u2019s form you would expect to drop about <b>'+Math.round(total)+' '+T.leakWord+' in every 100<\/b>. <b>'\r\n    + top3.map(r=>chShort(r.chapter)).join(', ')+'<\/b> alone account for <b>'+Math.round(top3.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.leak,0)*100)\r\n    + '<\/b> of them \u2014 the shortest route to a better score.';\r\n  $('leakBars').innerHTML = list.map(r=>{\r\n    const m=r.leak*100;\r\n    const col = m>=8?'linear-gradient(90deg,#F08A92,var(--bad))' : m>=4?'linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold))' : 'linear-gradient(90deg,#9DB6EE,var(--blue-700))';\r\n    return '<div class=\"lrow\"><div><span class=\"lname\" title=\"'+r.chapter+'\">'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/span>'\r\n      + '<span class=\"lsub\">'+(impPhrase(r)?stripHtml(impPhrase(r))+' \u00b7 ':'')+'you would clear about '+Math.round(r.expected*100)+'% today<\/span><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"ltrack\"><div class=\"lfill\" style=\"width:'+(r.leak\/max*100)+'%;background:'+col+'\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lval\">'+m.toFixed(1)+'<small>'+T.leakUnit+'<\/small><\/div><\/div>';\r\n  }).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction renderFormats(){\r\n  const rows=formatRows();\r\n  const bar = r => {\r\n    const p = r.acc===null?null:Math.round(r.acc*100);\r\n    const col = p===null?'#CBD5E1' : p<50?'linear-gradient(90deg,#F08A92,var(--bad))' : p<70?'linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold))' : 'linear-gradient(90deg,#6EE7B7,var(--ok))';\r\n    return '<div class=\"lrow\"><div><span class=\"lname\">'+r.label+'<\/span>'\r\n      + '<span class=\"lsub\">'+r.total+' in this bank \u00b7 '+r.seen+' attempted<\/span><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"ltrack\"><div class=\"lfill\" style=\"width:'+(p===null?0:p)+'%;background:'+col+'\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lval\">'+(p===null?'\u2014':p+'%')+'<small>accuracy<\/small><\/div><\/div>';\r\n  };\r\n  const sorter=(a,b)=>(a.acc===null)-(b.acc===null)||(a.acc-b.acc);\r\n  $('shapeBars').innerHTML = rows.filter(r=>r.kind==='shape').sort(sorter).map(bar).join('');\r\n  $('traitBars').innerHTML = rows.filter(r=>r.kind==='trait').sort(sorter).map(bar).join('');\r\n  const rated = rows.filter(r=>r.acc!==null && r.attempts>=8).sort(sorter);\r\n  $('fmtNote').innerHTML = rated.length>=2\r\n    ? (()=>{ const w=rated[0], b=rated[rated.length-1], gap=Math.round((b.acc-w.acc)*100);\r\n        return gap>=12\r\n          ? 'Your weakest kind of question is <b>'+w.label+'<\/b> at <b>'+Math.round(w.acc*100)+'%<\/b>, against <b>'+Math.round(b.acc*100)+'%<\/b> on '+b.label.toLowerCase()+' \u2014 a <b>'+gap+'-point<\/b> gap. That is worth more than any single chapter, because these turn up in all of them.'\r\n          : 'You handle the different kinds of question evenly, within <b>'+gap+' points<\/b> of each other. Nothing to fix here \u2014 keep working the chapter list.'; })()\r\n    : 'Attempt a few more and this will show whether the format is costing you more than the topic.';\r\n}\r\nfunction renderRevision(due){\r\n  $('revQ').innerHTML = due.length\r\n    ? due.slice(0,8).map(d=>'<button class=\"rev\" data-gouid=\"'+encodeURIComponent(uid(d.q))+'\">'\r\n        + '<span class=\"n\">Q'+d.q.id+'<\/span><span class=\"t\">'+preview(d.q,58)+'<\/span>'\r\n        + '<span class=\"d\">'+Math.round(d.recall*100)+'% recall<\/span><\/button>').join('')\r\n    : '<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.6\">Nothing decaying right now. Mastered questions return here as their estimated recall drops below '+Math.round(CFG.retention.riskBelow*100)+'%.<\/p>';\r\n}\r\nfunction renderMastery(){\r\n  const b=[0,0,0,0];\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)];\r\n    if(!s || (s.correct+s.incorrect)===0) b[0]++;\r\n    else if(s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold) b[3]++;\r\n    else if(s.correct>=2) b[2]++;\r\n    else b[1]++; });\r\n  const labels=['Untouched','Learning (0\u20131 \u2713)','Almost there (2 \u2713)','Mastered ('+CFG.masteryThreshold+' \u2713+)'];\r\n  const cols=['#CBD5E1','var(--gold)','var(--blue-700)','var(--ok)'];\r\n  $('mastDist').innerHTML = b.map((n,i)=>\r\n    '<div class=\"lrow\" style=\"grid-template-columns:minmax(120px,1fr) 2fr 54px\"><span class=\"lname\">'+labels[i]+'<\/span>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"ltrack\"><div class=\"lfill\" style=\"width:'+(QS.length?n\/QS.length*100:0)+'%;background:'+cols[i]+'\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"lval\" style=\"font-size:15px\">'+n+'<\/div><\/div>').join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction bindPerf(){\r\n  const w=$('btnWipe');\r\n  if(w) w.onclick=wipe;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   16. ANSWERING\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction check(){\r\n  const p=pool(), q=p[S.i]; if(!q) return;\r\n  if(S.pick==null){ S.nudge=true; render(); return; }\r\n  const u=uid(q), ok = S.pick===q.correct;\r\n  if(!P.startedAt) P.startedAt=Date.now();\r\n  S.ans[u]=S.pick; S.pick=null; S.nudge=false;\r\n  const s=stat(u);\r\n  ok ? s.correct++ : s.incorrect++;\r\n  s.last=Date.now(); s.lastOk=ok;\r\n  P.log.push({u, ok, ts:Date.now(), t:S.qtime[u]||0}); touch();\r\n  P.lastUid=u;\r\n  refreshWeak(); markResume(); save(); render();\r\n  const res=$('result'); if(res && res.scrollIntoView) try{ res.scrollIntoView({block:'nearest',behavior:'smooth'}); }catch(e){}\r\n}\r\nfunction wipe(){\r\n  if(!confirm('Permanently erase ALL lifetime performance for this subject?\\n\\nMastery, weak areas, flags, accuracy history, the built session and the readiness score all go, on this device and on your account. This cannot be undone.')) return;\r\n  P = blank(); touch(); flags.clear(); weak.clear(); newSitting(); S.i=0;\r\n  save(); SYNC.flushNow(); setFilter('all'); renderPerf(); hdr();\r\n  toast('Lifetime performance erased', true);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   18. EVENTS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction setTab(t){\r\n  S.tab=t;\r\n  document.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .tab').forEach(b=>b.setAttribute('aria-selected', b.dataset.tab===t));\r\n  $('viewQuiz').classList.toggle('hide', t!=='quiz');\r\n  $('viewPerf').classList.toggle('hide', t!=='perf');\r\n  $('cdFilters').classList.toggle('hide', t!=='quiz');\r\n  if(t==='perf') renderPerf();\r\n}\r\nfunction setFilter(f, ch){\r\n  S.filter=f; S.i=0; S.pick=null; S.only=null;\r\n  if(ch) S.chapter=ch;\r\n  document.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .pill-f').forEach(b=>b.setAttribute('aria-pressed', b.dataset.f===f));\r\n  render();\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   RESUME  \u2014  pick the sitting up where it was left\r\n   The position, the filter that was in force and the answers given so\r\n   far are written under the same quizId key as everything else, so a\r\n   subject resumes independently of every other subject.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction markResume(){\r\n  const p = pool(), q = p[S.i];\r\n  if(!q) return;\r\n  const u = uid(q), n = Object.keys(S.ans).length;\r\n  const R = P.resume;\r\n  if(R && R.uid===u && R.n===n && R.filter===S.filter){\r\n    R.ans=S.ans; R.qtime=S.qtime; return;              \/* nothing moved *\/\r\n  }\r\n  P.resume = { uid:u, n:n, filter:S.filter, chapter:S.chapter, query:S.query,\r\n               unattempted:!!S.unattempted, ans:S.ans, qtime:S.qtime, ts:Date.now() };\r\n  save();\r\n}\r\nfunction clearResume(){ P.resume=null; save(); }\r\n\r\nfunction restoreResume(){\r\n  const R = P.resume;\r\n  if(!R || !R.uid) return 0;\r\n  if(R.ans && typeof R.ans==='object') S.ans = R.ans;\r\n  S.qtime = (R.qtime && typeof R.qtime==='object') ? R.qtime : {};\r\n  S.chapter     = R.chapter || null;\r\n  S.query       = R.query || '';\r\n  S.unattempted = !!R.unattempted;\r\n  const sb = $('cdSearch'); if(sb) sb.value = S.query;\r\n  const tg = $('tglUn');\r\n  if(tg){ tg.setAttribute('aria-pressed', S.unattempted);\r\n          tg.querySelector('.box').textContent = S.unattempted ? '\\u2611' : '\\u25FB'; }\r\n  if(R.filter && R.filter!=='all' && R.filter!=='session') setFilter(R.filter, R.chapter);\r\n  const p = pool();\r\n  const k = p.findIndex(q => uid(q)===R.uid);\r\n  if(k < 0) return Object.keys(S.ans).length ? -1 : 0;   \/* answers kept, question gone *\/\r\n  S.i = k;\r\n  if(!R.n && k===0) return 0;        \/* nothing was actually attempted \u2014 no bar *\/\r\n  return k + 1;                                          \/* 1-based, for the message *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\nfunction resumeBar(nAt){\r\n  const host = $('qCard'); if(!host) return;\r\n  const bar = document.createElement('div');\r\n  bar.className = 'resumebar';\r\n  const done = Object.keys(S.ans).length;\r\n  bar.innerHTML = '<span>Picked up where you left off'\r\n    + (nAt>0 ? ' \\u2014 question <b>'+nAt+'<\/b>' : '')\r\n    + (done  ? ', <b>'+done+'<\/b> already answered' : '')\r\n    + '.<\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"rb-btn\" id=\"rbFresh\">Start from the beginning<\/button>';\r\n  host.insertBefore(bar, host.firstChild);\r\n  $('rbFresh').onclick = ()=>{\r\n    newSitting(); touch(); S.i=0; S.pick=null; S.query=''; S.unattempted=false;\r\n    const sb=$('cdSearch'); if(sb) sb.value='';\r\n    const tg=$('tglUn');\r\n    if(tg){ tg.setAttribute('aria-pressed', false);\r\n            tg.querySelector('.box').textContent = '\\u25FB'; }\r\n    clearResume(); bar.remove(); setFilter('all');\r\n    toast('Starting fresh \u2014 your lifetime mastery and flags are untouched', true);\r\n  };\r\n}\r\ndocument.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .tab').forEach(b=>b.onclick=()=>setTab(b.dataset.tab));\r\ndocument.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .pill-f').forEach(b=>b.onclick=()=>setFilter(b.dataset.f));\r\n$('chapList').addEventListener('click', e=>{\r\n  const chip=e.target.closest('.chapchip'); if(!chip) return;\r\n  S.chapter = decodeURIComponent(chip.dataset.ch);\r\n  S.i=0; S.pick=null; render();\r\n});\r\n$('btnCheck').onclick = ()=>{\r\n  if(!CFG.instantCheck){ check(); return; }          \/\/ old flow: the button grades\r\n  const p=pool(), q=p[S.i]; if(!q) return;\r\n  const u=uid(q);\r\n  if(S.ans[u]==null) return;                          \/\/ nothing answered yet\r\n  S.explFor = (S.explFor===u) ? null : u;\r\n  render();\r\n  if(S.explFor){\r\n    const c=$('explCard');\r\n    if(c && c.scrollIntoView) try{ c.scrollIntoView({block:'nearest',behavior:'smooth'}); }catch(e){}\r\n  }\r\n};\r\n$('btnNext').onclick  = ()=>{ TURN=1; S.i++; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n$('btnPrev').onclick  = ()=>{ TURN=-1; S.i--; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n$('btnFlag').onclick  = ()=>{\r\n  const p=pool(), q=p[S.i]; if(!q) return;\r\n  const u=uid(q);\r\n  flags.has(u) ? flags.delete(u) : flags.add(u);\r\n  P.flags=[...flags]; touch(); save(); render();\r\n};\r\nconst setOnly = m => { S.only = (S.only===m ? null : m); S.i=0; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n$('scWrong').onclick  = ()=>setOnly('wrong');\r\n$('scBlank').onclick  = ()=>setOnly('blank');\r\n\r\n$('navToggle').onclick = ()=>{ navOpen=!navOpen; renderNav(pool()); };\r\nlet tmr;\r\n$('cdSearch').addEventListener('input', e=>{\r\n  clearTimeout(tmr);\r\n  tmr=setTimeout(()=>{ S.query=e.target.value.trim(); S.i=0; S.pick=null; render(); },220);\r\n});\r\n$('tglUn').onclick = e=>{\r\n  S.unattempted=!S.unattempted;\r\n  e.currentTarget.setAttribute('aria-pressed',S.unattempted);\r\n  e.currentTarget.querySelector('.box').textContent = S.unattempted?'\u2611':'\u25fb';\r\n  S.i=0; S.pick=null; render();\r\n};\r\n$('tglReset').onclick = ()=>{\r\n  if(!Object.keys(S.ans).length) return;\r\n  if(!confirm('Reset this sitting? Only the answers on screen are cleared \u2014 your lifetime performance and mastery are kept.')) return;\r\n  newSitting(); touch(); S.i=0; S.pick=null;\r\n  clearResume(); render();\r\n  toast('Session reset \u2014 performance data kept', true);\r\n};\r\n\r\n\/* performance-tab jumps + AI chips, delegated *\/\r\ndocument.addEventListener('click', e=>{\r\n  if(!e.target.closest('#cdRoot')) return;\r\n  const goch=e.target.closest('[data-goch]');\r\n  if(goch){ setTab('quiz'); setFilter('chapter', decodeURIComponent(goch.dataset.goch));\r\n    toast('Filtered to '+chShort(S.chapter), true); return; }\r\n  if(e.target.closest('[data-only-off]')){ S.only=null; S.i=0; S.pick=null; render(); return; }\r\n  if(e.target.closest('[data-goweak]')){ setTab('quiz'); setFilter('weak'); return; }\r\n  if(e.target.closest('[data-goflag]')){ setTab('quiz'); setFilter('flagged'); return; }\r\n  const gu=e.target.closest('[data-gouid]');\r\n  if(gu){\r\n    const u=decodeURIComponent(gu.dataset.gouid);\r\n    setTab('quiz'); setFilter('all');\r\n    const idx=pool().findIndex(q=>uid(q)===u);\r\n    if(idx>=0){ TURN=(idx>S.i?1:-1); S.i=idx; render(); }\r\n    return;\r\n  }\r\n});\r\n\/* keyboard, scoped to the widget *\/\r\ndocument.addEventListener('keydown', e=>{\r\n  if(S.tab!=='quiz') return;\r\n  const t=e.target;\r\n  if(t && (\/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA|SELECT)$\/.test(t.tagName) || t.isContentEditable)) return;\r\n  if(e.ctrlKey||e.metaKey||e.altKey) return;\r\n  const p=pool(); if(!p.length) return;\r\n  const q=p[S.i];\r\n  if(\/^[1-9]$\/.test(e.key)){\r\n    const k=+e.key-1;\r\n    if(q && S.ans[uid(q)]==null && k<q.options.length){ e.preventDefault(); S.pick=k; S.nudge=false;\r\n      CFG.instantCheck ? check() : render(); }\r\n    return;\r\n  }\r\n  const low=e.key.toLowerCase();\r\n  if(\/^[a-f]$\/.test(low)){\r\n    const k=low.charCodeAt(0)-97;\r\n    if(q && S.ans[uid(q)]==null && k<q.options.length){ e.preventDefault(); S.pick=k; S.nudge=false;\r\n      CFG.instantCheck ? check() : render(); }\r\n    return;\r\n  }\r\n  if(e.key==='Enter'){ e.preventDefault();\r\n    if(!CFG.instantCheck && q && S.ans[uid(q)]==null) check();\r\n    else if(S.i<p.length-1){ TURN=1; S.i++; S.pick=null; render(); }\r\n    return; }\r\n  if(e.key==='ArrowRight'){ e.preventDefault(); TURN=1; S.i++; S.pick=null; render(); return; }\r\n  if(e.key==='ArrowLeft'){ e.preventDefault(); TURN=-1; S.i--; S.pick=null; render(); return; }\r\n  if(low==='f'){ e.preventDefault(); $('btnFlag').click(); }\r\n});\r\nwindow.addEventListener('beforeunload', ()=>{ save(); SYNC.flushNow(); });\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   19. BOOT\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\n$('cdEyebrow').textContent = 'CSS ADDA \u00b7 PromotionExams.com' + (CFG.eyebrow ? '  \u00b7  '+CFG.eyebrow : '');\r\n$('cdTopic').textContent   = CFG.topic;\r\n$('cdSub').textContent     = CFG.sub;\r\ndocument.getElementById('cdRoot').classList.toggle('paper', !!CFG.paperMode);\r\ndocument.getElementById('cdRoot').classList.toggle('stock', !!CFG.paperTexture);\r\ndocument.getElementById('cdRoot').classList.toggle('boldq', !!CFG.boldQuestion);\r\n$('wHead').textContent     = T.onScreen;\r\n$('wUnit').textContent     = WT ? 'importance' : 'of this bank';\r\n$('chapHint').textContent  = '';\r\nif(SRC_ON){\r\n  $('srcCard').classList.remove('hide');\r\n  $('srcLink').href = CFG.sourceUrl;\r\n}\r\nif(WT && W.derived.length) console.warn('[importance] not rated yet: '+W.derived.join(' | ')+' \u2014 using share of the bank for these.');\r\nif(WT && W.unstocked.length) console.warn('[importance] these keys matched no chapter in the bank: '+W.unstocked.join(' | '));\r\nif(WT) console.info('[importance] '+CHAPTERS.filter(c=>W.source[c]==='rated').length+' of '+CHAPTERS.length+' chapters matched a rating.');\r\nif(!WT) console.info('[ranking] chapterImportance is empty \u2014 chapters are ranked by their share of this bank and importance is not mentioned anywhere.');\r\nif(\/^my-subject\/.test(CFG.quizId)) console.warn('[setup] CFG.quizId is still the placeholder \"'+CFG.quizId+'\" \u2014 give this page its own quizId before publishing, or its progress mixes with other pages.');\r\nsetTab('quiz');\r\nconst _resumedAt = restoreResume();\r\ntry{ render(); }catch(err){ console.error('render failed', err); }\r\nif(_resumedAt !== 0) resumeBar(_resumedAt);\r\nwindow.addEventListener('pagehide', markResume);\r\ndocument.addEventListener('visibilitychange', ()=>{ if(document.hidden) markResume(); });\r\nif(!CFG.instantCheck) $('btnCheck').textContent = 'Check answer';\r\nSYNC.pull();\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   20. CONTENT PROTECTION\r\n   Honest about what this can and cannot do.\r\n\r\n   REALLY BLOCKED\r\n     copy, cut, right-click, drag-out, text selection, Ctrl\/Cmd+C, X, S,\r\n     P, U, and printing or \"Save as PDF\" from the browser.\r\n\r\n   DETERRED, NOT BLOCKED\r\n     screenshots. No web page can stop the operating system taking one \u2014\r\n     a phone's power + volume buttons above all never reach the page. So\r\n     the page does not claim to. Instead:\r\n       \u00b7 the question sheet blurs the instant a screenshot shortcut\r\n         starts \u2014 the Windows key (Win+Shift+S, Win+PrtScn), Cmd on a\r\n         Mac (Cmd+Shift+3\/4\/5), Alt (Alt+PrtScn) \u2014 so the capture\r\n         catches a blur, and it blurs whenever the window loses focus;\r\n       \u00b7 Print Screen, where the browser reports it, has its clipboard\r\n         copy overwritten;\r\n       \u00b7 a faint watermark runs across the sheet, so any screenshot that\r\n         does get through carries the site's name (and the learner's,\r\n         if the sync snippet provides it).\r\n\r\n   NOT BLOCKED AT ALL\r\n     View Source, Save Page, DevTools, or Reader Mode. Every question is\r\n     in the page HTML because that is how the widget runs. Anyone willing\r\n     to open the source can read the bank. Serving questions from a\r\n     licence-checked endpoint is the only real fix for that; this layer\r\n     stops casual copying, which is what it is for.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst PROTECT = {\r\n  selection : true,   \/\/ block selecting, copying, cutting, dragging\r\n  context   : true,   \/\/ block right-click inside the widget\r\n  keys      : true,   \/\/ block Ctrl\/Cmd + C X S P U\r\n  print     : true,   \/\/ swap the paper for a notice when printing\r\n  veil      : true    \/\/ blur the questions when the window loses focus\r\n};\r\n\r\n(function protectContent(){\r\n  const root = $('cdRoot');\r\n  const stop = (e, msg) => { e.preventDefault(); e.stopPropagation(); if(msg) toast(msg); return false; };\r\n\r\n  if(PROTECT.selection){\r\n    ['copy','cut'].forEach(ev => root.addEventListener(ev, e=>{\r\n      if(e.target && \/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA)$\/.test(e.target.tagName)) return;   \/\/ let the search box work\r\n      stop(e,'This content cannot be copied');\r\n    }));\r\n    root.addEventListener('dragstart', e=>stop(e));\r\n    root.addEventListener('selectstart', e=>{\r\n      if(e.target && \/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA)$\/.test(e.target.tagName)) return;\r\n      e.preventDefault();\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  if(PROTECT.context)\r\n    root.addEventListener('contextmenu', e=>stop(e,'Right-click is disabled here'));\r\n\r\n  if(PROTECT.keys){\r\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', e=>{\r\n      const t=e.target;\r\n      const inField = t && (\/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA)$\/.test(t.tagName) || t.isContentEditable);\r\n      const k=(e.key||'').toLowerCase();\r\n      if((e.ctrlKey||e.metaKey) && ['c','x','s','p','u'].includes(k)){\r\n        if(inField && (k==='c'||k==='x')) return;    \/\/ copying inside the search box is harmless\r\n        return stop(e, k==='p' ? 'Printing is disabled' : k==='s' ? 'Saving is disabled' : 'This content cannot be copied');\r\n      }\r\n      if((e.ctrlKey||e.metaKey) && e.shiftKey && ['i','j','c'].includes(k)) return stop(e);\r\n      if(e.key==='F12') return stop(e);\r\n    }, true);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Print Screen only reaches the page on some platforms; overwrite what it left\r\n    document.addEventListener('keyup', e=>{\r\n      if(e.key==='PrintScreen' || e.code==='PrintScreen'){\r\n        try{ navigator.clipboard && navigator.clipboard.writeText(' ').catch(()=>{}); }catch(err){}\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  if(PROTECT.print){\r\n    \/\/ the CSS swap covers rendering; this catches the shortcut and the menu\r\n    if(window.matchMedia){\r\n      const mq = window.matchMedia('print');\r\n      const onPrint = m => { if(m.matches) toast('Printing is disabled'); };\r\n      mq.addEventListener ? mq.addEventListener('change', onPrint) : mq.addListener(onPrint);\r\n    }\r\n    window.addEventListener('beforeprint', ()=>toast('Printing is disabled'));\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  if(PROTECT.veil){\r\n    const msg = $('veilMsg'), AWAY = msg ? msg.textContent : '';\r\n    let shieldT = null;\r\n    const veil = (on, text) => {\r\n      root.classList.toggle('veiled', !!on);\r\n      if(msg) msg.textContent = text || AWAY;\r\n    };\r\n    window.addEventListener('blur',  ()=>{ clearTimeout(shieldT); veil(true); });\r\n    window.addEventListener('focus', ()=>{ clearTimeout(shieldT); veil(false); });\r\n    document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', ()=>veil(document.hidden));\r\n\r\n    \/* screenshot shortcuts all start with a key the page does see first:\r\n       Windows \/ Cmd, Alt, or Print Screen itself. Blur at once, so the\r\n       capture that follows catches the blur; clear when the keys are up. *\/\r\n    const SHIELD = 'Hidden while a screenshot key is held';\r\n    const isShot = e => e.key==='Meta' || e.key==='OS' || e.key==='Super' || e.key==='Alt'\r\n                     || e.key==='PrintScreen' || e.code==='PrintScreen'\r\n                     || (e.shiftKey && e.metaKey);\r\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', e=>{\r\n      if(!isShot(e)) return;\r\n      const t=e.target;\r\n      if(e.key==='Alt' && t && \/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA)$\/.test(t.tagName)) return;   \/\/ AltGr while typing a search\r\n      clearTimeout(shieldT); veil(true, SHIELD);\r\n    }, true);\r\n    document.addEventListener('keyup', e=>{\r\n      if(!root.classList.contains('veiled') || !isShot(e)) return;\r\n      clearTimeout(shieldT);\r\n      shieldT = setTimeout(()=>{ if(document.hasFocus() && !document.hidden) veil(false); }, 1800);\r\n    }, true);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* watermark: the site's name, and the learner's when the snippet gives it *\/\r\n  (function watermark(){\r\n    const sync = window.CSSADDA_SYNC || {};\r\n    const who  = String(sync.user || sync.userEmail || sync.userName || '').trim();\r\n    const txt  = String(CFG.watermark || '').replace('{user}', who).replace(\/[\\s\u00b7|-]+$\/,'').trim();\r\n    if(!txt) return;\r\n    const x = t => t.replace(\/[&<>\"']\/g, c=>({'&':'&amp;','<':'&lt;','>':'&gt;','\"':'&quot;',\"'\":'&apos;'}[c]));\r\n    const svg = '<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"380\" height=\"210\">'\r\n      + '<text x=\"190\" y=\"105\" text-anchor=\"middle\" dominant-baseline=\"middle\" transform=\"rotate(-24 190 105)\" '\r\n      + 'font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\" font-size=\"15\" font-weight=\"700\" letter-spacing=\"1\" '\r\n      + 'fill=\"#1B2A4A\" fill-opacity=\"0.075\">'+x(txt)+'<\/text><\/svg>';\r\n    root.style.setProperty('--wm', 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