{"id":14691,"date":"2026-07-29T09:57:44","date_gmt":"2026-07-29T09:57:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/?page_id=14691"},"modified":"2026-08-31T14:04:44","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T14:04:44","slug":"mcqs-on-budget-manual","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/?page_id=14691","title":{"rendered":"MCQS ON BUDGET MANUAL"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"14691\" class=\"elementor elementor-14691\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c1d391 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4c1d391\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-925de27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"925de27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!--\r\n=====================================================================\r\nCSS ADDA \u00b7 PromotionExams.com\r\nCHAPTER-WISE AI TEST SERIES  \u2014  generic template, one subject per page\r\n=====================================================================\r\n\r\nWHAT THIS IS\r\n  A drill page for one chapter-wise MCQ bank, on any subject. Two tabs:\r\n     PRACTICE     filters, search, flagging, per-question AI tutor\r\n     PERFORMANCE  readiness engine, Focused set \/ Mock paper planner\r\n\r\nSETTING UP A NEW SUBJECT \u2014 four edits, all at the top of the script\r\n  1. CFG.quizId   unique per page. Progress is stored under this key, so\r\n                  two subjects on the same site never mix. Change it.\r\n     CFG.topic    the subject name shown in the header.\r\n     CFG.eyebrow  the exam line above it, or blank.\r\n  2. CFG.sourceUrl  the page on your site carrying the full text of the\r\n                  subject. A \"Read the source\" card then appears in the\r\n                  rail. Leave it blank and the card disappears.\r\n  3. chapterImportance   rate each chapter yourself, any relative numbers\r\n                  you like \u2014 they need not total 100. The rating drives\r\n                  the ranking, the study plan and how much of each planned\r\n                  sitting a chapter gets. A chapter you leave out falls\r\n                  back to its share of the bank and is marked \"not rated\r\n                  yet\". Empty the map and importance is never mentioned.\r\n  4. chapterQuestions    your bank, in the usual schema:\r\n                  { id, chapter, question, options[], correct, explanation }\r\n                  Chapter strings must match the importance map exactly.\r\n\r\nSTEM LAYOUT \u2014 nothing to mark up\r\n  A plain stem, a numbered statement stem and a List-I \/ List-II stem are\r\n  each laid out automatically, and all three sit in the same sheet, so\r\n  every question on the page reads the same way.\r\n\r\nRESETS\r\n  \"Reset session\"        clears only this sitting's answers.\r\n  \"Reset my performance\" wipes lifetime mastery, weak areas and flags.\r\n\r\n=====================================================================\r\n-->\r\n\r\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\r\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1,viewport-fit=cover\">\r\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\r\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin>\r\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Plus+Jakarta+Sans:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Newsreader:opsz,wght@6..72,400;6..72,500;6..72,600&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.cdrill{\r\n  --blue-900:#12246E; --blue-800:#1B3FCB; --blue-700:#2757E8; --blue-100:#EAF0FF; --blue-50:#F5F8FF;\r\n  --gold:#E8A317; --gold-lt:#F5C55B; --gold-bg:#FFF7E4;\r\n  --ink:#0F172A; --slate:#5B6B85; --line:#DFE6F3; --paper:#FFFFFF; --wash:#F4F7FD;\r\n  --ok:#0B8457; --ok-bg:#E7F7F0; --bad:#D3313E; --bad-bg:#FDEDEE; --warn:#C2620E;\r\n  --r:14px; --shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(16,32,74,.06),0 8px 24px -12px rgba(16,32,74,.18);\r\n  \/* \u2193 paste the same value your other pages use for --serif *\/\r\n  --serif:'Newsreader',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;\r\n  font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif; font-size:15px; line-height:1.55;\r\n  color:var(--ink); background:var(--wash); 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.ctxmeta{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;white-space:nowrap}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- chapter chips ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .chapcard{margin:0 0 16px;overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:11px 18px;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--blue-50),#EDF3FF);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .chapcard{border-radius:var(--r)}\r\n.cdrill .chaplist{border-radius:0 0 var(--r) var(--r);overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead b{font-size:13.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue-800);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead i{font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .chaphead .meta{margin-left:auto;font-size:12px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:700;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .chaplist{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1px;padding:0;background:var(--line)}\r\n@media(min-width:900px){.cdrill .chaplist{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip{display:grid;grid-template-columns:26px minmax(0,1fr) auto auto;align-items:center;gap:10px;\r\n  padding:10px 16px;border:0;background:var(--paper);text-align:left;transition:background .13s;width:100%}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip:hover{background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .no{font-size:11px;font-weight:800;color:var(--slate);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .cn{font-size:12.6px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:-.005em;\r\n  overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;text-transform:none}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .cw{flex:none;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206;\r\n  border:1px solid #F2DFAE;padding:2px 8px;border-radius:99px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .cc{flex:none;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800);\r\n  min-width:30px;padding:3px 8px;border-radius:6px;text-align:center;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip[aria-pressed=true]{background:var(--blue-50);box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--blue-700)}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip[aria-pressed=true] .cn{color:var(--blue-800);font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip[aria-pressed=true] .cc{background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .chapchip .done{flex:none;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--ok)}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- question ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .qhead{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(135deg,#F1F5FB 0%,#E4ECFB 100%);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\r\n  border-radius:var(--r) var(--r) 0 0;padding:13px 20px}\r\n.cdrill .qcount{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;color:var(--blue-900);font-size:16.3px;letter-spacing:0}\r\n.cdrill .qmeta{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill 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0}\r\n.cdrill .qsheet .close{margin:16px 0 0;text-align:left;hyphens:none;-webkit-hyphens:none}\r\n.cdrill .stmts{list-style:none;counter-reset:s;margin:4px 0 0;padding:0;display:block}\r\n.cdrill .stmts li{counter-increment:s;display:grid;grid-template-columns:30px 1fr;gap:4px;align-items:baseline;\r\n  font-family:var(--serif) !important;font-size:18.5px !important;font-weight:600;line-height:1.65;color:#161b26;\r\n  margin:12px 0 0 14px;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto;-webkit-hyphens:auto}\r\n.cdrill .stmts li::before{content:counter(s) \".\";font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:18.5px;color:#161b26}\r\n.cdrill .lists{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:34px;margin:18px 0 0}\r\n@media(max-width:760px){.cdrill .lists{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px}}\r\n.cdrill .lcol h5{margin:0 0 10px;padding:0 0 9px;border-bottom:1px solid #DCD3BE;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;color:var(--ink)}\r\n.cdrill .lcol 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Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:800;font-size:10.5px;\r\n  letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;align-self:center}\r\n.cdrill .mark.r{color:var(--ok)} .cdrill .mark.w{color:var(--bad)}\r\n@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.cdrill .opt:hover:not(:disabled){transform:none}}\r\n.cdrill .hint{margin:12px 0 0;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:600;color:#8A6206;background:var(--gold-bg);\r\n  border:1px solid #F2DFAE;border-radius:10px;padding:10px 14px}\r\n.cdrill .actions{display:flex;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:18px;align-items:center}\r\n.cdrill .btn{padding:11px 20px;border-radius:11px;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .btn:hover{background:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .btn:disabled{opacity:.4;cursor:not-allowed}\r\n.cdrill .btn.ghost{background:var(--paper);border:1.5px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink)}\r\n.cdrill .btn.ghost:hover{border-color:var(--blue-700);color:var(--blue-800);background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n.cdrill .flagbtn{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;padding:11px 18px;border-radius:11px;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;\r\n  border:1.5px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);color:var(--slate);margin-left:auto;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .flagbtn:hover{border-color:var(--gold);color:#8A6206;background:var(--gold-bg)}\r\n.cdrill .flagbtn[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:var(--gold);background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold));color:#3A2A02}\r\n.cdrill .kbd{display:inline-block;font-family:ui-monospace,Menlo,monospace;font-size:10.5px;padding:3px 6px;background:#fff;\r\n  border:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom-width:2px;border-radius:4px;font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .keys{margin-top:14px;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px dashed var(--line);font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);\r\n  display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-weight:600}\r\n@media(max-width:700px){.cdrill .keys{display:none}}\r\n\r\n.cdrill .verdict{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-weight:800;font-size:14px;margin:20px 0 0}\r\n.cdrill .verdict.r{color:var(--ok)} .cdrill .verdict.w{color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .expl{margin-top:12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--gold);border-radius:0 12px 12px 0;\r\n  background:#FCFDFF;padding:16px 18px;font-size:14.2px;line-height:1.68}\r\n.cdrill .expl .body{font-family:'Newsreader',Georgia,serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7}\r\n.cdrill .expl b{color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .expl-h{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800;margin-bottom:8px}\r\n\r\n  font-weight:600;font-size:13px;color:var(--blue-800);transition:.14s}\r\n.cdrill .chip:hover:not(:disabled){background:var(--blue-700);border-color:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .ai-out{margin-top:12px;background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;padding:14px 16px;\r\n  font-size:14px;line-height:1.65}\r\n.cdrill .ai-out b{color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .offline{margin-top:12px;padding-top:10px;border-top:1px dashed #CBD8F6;font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.5}\r\n.cdrill .dots span{display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--blue-700);margin-right:4px;animation:cdb 1.1s infinite}\r\n.cdrill .dots span:nth-child(2){animation-delay:.16s} .cdrill .dots span:nth-child(3){animation-delay:.32s}\r\n@keyframes cdb{0%,80%{opacity:.25;transform:translateY(0)}40%{opacity:1;transform:translateY(-3px)}}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- rail ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .rail{display:grid;gap:16px;align-content:start}\r\n.cdrill .rail .card{padding:16px}\r\n.cdrill .rail h3{margin:0;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .score{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:8px;margin:10px 0 4px}\r\n.cdrill .score b{font-size:32px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.03em}\r\n.cdrill .score i{font-style:normal;color:var(--slate);font-size:13px;font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .bar{height:7px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--wash);overflow:hidden;margin-top:10px}\r\n.cdrill .bar>i{display:block;height:100%;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--ok),#37B37E);border-radius:99px;transition:width .4s}\r\n.cdrill .mini{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--slate);margin-top:8px;font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .streak{display:flex;gap:4px;margin-top:12px}\r\n.cdrill .streak i{flex:1;height:26px;border-radius:5px;background:var(--wash);border:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .streak i.r{background:var(--ok-bg);border-color:#A9DEC6}\r\n.cdrill .streak i.w{background:var(--bad-bg);border-color:#F3C2C6}\r\n.cdrill .nav-head{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;padding:13px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);flex-wrap:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .nav-head b{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n.cdrill .navtoggle{flex:none;white-space:nowrap;min-width:56px;text-align:center;\r\n  font-size:12px;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue-800);padding:5px 12px;border-radius:7px;\r\n  border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);letter-spacing:.02em;transition:.14s}\r\n.cdrill .nav-head b{min-width:0;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .navtoggle:hover{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr));gap:6px;\r\n  padding:14px 16px 12px;max-height:238px;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid::-webkit-scrollbar{width:6px}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#CBD5E1;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .navgrid::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:transparent}\r\n.cdrill .nq{position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;min-width:0;height:34px;padding:0;margin:0;\r\n  border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);\r\n  font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-size:11.5px;line-height:1;\r\n  color:var(--slate);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:visible;\r\n  transition:background .12s,border-color .12s,color .12s;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;letter-spacing:-.02em}\r\n.cdrill .nq:hover{border-color:var(--blue-700);color:var(--blue-800);background:var(--blue-50)}\r\n@media(max-width:960px){.cdrill .navgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(10,minmax(0,1fr))}}\r\n@media(max-width:520px){.cdrill .navgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(7,minmax(0,1fr))}}\r\n.cdrill .nq.r{background:var(--ok-bg);border-color:#8FD3B6;color:#086945}\r\n.cdrill .nq.w{background:var(--bad-bg);border-color:#F0AEB4;color:#A81F2B}\r\n.cdrill .nq.cur{border-color:var(--blue-700);background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .nq .fl{position:absolute;top:-5px;right:-4px;font-size:9.5px;line-height:1;\r\n  filter:drop-shadow(0 0 2px #fff)}\r\n.cdrill .nq.mastered::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;bottom:3px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);\r\n  width:4px;height:4px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .legend{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:10.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;\r\n  padding:10px 16px 14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:4px}\r\n.cdrill .legend i{display:inline-block;width:9px;height:9px;border-radius:3px;margin-right:5px;vertical-align:-1px}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- performance ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .perf{padding:24px 24px 32px;display:grid;gap:34px}\r\n.cdrill .ph{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--slate);font-weight:800}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- performance blocks ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill .pblock{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;background:var(--paper);overflow:hidden}\r\n.cdrill .pbh{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:16px;padding:20px 24px 18px;\r\n  background:linear-gradient(180deg,#FBFCFF,#F6F9FF);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\r\n.cdrill .pbh .txt{flex:1;min-width:0}\r\n.cdrill .pbh h4{font-size:17px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.015em;color:var(--ink);margin:0 0 7px;\r\n  display:flex;align-items:center;gap:9px}\r\n.cdrill .pbh h4 .dot{width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--gold);flex:none}\r\n.cdrill .pbh p{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.6;margin:0}\r\n.cdrill .pbh .pbtag{flex:none;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;\r\n  color:var(--blue-800);background:var(--blue-100);border-radius:99px;padding:6px 13px;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .bars{padding:8px 24px 18px}\r\n.cdrill .subhead{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:18px 24px 2px;\r\n  border-top:1px solid #EEF2F9;margin-top:6px}\r\n.cdrill .subhead:first-of-type{border-top:0;margin-top:0}\r\n.cdrill .subhead h5{font-size:12.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:.01em;margin:0}\r\n.cdrill .subhead span{font-size:11.8px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600}\r\n.cdrill .hero2{display:grid;grid-template-columns:260px 1fr;gap:18px}\r\n@media(max-width:860px){.cdrill .hero2{grid-template-columns:1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .ring-card{background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--blue-900),var(--blue-800) 70%,var(--blue-700));border-radius:var(--r);\r\n  padding:24px 20px;color:#fff;text-align:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center}\r\n.cdrill .ring{position:relative;width:150px;height:150px}\r\n.cdrill .ring svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}\r\n.cdrill .ring .bg{fill:none;stroke:rgba(255,255,255,.14);stroke-width:11}\r\n.cdrill .ring .fg{fill:none;stroke:var(--gold-lt);stroke-width:11;stroke-linecap:round;transition:stroke-dashoffset 1s ease}\r\n.cdrill .ring-txt{position:absolute;inset:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center}\r\n.cdrill .ring-txt b{font-size:40px;font-weight:800;color:var(--gold-lt);letter-spacing:-.03em;line-height:1}\r\n.cdrill .ring-txt span{font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#BFDBFE;margin-top:5px;font-weight:700}\r\n.cdrill .verdict2{margin-top:14px;font-size:13.4px;color:#DBEAFE;line-height:1.55}\r\n.cdrill .verdict2 b{color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .coach{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:18px 20px;background:var(--paper)}\r\n.cdrill .coach h4{font-size:14.5px;font-weight:800;margin-bottom:12px;display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}\r\n.cdrill .reco{display:flex;gap:12px;padding:11px 0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--line);align-items:flex-start}\r\n.cdrill .reco:last-child{border-bottom:0}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic{width:30px;height:30px;border-radius:8px;display:grid;place-items:center;font-size:13px;flex:none;margin-top:1px}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.hot{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.warm{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.cool{background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .reco .ic.good{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .reco p{font-size:13.8px;line-height:1.55}\r\n.cdrill .reco .go{margin-left:auto;flex:none;background:var(--blue-50);color:var(--blue-800);border:1px solid #D4E2FB;\r\n  border-radius:8px;padding:6px 12px;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .reco .go:hover{background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .planner{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#FFFDF6,#FFF8E8);border:1px solid #EADFC2;border-left:4px solid var(--gold);\r\n  border-radius:0 var(--r) var(--r) 0;padding:18px 20px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .planner h4{font-size:17px;font-weight:800;margin-bottom:5px;letter-spacing:-.01em}\r\n.cdrill .planner p{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.55;max-width:62ch}\r\n.cdrill .pbtns{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .pbtn{padding:11px 18px;border:1.5px solid var(--gold);border-radius:11px;background:#fff;color:#8A6206;\r\n  font-weight:800;font-size:13.5px;display:flex;gap:7px;align-items:center;white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .pbtn:hover{background:var(--gold-bg)}\r\n.cdrill .pbtn.primary{background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold));color:#3A2A02;border-color:var(--gold)}\r\n.cdrill .kpis{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(150px,1fr));gap:12px}\r\n.cdrill .kpi{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:15px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fff,var(--blue-50))}\r\n.cdrill .kpi b{display:block;font-size:26px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.03em}\r\n.cdrill .kpi span{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em}\r\n.cdrill .tblwrap{overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;background:#fff}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:13px;min-width:760px}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t th,.cdrill table.perf-t td{padding:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #EEF2F9;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t thead th{background:var(--blue-900);color:#fff;font-weight:700;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t th:first-child,.cdrill table.perf-t td:first-child{text-align:left;padding-left:14px}\r\n.cdrill table.perf-t td:first-child{font-weight:700;max-width:280px;line-height:1.35;background:#FBFCFE}\r\n.cdrill .sub{display:block;font-size:10.6px;color:var(--slate);font-weight:600;margin-top:3px}\r\n.cdrill .tbar{height:6px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--wash);overflow:hidden;min-width:80px}\r\n.cdrill .tbar>i{display:block;height:100%;border-radius:99px}\r\n.cdrill .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10.4px;font-weight:800;padding:3px 9px;border-radius:99px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.04em}\r\n.cdrill .tag.hot{background:var(--bad-bg);color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .tag.warm{background:var(--gold-bg);color:#8A6206}\r\n.cdrill .tag.ok{background:var(--blue-100);color:var(--blue-800)}\r\n.cdrill .tag.good{background:var(--ok-bg);color:var(--ok)}\r\n.cdrill .tag.na{background:#F1F5F9;color:var(--slate)}\r\n.cdrill .mini-go{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:5px 10px;font-size:11.2px;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue-800);transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .mini-go:hover{background:var(--blue-700);color:#fff;border-color:var(--blue-700)}\r\n.cdrill .lrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(150px,1.2fr) 2.4fr 96px;gap:18px;align-items:center;\r\n  padding:12px 10px;border-radius:9px;transition:background .13s;margin:0 -10px}\r\n.cdrill .lrow:hover{background:#FAFCFF}\r\n.cdrill .lrow+.lrow{border-top:1px solid #F1F5FB}\r\n@media(max-width:620px){.cdrill .lrow{grid-template-columns:1fr auto;row-gap:6px}.cdrill .lrow .ltrack{grid-column:1\/-1}}\r\n.cdrill .lname{font-size:13.4px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.35}\r\n.cdrill .lsub{display:block;font-size:10.8px;font-weight:600;color:var(--slate);margin-top:4px}\r\n.cdrill .ltrack{background:#EEF2F9;border-radius:99px;height:11px;overflow:hidden;\r\n  box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(16,32,74,.05)}\r\n.cdrill .lfill{height:100%;border-radius:99px;transition:width .8s cubic-bezier(.22,.9,.28,1)}\r\n.cdrill .lval{text-align:right;font-size:16px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em}\r\n.cdrill .lval small{display:block;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;color:var(--slate);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;margin-top:2px}\r\n.cdrill .split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:16px}\r\n@media(max-width:860px){.cdrill .split{grid-template-columns:1fr}}\r\n.cdrill .panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:16px 18px}\r\n.cdrill .rev{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;width:100%;text-align:left;background:#FAFBFE;border-left:3px solid var(--gold);\r\n  border-radius:8px;padding:10px 12px;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:12.6px;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .rev:hover{background:var(--gold-bg);transform:translateX(3px)}\r\n.cdrill .rev .n{font-weight:800;color:#8A6206;flex:none}\r\n.cdrill .rev .t{flex:1;color:var(--slate);white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}\r\n.cdrill .rev .d{background:var(--gold);color:#3A2A02;padding:2px 8px;border-radius:99px;font-size:10.2px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.cdrill .danger{border:1px dashed #F3C2C6;border-radius:12px;background:#FFFAFA;padding:16px 18px;\r\n  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.cdrill .danger p{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);flex:1;min-width:220px;line-height:1.6}\r\n.cdrill .danger b{color:var(--bad)}\r\n.cdrill .dbtn{padding:11px 20px;background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #F3C2C6;border-radius:11px;color:var(--bad);\r\n  font-size:13px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap;transition:.15s}\r\n.cdrill .dbtn:hover{background:var(--bad);border-color:var(--bad);color:#fff}\r\n.cdrill .empty{text-align:center;padding:40px 20px;color:var(--slate)}\r\n.cdrill .empty b{display:block;color:var(--ink);font-size:16px;margin-bottom:6px}\r\n.cdrill .toast{position:fixed;bottom:26px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);background:var(--blue-900);color:#fff;\r\n  padding:12px 22px;border-radius:11px;font-weight:700;font-size:13.5px;z-index:9999;display:none;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}\r\n.cdrill .toast.show{display:block}\r\n.cdrill .toast.ok{background:var(--ok)}\r\n\r\n\/* ---------- content protection ---------- *\/\r\n.cdrill{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;\r\n  -webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}\r\n\/* inputs must stay usable, or the search box cannot be edited *\/\r\n.cdrill input,.cdrill textarea,.cdrill select{-webkit-user-select:text;user-select:text}\r\n.cdrill.allow-select{-webkit-user-select:text;user-select:text}\r\n.cdrill img,.cdrill svg{-webkit-user-drag:none;user-drag:none;pointer-events:none}\r\n.cdrill .navtoggle,.cdrill .tab,.cdrill button{-webkit-user-drag:none}\r\n\/* screen obscured while the window is not in front *\/\r\n.cdrill.veiled .qbody,.cdrill.veiled .perf,.cdrill.veiled .chaplist,.cdrill.veiled .yearlist{\r\n  filter:blur(9px);transition:filter .12s}\r\n.cdrill .veilmsg{position:absolute;inset:0;display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;\r\n  background:rgba(244,247,253,.72);z-index:40;font-weight:800;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--blue-900);\r\n  text-align:center;padding:20px;border-radius:var(--r)}\r\n.cdrill.veiled .veilmsg{display:flex}\r\n.cdrill{position:relative}\r\n\/* what a print or PDF export gets instead of the paper *\/\r\n.cdrill-printblock{display:none}\r\n@media print{\r\n  .cdrill{display:none!important}\r\n  .cdrill-printblock{display:block!important;padding:60px 40px;text-align:center;\r\n    font-family:'Plus Jakarta Sans',system-ui,sans-serif;color:#12246E}\r\n  .cdrill-printblock h2{font-size:20px;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 10px}\r\n  .cdrill-printblock p{font-size:13.5px;color:#5B6B85;line-height:1.7;max-width:60ch;margin:0 auto}\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* 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class=\"hstats\">\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hQ\">0<\/b><span>Questions<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hCh\">0<\/b><span>Chapters<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hMastered\">0%<\/b><span>Mastered<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"hstat\"><b class=\"tnum\" id=\"hReady\">\u2014<\/b><span>Readiness<\/span><\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"tabs\" role=\"tablist\">\r\n        <button class=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"quiz\">\u270f\ufe0f Practice<\/button>\r\n        <button class=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"perf\">\ud83d\udcca My Performance <span class=\"pill hide\" id=\"perfPill\">!<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/header>\r\n  <div class=\"goldrule\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"filters\" id=\"cdFilters\">\r\n    <div class=\"wrap\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Filter questions\">\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f\" data-f=\"all\" aria-pressed=\"true\">\ud83d\udccb All questions<span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fAll\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f\" data-f=\"chapter\">\ud83d\udcda By chapter<\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f gold hide\" data-f=\"session\" id=\"pillSession\">\ud83e\udde9 <span id=\"sessLabel\">My session<\/span><span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fSess\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f warn\" data-f=\"weak\">\u26a0\ufe0f Weak areas<span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fWeak\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n      <button class=\"pill-f\" data-f=\"flagged\">\ud83d\udd16 Flagged<span class=\"n tnum\" id=\"fFlag\">0<\/span><\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\r\n    <!-- ============ PRACTICE ============ -->\r\n    <div class=\"grid\" id=\"viewQuiz\">\r\n      <div>\r\n        <div class=\"toolbar\">\r\n          <div class=\"search\">\r\n            <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\"><circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"11\" r=\"7\"\/><path d=\"M20 20l-3.5-3.5\"\/><\/svg>\r\n            <input id=\"cdSearch\" placeholder=\"Search a phrase or a rule number\" aria-label=\"Search questions\">\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <button class=\"tgl\" id=\"tglUn\" aria-pressed=\"false\">\u25fb Unattempted only<\/button>\r\n          <button class=\"tgl\" id=\"tglReset\">\u21ba Reset session<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <section class=\"card chapcard hide\" id=\"chapPanel\">\r\n          <div class=\"chaphead\">\r\n            <b>\ud83d\udcda Filter by chapter<\/b><i id=\"chapHint\"><\/i>\r\n            <span class=\"meta\" id=\"ctxMeta\"><\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"chaplist\" id=\"chapList\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Choose chapter\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n\r\n        <section class=\"card hide\" id=\"emptyCard\">\r\n          <div class=\"qhead\"><span class=\"qcount\">Nothing to show<\/span><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"empty\" id=\"emptyBody\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n\r\n        <section class=\"card\" id=\"qCard\">\r\n          <div class=\"qhead\">\r\n            <span class=\"qcount\" id=\"qCount\">Question 1 of 1<\/span>\r\n            <span class=\"qmeta\">\r\n              <span class=\"badge-m\" id=\"qMastery\">Not seen yet<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"badge-ch\"><span id=\"qChap\">Chapter<\/span><\/span>\r\n              <span id=\"qTags\" class=\"qtags\"><\/span>\r\n            <\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"qbody\">\r\n            <p class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"opts\" id=\"qOpts\"><\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"actions\">\r\n              <button class=\"btn\" id=\"btnCheck\">Check answer<\/button>\r\n              <button class=\"btn ghost\" id=\"btnPrev\">\u2190 Previous<\/button>\r\n              <button class=\"btn ghost\" id=\"btnNext\">Next \u2192<\/button>\r\n              <button class=\"flagbtn\" id=\"btnFlag\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><span id=\"flagIco\">\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f<\/span><span id=\"flagTxt\">Flag for review<\/span><\/button>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <p class=\"hint hide\" id=\"pickHint\">Choose an option above, then check your answer.<\/p>\r\n\r\n            <div id=\"result\" class=\"hide\">\r\n              <div class=\"verdict\" id=\"verdict\"><\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"expl\">\r\n                <div class=\"expl-h\">Source &amp; reasoning<\/div>\r\n                <div id=\"explBody\" class=\"body\"><\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <aside class=\"rail\">\r\n        <section class=\"card\" id=\"navCard\" style=\"padding:0\">\r\n          <div class=\"nav-head\"><b id=\"navTitle\">Navigator<\/b><button class=\"navtoggle\" id=\"navToggle\">Hide<\/button><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"navgrid\" id=\"navGrid\"><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"legend\">\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:var(--ok-bg);border:1.5px solid #8FD3B6\"><\/i>Correct<\/span>\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:var(--bad-bg);border:1.5px solid #F0AEB4\"><\/i>Wrong<\/span>\r\n            <span><i style=\"background:var(--ok)\"><\/i>Mastered<\/span>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n        <div class=\"card\">\r\n          <h3>This session<\/h3>\r\n          <div class=\"score\"><b id=\"sPct\">\u2014<\/b><i id=\"sFrac\">0 of 0 correct<\/i><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"bar\"><i id=\"sBar\" style=\"width:0\"><\/i><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"mini\"><span id=\"sSeen\">0 attempted<\/span><span id=\"sLeft\">0 left here<\/span><\/div>\r\n          <div class=\"streak\" id=\"streak\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"card\">\r\n          <h3 id=\"wHead\">Share on screen<\/h3>\r\n          <div class=\"score\"><b id=\"wPct\" style=\"color:#8A6206\">\u2014<\/b><i id=\"wUnit\">of this bank<\/i><\/div>\r\n          <p style=\"margin:8px 0 0;font-size:12.8px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.55\" id=\"wNote\"><\/p>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"card hide\" id=\"srcCard\">\r\n          <h3>Source text<\/h3>\r\n          <p style=\"margin:9px 0 12px;font-size:12.8px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.55\">Every explanation here is drawn from the full text of the subject. Open it when a citation needs checking.<\/p>\r\n          <a class=\"btn\" id=\"srcLink\" href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"display:block;text-align:center;text-decoration:none\">\ud83d\udcd6 Read the source<\/a>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/aside>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- ============ PERFORMANCE ============ -->\r\n    <div class=\"hide\" id=\"viewPerf\">\r\n      <section class=\"card\" style=\"margin:20px 0 60px\">\r\n        <div class=\"qhead\"><span class=\"qcount\">My Performance<\/span><span class=\"badge-w\" id=\"perfCount\">0 attempted<\/span><\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"perf\" id=\"perfBody\"><\/div>\r\n      <\/section>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"veilmsg\" id=\"veilMsg\">Paused \u2014 bring this window back to the front to continue<\/div>\r\n  <div class=\"toast\" id=\"toast\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"cdrill-printblock\">\r\n  <h2>This test series is not available in print<\/h2>\r\n  <p>The questions, explanations and your progress are licensed for use on\r\n     PromotionExams.com and cannot be printed or saved as a PDF. Please\r\n     work through them on screen.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n\"use strict\";\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   1. CONFIGURATION  \u2190 EDIT PER SUBJECT\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst CFG = {\r\n  quizId : 'subject-chapterwise',   \/\/ unique per subject \u2014 this is the progress key,\r\n                                    \/\/ so change it for every new page you publish\r\n  topic  : 'Budget Manual, 2022 (including Contingency fund of India)',          \/\/ e.g. 'CCS (Conduct) Rules, 1964'\r\n  eyebrow: '',                      \/\/ e.g. 'UPSC SO \/ Steno LDCE \u00b7 Paper II' \u2014 leave blank to hide\r\n  sub    : 'Chapter drills with a planner that builds your next sitting for you.',\r\n\r\n  \/* --- SOURCE PAGE ---------------------------------------------------\r\n     The page on your site that carries the full text of this subject.\r\n     A \"Read the source\" card then appears in the rail. Leave it blank\r\n     and the card disappears.                                            *\/\r\n  sourceUrl   : '',                 \/\/ e.g. 'https:\/\/promotionexams.com\/your-source-page\/'\r\n  sourceLabel : 'full source text', \/\/ shown on the link\r\n\r\n  \/* --- IMPORTANCE ----------------------------------------------------\r\n     You set the importance of each chapter yourself, in chapterImportance\r\n     below. It drives the ranking, the study plan and the planner \u2014 the\r\n     bigger the number, the more of your next sitting that chapter gets.\r\n     It is never described as exam weightage, so it is safe on a subject\r\n     with no previous year papers.\r\n     Leave the whole map empty and the page falls back silently to each\r\n     chapter's share of the bank, and stops mentioning importance at all. *\/\r\n\r\n  masteryThreshold : 3,     \/\/ clean correct answers before a question counts as mastered\r\n  weakThreshold    : 1,     \/\/ wrong attempts before a question is flagged weak\r\n\r\n  priorAccuracy : 0.30,     \/\/ expected-score model: shrink raw accuracy toward this\r\n  priorStrength : 6,\r\n  retention     : { baseDays:3, growth:2.5, riskBelow:0.70 },\r\n\r\n  sessionSize : 25,         \/\/ Focused set\r\n  mockSize    : 50          \/\/ Mock paper\r\n};\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   2. CHAPTER IMPORTANCE  \u2190 you set this by hand\r\n   Keys do NOT have to match your chapter names exactly. Anything that\r\n   starts with a chapter or appendix number is matched on that number\r\n   alone, so 'Ch 2' finds 'CH 2: GENERAL OUTLINES OF THE SYSTEM OF\r\n   ACCOUNTS', and 'Apndx 5' finds 'APPENDIX 5: PRINCIPLES AND RULES...'.\r\n   Chapter, Chap, CH, Ch-2, 2. \u2014 all read the same. For appendices:\r\n   Appendix, Apndx, Appx, Annex, Annexure, in digits or roman numerals.\r\n   A key with no number falls back to a loose text match.\r\n   Numbers are relative: they need NOT total 100. A chapter you leave\r\n   out is given its share of the bank instead and is marked \"not rated\r\n   yet\" in the performance table.\r\n   Empty this map altogether to switch importance off everywhere.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst chapterImportance = {\r\n  'Ch 1' : 30,\r\n  'Ch 2' : 45,\r\n  'Ch 3' : 25\r\n  \/\/ 'Apndx 1' : 25,   \u2190 appendices work the same way\r\n};\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   3. QUESTION BANK  \u2190 PASTE YOUR BANK HERE\r\n   { id, chapter, question, options[], correct, explanation }\r\n     id          unique within its chapter\r\n     chapter     must match a key in chapterImportance exactly\r\n     correct     0-indexed\r\n     explanation may contain HTML; cite the rule or paragraph in <b> tags\r\n   A stem may carry \"\\n1. ...\" statement lines or a \"List-I \/ List-II\"\r\n   block \u2014 both are laid out automatically, and so is a plain stem.\r\n   The three below are only samples so the page renders on first open.\r\n   Delete them.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst chapterQuestions =  [\r\n  {\r\n    id: 1,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding the term 'Budget' is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Constitution expressly defines the Budget in Article 112.\",\r\n      \"The Constitution does not mention the term 'Budget'; Article 112 speaks of the 'Annual Financial Statement'.\",\r\n      \"The term 'Budget' was introduced into the Constitution by the FRBM Act, 2003.\",\r\n      \"The Constitution uses the term 'Budget' in Article 110 but not elsewhere.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 112 \u2013 The Annual Financial Statement<\/b><br>Although the <b>Constitution does not mention the term 'Budget'<\/b>, Article 112 says that the President shall, in respect of every financial year, cause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the Government for that year. <b>This statement is known as the 'Annual Financial Statement'.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 2,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The statement of estimated receipts and expenditure which the President causes to be laid before Parliament in respect of every financial year is required to be laid before\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the House of the People only\",\r\n      \"the Council of States only\",\r\n      \"both the House of the People and the Council of States\",\r\n      \"a joint sitting of both Houses convened for the purpose\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 112 \u2013 Laying Before Both Houses<\/b><br>The Annual Financial Statement is required to be laid before <b>both the Houses of Parliament \u2014 the House of the People (Lok Sabha) and the Council of States (Rajya Sabha)<\/b>. In practice the Budget is laid on the Table of the Rajya Sabha soon after the Finance Minister completes the Budget Speech in the Lok Sabha.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 3,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the financial year in India:\\n1. The financial year for the Union and the State Governments runs from 1st April to 31st March.\\n2. Each financial year is therefore spread over two calendar years.\\n3. This period was introduced in India from 1867.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Indian Financial Year<\/b><br>The financial year for the Union and the State Governments in India is <b>from 1st April to 31st March<\/b>; each financial year is therefore <b>spread over two calendar years<\/b>; and this period was <b>introduced in India from 1867<\/b>. All three statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 4,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Before the present financial year was introduced, the financial year in India used to commence on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st January and end on 31st December\",\r\n      \"1st May and end on 30th April\",\r\n      \"1st July and end on 30th June\",\r\n      \"1st October and end on 30th September\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Pre-1867 Financial Year<\/b><br>Prior to the introduction of the 1st April \u2013 31st March financial year in 1867, <b>the financial year in India used to commence on 1st May and ended on 30th April<\/b>. This is recorded in the L.K. Jha Committee's Report of the Committee on Change in Financial Year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 5,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Report of the Committee on Change in Financial Year, cited in relation to the history of the Indian financial year, is associated with\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"L.K. Jha\",\r\n      \"K. Santhanam\",\r\n      \"C. Rangarajan\",\r\n      \"N.K. Singh\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The L.K. Jha Committee<\/b><br>The history of the change in the Indian financial year \u2014 from 1st May\u201330th April to 1st April\u201331st March in 1867 \u2014 is drawn from the <b>L.K. Jha Committee's Report of the Committee on Change in Financial Year<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  \r\n  {\r\n    id: 7,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The budget preparation process commences with the issue of the 'Budget Circular' detailing instructions for preparing estimates. This circular is issued by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Budget Division in the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretariat\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Budget Circular<\/b><br>The process commences with the <b>Budget Division in the Ministry of Finance issuing the 'Budget Circular'<\/b>, detailing instructions for preparing estimates. The Budget Division, in the Department of Economic Affairs, has the responsibility for preparing the Union Budget.\"\r\n  },\r\n\r\n  {\r\n    id: 9,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the 'Rule of Lapse':\\n1. All appropriations granted by the Parliament expire at the end of the financial year.\\n2. Unspent budget is not available for meeting the demands in the next financial year.\\n3. All unutilized funds within the year lapse at the end of the financial year.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Rule of Lapse<\/b><br>All three statements correctly describe the Rule of Lapse: <b>all appropriations granted by the Parliament expire at the end of the financial year; unspent budget is not available for meeting the demands in the next financial year; and thus all unutilized funds within the year 'lapse' at the end of the financial year<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 10,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"With regard to the preparation of the Budget on a gross or net basis, which one of the following statements is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Budget is prepared only on a gross basis, and no Grant may be shown net.\",\r\n      \"The Budget is prepared only on a net basis, all receipts being deducted from expenditure.\",\r\n      \"The Budget is prepared both on gross basis and net basis, Departments being normally not permitted to utilize receipts or deduct expenditure in their budget proposals.\",\r\n      \"The choice between gross and net basis is left to each Ministry to decide every year.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Budget to be on Gross\/Net Basis<\/b><br>The Budget is prepared <b>both on gross basis and net basis<\/b>. Departments\/Ministries are <b>normally NOT permitted to utilize the receipts or deduct expenditure in their budget proposals<\/b>; net basis of budgeting is done only in the case of some Grants where the departmental receipts are allowed to be utilized.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 11,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Net basis of budgeting, under which departmental receipts are allowed to be utilized, is done in the case of some Grants such as those of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Ministry of Railways and the Department of Posts\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Home Affairs\",\r\n      \"Ministry of External Affairs and the Department of Revenue\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure and the Department of Economic Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Grants Budgeted on a Net Basis<\/b><br>Although Departments\/Ministries are normally not permitted to utilize receipts or deduct expenditure in their budget proposals, <b>net basis of budgeting is done in the case of some Grants, e.g. the Ministry of Railways and the Department of Posts, where the departmental receipts are allowed to be utilized<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 12,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The requirement that the form of the budget estimates should correspond to that of Government accounts is prescribed because\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General insists upon a uniform form of presentation\",\r\n      \"it is from these accounts that the performance of the Government is judged and estimation for the subsequent year made\",\r\n      \"the Constitution requires the two forms to be identical\",\r\n      \"the Estimates Committee is empowered to prescribe the form of accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Form of Estimates to Correspond to Accounts<\/b><br>It is essential that the form of the budget estimates corresponds to that of Government accounts <b>as it is from these accounts that the performance of the Government is judged and estimation for the subsequent year made<\/b>. This is one of the salient features of the Union Budget.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 13,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Under the feature 'Estimates to be on Departmental Basis', the general rule regarding the allocation of Demands is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"one Demand or Grant is allocated in respect of each Ministry\/Department, though certain large Ministries\/Departments are allocated more than one\",\r\n      \"one Demand is allocated for every scheme of a Ministry\",\r\n      \"a single Demand covers all Ministries falling within the same Sector\",\r\n      \"the number of Demands is fixed by the Estimates Committee each year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Estimates on a Departmental Basis<\/b><br>Every Department prepares estimates for receipts and expenditure separately. <b>Generally, one Demand or Grant is allocated in respect of each Ministry\/Department; in the case of certain large Departments\/Ministries more than one Demand for Grants is allocated.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 14,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget is presented to the Parliament in such form as the Finance Ministry may decide after considering the suggestions (if any) of which parliamentary committee\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"Estimates Committee\",\r\n      \"Committee on Public Undertakings\",\r\n      \"Business Advisory Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Form of the Budget<\/b><br>The Budget is presented to the Parliament in such form as the Finance Ministry may decide <b>after considering the suggestions (if any) of the ESTIMATES COMMITTEE<\/b>. This is consistent with one of that Committee's functions \u2014 to suggest the form in which the estimates shall be presented to Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 15,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the years covered by the Budget documents:\\n1. Budget Estimates of receipts and expenditure are given in respect of the current and ensuing financial years.\\n2. For the current year, Revised Estimates are also given.\\n3. Actuals of the year preceding the current year are also reflected.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of the Budget \u2013 Three Consecutive Years<\/b><br>The Budget documents depict <b>Budget Estimates (BE) of receipts and expenditure in respect of the current and ensuing financial years; for the current year, Revised Estimates (RE); and, in addition, Actuals of the year preceding the current year<\/b>. The Budget thus sets forth the receipts and the expenditure of the Government for <b>three consecutive years<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 16,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Annual Financial Statement shows the receipts and expenditure of Government in three separate parts under which Government accounts are maintained. These are the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Revenue Account, Capital Account and Loan Account\",\r\n      \"Consolidated Fund of India, Contingency Fund of India and the Public Account\",\r\n      \"Consolidated Fund of India, Public Account and Cash Balance\",\r\n      \"Union Account, State Account and Union Territory Account\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Parts of Government Accounts<\/b><br>The Annual Financial Statement shows the receipts and expenditure of Government in three separate parts under which Government accounts are maintained, viz. <b>(i) the Consolidated Fund of India, (ii) the Contingency Fund of India and (iii) the Public Account<\/b>. Revenue and Capital accounts are divisions within this framework, not separate parts.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 17,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Under the Constitutional provision governing the Annual Financial Statement, the Statement has to distinguish\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"voted expenditure from charged expenditure\",\r\n      \"expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure\",\r\n      \"Union expenditure from State expenditure\",\r\n      \"scheme expenditure from establishment expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 112 \u2013 Revenue Account to be Distinguished<\/b><br>As per Constitutional provisions, <b>the Annual Financial Statement has to distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure<\/b>. It therefore includes (i) a Revenue account and (ii) a Capital account. Expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and not subject to the vote of Parliament is separately indicated in the Budget.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 18,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of receipts in the Budget are classified into\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"tax receipts and non-tax receipts only\",\r\n      \"tax receipts, non-tax receipts and capital receipts, both Debt and Non-Debt\",\r\n      \"revenue receipts and grants-in-aid only\",\r\n      \"Debt receipts and Non-Debt receipts only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Classification of Receipts<\/b><br>Estimates of receipts are classified into <b>tax receipts, non-tax receipts and capital receipts (both Debt and Non-Debt)<\/b>, and also into those which are on revenue account and others which are on capital account.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 19,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following Budget documents are mandated by the Constitution of India?\\n1. Annual Financial Statement\\n2. Demands for Grants\\n3. Finance Bill\\n4. Macro-Economic Framework Statement\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Constitutionally Mandated Budget Documents<\/b><br>The <b>Annual Financial Statement, the Demands for Grants and the Finance Bill are mandated by Articles 112, 113 and 110(a) of the Constitution respectively<\/b>. The <b>Macro-Economic Framework Statement<\/b>, by contrast, is presented under the provisions of the <b>Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003<\/b>, not the Constitution.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 20,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Annual Financial Statement\\nB. Demands for Grants\\nC. Finance Bill\\nD. Macro-Economic Framework Statement\\nList-II\\n1. Article 113 of the Constitution\\n2. Section 3 of the FRBM Act, 2003\\n3. Article 112 of the Constitution\\n4. Article 110(a) of the Constitution\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Source of Authority for the Mandated Budget Documents<\/b><br>The <b>Annual Financial Statement is mandated by Article 112<\/b>, the <b>Demands for Grants by Article 113<\/b> and the <b>Finance Bill by Article 110(a)<\/b> of the Constitution, while the <b>Macro-Economic Framework Statement is presented to Parliament under Section 3 of the FRBM Act, 2003<\/b> and the rules made thereunder. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 21,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following Budget documents is in the nature of an explanatory statement supporting the mandated documents, rather than a Constitutionally or statutorily mandated document?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Annual Financial Statement\",\r\n      \"Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"Budget at a Glance\",\r\n      \"Medium-Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Mandated versus Explanatory Documents<\/b><br>The Annual Financial Statement, Demands for Grants and Finance Bill are Constitutionally mandated, and the two FRBM Statements are statutorily mandated. The remaining documents \u2014 <b>Expenditure Budget, Receipt Budget, Expenditure Profile, BUDGET AT A GLANCE, Memorandum Explaining the Provisions in the Finance Bill, Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework, Key Features of Budget, Implementation of Budget Announcements and Key to Budget documents \u2014 are in the nature of explanatory statements<\/b> supporting the mandated documents.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 22,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Annual Financial Statement:\\n1. Statement I relates to the Consolidated Fund of India and shows Revenue Account receipts and disbursements and Capital Account receipts and disbursements.\\n2. Statement IA gives details of disbursements 'Charged' on the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n3. Statement II provides details on the net position relating to the transactions under the Contingency Fund of India.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Structure of the Annual Financial Statement<\/b><br><b>Statement I \u2013 Consolidated Fund of India<\/b>, covering (i) Revenue Account-Receipts, (ii) Revenue Account-Disbursements, (iii) Capital Account-Receipts and (iv) Capital Account-Disbursements; <b>Statement IA \u2013 Disbursements Charged on the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b>; and <b>Statement II \u2013 Contingency Fund of India<\/b>, giving the net position of transactions under that Fund. All three statements are correct. Statement III relates to the Public Account of India.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 23,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The statement in the Annual Financial Statement which gives budgetary details of tax and non-tax revenues along with budgeted expenditure provisions against Revenue, Capital and Loans and Advances heads for certain Union Territories relates to Union Territories\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"with Legislature\",\r\n      \"without Legislature\",\r\n      \"administered by a Lieutenant Governor\",\r\n      \"both with and without Legislature\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Statement on Union Territories without Legislature<\/b><br>The Annual Financial Statement includes a <b>Statement on Receipts and expenditure of Union Territories WITHOUT Legislature<\/b>, giving budgetary details of their tax and non-tax revenues along with budgeted expenditure provisions against Revenue, Capital and Loans and Advances heads. Separately, in the Demands for Grants, a separate Demand is presented for each such Union Territory.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 24,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The estimates of receipts and expenditure included in the Annual Financial Statement are for amounts which are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"gross, that is, before refunds and recoveries\",\r\n      \"net of refunds and recoveries\",\r\n      \"net of recoveries but gross of refunds\",\r\n      \"gross for receipts and net for expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Annual Financial Statement \u2013 Net of Refunds and Recoveries<\/b><br>The estimates of receipts and expenditure included in the Annual Financial Statement are <b>for expenditure NET of refunds and recoveries<\/b>. This is to be contrasted with the Demands for Grants, where the estimates of expenditure are for <b>gross<\/b> amounts, the receipts and recoveries taken in reduction of expenditure being shown by way of below-the-line entries.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 25,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Constitutional provision which mandates that the estimates of expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India included in the Annual Financial Statement and required to be voted by the Lok Sabha be submitted in the form of Demands for Grants is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 110\",\r\n      \"Article 112\",\r\n      \"Article 113\",\r\n      \"Article 114\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 113 \u2013 Demands for Grants<\/b><br><b>Article 113 of the Constitution mandates that the estimates of expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India included in the Annual Financial Statement and required to be voted by the Lok Sabha be submitted in the form of Demands for Grants.<\/b> The Demands for Grants are presented to the Lok Sabha along with the Annual Financial Statement.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 26,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The serial number of the Demands for Grants and their coverage are decided by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretariat\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Numbering and Coverage of Demands<\/b><br>Keeping in view the need for clarity, <b>the serial number of Demands for Grants and their coverage are decided by the BUDGET DIVISION<\/b>. Generally one Demand for Grant is presented in respect of each Ministry or Department, though more than one may be presented depending on the nature of expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 27,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"In the Demands for Grants, the estimates are shown by Major Heads, and the break-up under each Major Head shows the estimates under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"'charged' and 'voted', and 'Revenue' and 'Capital'\",\r\n      \"'Plan' and 'Non-Plan' only\",\r\n      \"'Establishment' and 'Scheme' only\",\r\n      \"'Debt' and 'Non-Debt' only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Presentation of Estimates in the Demands for Grants<\/b><br>The estimates in the Demands for Grants are shown by <b>Major Heads<\/b>, and the break-up under each Major Head shows the estimates under <b>'charged' and 'voted', and 'Revenue' and 'Capital'<\/b>. Each demand normally includes the total provisions required for a service \u2014 revenue expenditure, capital expenditure, grants to States and Union Territories and loans and advances relating to that service.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 28,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Where there is no estimate for expenditure under any head requiring the vote of the Lok Sabha, the item is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"still called a Demand and included in the list of Demands\",\r\n      \"not called a Demand but an 'Appropriation', and included as such in the list of Demands\",\r\n      \"omitted altogether from the Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"shown only in the Detailed Demands for Grants\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>'Demand' versus 'Appropriation'<\/b><br>The estimates of expenditure in the Demands for Grants contain those amounts for which the vote of Lok Sabha is required separately, called 'voted' expenditure; the estimate for 'charged' expenditure under any head for which the vote of the Lok Sabha is not required is also indicated. <b>When there is no estimate for expenditure under any head requiring the vote of the Lok Sabha, it is not called a Demand but an 'APPROPRIATION', and is included as such in the list of Demands.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 29,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"With respect to Union Territories without Legislature, the position regarding the Demands for Grants is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a single consolidated Demand is presented covering all such Union Territories\",\r\n      \"a separate Demand is presented for each of such Union Territories\",\r\n      \"no Demand is presented, their expenditure being met from the Contingency Fund\",\r\n      \"their expenditure is included in the Demand of the Ministry of Home Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Demands for Union Territories without Legislature<\/b><br>Generally one Demand for Grant is presented in respect of each Ministry or Department; however, <b>with respect to Union Territories without Legislature, a SEPARATE Demand is presented for EACH of such Union Territories<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 30,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Finance Bill:\\n1. It is presented at the time of presentation of the Annual Financial Statement before the Parliament.\\n2. It details the imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of taxes proposed in the Budget.\\n3. It is a Money Bill as defined in Article 110 of the Constitution.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Finance Bill<\/b><br>At the time of presentation of the Annual Financial Statement before the Parliament, a Finance Bill is also presented in fulfilment of the requirement of <b>Article 110(1)(a)<\/b>, <b>detailing the imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of taxes proposed in the Budget<\/b>. It also contains other provisions relating to the Budget that could be classified as a Money Bill, and <b>a Finance Bill IS a Money Bill as defined in Article 110<\/b>. All three statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 31,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Macro-Economic Framework Statement contains an assessment of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the growth prospects of the economy, along with the statement of specific underlying assumptions\",\r\n      \"the three-year rolling targets for six specific fiscal indicators\",\r\n      \"the outputs and outcomes of Central Sector Schemes\",\r\n      \"the arrears of non-tax revenue and tax revenue raised but not realized\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Macro-Economic Framework Statement<\/b><br>Presented to Parliament under <b>Section 3 of the FRBM Act, 2003<\/b> and the rules made thereunder, it contains <b>an assessment of the growth prospects of the economy along with the statement of specific underlying assumptions<\/b>. It also contains an assessment regarding the GDP growth rate, the domestic economy and the stability of the external sector, the fiscal balance of the Central Government and the external sector balance of the economy.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 32,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Medium-Term Fiscal Policy Statement cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement sets out three-year rolling targets for how many specific fiscal indicators in relation to GDP at market prices?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Three\",\r\n      \"Four\",\r\n      \"Five\",\r\n      \"Six\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Six Fiscal Indicators<\/b><br>The Statement sets out the three-year rolling targets for <b>SIX specific fiscal indicators in relation to GDP at market prices, namely (i) Fiscal Deficit, (ii) Revenue Deficit, (iii) Primary Deficit, (iv) Tax Revenue, (v) Non-tax Revenue and (vi) Central Government Debt<\/b>. It also includes the underlying assumptions, an assessment of the balance between revenue receipts and revenue expenditure, and the use of capital receipts including market borrowings for the creation of productive assets.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 33,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are among the six fiscal indicators for which three-year rolling targets are set out in the Medium-Term Fiscal Policy Statement cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement?\\n1. Primary Deficit\\n2. Non-tax Revenue\\n3. Central Government Debt\\n4. Gross Domestic Savings\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Enumerated Indicators<\/b><br>The six indicators are <b>Fiscal Deficit, Revenue Deficit, Primary Deficit, Tax Revenue, Non-tax Revenue and Central Government Debt<\/b>. <b>'Gross Domestic Savings' is not among them<\/b>, so Statement 4 is incorrect.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 34,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget document which is also known as the Statement of Budget Estimates is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Receipts Budget\",\r\n      \"Expenditure Budget\",\r\n      \"Expenditure Profile\",\r\n      \"Budget at a Glance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Expenditure Budget \/ Statement of Budget Estimates<\/b><br>To understand the objectives underlying the expenditure proposed in the Demands for Grants, a brief description of the various items of expenditure on major programmes is included in the <b>Expenditure Budget, which is also known as the Statement of Budget Estimates (SBE)<\/b>. In it, the estimates made for a scheme\/programme are brought together and shown on a <b>net basis<\/b> on Revenue and Capital basis at one place.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 35,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"In the Expenditure Budget, the expenditure of individual Ministries\/Departments is classified under two broad Umbrellas, namely\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Plan Expenditure and Non-Plan Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Revenue Expenditure and Capital Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Centres' Expenditures and Transfers to States\/Union Territories\",\r\n      \"Charged Expenditure and Voted Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Two Umbrellas of the Expenditure Budget<\/b><br>Expenditure of individual Ministries\/Departments is classified under two broad Umbrellas \u2014 <b>(i) Centres' Expenditures and (ii) Transfers to States\/Union Territories (UTs)<\/b>. The Plan\/Non-Plan distinction is no longer relevant, the Expenditure Profile itself having been recast in line with the decision to merge Plan and Non-Plan expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 36,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Under the Umbrella of 'Centres' Expenditure' in the Expenditure Budget, the three sub-classifications are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Establishment expenditure of the Centre; Central Sector Schemes; and Other Central Expenditure including that on Central Public Sector Enterprises and Autonomous Bodies\",\r\n      \"Centrally Sponsored Schemes; Finance Commission Transfers; and Other Transfers to States\",\r\n      \"Revenue Expenditure; Capital Expenditure; and Loans and Advances\",\r\n      \"Salaries; Subsidies; and Interest Payments\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Sub-classifications under Centres' Expenditure<\/b><br>The three sub-classifications are <b>(a) Establishment expenditure of the Centre, (b) Central Sector Schemes and (c) Other Central Expenditure including those on Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) and Autonomous Bodies<\/b>. The three listed in option (b) \u2014 Centrally Sponsored Scheme, Finance Commission Transfers and Other Transfers to States \u2014 belong to the other Umbrella, 'Transfers to States\/UTs'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 37,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Receipts Budget \u2013 Part A\\nB. Receipts Budget \u2013 Part B\\nC. Budget at a Glance\\nD. Expenditure Profile\\nList-II\\n1. Earlier called the Expenditure Budget Vol-I, recast on merger of Plan and Non-Plan expenditure\\n2. Asset and Liability statements\\n3. Abstract of all types of receipts along with their break-up and explanatory notes\\n4. Revenue deficit, gross primary deficit and gross fiscal deficit of the Central Government\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Contents of the Explanatory Budget Documents<\/b><br>The Receipts Budget has two parts \u2014 <b>Part A contains the abstract of all types of receipts along with their break-up and explanatory notes<\/b>, with statements on Tax, Non-Tax Revenue and Capital (Debt and Non-Debt) Receipts; <b>Part B contains statements of different types of assets and liabilities<\/b>. <b>Budget at a Glance<\/b> shows, among other things, the revenue deficit, the gross primary deficit and the gross fiscal deficit; and the <b>Expenditure Profile<\/b> was earlier called the Expenditure Budget Vol-I. Hence A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 38,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The statements on Annuity Projects, Arrears of Non-Tax Revenue, Tax revenue raised but not realized, and Assets and Guarantees, included in Part B of the Receipts Budget, are mandated under the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"FRBM Rules, 2004\",\r\n      \"Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961\",\r\n      \"Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Part B of the Receipts Budget<\/b><br>Part B contains statements of different types of assets and liabilities in the context of the overall financial position of Government. The statements on <b>Annuity Projects, Arrears of Non-Tax Revenue, Tax revenue raised but not realized, and Assets and Guarantees are mandated under the FRBM Rules, 2004<\/b>. The statements are prepared on the basis of inputs given by Ministries\/Departments.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 39,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework is prepared for Central Sector Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes with a financial outlay of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 100 crore or more\",\r\n      \"rupees 250 crore or more\",\r\n      \"rupees 500 crore or more\",\r\n      \"rupees 1,000 crore or more\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework (OOMF)<\/b><br>The OOMF for Central Sector Schemes (CSs) and Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSSs) with a financial outlay of <b>\u20b9500 crore or more<\/b> is prepared by the respective Ministries\/Departments, and is presented in the Parliament along with the Budget as a <b>consolidated statement<\/b>. It has clearly defined outputs and outcomes with measurable indicators and specific targets for the ensuing financial year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 40,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The document indicating the action taken and action in progress on the announcements made in the Budget of previous years reflects the position updated to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"first week of January of the reporting year\",\r\n      \"last week of December of the preceding year\",\r\n      \"first week of February of the reporting year\",\r\n      \"close of the preceding financial year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Status of Implementation of Budget Announcements<\/b><br>This document indicates the action taken and the action in progress on the announcements made in the Budget of previous years, and <b>the position reflected is updated to the FIRST WEEK OF JANUARY of the reporting year<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 41,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Detailed Demands for Grants are laid on the Table of the Lok Sabha\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"along with the Annual Financial Statement on the day of Budget presentation\",\r\n      \"after the presentation of the Budget but before discussion on Demands for Grants commences\",\r\n      \"after the Demands for Grants have been voted and passed\",\r\n      \"after the Appropriation Bill has been passed\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Detailed Demands for Grants<\/b><br>The Detailed Demands for Grants are prepared by the Ministries\/Departments on the basis of the provisions made in the Demands for Grants, and are <b>laid on the Table of the Lok Sabha AFTER the presentation of the Budget but BEFORE discussion on Demands for Grants commences<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 42,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Detailed Demands for Grants show a further break-up by objects of expenditure, and provisions of programmes or organizations are shown individually where the provision is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees ten thousand or more\",\r\n      \"rupees one lakh or more\",\r\n      \"rupees ten lakh or more\",\r\n      \"rupees one crore or more\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Threshold in the Detailed Demands for Grants<\/b><br>The Detailed Demands show a further break-up by objects of expenditure, and <b>provisions of programmes\/organizations for which the provision is RUPEES ONE LAKH OR MORE are shown individually<\/b>. The estimates are followed by details of recoveries taken in reduction of expenditure in the accounts.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 43,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"In both the Demands for Grants and the Detailed Demands for Grants, totals are shown Major Head wise and Section wise with reference to\\n1. Total provision.\\n2. Charged provision.\\n3. Voted provision.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Totals in the Demands and Detailed Demands<\/b><br>In both the Demands for Grants and the Detailed Demands for Grants, totals are shown <b>Major Head wise and Section wise (Revenue and Capital Sections)<\/b>, with reference to <b>(i) Total provision, (ii) Charged provision and (iii) Voted provision<\/b>. All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 44,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The merger of the Railway Budget with the General Budget was implemented from the Budget for the financial year\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2015-16\",\r\n      \"2016-17\",\r\n      \"2017-18\",\r\n      \"2018-19\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Merger of the Rail Budget<\/b><br>Merger of the Railway Budget with the General Budget was one of the landmark budgetary reforms <b>implemented from the Budget for FY 2017-18<\/b>. Consequent to the merger, the appropriations for Railways are now part of the main Appropriation Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 45,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the separate Railway Budget:\\n1. Its presentation started in the year 1924.\\n2. After independence it continued as a convention rather than under Constitutional provisions.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Origin of the Separate Railway Budget<\/b><br>The presentation of a separate Railway budget <b>started in the year 1924<\/b> and <b>continued after independence as a CONVENTION rather than under Constitutional provisions<\/b>. Both statements are correct \u2014 which is why its discontinuance did not require a Constitutional amendment.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 46,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following formed part of the administrative and financial arrangements approved by the Cabinet for the merger of the Railway Budget with the General Budget?\\n1. The Railways continue to maintain their distinct entity as a departmentally run commercial undertaking.\\n2. The Railways retain their functional autonomy and delegation of financial powers.\\n3. The Capital at charge of the Railways was wiped off.\\n4. The Ministry of Railways gets Gross Budgetary Support towards meeting part of its capital expenditure.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Cabinet-approved Arrangements for the Merger<\/b><br>All four formed part of the approved arrangements \u2014 <b>the Railways continue to maintain their distinct entity as a departmentally run commercial undertaking; retain functional autonomy and delegation of financial powers; the existing financial arrangements continue, the Railways meeting all their revenue expenditure, including ordinary working expenses, pay and allowances and pensions, from their revenue receipts; the Capital at charge of the Railways was wiped off; and the Ministry of Railways gets Gross Budgetary Support towards meeting part of its capital expenditure as in the past<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 47,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"With the merger of the Railway Budget with the General Budget, the number of Demands for Grants operated by the Railways has been reduced\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"from 16 to 1\",\r\n      \"from 12 to 2\",\r\n      \"from 8 to 1\",\r\n      \"from 16 to 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reduction in the Number of Railway Demands<\/b><br>With this specific reform, <b>the number of Demands for Grants operated by the Railways has been reduced from 16 to 1<\/b>. The scrutiny of Railway Estimates is now made in the Ministry of Finance during the mid-year review, with focus on optimal utilisation of resources and railway infrastructure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 48,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding the merger of the Railway Budget with the General Budget is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The presentation of a unified budget brings the affairs of the Railways to centre stage and presents a holistic picture of the financial position of the Government.\",\r\n      \"A formal and public presentation of the railway budget had created pressure for large public announcements on new trains and projects without detailed analysis of their need or financial viability.\",\r\n      \"The Railways ceased to be a departmentally run commercial undertaking on the merger.\",\r\n      \"The scrutiny of Railway Estimates is made in the Ministry of Finance during the mid-year review.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Railways Retain Their Distinct Entity<\/b><br>One of the express arrangements approved by the Cabinet was that <b>the Railways CONTINUE to maintain their distinct entity as a departmentally run commercial undertaking as at present<\/b> \u2014 so option (c) is incorrect. The other statements correctly describe the rationale and consequences of the merger.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 49,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Parliamentary control over the public purse in India is outlined by which of the following Articles of the Constitution?\\n1. Article 265\\n2. Article 266\\n3. Article 112\\n4. Article 114\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Constitutional Basis of Parliamentary Financial Control<\/b><br><b>Articles 265, 266, 112 and 114<\/b> of the Constitution outline the mechanism for parliamentary control over the public purse. They provide that <b>no tax shall be levied or collected except by authority of law; no expenditure can be incurred except with the authorization of the Legislature; and the President shall, in respect of every financial year, cause to be laid before Parliament the 'Annual Financial Statement'<\/b>. All four are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 50,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"According to the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha, the Budget is presented to Parliament on such date as is decided by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Speaker\",\r\n      \"President\",\r\n      \"Prime Minister\",\r\n      \"Finance Minister\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Date of Presentation<\/b><br>According to <b>Article 204(1) of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha, the Budget is presented to Parliament on such date as decided by the PRESIDENT<\/b>. In practice the Budget is presented at 11.00 am on the 1st February or any other date as decided by the Government.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 51,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The President's approval for the presentation of the Budget is obtained by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Finance Secretary\",\r\n      \"Secretary General, Lok Sabha Secretariat, after the Speaker agrees to the date suggested by the Government\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretary, after the Prime Minister approves the date\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretary (Budget), Department of Economic Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Obtaining the President's Approval<\/b><br>The President's approval for Budget presentation is obtained by the <b>Secretary General, Lok Sabha Secretariat, after the Speaker agrees to the date suggested by the Government before the commencement of the Budget Session<\/b>. After the President's approval, Members are informed of the date and time of presentation through the <b>Lok Sabha\/Rajya Sabha Bulletin Part-II<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 52,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"In the year when General Elections to the Lok Sabha are held, the Budget may be presented\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"only once, for the full financial year, by the new Government\",\r\n      \"twice \u2014 first to secure a Vote on Account for a few months and later for the full financial year\",\r\n      \"three times, corresponding to each quarter of the election period\",\r\n      \"only after the new Lok Sabha is constituted\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Budget in a General Election Year<\/b><br>In the year when General Elections to the Lok Sabha are held, <b>the Budget may be presented TWICE \u2014 first to secure a Vote on Account for a few months, and later for the full financial year<\/b>. After the advancement of the budget cycle from the last day of February, the Vote on Account is presented in the election year when the interim Budget is presented.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 53,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Before the presentation of the Budget, the President's recommendation for the introduction and consideration in the Lok Sabha of the Finance Bill and the Appropriation Bill (General) is obtained under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Articles 112 and 113\",\r\n      \"Articles 117(1) and 117(3)\",\r\n      \"Articles 110 and 114\",\r\n      \"Articles 265 and 266\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The President's Recommendation<\/b><br>Before presentation of the Budget, the President's recommendation is obtained <b>under Article 117(1) and 117(3)<\/b> for introduction and consideration in the Lok Sabha of <b>(a) the Finance Bill (along with recommendation under Article 274) and (b) the Appropriation Bill (General)<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 54,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The recommendation obtained in addition to that under Article 117, specifically in respect of the Finance Bill, is under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 110\",\r\n      \"Article 265\",\r\n      \"Article 274\",\r\n      \"Article 280\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 274 and the Finance Bill<\/b><br>The President's recommendation under Articles 117(1) and 117(3) is obtained for the Finance Bill <b>along with the recommendation under Article 274<\/b>. The Appropriation Bill (General), by contrast, requires only the Article 117 recommendation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 55,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The President's approval for the Budget is obtained through a 'Summary for the President' along with documents on\\n1. Annual Financial Statement.\\n2. Finance Bill.\\n3. Demands for Grants.\\n4. Statements required to be laid under the FRBM Act, 2003.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The 'Summary for the President'<\/b><br>The President's approval for the Budget is obtained through the 'Summary for the President' along with the documents on <b>(i) Annual Financial Statement, (ii) Finance Bill, (iii) Demands for Grants and (iv) Statements required to be laid under the FRBM Act, 2003<\/b>. The Summary also includes the direct and indirect tax proposals and miscellaneous financial provisions proposed through the Finance Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 56,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The 'Summary for the President' is approved by which authorities before being taken for the President's approval?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Finance Secretary and the Cabinet Secretary\",\r\n      \"The Finance Minister and the Prime Minister\",\r\n      \"The Finance Minister alone\",\r\n      \"The Speaker and the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Approval of the Summary Note<\/b><br>The summary note is <b>approved by the Finance Minister and the Prime Minister before being taken for the President's approval<\/b>, normally in the morning of the date on which the Budget is presented to Parliament. By contrast, the 'Summary for the Cabinet' is approved by the Finance Minister alone.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 57,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The 'Summary for the Cabinet', outlining in brief the Revised Estimates proposals, the Budget proposals for the ensuing year and the estimated receipts, is prepared by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Office of the Finance Secretary\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The 'Summary for the Cabinet'<\/b><br>Immediately prior to the presentation of the Budget in Parliament, the Finance Minister briefs the Cabinet on the Budget proposals and the Finance Bill. The <b>BUDGET DIVISION prepares the 'Summary for the Cabinet'<\/b>, outlining the Revised Estimates proposals, the Budget proposals for the ensuing year, the estimated receipts including direct and indirect tax proposals and miscellaneous financial provisions, and a brief on compliance with the relevant provisions of the FRBM Act and Rules.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 58,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the presentation of the Budget:\\n1. The Budget is laid on the Table of the Rajya Sabha soon after the Finance Minister has completed the budget speech in the Lok Sabha.\\n2. No discussion takes place on the day the Budget is presented.\\n3. Sets of Budget papers are supplied to Members after the Budget has been presented through electronic\/digital mode.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Budget Presentation in the Two Houses<\/b><br>All three statements are correct \u2014 the Budget is <b>laid on the Table of the Rajya Sabha soon after the Finance Minister completes the budget speech in the Lok Sabha; NO discussion takes place on the day the Budget is presented; and sets of Budget papers are supplied to Members after presentation through electronic\/digital mode<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 59,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"How many copies of the Finance Minister's speech are provided to the Secretary General, Lok Sabha from the Official Gallery as soon as the Finance Minister starts reading the speech?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Two\",\r\n      \"Five\",\r\n      \"Ten\",\r\n      \"Eighteen\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Copies of the Budget Speech<\/b><br><b>Five copies of the Finance Minister's speech are provided to the Secretary General, Lok Sabha from the Official Gallery as soon as the Finance Minister starts reading the same.<\/b> (The figure of eighteen copies relates to the Statement of Budget Estimates forwarded by Financial Advisers \u2014 a different requirement.)\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 60,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The dates for the General Discussion on the Budget are fixed by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs in consultation with the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Business Advisory Committee of the Lok Sabha alone\",\r\n      \"Speaker in consultation with the Leader of the Opposition\",\r\n      \"Budget Division of the Ministry of Finance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Fixing the Dates for General Discussion<\/b><br>The <b>Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs, in consultation with the Ministry of Finance, fixes the dates for General Discussions on the Budget<\/b>, subsequent to the day of presentation. The Business Advisory Committee, by contrast, decides the time table for the later stage \u2014 the discussion and voting on individual Demands for Grants.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 61,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the General Discussion on the Budget:\\n1. The House is at liberty to discuss the budget as a whole or any question of principle involved therein.\\n2. A motion may be moved at the time of General Discussion.\\n3. The Budget is submitted to the vote of the House after the General Discussion.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of the General Discussion<\/b><br>The House is at liberty to discuss the budget as a whole or any question of principle involved therein (Statement 1 correct); but <b>NO motion can be moved at the time of General Discussion<\/b> (Statement 2 incorrect) <b>nor is the Budget submitted to the vote of the House after the General Discussion<\/b> (Statement 3 incorrect). The Finance Minister has a right of reply at the end of the discussions, the scope of which is confined to general examination of the Budget, the policy on taxation as expressed in the Budget Speech, and general schemes and structures.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 62,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Officers of which rank and above are assigned to cover the general discussions on the Budget and the Finance Bill in both Houses of Parliament?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Under Secretaries\",\r\n      \"Deputy Secretaries\",\r\n      \"Directors\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretaries\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Coverage of Parliamentary Discussions<\/b><br><b>Officers not below the rank of Under Secretaries are assigned to cover general discussions on the Budget and Finance Bill in both the Houses of Parliament.<\/b> They report important points to their Heads of Divisions\/Heads of Departments for preparing 'Notes' thereon, which are prepared promptly and submitted to the Finance Minister.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 63,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the 'Notes' prepared on the points raised during parliamentary discussions on the Budget:\\n1. They are submitted to the Finance Minister and should in no case be deferred to the following day if the discussion is not concluded on that day.\\n2. A specimen of the form to be used for submitting 'Notes' is part of the Handbook of Parliamentary Procedure issued by the Ministry of Finance.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Preparation and Submission of 'Notes'<\/b><br>Such Notes are prepared promptly and <b>submitted to the Finance Minister, and should in no case be deferred to the following day if the discussion is not concluded on that day<\/b>; 'Gist of Points' raised during the day are also required to be submitted to the Finance Minister. <b>A specimen of the form to be used is part of Annexure I of the Handbook of Parliamentary Procedure, issued by the Ministry of Finance.<\/b> Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 64,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The uncorrected version of the verbatim record of the Proceedings of both the Houses is uploaded on the same day or the following day by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Parliament Cell\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs\",\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Uploading of the Verbatim Record<\/b><br><b>The Parliament Cell uploads the uncorrected version of the verbatim record of Proceedings of both the Houses on the same day or the following day.<\/b> This complements the system of 'Notes' and 'Gist of Points' submitted to the Finance Minister.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 65,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"After the General Discussion, the Demands for Grants of individual Ministries and Departments are taken up in the Lok Sabha for discussion according to a time table decided at the meeting of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Estimates Committee\",\r\n      \"Business Advisory Committee of the House\",\r\n      \"Committee on Public Undertakings\",\r\n      \"General Purposes Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Time Table for Discussion of Demands<\/b><br>After the General Discussion, the Demands for Grants of individual Ministries\/Departments are taken up in the Lok Sabha for discussion <b>according to a time table decided at the meeting of the BUSINESS ADVISORY COMMITTEE of the House<\/b>, and are voted upon.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 66,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Disapproval of Policy Cut\\nB. Economy Cut\\nC. Token Cut\\nD. Guillotine\\nList-II\\n1. That the amount of the demand be reduced by Rs. 100\\n2. Putting all outstanding Demands for Grants to the vote of the House on the last day of discussion\\n3. That the amount of the demand be reduced to Rs. 1\\n4. That the amount of the demand be reduced by a specified amount\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Cut Motions and the Guillotine<\/b><br>A <b>Disapproval of Policy Cut<\/b> is moved by saying 'that the amount of the demand be reduced to Rs. 1', representing disapproval of the policy underlying the demand; an <b>Economy Cut<\/b> by saying 'that the amount of the demand be reduced by a specified amount', representing the economy that can be effected; and a <b>Token Cut<\/b> by saying 'that the amount of the demand be reduced by Rs. 100' to ventilate a specific grievance. The <b>Guillotine<\/b> is the process by which the Speaker puts all outstanding Demands to the vote of the House on the last day of discussion. Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 67,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of a Disapproval of Policy Cut, the Member giving notice\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"need not specify the policy proposed to be discussed\",\r\n      \"indicates in precise terms the particulars of the policy which he\/she proposes to discuss, and is open to advocate an alternative policy\",\r\n      \"may discuss any grievance falling within the sphere of responsibility of the Government of India\",\r\n      \"must indicate the lump sum reduction proposed in the Demand\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Disapproval of Policy Cut<\/b><br>The Member giving notice of a 'Disapproval of Policy Cut' <b>indicates in precise terms the particulars of the policy which he\/she proposes to discuss<\/b>. The discussion is confined to the specific points mentioned in the notice, and <b>it is open to the Member to advocate an alternative policy<\/b>. Ventilating a specific grievance is the object of a Token Cut, while indicating the lump sum reduction belongs to an Economy Cut.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 68,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"A Token Cut is moved to ventilate a specific grievance, and the discussion on it is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"open to the whole policy underlying the demand\",\r\n      \"limited to the particular grievance specified in the motion\",\r\n      \"confined to the economy that can be effected in the demand\",\r\n      \"not permitted, the motion being put straight to the vote\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Token Cut<\/b><br>A Token Cut is moved by saying 'that the amount of the demand be reduced by Rs. 100' <b>to ventilate a specific grievance, which is in the sphere of responsibility of the Government of India<\/b>, and <b>the discussion is limited to the particular grievance specified in the motion<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 69,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding cut motions:\\n1. Advance copies of cut motions relating to the Ministry of Finance, when received, are sent to the Financial Adviser for preparation of briefs for the Finance Minister's use.\\n2. Cut motions are generally replied to by the administrative Minister concerned.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Handling of Cut Motions<\/b><br><b>Advance copies of cut motions relating to the Ministry of Finance, when received, are sent to the Financial Adviser for preparation of briefs thereon for the Finance Minister's use<\/b> (Statement 1), and <b>cut motions are generally replied to by the administrative Minister concerned<\/b> (Statement 2). Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 70,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"When the time for applying the guillotine is reached, the cut motions which have been moved are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"withdrawn by the Members concerned\",\r\n      \"immediately put to vote and disposed of by being negated\",\r\n      \"referred to the Department Related Standing Committee\",\r\n      \"kept pending until the Appropriation Bill is taken up\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Effect of the Guillotine on Cut Motions<\/b><br>When the time for applying the guillotine is reached, the Member or the Minister in attendance is asked by the Speaker to resume his\/her seat, and <b>cut motions which have been moved are immediately put to vote and disposed of (negated)<\/b>. The Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs ensures that the Ministers concerned with the Ministries\/Departments whose Demands are guillotined are present in the House.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 71,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The device by which the debate on financial proposals is brought to an end within a specified time, with the result that several Demands have to be voted by the House without discussion, is known as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Token Cut\",\r\n      \"the Guillotine\",\r\n      \"the Vote on Account\",\r\n      \"the Closure Motion\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Guillotine<\/b><br>On the last day of discussion on Demands for Grants, the Speaker puts all the outstanding Demands for Grants to the vote of the House. <b>This process is known as the 'GUILLOTINE' and is a device for bringing the debate on financial proposals to an end within a specified time, with the result that several Demands have to be voted by the House without discussions.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 72,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Constitutional provision which states that no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of India except under Appropriation made by law is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 112\",\r\n      \"Article 113\",\r\n      \"Article 114\",\r\n      \"Article 117\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 114 \u2013 The Appropriation Bill<\/b><br><b>Article 114 states that 'no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of India except under Appropriation made by law'.<\/b> Therefore, after the Demands for Grants are voted and passed by the Lok Sabha, an Appropriation Bill is introduced in the Lok Sabha seeking to authorize payment and appropriation of the sums so voted, as well as those required for meeting the charged expenditure from and out of the Consolidated Fund of India for the services during the financial year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 73,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Appropriation Bill:\\n1. After it has been considered and passed by the Lok Sabha, it is transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for consideration and return.\\n2. It is introduced in the Lok Sabha with the prior approval of the President.\\n3. For its introduction, consideration and passing on the same day, special permission has to be sought from the Speaker.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Passage of the Appropriation Bill<\/b><br>All three statements are correct \u2014 after being considered and passed by the Lok Sabha the Bill is <b>transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for consideration and return<\/b>; the Bill for withdrawal from the Consolidated Fund of India is <b>introduced in the Lok Sabha with the prior approval of the President<\/b>; and for its <b>introduction, consideration and passing on the same day, special permission has to be sought from the Speaker<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 74,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The scope of debate on an Appropriation Bill relating to Demands for Grants, after the remaining demands have been guillotined, is restricted to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the taxation proposals contained in the Finance Bill\",\r\n      \"important matters or administrative policy implied in the grants covered by the Bill which have not already been raised while the relevant Demands for Grants were discussed\",\r\n      \"matters relating only to charged expenditure\",\r\n      \"any matter which the Speaker may permit, without restriction\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of Debate on the Appropriation Bill<\/b><br>The scope of debate is <b>restricted to important matters or administrative policy implied in the grants covered by the Bill which have NOT already been raised while the relevant Demands for Grants were discussed in the House<\/b>. This prevents repetition of debate already concluded at the Demands stage.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 75,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Finance Bill is introduced by the Finance Minister\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"immediately after the Annual Financial Statement is presented in the Lok Sabha\",\r\n      \"immediately after the Appropriation Bill is passed\",\r\n      \"after the General Discussion on the Budget is concluded\",\r\n      \"after all the Demands for Grants have been voted\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Introduction of the Finance Bill<\/b><br>The Finance Bill is <b>introduced by the Finance Minister immediately after the Annual Financial Statement is presented in the Lok Sabha<\/b>. Being a Money Bill, it is introduced with the President's recommendation under clause (1) of Article 117. <b>After the passing of the Appropriation Bill, the Finance Bill is considered and passed by the Parliament.<\/b> In the case of the Finance Bill, the procedure in the Rajya Sabha is the same as in the case of other Money Bills.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 76,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Copies of the Finance Bill are not circulated to Members two days in advance of its introduction, as would otherwise be required under Direction 19 of the 'Directions by the Speaker', because\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Bill is a Money Bill\",\r\n      \"the Bill is a Secret Bill\",\r\n      \"the Bill is introduced with the President's recommendation\",\r\n      \"the Bill is covered by the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Finance Bill as a Secret Bill<\/b><br><b>As the Finance Bill is a SECRET Bill, copies thereof are not circulated to the Members two days in advance of its introduction as required under Direction 19 of the 'Directions by the Speaker'.<\/b> Its introduction, moreover, cannot be opposed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 77,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Under the provisions of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931, the Finance Bill is required to be passed by both the Houses and receive the assent of the President within\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"30 days of its introduction\",\r\n      \"45 days of its introduction\",\r\n      \"60 days of its introduction\",\r\n      \"75 days of its introduction\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The 75-Day Limit<\/b><br>Under the provisions of the <b>Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931<\/b>, the Finance Bill is required to be <b>passed by both the Houses and receive the assent of the President within 75 DAYS of its introduction<\/b>. Correspondingly, the declaration under that Act giving immediate effect to certain clauses has effect for 75 days or till the date of enactment of the Finance Bill, whichever is earlier.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 78,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Speaker has held that where amendments to direct and indirect tax laws are of a permanent nature and are not consequential upon or incidental to the taxation proposals, they should be brought forward through\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a second Finance Bill\",\r\n      \"a separate Taxation Laws Amendment Bill\",\r\n      \"an Appropriation Bill\",\r\n      \"a Money Bill introduced in the Rajya Sabha\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Taxation Laws Amendment Bill<\/b><br>The Speaker has held that the Finance Bill should not contain amendments to both direct and indirect tax laws if they are of a permanent nature and are not consequential upon or incidental to the taxation proposals, and that for such amendments <b>a separate Bill, i.e. a TAXATION LAWS AMENDMENT BILL, should be brought forward<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 79,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The provisions of the Finance Bill relating to the imposition of customs and central excise duties come into force\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"on the date the Finance Bill receives the assent of the President\",\r\n      \"immediately on the expiry of the day on which the Bill is introduced, by virtue of the declaration under the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931\",\r\n      \"from the first day of the ensuing financial year\",\r\n      \"on the date the Appropriation Bill is passed\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Immediate Effect of Customs and Excise Provisions<\/b><br>These provisions <b>come into force immediately on the expiry of the day on which the Bill is introduced, by virtue of the declaration under the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931<\/b> contained in the Bill to the effect that it is expedient in the public interest that the provisions of certain clauses shall have immediate effect. <b>Such a provision has the force of law and will have effect for 75 days or till the date of enactment of the Finance Bill, whichever is earlier.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 80,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding a second Finance Bill containing supplementary taxation proposals:\\n1. There is no bar to the introduction of more than one Finance Bill containing taxation proposals in a year.\\n2. If such a second Bill is introduced, it has to be preceded by Demands for Grants and the connected Appropriation Bill.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>More Than One Finance Bill in a Year<\/b><br><b>There is no bar to the introduction of more than one Finance Bill containing taxation proposals in a year<\/b>; however, <b>if a second Finance Bill containing supplementary taxation proposals is introduced, it has to be PRECEDED by Demands for Grants and the connected Appropriation Bill<\/b> \u2014 in other words, the sequence in regard to the Budget provided in Articles 112 to 115 of the Constitution has to be followed. Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 81,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The purpose of a 'Vote on Account' is to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"authorise expenditure on a new service not contemplated in the Budget\",\r\n      \"keep the Government functioning, pending voting of the final budget\",\r\n      \"regularise expenditure incurred in excess of the amount granted in a previous year\",\r\n      \"meet unforeseen expenditure out of the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Vote on Account<\/b><br>A provision has been made in the Constitution empowering the Lok Sabha to make any grant in advance in respect of the estimated expenditure for a part of the financial year, pending completion of the procedure for the voting of the Demands. <b>The purpose of a 'Vote on Account' is to keep the Government functioning, pending voting of the final budget.<\/b> As a convention, it is treated as a formal affair and passed by the Lok Sabha.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 82,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"After the advancement of the budget cycle from the last day of February, a Vote on Account is now presented\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"every year, as a matter of routine\",\r\n      \"in the election year, when an interim Budget is presented\",\r\n      \"only when the Appropriation Bill is not passed by 31st March\",\r\n      \"only on a recommendation of the Estimates Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Vote on Account after the Advancement of the Budget Cycle<\/b><br><b>After the advancement of the budget cycle from the last day of February, the Vote on Account is presented in the ELECTION YEAR, when an interim Budget is presented.<\/b> The advancement of the presentation to 1st February was intended precisely to enable the Appropriation Bill to be passed before the commencement of the ensuing financial year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 83,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The executive authority of the Union Government is vested in the President of India, who is placed under a firm Constitutional obligation to act in accordance with the advice tendered by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Finance Minister\",\r\n      \"the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister, which is collectively responsible to the Parliament\",\r\n      \"the Cabinet Secretary\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Role of the Executive<\/b><br>The executive authority of the Union Government is vested in the President of India, who exercises this authority either directly or through officers in accordance with Constitutional provisions. However, <b>the President has been placed under a firm Constitutional obligation to act in accordance with the advice tendered by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister, which is collectively responsible to the Parliament<\/b>. Each Minister holding a portfolio is individually responsible, as part of collective responsibility, for the administrative machinery under his\/her charge.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 84,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The functions of the Budget Division, Department of Economic Affairs, are as included in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961\",\r\n      \"Government of India (Transaction of Business) Rules, 1961\",\r\n      \"Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Source of the Budget Division's Functions<\/b><br>The functions of the Budget Division, Department of Economic Affairs, are as included in the <b>Government of India (Allocation of Business Rules), 1961<\/b>. They cover, among other things, ways and means, preparation of the Budget, the Market Borrowing Programme, administration of the Public Debt Act, 1944 and the Contingency Fund of India Act, 1950, and the duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 85,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are among the functions of the Budget Division as included in the Allocation of Business Rules?\\n1. Ways and means\\n2. Administration of the Public Debt Act, 1944\\n3. Contingency Fund of India and administration of the Contingency Fund of India Act, 1950\\n4. Duties and Powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Functions of the Budget Division<\/b><br>All four are listed functions: <b>ways and means; administration of the Public Debt Act, 1944 (18 of 1944); the Contingency Fund of India and administration of the Contingency Fund of India Act, 1950 (49 of 1950); and the Duties and Powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General<\/b>. The list also includes the laying of Audit Reports before Parliament under Article 151, financial emergency, Government guarantees, the Finance Commission, small savings, and administration of the Central Road and Infrastructure Fund Act, 2000.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 86,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Among the functions of the Budget Division is the preparation of the Budget of a State or Union Territory in a particular situation, namely where\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the State Government requests the Central Government to do so\",\r\n      \"a proclamation by the President as to failure of Constitutional machinery is in operation in relation to that State or Union Territory\",\r\n      \"the State has failed to pass its Appropriation Bill in time\",\r\n      \"the Finance Commission so recommends\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Preparation of a State Budget by the Budget Division<\/b><br>One of the listed functions is the <b>preparation of the Budget, including supplementary\/excess grants, and \u2014 when a proclamation by the President as to failure of Constitutional machinery is in operation in relation to a State or a Union Territory \u2014 the preparation of the Budget of such State or Union Territory<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 87,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget Division is headed by an officer of the rank of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Director (Budget)\",\r\n      \"Deputy Secretary (Budget)\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretary\/Additional Secretary (Budget)\",\r\n      \"Finance Secretary\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Head of the Budget Division<\/b><br>The <b>Budget Division is headed by the Joint Secretary\/Additional Secretary (Budget)<\/b>. Its primary responsibility relates to the <b>'Scrutiny of Receipt and Expenditure Estimates'<\/b> in the process of preparation of the Budget Estimates for the ensuing fiscal, the Revised Estimates of the current fiscal, and the related Statements\/Annexures of various Budget documents.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 88,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"At any stage before the Budget is presented to the Parliament, the Finance Ministry may make modifications in the estimates. This is done in order to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"accommodate the recommendations of the Estimates Committee\",\r\n      \"fulfil its responsibility to present the estimates as correctly as possible, where factors affecting the estimates so far framed emerge\",\r\n      \"comply with the directions of the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"give effect to the recommendations of the Finance Commission\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Modification of Estimates before Presentation<\/b><br>At any stage before the Budget is presented to the Parliament, the Finance Ministry may make such modifications in the estimates <b>as may be necessitated by the emergence of factors affecting the estimates so far framed. Such action is required in order to fulfil its responsibility to present the estimates as correctly as possible.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 89,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Department of Expenditure administers the grants part of the Finance Commission award. These grants comprise\\n1. revenue deficit grants.\\n2. Calamity Relief Fund.\\n3. grants for local bodies, health, education and other special purpose grants.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Finance Commission Grants Administered by the Department of Expenditure<\/b><br>The Department of Expenditure administers the grants part of the Finance Commission award comprising <b>revenue deficit grants, the Calamity Relief Fund (CRF), and grants for local bodies, health, education and other special purpose grants<\/b>. All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 90,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following is not among the matters with which the Department of Expenditure is concerned?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Financial rules and regulations and delegation of financial powers\",\r\n      \"Review of staffing of government establishments\",\r\n      \"General principles of government accounting and capital restructuring of public sector undertakings\",\r\n      \"Floatation of market loans and issue and discharge of Treasury bills\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Department of Expenditure versus Budget Division<\/b><br>The Department of Expenditure is concerned with expenditure related financial policies covering <b>financial rules and regulations and delegation of financial powers, financial sanctions on issues not covered by delegated powers, review of staffing of government establishments, general principles of government accounting and capital restructuring of public sector undertakings<\/b>. <b>Floatation of Market Loans by the Central Government and the issue and discharge of Treasury bills is a listed function of the BUDGET DIVISION<\/b>, not the Department of Expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 91,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Chief Accounting Authority of each Ministry or Department, who is responsible for the collection of revenue and control of expenditure, is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Financial Adviser\",\r\n      \"Chief Controller of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Secretary of the Ministry\",\r\n      \"Minister in charge of the Ministry\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Chief Accounting Authority<\/b><br>The Chief Accounting Authority of each Ministry\/Department is responsible for the collection of revenue and control of expenditure with respect to that Ministry\/Department, and <b>the SECRETARY of each Ministry is the Chief Accounting Authority<\/b>. He\/she discharges this function <b>through and with the advice of the Financial Adviser and the Chief Controller of Accounts<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 92,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Financial Adviser acts on behalf of the Ministry of Finance in respect of matters\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"within the delegated financial powers of the Administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"outside the delegated financial powers of the Administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"relating only to the preparation of the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"relating only to the audit of the Ministry's accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Role of the Financial Adviser<\/b><br>Due to the volume of work and administrative convenience, the system of integrated Financial Adviser was introduced. The <b>Financial Adviser acts on behalf of the Ministry of Finance in respect of matters OUTSIDE the delegated financial powers of the Administrative Ministry.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 93,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Financial Advisers are responsible for Budget formulation as per the Redefined Charter for Financial Advisers issued on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st April, 2004\",\r\n      \"1st June, 2006\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2017\",\r\n      \"1st June, 2010\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Redefined Charter for Financial Advisers<\/b><br>As per the <b>Redefined Charter for Financial Advisers issued on 1st June, 2006<\/b>, Financial Advisers shall be responsible for Budget formulation. Their responsibilities also include FRBM related tasks, Expenditure and Cash Management, project\/programme formulation, appraisal, monitoring and evaluation, screening of proposals, leveraging of non-budgetary resources for sectoral development, non-tax receipts and tax expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 94,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The estimates finally recommended by the Financial Adviser are summarised in the form of the Statement of Budget Estimates (proposed)\/Expenditure Budget, and the number of copies required to be forwarded is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"five\",\r\n      \"ten\",\r\n      \"eighteen\",\r\n      \"twenty-five\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Copies of the Statement of Budget Estimates<\/b><br>The estimates finally recommended by the Financial Adviser should be summarised in the form of the Statement of Budget Estimates (proposed)\/Expenditure Budget, and <b>eighteen (18) copies forwarded thereof<\/b>. After the pre-Budget meetings are over, Financial Advisers prepare the Statement of Budget Estimates (Final) as per the approved ceilings for expenditure and send them to the Budget Division along with other required statements.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 95,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Among the budget-related checks to be exercised by Financial Advisers, the position regarding provision for new schemes is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"no provision should normally be made in the Budget without completion of pre-Budget scrutiny of the project\/scheme\",\r\n      \"provision may be made freely, subject to later regularisation\",\r\n      \"provision may be made only after the scheme has been approved by the Cabinet\",\r\n      \"provision must invariably be made in the Revised Estimates rather than the Budget Estimates\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>New Schemes and Pre-Budget Scrutiny<\/b><br>Expenditure estimates should be based on realistic assessment; <b>for new schemes, no provision should normally be made in the Budget without completion of pre-Budget scrutiny of the project\/scheme<\/b>. Similarly, provisions for the North East, unless specifically exempt, should be separately indicated.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 96,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates received by the Financial Adviser are to be scrutinised with regard to\\n1. the correctness of accounts classification.\\n2. full coverage.\\n3. reasonableness of the estimates.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scrutiny by the Financial Adviser<\/b><br>Estimates received by the Financial Adviser are to be scrutinised with regard to <b>the correctness of accounts classification, full coverage and reasonableness of the estimates<\/b>, and modified to the extent necessary in the judgment of the Financial Adviser. All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 97,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"While preparing the Detailed Demands for Grants, Financial Advisers are required to ensure that the classification \u2014 major head, minor head and the like \u2014 is as per the heads of account prescribed in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"List of Major and Minor Heads of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Budget Circular issued by the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Government Accounting Rules, 1990\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Classification in the Detailed Demands for Grants<\/b><br>While preparing the Detailed Demands for Grants it is important to ensure that <b>the classification, namely major head, minor head etc., is as per the heads of account prescribed in the LIST OF MAJOR AND MINOR HEADS OF ACCOUNTS<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 98,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Monthly Expenditure Plan for the Ministries selected is drawn up keeping in view the extant guidelines relating to release of funds, and is included\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"as an annex in the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"as a statement in the Receipts Budget\",\r\n      \"in the Budget at a Glance\",\r\n      \"in the Expenditure Profile\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Monthly Expenditure Plan (MEP)<\/b><br>The Monthly Expenditure Plan [MEP] for the Ministries selected may be drawn up keeping in view the extant guidelines relating to release of funds, and <b>included as an ANNEX in the Detailed Demands for Grants<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 99,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Statements relating to the Gender Budget, Child Budget, SC\/ST allocation and Disclosures under the FRBM Rules are required to be sent\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"along with the Budget Circular\",\r\n      \"immediately after the Statement of Budget Estimates is finalized\",\r\n      \"after the Appropriation Bill is passed\",\r\n      \"at the time of the mid-year review\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing of the Gender Budget and Allied Statements<\/b><br>Statements relating to <b>Gender Budget, Child Budget, SC\/ST allocation and Disclosures under FRBM Rules should be sent IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE SBE IS FINALIZED<\/b>. Likewise, the statement showing items of new service\/new instrument of service is to be sent as soon as the SBE (Final) is forwarded to the Budget Division.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 100,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Controller General of Accounts prepares an analytical report on expenditure, revenues, borrowings and the deficit for the Finance Minister\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"every month\",\r\n      \"every quarter\",\r\n      \"twice a year\",\r\n      \"annually\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The CGA's Monthly Analytical Report<\/b><br>The CGA <b>prepares an analytical report on expenditure, revenues, borrowings and the deficit for the Finance Minister EVERY MONTH<\/b>. The CGA also prepares the annual Appropriation Accounts and Union Finance Accounts for presentation to the Parliament, and has the responsibility for establishing and maintaining a technically sound accounting system in the Departmentalised Accounts Offices.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 101,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Controller General of Accounts maintains line item wise accounts of all the transactions involving\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Consolidated Fund of India only\",\r\n      \"the Consolidated Fund of India and the Public Account of India only\",\r\n      \"the Consolidated Fund of India, the Contingency Fund of India and the Public Account of India\",\r\n      \"the Contingency Fund of India only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Accounts Maintained by the CGA<\/b><br>The CGA <b>maintains line item wise accounts of all the transactions involving the Consolidated Fund of India, the Contingency Fund of India and the Public Account of India<\/b>. Various subsidiary accounts such as Loan accounts and Fund accounts are also maintained by these units.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 102,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The stage which is said to complete the cycle of the budgetary process is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"passing of the Appropriation Bill by Parliament\",\r\n      \"presentation of the Finance Minister's Budget Speech\",\r\n      \"preparation and submission of the Appropriation and Finance Accounts to the Parliament by the Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"issue of the Budget Circular by the Budget Division\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Completion of the Budgetary Cycle<\/b><br><b>Preparation and submission of the Appropriation and Finance Accounts to the Parliament, done by the CGA, completes the cycle of the budgetary process.<\/b> Through the Appropriation Accounts, Parliament is informed about the expenditure incurred against the appropriations made by the Parliament in the previous financial year; all expenditures are duly audited and excesses or savings in the expenditure are required to be explained in the Appropriation Accounts.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 103,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"NITI Aayog came into existence on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st January, 2014\",\r\n      \"1st January, 2015\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2015\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2017\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>NITI Aayog<\/b><br>NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) came into existence on <b>1st January, 2015, replacing the erstwhile Planning Commission<\/b>. It serves as a Think Tank of the Government and, apart from advice on general policy matters, <b>helps in the specific task of finalising the Output Outcome Monitoring Framework (OOMF)<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 104,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Based on the recommendations of the Finance Commission, the budget provisions for a year are made after earmarking the States' share, in order to work out the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Gross Tax Revenues of the Union Government\",\r\n      \"Net Tax Revenues of the Union Government from the Gross Tax Revenues\",\r\n      \"Fiscal Deficit of the Union Government\",\r\n      \"Non-Debt Capital Receipts of the Union Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Role of the Finance Commission in Budgeting<\/b><br>Based on the recommendations of the Finance Commission from time to time, <b>the budget provisions for a year are made after earmarking the States' share, to work out the NET Tax Revenues of the Union Government from the Gross Tax Revenues<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 105,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Reserve Bank of India in the budget context:\\n1. The public debt raised by Government by issue of securities is managed by the Reserve Bank.\\n2. The role of the Public Debt Management Cell created in the Ministry of Finance is advisory in Public Debt Management.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reserve Bank of India and Public Debt<\/b><br>As banker to the Government, the RBI has a crucial role in monetary and credit policy, the Government Securities Market and allied areas. <b>The public debt raised by Government by issue of securities is managed by the Reserve Bank<\/b>, which also manages securities created and issued under any other law or rule having the force of law where that law or rule specifically so provides. <b>The role of the Public Debt Management Cell created in the Ministry of Finance is ADVISORY.<\/b> Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 106,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The audited Appropriation and Finance Accounts, along with the audit reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General, are submitted to the President of India under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 148\",\r\n      \"Article 149\",\r\n      \"Article 150\",\r\n      \"Article 151\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 151 \u2013 Audit Reports<\/b><br>The audited Appropriation and Finance Accounts are submitted along with the audit reports of the C&amp;AG to the President of India <b>under Article 151 of the Constitution<\/b>. These accounts and reports are then caused to be laid before the Parliament. The laying of Audit Reports before Parliament under Article 151 is also a listed function of the Budget Division.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 107,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The primary function of the audit by the Comptroller and Auditor General is to verify the accounts to ascertain\\n1. whether the moneys shown in the accounts as having been disbursed were legally available for and applicable to the service or purpose to which they have been applied or charged.\\n2. whether the expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it.\\n3. whether the assessment, collection and allocation of revenue have been properly done.\\n\\nWhich of the above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Primary Function of C&amp;AG Audit<\/b><br>All three are correct. The primary function is to verify the accounts to ascertain <b>(i) whether the moneys shown as disbursed were legally available for and applicable to the service or purpose to which they have been applied or charged, and whether the expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it; and (ii) whether the assessment, collection and allocation of revenue have been properly done<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 108,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The enabling provision to take up the audit of any other bodies or authorities, apart from the accounts relating to grants and loans given by the Government, is contained in an Act passed by the Union Parliament in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1950\",\r\n      \"1953\",\r\n      \"1971\",\r\n      \"2003\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Enabling Provision of 1971<\/b><br>The C&amp;AG also examines the accounts relating to grants and loans given by the Government to other bodies. <b>There is also an enabling provision in the Act passed by the Union Parliament in 1971 to take up the audit of any other bodies or authorities<\/b> \u2014 that is, the Comptroller and Auditor General's (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 109,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Constitutional provision under which each House of Parliament may make rules for regulating its procedure and the conduct of its business is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 112\",\r\n      \"Article 114\",\r\n      \"Article 117\",\r\n      \"Article 118\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 118<\/b><br>As per <b>Article 118 of the Constitution, each House of Parliament may make rules for regulating, subject to the provisions of the Constitution, its procedure and the conduct of its business<\/b>. It is under these provisions, and in order to help it exercise effective control over public expenditure, that the Lok Sabha has set up its financial Committees.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 110,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are the three financial Committees set up by the Lok Sabha to help it exercise effective control over public expenditure?\\n1. Public Accounts Committee\\n2. Estimates Committee\\n3. Committee on Public Undertakings\\n4. Business Advisory Committee\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Financial Committees<\/b><br>The Lok Sabha has set up three financial Committees, viz. the <b>Public Accounts Committee, the Estimates Committee and the Committee on Public Undertakings<\/b>, apart from the Department Related Standing Committees which came later. The <b>Business Advisory Committee is not one of the financial Committees<\/b> \u2014 it decides the time table for discussion of Demands for Grants.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 111,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Committee on Estimates is constituted under which Rule of the Lok Sabha?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Rule 270\",\r\n      \"Rule 308\",\r\n      \"Rule 310\",\r\n      \"Rule 204\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 310 \u2013 Estimates Committee<\/b><br>As per <b>Rule 310 of the Lok Sabha, there shall be a Committee on Estimates for the examination of such of the estimates as may seem fit to the Committee or are specifically referred to it by the House or the Speaker<\/b>. Rule 308 relates to the Public Accounts Committee, and Rule 270 of the Rajya Sabha Rules to the Department Related Standing Committees.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 112,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are functions of the Estimates Committee?\\n1. To report what economies, improvements in organizational efficiency or administrative reform, consistent with the policy underlying the estimates, may be effected.\\n2. To suggest alternative policies in order to bring about efficiency and economy in administration.\\n3. To examine whether the money is well laid out within the limits of the policy implied in the estimates.\\n4. To suggest the form in which the estimates shall be presented to Parliament.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Functions of the Estimates Committee<\/b><br>All four are its stated functions. The Committee <b>may continue examination of the estimates from time to time throughout the financial year and report to the House as its examination proceeds<\/b>. Its function of suggesting the form of presentation explains why the Budget is presented in such form as the Finance Ministry may decide after considering the suggestions of this Committee.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 113,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The full-fledged Department Related Standing Committee system was introduced in the year\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1971\",\r\n      \"1985\",\r\n      \"1993\",\r\n      \"2003\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Department Related Standing Committees<\/b><br>In order to strengthen parliamentary oversight of the administration and scrutiny of budgetary proposals and Bills, <b>a full-fledged Committee system was introduced in 1993<\/b>. This system not only ensures accountability of the executive to the Parliament but also enables Parliament and the people to know about the Government's final replies to the Committee's specific recommendations.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 114,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"In considering the Demands for Grants of the related Ministries or Departments and reporting thereon, a Department Related Standing Committee\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"may suggest cut motions where it considers them appropriate\",\r\n      \"shall not suggest anything of the nature of cut motions in its report\",\r\n      \"may itself move cut motions in the House\",\r\n      \"may recommend the guillotining of specified Demands\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Functions of the Standing Committees<\/b><br>Among the main functions of these Committees, as laid down in Rule 270 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Rajya Sabha, is to consider the Demands for Grants of the related Ministries\/Departments and report thereon \u2014 but <b>'the report shall NOT suggest anything of the nature of cut motions'<\/b>. Their other functions are to examine Bills referred by the Chairman or the Speaker, to consider the annual reports of the Ministries\/Departments, and to consider national basic long term policy documents referred to them.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 115,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"The Committee on Public Accounts is constituted for the examination of\\n1. accounts showing the appropriation of sums granted by the House for the expenditure of the Government of India.\\n2. the Annual Finance Accounts of the Government of India.\\n3. such other accounts laid before the House as the Committee may think fit.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 308 \u2013 Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br>As per Rule 308 of the Lok Sabha, there shall be a Committee on Public Accounts for the examination of <b>accounts showing the appropriation of sums granted by the House for the expenditure of the Government of India, the Annual Finance Accounts of the Government of India, and such other accounts laid before the House as the Committee may think fit<\/b>. All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 116,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"In scrutinizing the Appropriation Accounts of the Government of India and the report of the Comptroller and Auditor General thereon, it is the duty of the Public Accounts Committee to satisfy itself, among other things, that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"every re-appropriation has been made in accordance with the provisions made in this behalf under rules framed by competent authority\",\r\n      \"the policy underlying each Demand is sound\",\r\n      \"the estimates were framed on a realistic basis\",\r\n      \"the form of the estimates is suitable for presentation to Parliament\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Duties of the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br>The Committee must satisfy itself <b>(a) that the moneys shown in the accounts as having been disbursed were legally available for, and applicable to, the service or purpose to which they have been applied or charged; (b) that the expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it; and (c) that every re-appropriation has been made in accordance with the provisions made in this behalf under rules framed by competent authority<\/b>. Examining the soundness of policy and suggesting the form of estimates fall to the Estimates Committee.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 117,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"It is also the duty of the Public Accounts Committee to consider the Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General in cases where the President may have required him\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"to conduct an audit of any receipts or to examine the accounts of stores and stocks\",\r\n      \"to prepare the Annual Financial Statement\",\r\n      \"to certify the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"to advise on the form in which the accounts of the Union shall be kept\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Further Duties of the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br>Besides examining the Statement of Accounts of State Corporations, trading and manufacturing schemes, concerns and projects, and of autonomous and semi-autonomous bodies, it is the duty of the Committee <b>to consider the Report of the C&amp;AG in cases where the President may have required him to conduct an audit of any receipts or to examine the accounts of stores and stocks<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 118,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Where money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted by the House for that purpose, the Public Accounts Committee shall\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"recommend that the excess be met from the Contingency Fund of India\",\r\n      \"examine, with reference to the facts of each case, the circumstances leading to such an excess and make such recommendation as it may deem fit\",\r\n      \"refer the matter to the Estimates Committee for examination\",\r\n      \"direct the Ministry concerned to surrender an equivalent amount in the following year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Excess Expenditure and the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br>If any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted by the House for that purpose, <b>the Committee shall examine, with reference to the facts of each case, the circumstances leading to such an excess and make such recommendation as it may deem fit<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 119,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Estimates Committee\\nB. Public Accounts Committee\\nC. Department Related Standing Committees\\nD. Business Advisory Committee\\nList-II\\n1. Rule 308 of the Lok Sabha\\n2. Decides the time table for discussion and voting of Demands for Grants\\n3. Rule 310 of the Lok Sabha\\n4. Rule 270 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Rajya Sabha\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Committees and Their Governing Rules<\/b><br>The <b>Estimates Committee<\/b> is constituted under <b>Rule 310 of the Lok Sabha<\/b>; the <b>Public Accounts Committee<\/b> under <b>Rule 308 of the Lok Sabha<\/b>; the main functions of the <b>Department Related Standing Committees<\/b> are laid down in <b>Rule 270 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Rajya Sabha<\/b>; and the <b>Business Advisory Committee<\/b> decides the time table for discussion and voting of the Demands for Grants. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 120,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 2: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES\",\r\n    question: \"Parliamentary control over public expenditure is described as extending\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"only to the voting of moneys required by Government for carrying on the administration\",\r\n      \"beyond the voting of moneys, to ensuring prudent expenditure\",\r\n      \"only to the examination of the Appropriation Accounts after the close of the year\",\r\n      \"only to the imposition and regulation of taxes through the Finance Bill\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of Parliamentary Control<\/b><br><b>Parliamentary Control over public expenditure is not limited to the voting of moneys required by Government for carrying on the administration of the country, but also extends to ensuring prudent expenditure.<\/b> It is to exercise this wider control effectively that the Lok Sabha has set up the Public Accounts Committee, the Estimates Committee and the Committee on Public Undertakings.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 121,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Though the Union Budget is presented on 1st February or any other suitable date, the process of Budget preparation commences in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"mid of August of the previous year and continues till the end of March\",\r\n      \"mid of September of the previous year and continues till the end of January\",\r\n      \"the first week of October of the previous year and continues till the end of February\",\r\n      \"the first week of April of the current year and continues till the end of December\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Span of the Budget Preparation Process<\/b><br>Though the Union Budget is presented on 1st February or any other suitable date as decided by the Government, <b>the process of Budget preparation commences in mid of AUGUST of the previous year and continues till the end of MARCH<\/b>. On the presumption that the Budget shall be presented at 11 AM on 1st February, the Budget Division prepares a comprehensive Schedule for carrying out the Budget preparation activities.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 122,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The comprehensive Schedule for carrying out the Budget preparation activities, which clearly indicates the roles and responsibilities of all the stakeholders involved, is prepared by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Budget Preparation Schedule<\/b><br>On the presumption that the Budget shall be presented at 11 AM on 1st February or any other date as decided by the Government, <b>the BUDGET DIVISION prepares a comprehensive Schedule for carrying out the Budget preparation activities<\/b>. The Schedule clearly indicates the roles and responsibilities of all the stakeholders involved in the Budget preparation process.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 123,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the year in which General Elections to the Lok Sabha are held, the Regular Budget is presented to Parliament\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"before the General Elections, along with the interim Budget\",\r\n      \"after the General Elections are over and the new Government assumes office, on a date decided by the new Government\",\r\n      \"by the outgoing Government before the dissolution of the Lok Sabha\",\r\n      \"only after the Appropriation Bill relating to the interim Budget lapses\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Interim and Regular Budgets in an Election Year<\/b><br>In the year in which General Elections to the Lok Sabha are held, <b>the interim Budget is presented to Parliament. After the General Elections are over and on assumption of office by the new Government, the Regular Budget is presented to Parliament on a date as decided by the new Government.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 124,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget process mainly consists of two types of activities. These are the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"administrative process and the legislative process\",\r\n      \"estimation process and the audit process\",\r\n      \"revenue process and the expenditure process\",\r\n      \"preparation process and the execution process\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Two Types of Budget Activity<\/b><br>The Budget process mainly consists of two types of activities \u2014 <b>first, the ADMINISTRATIVE process, wherein the budget along with documents is prepared in consultation with various stakeholders; and secondly, the LEGISLATIVE process, wherein the Budget is passed by Parliament after discussion<\/b>. Chapter 3 of the Manual deals with the administrative process of budget preparation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 125,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget for a year is prepared by the Budget Division in the Ministry of Finance broadly on the basis of detailed estimates of expenditure and receipts received from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General of India alone\",\r\n      \"various Departments\/Ministries and its own subordinate estimating authorities\",\r\n      \"the NITI Aayog and the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"the Controller General of Accounts alone\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Basis of Budget Preparation<\/b><br>The Budget for a year is prepared by the Budget Division in the Ministry of Finance broadly on the basis of <b>detailed estimates of expenditure and receipts received from various Departments\/Ministries and its own subordinate estimating authorities<\/b>. The detailed estimates of expenditure are prepared by Ministries\/Departments according to their assessment of requirements for the ensuing year, keeping in view actual requirements in the past, current year's trends of expenditure, and decisions taken by the Government having financial implications.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 126,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The commencement of the Budget process takes place with the issue of the Budget Circular, normally in the month of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"August each year\",\r\n      \"September each year\",\r\n      \"October each year\",\r\n      \"December each year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing of the Budget Circular<\/b><br>Commencement of the Budget process takes place with the issue of the Budget Circular, <b>normally in the month of SEPTEMBER each year<\/b>. It is issued for the purpose of providing guidance to Ministries\/Departments in framing their Revised Estimates for the current year and the Budget Estimates for the ensuing financial year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 127,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget Circular is issued with the purpose of providing guidance to Ministries and Departments in framing\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Revised Estimates for the current year and the Budget Estimates for the ensuing financial year\",\r\n      \"the Budget Estimates for the current year only\",\r\n      \"the Appropriation Accounts and Finance Accounts\",\r\n      \"the Detailed Demands for Grants alone\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Purpose of the Budget Circular<\/b><br>The Budget Circular is issued to provide guidance to Ministries\/Departments <b>in framing their Revised Estimates for the current year and the Budget Estimates for the ensuing financial year<\/b>. It gives detailed instructions on the preparation of estimates of various types of receipts and expenditure, <b>including the formats and statements in which the estimates are required to be furnished<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 128,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Revenue Receipts\\nB. Capital Receipts\\nC. Debt receipts\\nD. Non-debt Capital Receipts\\nList-II\\n1. Borrowing\\n2. Disinvestment and repayment of loans and other receipts\\n3. Tax Revenue and Non Tax Revenue\\n4. Debt receipts and Non-debt Capital Receipts\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Classification of Government Receipts<\/b><br>Government receipts are classified under two categories: <b>Revenue Receipts, which consist of Tax Revenue and Non Tax Revenue<\/b>; and <b>Capital Receipts, which consist of debt receipts (borrowing) and Non-debt Capital Receipts (disinvestment and repayment of loans and other receipts)<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 129,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Non-tax revenues comprise which of the following components?\\n1. Interest received from States, Union Territories and other sources\\n2. Dividend from Public Sector Undertakings, the Reserve Bank of India and other Banks and Insurance Companies\\n3. Other Non-Tax Revenue\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Components of Non-Tax Revenue<\/b><br>Non-tax revenues comprise three components: <b>(a) Interest received from States, UTs and other sources; (b) Dividend from PSUs, RBI and other Banks and Insurance Companies; and (c) Other Non-Tax Revenue<\/b>. Non-Tax Revenue estimates are called from the respective Ministries\/Departments and compiled by the Budget Division, and meetings with select Ministries\/Departments are organized for detailed discussion before finalization.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 130,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"For the purpose of preparing receipts estimates, the category 'All other Revenue receipts' includes estimates of cess, but excludes the cess collected by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Central Board of Excise and Customs and the Central Board of Direct Taxes\",\r\n      \"State Governments and Union Territory administrations\",\r\n      \"Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Category (iv) of Receipts Estimates<\/b><br>The fourth category is <b>'All other Revenue receipts including estimates of cess, but EXCLUDING the cess collected by the Central Board of Excise and Customs and the Central Board of Direct Taxes'<\/b>. The other categories are (i) taxes, duties and receipts in relation to Union Territories without legislature; (ii) interest receipts on loans and advances sanctioned; and (iii) revenue receipts adjustable under Major Heads '1605 \u2013 External Grant Assistance' and '1606 \u2013 Aid Material and Equipment'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 131,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of Revenue receipts adjustable under Major Heads '1605 \u2013 External Grant Assistance' and '1606 \u2013 Aid Material and Equipment' fall in which category of receipts estimates?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The first category, relating to Union Territories without legislature\",\r\n      \"The second category, relating to interest receipts\",\r\n      \"The third category, which along with the second is excepted from the general requirement of furnishing receipt estimates in the prescribed form\",\r\n      \"The fourth category, relating to all other Revenue receipts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Categories Excepted from the Prescribed Form<\/b><br>Estimates of Revenue receipts adjustable under Major Heads <b>'1605 \u2013 External Grant Assistance' and '1606 \u2013 Aid Material and Equipment'<\/b> constitute the <b>third category<\/b>. Receipt estimates, <b>except for items at sub-para (ii) [interest receipts] and (iii) [1605 and 1606] above, are to be furnished to the Budget Division in the form as prescribed in the Budget Circular<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 132,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of Central taxes and duties, including various Cesses, are required to be furnished to the Budget Division by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Department of Revenue, through the Central Board of Direct Taxes and the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Estimates of Central Taxes and Duties<\/b><br>Estimates of Central taxes and duties including various Cesses need to be furnished to the Budget Division, as per the prescribed timelines, by the <b>Department of Revenue (Central Board of Direct Taxes and Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs)<\/b>. <b>Tax rates related decisions and growth assumptions are primarily the basis for making Direct tax estimates.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 133,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The estimates of Central taxes and duties are made available to the Budget Division in the required format by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Tax Research Unit of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs and the Tax Policy Legislation Division of the Central Board of Direct Taxes\",\r\n      \"Tax Policy Legislation Division of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs and the Tax Research Unit of the Central Board of Direct Taxes\",\r\n      \"Budget Division and the Department of Expenditure jointly\",\r\n      \"Chief Controllers of Accounts of the two Boards\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>TRU and TPL<\/b><br>These estimates are made available to the Budget Division in the required format by the <b>Tax Research Unit (TRU) of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs and the Tax Policy Legislation (TPL) Division of the CBDT<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 134,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are among the groups in which the estimates of Interest Receipts are required to be prepared?\\n1. Interest receipts from State and Union Territory Governments\\n2. Interest receipts from foreign governments\\n3. Interest receipts from statutory bodies such as municipalities and port trusts\\n4. Interest on advances to Government servants\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Groups for Estimates of Interest Receipts<\/b><br>All four are among the prescribed groups. The estimates of Interest Receipts are prepared in nine groups: <b>(a) State and UT Governments; (b) foreign governments; (c) public sector financial institutions; (d) industrial and commercial enterprises, both public and private; (e) statutory bodies (municipalities, port trusts, etc.); (f) departmental commercial undertakings; (g) other borrowers excluding Government servants, e.g. dock labour boards, cooperative societies, educational institutions; (h) advances to Government servants; and (i) other interest receipts, e.g. premium on loans floated and interest on Cash Balance Investment Account<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 135,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The group of interest receipts comprising premium on loans floated and interest on the Cash Balance Investment Account would mainly pertain to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"Department of Revenue\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Home Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Other Interest Receipts<\/b><br>The residual group of interest receipts \u2014 <b>'other interest receipts e.g. premium on loans floated, interest on Cash Balance Investment Account' \u2014 would mainly pertain to the DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 136,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Chief Controllers of Accounts are responsible for preparing estimates of interest receipts with reference to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"what is proposed by the companies or financial institutions concerned\",\r\n      \"loans outstanding against borrowers in their books, including loans expected to be sanctioned during the ensuing financial year\",\r\n      \"the interest actually realized in the preceding financial year alone\",\r\n      \"the average rate of interest advised by the Reserve Bank of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Basis for Estimates of Interest Receipts<\/b><br>Chief Controllers of Accounts are responsible for preparing estimates of interest receipts <b>with reference to loans outstanding against borrowers in their books, including loans expected to be sanctioned during the ensuing financial year \u2014 and NOT on what is proposed by the companies or financial institutions etc.<\/b> \u2014 after obtaining the approval of the Financial Adviser.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 137,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"With regard to the Statements on interest receipts and loan repayments to be furnished to the Budget Division, the position is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a NIL return need not be sent if there is nothing to report\",\r\n      \"NIL information also needs to be submitted to the Budget Division in writing without fail\",\r\n      \"separate forms are prescribed for interest receipts and for loan repayments\",\r\n      \"such Statements are required only from the Ministry of Finance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>NIL Information Must Also Be Submitted<\/b><br>These Statements are to be furnished to the Budget Division in the form and within the date prescribed in the Budget Circular, and <b>NIL information also needs to be submitted to the Budget Division IN WRITING WITHOUT FAIL<\/b>. <b>The prescribed form covers both interest receipts as well as loan repayments<\/b>, so option (c) is incorrect.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 138,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The average rate of interest to be adopted for framing estimates relating to interest charged on the Capital Outlay of Departmental Commercial Undertakings is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"advised separately by the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"fixed by the Reserve Bank of India\",\r\n      \"determined by each Chief Controller of Accounts\",\r\n      \"prescribed in the General Financial Rules, 2017\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Interest on Capital Outlay of Departmental Commercial Undertakings<\/b><br>Estimates relating to interest charged on the Capital Outlay of the Departmental Commercial Undertakings should <b>correspond to the expenditure provisions<\/b>, and the Chief Controllers of Accounts\/Controllers of Accounts must ensure that this correspondence is maintained. <b>The average rate of interest to be adopted for this purpose is advised separately by the MINISTRY OF FINANCE.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 139,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Reliefs and concessions provided to various Public Sector Undertakings in the form of write off of loans and waiver of interest or guarantee fee are required to be\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"omitted from the Budget altogether, being non-cash items\",\r\n      \"reflected in the Expenditure Budget as distinct items of expenditure with equivalent receipts assumed thereunder, the receipts so assumed also being included in the receipts estimates\",\r\n      \"shown only in the Detailed Demands for Grants of the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"shown only as a footnote in the Receipts Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Write Off and Waiver<\/b><br>Such reliefs and concessions are <b>required to be reflected in the Expenditure Budget as distinct items of expenditure with equivalent receipts assumed thereunder<\/b>. <b>Even though these are all non-cash expenditure, the receipts so assumed in such cases should also be included while furnishing receipts estimates to the Budget Division.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 140,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of Capital Receipts from Ministries and Departments include\\n1. receipts by way of loan repayments.\\n2. disinvestment of equity holdings in Public Sector Enterprises.\\n3. issue of bonus shares by the Public Sector Enterprises in favour of the Central Government.\\n4. net receipts under Public Account transactions.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Composition of Capital Receipts Estimates<\/b><br>Estimates of Capital Receipts from Ministries\/Departments include <b>receipts by way of loan repayments, disinvestment of equity holdings in Public Sector Enterprises, issue of bonus shares by the PSEs in favour of the Central Government, and net receipts under Public Account transactions<\/b>. All four are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 141,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Where estimated receipts by way of loan repayments are notional \u2014 for example, due to write off of loans, re-financing through fresh loans or conversion into equity \u2014 they should be\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"excluded from the estimates altogether\",\r\n      \"highlighted in the 'Remarks' column\",\r\n      \"shown only in the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"reported separately to the Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Notional Loan Repayments<\/b><br>In cases where such receipts are notional \u2014 for example due to write off of loans, re-financing through fresh loans or conversion into equity \u2014 <b>they should be highlighted in the 'REMARKS' column<\/b>. Likewise, <b>any modification in the terms of repayment, such as extension of the period of moratorium and\/or repayment, should also be clearly mentioned<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 142,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of receipts in respect of bonus shares issued by Government companies in favour of the Central Government are classifiable under the Major Head\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"'0050 \u2013 Dividends and Profits'\",\r\n      \"'4000 \u2013 Miscellaneous Capital Receipts'\",\r\n      \"'1605 \u2013 External Grant Assistance'\",\r\n      \"'0071 \u2013 Contributions and Recoveries towards Pension and Other Retirement Benefits'\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Bonus Shares under Major Head 4000<\/b><br>Estimates of receipts in respect of bonus shares issued by Government companies in favour of the Central Government are <b>classifiable under Major Head '4000 \u2013 Miscellaneous Capital Receipts'<\/b>, and are required to be furnished by the <b>Chief Controller of Accounts<\/b> in the prescribed form with <b>Company-wise estimates<\/b>. These estimates should correspond with the provisions for related investments included on the expenditure side.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 143,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of disinvestment of equity holdings in Public Sector Enterprises and Dividend receipts are required to be furnished by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Public Enterprises\",\r\n      \"Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>DIPAM's Role<\/b><br><b>Estimates of disinvestment of equity holdings in Public Sector Enterprises and Dividend receipts are required to be furnished by the Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM).<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 144,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of transactions relating to the Public Account of India are required to be furnished by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Chief Controllers of Accounts and the concerned Accounts Officers of Union Territory Governments\/Administrations, both with legislatures and without legislatures\",\r\n      \"the Chief Controllers of Accounts only\",\r\n      \"the Accounts Officers of Union Territories without legislature only\",\r\n      \"the Reserve Bank of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Who Furnishes Public Account Estimates<\/b><br>Estimates of transactions relating to the Public Account of India are required to be furnished by <b>the Chief Controllers of Accounts and the concerned Accounts Officers of Union Territory Governments\/Administrations, BOTH with legislatures and without legislatures<\/b>, in the form prescribed in the Budget Circular.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 145,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The estimates relating to the Group Insurance Scheme for Central Government employees are not required to be included in the Public Account statement by Ministries and Departments because these are furnished\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"by the Chief Controller of Accounts, Ministry of Finance in a consolidated manner\",\r\n      \"by the Department of Expenditure (Establishment Division)\",\r\n      \"by the Central Pension Accounting Office\",\r\n      \"by the Controller General of Defence Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Group Insurance Scheme Estimates<\/b><br>These estimates are furnished <b>by the Chief Controller of Accounts, Ministry of Finance in a consolidated manner for the Central Government Employees, and by the UT Cell of the Ministry of Home Affairs for the Union Territory Government Employees<\/b> \u2014 and therefore need not be included by individual Ministries\/Departments in their Public Account statement.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 146,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are required to furnish the estimates of Public Account transactions in their Cash Requirement Estimates?\\n1. Ministry of Railways (Railway Board)\\n2. Ministry of Defence (Finance Division)\\n3. Department of Telecommunications\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Public Account Estimates in Cash Requirement Estimates<\/b><br><b>The Ministry of Railways (Railway Board), the Ministry of Defence (Finance Division) and the Department of Telecommunications are required to furnish the estimates of Public Account transactions in their Cash Requirement Estimates.<\/b> All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 147,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Normally, Ministries and Departments should not have any large transactions in the Public Account except in areas like\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Provident Funds and approved Special Deposits\",\r\n      \"Reserve Funds and Suspense Accounts\",\r\n      \"Civil Deposits and Civil Advances\",\r\n      \"Remittances and Exchange Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Large Public Account Transactions<\/b><br>Normally, Ministries\/Departments should not have any large transactions in the Public Account <b>except in areas like Provident Funds and approved Special Deposits<\/b>. <b>There should not ideally be any Net debit or credit in a year in the Public Account transactions and, therefore, such instances will not be accepted except with full justification.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 148,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The pre-Budget discussions to decide the net budgetary ceilings of each Ministry or Department are normally scheduled to commence around\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"mid-September\",\r\n      \"mid-October\",\r\n      \"mid-November\",\r\n      \"the first week of January\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing and Chair of Pre-Budget Discussions<\/b><br>Estimates of expenditure are required to be furnished to the Budget Division for pre-Budget discussions. <b>These discussions are normally scheduled to commence around MID-OCTOBER to decide the net budgetary ceilings of each Ministry\/Department and are chaired by SECRETARY (EXPENDITURE).<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 149,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"While formulating expenditure estimates, the estimates of Ministries and Departments should conform to the projections contained in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Macro-Economic Framework Statement\",\r\n      \"Medium Term Expenditure Framework Statement released by the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Outcome Budget document\",\r\n      \"Appropriation Accounts of the preceding year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Conformity with the MTEF Statement<\/b><br>While formulating expenditure estimates, Ministries\/Departments should first review the existing Expenditure Budget to prioritize activities and schemes and identify those which can be eliminated, reduced in size or merged with any other scheme. <b>Estimates of Ministries\/Departments should conform to the projections contained in the MTEF (Medium Term Expenditure Framework) Statement released by the Ministry of Finance.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 150,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"With regard to schemes that have been discontinued or merged, the requirement is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"they should continue to be shown in the Revised Estimates for one more year\",\r\n      \"they should not find mention in the Revised Estimates of the current year, and a mention of the schemes discontinued or merged should be made in the notes below the Statement of Budget Estimates\",\r\n      \"they should be shown only in the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"no mention of them is required anywhere in the Budget documents\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Discontinued and Merged Schemes<\/b><br>Departments should ensure that <b>all schemes that have been discontinued do not find mention in the Revised Estimates of the current year<\/b>; similarly, schemes that are not to continue beyond the current year should not be included for the Budget Estimates of the ensuing year. <b>A mention of the schemes discontinued or merged should be made in the notes below the Statement of Budget Estimates.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 151,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Where provision has been made in the Budget without the necessary pre-Budget scrutiny or appraisal of a project or scheme, such scrutiny should be completed and appropriate approvals obtained\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"before the commencement of the financial year and passing of the Budget by the Parliament\",\r\n      \"before the close of the financial year in which the provision is made\",\r\n      \"before the first instalment of funds is released\",\r\n      \"at the time of the mid-year review\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Completion of Pre-Budget Scrutiny<\/b><br>Under standing instructions, no provision should normally be made in the Budget without completion of pre-Budget scrutiny\/appraisal of a project\/scheme. <b>Where, however, provision has been made without the necessary scrutiny, such scrutiny should be completed and appropriate approvals obtained BEFORE the commencement of the financial year and passing of the Budget by the Parliament.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 152,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following factors are to be taken note of while framing estimates, with a view to minimizing the scope for surrenders at a later stage?\\n1. The stages of formulation and implementation of the various schemes\\n2. The institutional capacity of the implementing agencies to implement the scheme as scheduled\\n3. The quantum of Government assistance lying with the recipients unutilized\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Factors to Minimize Surrenders<\/b><br>While framing estimates, due note is to be taken of <b>past performance, the stages of formulation\/implementation of the various schemes, the institutional capacity of the implementing agencies to implement the scheme as scheduled, constraints on spending by the spending agencies, and \u2014 most importantly \u2014 the quantum of Government assistance lying with the recipients unutilized<\/b>, with a view to minimize the scope for surrenders at a later stage. All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 153,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Public Accounts Committee requires that savings in a Grant be explained to the Committee where the savings amount to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 10 crore and above\",\r\n      \"rupees 50 crore and above\",\r\n      \"rupees 100 crore and above\",\r\n      \"rupees 500 crore and above\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Explanation of Savings to the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br><b>The Public Accounts Committee requires that savings in a Grant amounting to \u20b9100 CRORE AND ABOVE be explained to the Committee.<\/b> The other Parliamentary Committees have also been repeatedly expressing concern over the incidence of large savings in Grants, and the Budget Division has issued instructions on the need for effective mechanisms to realistically assess fund requirements so that unwarranted surrender of savings is avoided.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 154,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the establishment Budget, no provision may be made for posts which are lying vacant for\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"six months or more\",\r\n      \"one year or more\",\r\n      \"two years or more\",\r\n      \"three years or more\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Provision for Vacant Posts<\/b><br><b>No provision may be made in the establishment Budget for posts which are lying vacant for ONE YEAR OR MORE.<\/b> Even otherwise, provisioning for vacant posts should be made with circumspection so as to avoid chances of eventual savings due to these vacant posts not being filled up.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 155,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the Statement of Budget Estimates, the schemes are to be depicted up to a maximum of how many levels?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Two\",\r\n      \"Three\",\r\n      \"Four\",\r\n      \"Six\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Depiction of Schemes in the SBE<\/b><br>In the Statements of Budget Estimates the schemes will be depicted <b>up to a maximum of THREE levels only, namely (a) Umbrella Schemes, (b) Schemes and (c) Sub-Schemes<\/b>. All schemes would be categorized as either Centrally Sponsored Schemes or Central Sector Schemes, including the provision for North East and Sikkim.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 156,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Where a scheme has an Externally Aided Project component and\/or is funded from a Fund in the Public Account, the components have to be separately depicted at the sub-scheme level as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Gross Budgetary Support; EAP Component; and Amount met from the named Fund\",\r\n      \"Revenue; Capital; and Loans\",\r\n      \"Charged; Voted; and Recovery\",\r\n      \"Establishment; Scheme; and Other Central Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Depiction of EAP and Fund Components<\/b><br>If a scheme has an EAP component and\/or is funded from a Fund in the Public Account (for example funding from cesses), then the components have to be separately depicted at the sub-scheme level as <b>(a) Gross Budgetary Support, (b) EAP Component and (c) Amount met from (Name of Fund)<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 157,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Where the utilization of a Public Account Fund is towards a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, the transfer of the corresponding amount should be made from the major head\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2552 or 4552\",\r\n      \"3601 or 3602\",\r\n      \"2235 or 2236\",\r\n      \"4000 or 8000\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Transfers Relating to Centrally Sponsored Schemes<\/b><br>Entries related to transfer to a Fund and the amount met from the Fund are shown as two separate entries in the SBEs below the schemes which are funded from it. <b>In case the utilization of the Public Account Fund is towards a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, then transfer of the corresponding amount should be made from the major head 3601\/3602, to ensure that the transfers to States are not understated.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 158,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Provisions relating to 'transfers to' and 'amount met from' any reserve fund may not be made from the Major Heads denoting North Eastern Areas, that is, 2552, 4552 and 6552, because\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"these heads are used to disclose transitory provisions which will ultimately be re-appropriated to functional Major Heads at the time of incurring expenditure\",\r\n      \"these heads are exempt from the ten per cent earmarking requirement\",\r\n      \"no reserve fund exists for the North Eastern Region\",\r\n      \"these heads may be operated only by the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Why 2552, 4552 and 6552 Are Not Used for Fund Transfers<\/b><br>Provisions relating to 'transfers to' and 'amount met from' any reserve fund may not be made from the Major Heads denoting North Eastern Areas <b>as these heads are used to disclose the TRANSITORY provisions, which will ultimately be re-appropriated to functional Major Heads at the time of incurring expenditure<\/b>. Such provisions may instead be made under the relevant functional heads.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 159,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Scheme allocation in the Statement of Budget Estimates continues to be prepared major head-wise. This information is used to generate\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Demands for Grants, Part B of the Statement of Budget Estimates and the statements in the Budget Profile\",\r\n      \"the Annual Financial Statement and the Finance Bill\",\r\n      \"the Appropriation Accounts and the Finance Accounts\",\r\n      \"the Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Purpose of Major Head-wise Scheme Allocation<\/b><br>Scheme allocation continues to be prepared major head-wise, and <b>this information is used to generate the Demands for Grants (DG), Part B of the Statement of Budget Estimates and the statements in the Budget Profile<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 160,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the Statement of Budget Estimates, where an existing line or umbrella scheme has items which belong to more than one of the six broad categories of Central Government expenditure,\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the line is retained as it is and shown under the predominant category\",\r\n      \"the existing line needs to be broken up and adjusted suitably under the relevant categories\",\r\n      \"the line is shown separately outside the six categories\",\r\n      \"the matter is referred to the Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Breaking Up a Composite Budget Line<\/b><br>In the SBE, all budget lines should be categorized into one of the six categories. <b>In case the existing line\/umbrella scheme has items which belong to more than one of the six categories, then the existing line would need to be BROKEN UP and adjusted suitably under the relevant categories.<\/b> Illustratively, an umbrella such as 'Welfare of Children' having a central sector scheme and untied grants-in-aid to an autonomous body would be split, the scheme going under 'Central Sector Schemes' and the assistance to the autonomous body under 'Other Central Expenditure'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 161,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Where grants are being given to an autonomous body under a scheme for implementing that scheme, the position in the Statement of Budget Estimates is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the line must be broken up and shown partly under Other Central Expenditure\",\r\n      \"the line need not be broken up and would figure under the Central Sector Scheme\",\r\n      \"the grant must be shown under Centrally Sponsored Schemes\",\r\n      \"the grant must be shown under Establishment Expenditure of the Centre\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Grants to Autonomous Bodies under a Scheme<\/b><br>It may be noted that <b>if grants are being given to any autonomous body UNDER A SCHEME for implementing that scheme, then the line need not be broken up and would figure under the Central Sector Scheme<\/b>. It is only untied grants-in-aid, not under a scheme, that go under 'Other Central Expenditure'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 162,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following information is required to be furnished to the Budget Division along with the provisional Statements of Budget Estimates?\\n1. Items of expenditure which are matched by or linked to receipts, such as externally aided projects, bonus shares and cesses\\n2. Provision included in respect of vacant posts\\n3. A separate statement giving the committed liabilities as arrears of the Ministry or Department\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Information Accompanying the Provisional SBEs<\/b><br>All three are required. The <b>committed liabilities as arrears<\/b> are described as <b>liabilities which have neither been paid nor been provided in the Budget but are supported through a valid sanction<\/b> \u2014 that is, payments already due but lying unfulfilled due to lack of budgetary provision.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 163,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Details of unspent balances released by a Ministry but pending utilisation by implementing agencies are required in respect of all grantee or loanee bodies, other than the States, which received a grant or loan of more than\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 25 lakh\",\r\n      \"rupees 50 lakh\",\r\n      \"rupees 1 crore\",\r\n      \"rupees 5 crore\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Unspent Balances with Grantee\/Loanee Bodies<\/b><br>Unspent balances (released by the Ministry but pending for utilisation by implementing agencies) are required <b>as on 31st March of the previous financial year, 30th June and 30th September of the current financial year, with all grantee\/loanee bodies (other than the States) in respect of all bodies which received MORE THAN \u20b91 CRORE grant\/loan<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 164,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Unspent balances and pending Utilization Certificates in respect of all schemes are required to be furnished\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Ministry-wise only\",\r\n      \"State-wise and scheme-wise\",\r\n      \"object head-wise\",\r\n      \"major head-wise\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Unspent Balances and Pending Utilization Certificates<\/b><br>Unspent balances and pending Utilization Certificates are to be furnished <b>STATE-WISE and SCHEME-WISE in respect of all schemes, as on 31st March of the previous financial year, 30th June and 30th September of the current financial year<\/b>. Explanations for variations between BE and RE (proposed) are also to be given <b>scheme-wise separately<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 165,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In connection with efforts to recover arrears of Non-Tax revenue, Ministries and Departments are required to state whether all their Central Public Sector Undertakings are paying dividend as per the new dividend policy issued by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Department of Public Enterprises\",\r\n      \"the Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\",\r\n      \"the Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"the Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Dividend Policy Compliance<\/b><br>Ministries\/Departments must report their efforts to recover arrears of Non-Tax revenue and <b>whether all their CPSUs are paying dividend as per the new dividend policy issued by DIPAM's O.M. No. 5\/2\/2016-Policy dated 27.05.2016<\/b>. Actuals of the last year and estimates for the current year are also to be provided.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 166,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Briefs for the pre-Budget meetings, in a prescribed format with tentative Revised Estimates and Budget Estimates ceilings, are prepared by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Financial Adviser of the Ministry concerned\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"NITI Aayog\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Briefs for Pre-Budget Meetings<\/b><br><b>The Budget Division prepares briefs for the pre-Budget meetings in a prescribed format, with tentative RE and BE ceilings.<\/b> Detailed discussions are then held on various items of expenditure on the basis of trends of expenditure, absorptive capacity, unspent balance, and status of appraisal and approval of the schemes\/projects.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 167,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Consequent to the pre-Budget meetings, the provisional ceilings for expenditure are communicated to Ministries and Departments after the approval of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secretary (Expenditure)\",\r\n      \"Finance Minister\",\r\n      \"Prime Minister\",\r\n      \"Cabinet\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Communication of Provisional Ceilings<\/b><br>Expenditure estimates are provisionally finalized after Secretary (Expenditure) completes discussions with the Secretaries and Financial Advisers. <b>Consequent to the pre-Budget meetings, provisional ceilings for expenditure are communicated to Ministries\/Departments after the approval of the FINANCE MINISTER.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 168,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"At the pre-Budget meetings, in respect of autonomous bodies and implementing agencies for which a dedicated corpus fund has been created, Ministries and Departments are required to explain\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"only the amount of grant-in-aid proposed for the ensuing year\",\r\n      \"the reasons for their continuance, the requirement of grant-in-aid support, and why the same should not be wound up\",\r\n      \"only the interest earned on the corpus fund\",\r\n      \"only the audit observations on their accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scrutiny of Corpus Funds<\/b><br>All Ministries\/Departments are required to submit details of all the autonomous bodies\/implementing agencies for which a dedicated corpus fund has been created. <b>Reasons for their continuance and requirement of grant-in-aid support, and why the same should not be wound up, should be explained.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 169,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"All Ministries and Departments, except those specifically exempted by the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region, are required to spend what proportion of the Gross Budget Support from their allocation under Central Sector Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes for the benefit of the North Eastern Region and Sikkim?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"5 per cent\",\r\n      \"10 per cent\",\r\n      \"15 per cent\",\r\n      \"20 per cent\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Earmarking for the North Eastern Region and Sikkim<\/b><br>All Ministries\/Departments (except those specifically exempted by DoNER) are required to <b>spend 10% of the Gross Budget Support (GBS) from their allocation under Central Sector Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes for the benefit of the North Eastern Region and Sikkim<\/b>. DoNER sends the list of exempted Ministries\/Departments and schemes to the Budget Division by the due dates prescribed in the Budget Circular.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 170,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Budget provisions towards projects and schemes for development of the North Eastern Region and Sikkim are provided below Major Head '2552' for Revenue expenditure and Major Heads '4552' or '6552' for Capital expenditure, for\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"final booking of the expenditure under those heads\",\r\n      \"eventual re-appropriation to appropriate functional heads of expenditure\",\r\n      \"transfer to the Public Account at the close of the year\",\r\n      \"adjustment against the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Heads for North Eastern Region Provisions<\/b><br>Budget provisions towards projects\/schemes for development of the North Eastern Region and Sikkim may be provided under the respective schemes\/projects below <b>Major Head '2552 \u2013 North Eastern Region' for Revenue expenditure and Major Head '4552 \u2013 Capital Outlay on North Eastern Region'\/'6552 \u2013 Loans for North Eastern Region' for Capital expenditure, FOR EVENTUAL RE-APPROPRIATION TO APPROPRIATE FUNCTIONAL HEADS of expenditure<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 171,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Demand for Grant 'Pensions' is administered and controlled by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Central Pension Accounting Office, Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Department of Pension and Pensioners' Welfare\",\r\n      \"Budget Division, Department of Economic Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Composite Demand for Civil 'Pensions'<\/b><br>The Demand for Grant 'Pensions' is <b>administered and controlled by the Central Pension Accounting Office (CPAO), Department of Expenditure, New Delhi<\/b>. Accordingly, the Demand 'Pensions' for the ensuing financial year is <b>prepared and compiled by the CPAO<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 172,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The estimates of pensions in respect of the staff of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department retiring during the ensuing financial year are furnished to the Central Pension Accounting Office by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Accountant General\",\r\n      \"Director of Audit, Central Revenues\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Defence Accounts\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Pension Estimates for the Indian Audit and Accounts Department<\/b><br><b>The Director of Audit, Central Revenues will furnish to CPAO the estimates of pensions in respect of staff of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department retiring during the ensuing financial year.<\/b> In doing so, estimates of Post and Railway Audit Offices which are ab-initio debited to their working expenses and budgeted for separately shall be excluded.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 173,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Separate estimates of recoveries from State Governments on the pensions account are adjustable under the Receipt Major Head\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"'0070 \u2013 Other Administrative Services'\",\r\n      \"'0071 \u2013 Contributions and Recoveries towards Pension and Other Retirement Benefits'\",\r\n      \"'0075 \u2013 Miscellaneous General Services'\",\r\n      \"'2071 \u2013 Pensions and Other Retirement Benefits'\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Recoveries from State Governments on the Pensions Account<\/b><br>Separate estimates of corresponding recoveries from State Governments <b>adjustable under the Receipt major head '0071 \u2013 Contributions and Recoveries towards Pension and Other Retirement Benefits'<\/b> should be forwarded by the CPAO to the Budget Division, for incorporating them in the estimates of revenue receipts under the Department of Expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 174,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Expenditure out of the 'Compassionate Fund' is adjustable under a sub-head below which Major Head?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"'2071 \u2013 Pensions and Other Retirement benefits'\",\r\n      \"'2235 \u2013 Social Security and Welfare'\",\r\n      \"'2075 \u2013 Miscellaneous General Services'\",\r\n      \"'2236 \u2013 Nutrition'\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Compassionate Fund<\/b><br>The expenditure out of the 'Compassionate Fund' is adjustable under the sub-head <b>'Payment from Compassionate Fund' under Major Head '2235 \u2013 Social Security and Welfare \u2013 Other Social Security and Welfare Programmes \u2013 Other Programmes'<\/b>. In furnishing the estimates for payments out of the Compassionate Fund, this classification is to be adopted.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 175,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Central Government Employees' Insurance Scheme is confined to those employees only who have opted out of the Group Insurance Scheme introduced from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st January 1980\",\r\n      \"1st January 1982\",\r\n      \"1st April 1982\",\r\n      \"1st April 1985\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Central Government Employees' Insurance Scheme<\/b><br>This Scheme <b>is confined to those employees only who have opted out of the Group Insurance Scheme introduced from 1st January 1982<\/b>. The <b>Department of Expenditure (Establishment Division)<\/b> furnishes consolidated estimates of expenditure to the Budget Division, under advice to the CPAO.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 176,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Estimates of loans to Government servants should be accompanied by a Statement indicating actual disbursements under each category of advance during\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the preceding financial year only\",\r\n      \"the preceding three years, and also actual expenditure in the first 6 months of the current financial year\",\r\n      \"the preceding five years\",\r\n      \"the current financial year only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Estimates of Loans to Government Servants<\/b><br>These estimates should be accompanied by a Statement indicating <b>actual disbursements under each category of advance during the preceding THREE years, and also actual expenditure in the first 6 months of the current financial year<\/b>. The estimates and actuals may be furnished by the Budget Section of the concerned Ministry\/Department.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 177,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The information furnished for inclusion in the Demands for Grants regarding items of new service should\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"exactly match the information included in the Detailed Demand for Grant of the respective Ministry\/Department\",\r\n      \"be more detailed than that in the Detailed Demand for Grant\",\r\n      \"be confined to items exceeding rupees one crore\",\r\n      \"be furnished only after the Appropriation Bill is passed\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>New Service Statement<\/b><br>A Statement showing items of new service for which provision is made in the BE of the ensuing financial year should be furnished to the Ministry of Finance, and <b>the information so furnished for inclusion in the Demands for Grants should EXACTLY MATCH the information included in the Detailed Demand for Grant of the respective Ministry\/Department<\/b>. Attention is invited to the Revised Guidelines on Financial Limits for determining cases relating to 'New Service\/New Instrument of Service'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 178,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the Detailed Demands for Grants, Ministries and Departments must ensure that the totals for each Major Head and the total provisions by Revenue and Capital Sections separately for 'charged' and 'voted'\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"exactly correspond to the provisions included in the Demands for Grants prepared by the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"are shown only in the summary and not in the body of the document\",\r\n      \"are reconciled with the Finance Accounts of the preceding year\",\r\n      \"are certified by the Comptroller and Auditor General before printing\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reconciliation of the Detailed Demands with the Demands for Grants<\/b><br>Ministries\/Departments shall ensure that these totals <b>exactly correspond to the provisions included in the Demands for Grants which are prepared by the Budget Division<\/b>. <b>Final print order for the Detailed Demands for Grants should be given only after the reconciliation is completed.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 179,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the Detailed Demands for Grants, the Major Head number and description are required to be indicated\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"at the top right corner of each page under the header line\",\r\n      \"at the bottom of each page as a footnote\",\r\n      \"only on the first page of each Demand\",\r\n      \"only in the summary statement\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Placement of the Major Head Number<\/b><br><b>The Major Head number and description may be indicated at the TOP RIGHT CORNER of each page of the Detailed Demands for Grants, under the header line.<\/b> The Major Head codes shown in the Detailed Demands for Grants should also correspond to the code in the main Demands for Grants.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 180,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Among the Schedules and Statements accompanying the Detailed Demands for Grants, the Schedule showing broad details of non-scheme expenditure provisions relates to provisions of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 5 lakh and above\",\r\n      \"rupees 10 lakh and above\",\r\n      \"rupees 25 lakh and above\",\r\n      \"rupees 1 crore and above\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Non-Scheme Expenditure Schedule<\/b><br>The Detailed Demands for Grants are accompanied by a <b>Schedule showing broad details of non-scheme expenditure provisions of \u20b925 LAKHS AND ABOVE<\/b>. Other accompanying Schedules include the estimated strength of establishment grouped according to pay scales, project-wise provision for externally aided projects, and provisions for grants-in-aid to non-Government bodies.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 181,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Statement showing details of individual works and projects\\nB. Statement showing transfer or gift of Government properties to non-Government bodies\\nC. Statement showing grants-in-aid actually sanctioned to private institutions, organizations or individuals during the year (recurring)\\nD. Statement showing the source of funds for grantee bodies receiving grants from the Consolidated Fund of India and other sources\\nList-II\\n1. Value exceeding rupees 5 lakhs\\n2. Over rupees 10 lakh per year\\n3. Costing rupees 5 crore or above\\n4. Exceeding rupees 5 lakhs\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Monetary Limits in the Schedules to the Detailed Demands for Grants<\/b><br>The prescribed Statements include those showing <b>details of individual works and projects costing \u20b95 crore or above<\/b>; <b>transfer or gift of Government properties of value exceeding \u20b95 lakhs to non-Government bodies<\/b>; <b>grants-in-aid exceeding \u20b95 lakhs (recurring) or \u20b910 lakhs (non-recurring) actually sanctioned to private institutions\/organizations\/individuals during the year<\/b>; and <b>the source of funds for grantee bodies receiving grants of over \u20b910 lakh per year from the Consolidated Fund of India and from other sources including external sources<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 182,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the Statement showing contributions to International bodies provided for in the Budget Estimates, which of the following is excluded?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Contributions constituting revenue expenditure\",\r\n      \"Membership fees to international bodies constituting revenue expenditure\",\r\n      \"Subscriptions to international bodies which represent investments and are accounted for in the capital section\",\r\n      \"Contributions to international organisations related to specific functions\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Contributions to International Bodies<\/b><br>This statement <b>includes only items of contribution and membership fees to international bodies which constitute REVENUE expenditure<\/b>. <b>Subscriptions to international bodies which represent investments and are accounted for in the CAPITAL section are to be EXCLUDED from it.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 183,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"No new sub-head or detailed head may be opened and incorporated in the Detailed Demands for Grants without getting the necessary numeric codes assigned therefor from the office of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Standard Numeric Codification<\/b><br>Instructions issued in December 1994 regarding standard numeric codification of heads of accounts are to be strictly adhered to. <b>No new sub-head\/detailed head will be opened and incorporated in the Detailed Demands for Grants without getting the necessary numeric codes assigned therefor from the office of the CONTROLLER GENERAL OF ACCOUNTS.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 184,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Detailed Demands for Grants:\\n1. They shall be mandatorily entered by the Ministries\/Departments in the Union Budget Information System.\\n2. The Detailed Demands for Grants generated from that System would be fed into the Public Financial Management System for enabling incurring of expenditure.\\n3. Ministries\/Departments may upload the full details of the Detailed Demands for Grants as approved by the Parliament on their websites for transparency.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>UBIS, PFMS and Website Uploading<\/b><br>All three are correct \u2014 the Detailed Demands for Grants <b>shall be mandatorily entered in UBIS<\/b>; <b>the DDG generated from UBIS would be fed into PFMS for enabling incurring of expenditure<\/b>; and instructions have been issued for <b>uploading the Detailed Demands for Grants on the website of the administrative Ministry\/Department<\/b>, all Ministries\/Departments being asked to upload the full details of the DDG as approved by the Parliament for transparency.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 185,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"For calculating the percentage of earmarking of funds under the Scheduled Castes Sub Plan and the Tribal Area Sub Plan, the base to be taken is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the total allocation for Centrally Sponsored schemes only\",\r\n      \"the total allocation for Central Sector schemes only\",\r\n      \"the total allocation for Centrally Sponsored and Central Sector schemes of the obligated Ministries\",\r\n      \"the total Budget of the Ministry, including establishment expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Base for SCSP and TASP Earmarking<\/b><br><b>Total allocation for Centrally Sponsored and Central Sector schemes of the obligated Ministries shall be taken for calculation of the percentage of earmarking of funds under SCSP and TASP.<\/b> Ministries\/Departments may ensure that the allocation under SCSP\/TASP <b>shall not be less than the Budget Estimates of the previous year<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 186,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Requests for exemption from earmarking or incurring expenditure for the Scheduled Castes Sub Plan and the Tribal Area Sub Plan are considered by the nodal Ministries, namely\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment for SCSP and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for TASP\",\r\n      \"the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for SCSP and the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment for TASP\",\r\n      \"the NITI Aayog for both\",\r\n      \"the Ministry of Finance for both\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Nodal Ministries for SCSP and TASP Exemptions<\/b><br>Requests for exemption from earmarking or incurring expenditure for SCSP and TASP by the obligated Ministries\/Departments <b>shall be considered by the nodal Ministries, i.e. the Ministry of Social Justice &amp; Empowerment for SCSP and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for TASP, with the approval of their Ministers<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 187,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"At the time of pre-Budget meetings, a comprehensive review of progress of expenditure under the Scheduled Castes Sub Plan and the Tribal Area Sub Plan of the obligated Ministries is undertaken with reference to the Minor Heads\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"789 for SCSP and 796 for TASP\",\r\n      \"793 for SCSP and 794 for TASP\",\r\n      \"789 for TASP and 796 for SCSP\",\r\n      \"2552 for SCSP and 4552 for TASP\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Minor Heads 789 and 796<\/b><br>At the time of pre-Budget meetings, a comprehensive review of progress of expenditure <b>under SCSP (Minor Head 789) and TASP (Minor Head 796)<\/b> of the obligated Ministries\/Departments is undertaken, the Ministries\/Departments being required to feed the relevant data in UBIS for review and consideration in the pre-Budget meeting.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 188,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are presented as disclosure requirements under the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act?\\n1. Guarantees given by the Government\\n2. Tax Revenues raised but not realized\\n3. Arrears of Non-Tax Revenues\\n4. Asset Register\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Four FRBM Disclosure Statements<\/b><br>The following statements are presented as a disclosure requirement under the FRBM Act: <b>(i) Guarantees given by the Government; (ii) Tax Revenues raised but not realized; (iii) Arrears of Non-Tax Revenues; and (iv) Asset Register<\/b>. All four are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 189,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Statement of Guarantees is to be extracted from the Register of Guarantees maintained by the respective Ministries and Departments, and the guarantees are required to be classified into\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"four classes as mentioned in the General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"six classes as mentioned in the General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"three classes as mentioned in the FRBM Rules, 2004\",\r\n      \"eight classes as mentioned in the Government Guarantee Policy, 2022\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Classification of Guarantees<\/b><br>The Statement of Guarantees should be extracted from the <b>Register of Guarantees<\/b> maintained by the respective Ministries\/Departments, and <b>Ministries\/Departments need to classify their guarantees into SIX classes as mentioned in GFR, 2017<\/b>. <b>A revised Government Guarantee Policy, 2022 has been published in May, 2022.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 190,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Under the Annuity model for infrastructure development activities approved by the Government of India, the concessionaire\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"receives a construction grant from the Government and recovers only the maintenance cost through annuities\",\r\n      \"meets the entire upfront or construction cost with no grant paid by the Government, and recovers the entire investment and a pre-determined cost of return out of the annuities payable by the Government every year\",\r\n      \"receives the entire cost upfront from the Government and undertakes maintenance free of charge\",\r\n      \"meets only the maintenance expenditure, the construction cost being borne by the Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Annuity Projects<\/b><br>Under this model, <b>the concessionaire (private sector) is required to meet the entire upfront\/construction cost \u2014 no grant is paid by the Government \u2014 and the expenditure on annual maintenance. The concessionaire recovers the entire investment and a pre-determined cost of return out of the annuities payable by the Government every year.<\/b> Information in this regard is provided in the prescribed format of the Budget Circular.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 191,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"While preparing the disclosure statements under the FRBM Rules, values are required to be shown in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"crore of rupees, and not in lakhs or thousands\",\r\n      \"lakhs of rupees, and not in crore\",\r\n      \"thousands of rupees\",\r\n      \"the unit chosen by each Ministry\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Unit of Reporting in the Disclosure Statements<\/b><br><b>Values may be shown in CRORE of rupees and not in lakhs\/thousands \u2014 for example, an asset valued at \u20b9forty lakh may be shown as \u20b90.40 crore.<\/b> Consistency must also be ensured between the information provided to the Budget Division and the information going into the C&amp;AG's reports on Direct and Indirect Taxes for the relevant year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 192,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"In the disclosure statements, reasons are required to be explained in the appropriate remark portion whenever the arrears of Non-Tax revenue are more than\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 100 crore\",\r\n      \"rupees 250 crore\",\r\n      \"rupees 500 crore\",\r\n      \"rupees 1,000 crore\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Threshold for Explaining Arrears of Non-Tax Revenue<\/b><br><b>Whenever arrears of Non-Tax revenue are more than \u20b9500 CRORE, the reasons for the same may be explained in the appropriate remark portion.<\/b> While reporting Non-Tax revenue arrears, information relating to guarantee fee arrears should also be reconciled, and variations with the previous year's reported information are to be explained in footnotes or the remark portion.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 193,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the submission of the FRBM disclosure statements:\\n1. Arrears of Non-Tax Revenue and Asset Register Statements may be submitted in the Union Budget Information System only.\\n2. The statements duly signed by the competent authority, with telephone number, may be forwarded to the Department of Economic Affairs.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Mode of Submission of the Disclosure Statements<\/b><br><b>Arrears of Non-Tax Revenue and Asset Register Statements may be submitted in UBIS ONLY<\/b>, and <b>the statements duly signed by the competent authority (with telephone number) may be forwarded to the Department of Economic Affairs<\/b>. Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 194,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"The Comptroller and Auditor General has observed inconsistencies and discrepancies in the disclosure statements relating to\\n1. arrears of non-tax revenues.\\n2. loans to foreign governments.\\n3. variation in closing and opening balances of physical and financial assets.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>C&amp;AG Observations on the Disclosure Statements<\/b><br>The C&amp;AG in its reports has observed that the disclosure statements contained inconsistencies\/discrepancies relating to <b>arrears of non-tax revenues, loans to foreign governments, and variation in closing and opening balances of physical and financial assets<\/b>, when compared to the Union Government Finance Account. In view of this, all Ministries\/Departments are required to ensure utmost accuracy in reporting.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 195,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 3: BUDGET PROCESS\",\r\n    question: \"Ministries and Departments concerned are especially responsible for ensuring that the totals in the disclosure statements tally with the information in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Union Government's Finance Accounts\",\r\n      \"Appropriation Accounts of the Ministry\",\r\n      \"Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"Outcome Budget document\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reconciliation with the Finance Accounts<\/b><br><b>Ministries\/Departments concerned will especially be responsible for ensuring that these totals also tally with the information in the UNION GOVERNMENT'S FINANCE ACCOUNTS.<\/b> This follows from the C&amp;AG's observations on inconsistencies between the disclosure statements and the Finance Account.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 196,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the entire process of Budget preparation commencing with the issue of the Budget Circular, there is a need for maintaining\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"secrecy, accuracy and timeliness\",\r\n      \"economy, efficiency and effectiveness\",\r\n      \"transparency, accountability and participation\",\r\n      \"uniformity, simplicity and flexibility\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Requirements of Budget Finalization<\/b><br>In the entire process of Budget preparation commencing with the issue of the Budget Circular, <b>there is a need for maintaining SECRECY, ACCURACY and TIMELINESS<\/b>. All statements, information and inputs require intensive checking, with special attention given to manually generated statements, for which an additional level of check is to be ensured.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 197,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The list of statements allocated and distributed amongst the staff and officers is circulated internally every year in the Budget Division with the approval of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Finance Secretary\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretary\/Additional Secretary (Budget)\",\r\n      \"Secretary (Expenditure)\",\r\n      \"Director (Budget)\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Internal Allocation of Statements<\/b><br>All statements, information and inputs require intensive checking, with special attention given to the manually generated statements. <b>The list of such statements allocated\/distributed amongst the staff and officers is circulated internally every year in the Budget Division, with the approval of JS\/AS (Budget).<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 198,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Officers of which rank in the Budget Division are required to follow up with Ministries and Departments for the receipt of information regarding the different Statements and Annexures of Budget documents for which they are responsible?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Directors and Deputy Secretaries\",\r\n      \"Deputy Directors and Under Secretaries\",\r\n      \"Joint Secretaries and Additional Secretaries\",\r\n      \"Section Officers and Assistants\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Follow-up Responsibility<\/b><br><b>The concerned Deputy Directors\/Under Secretaries in the Budget Division are required to follow up with Ministries\/Departments for the receipt of information regarding the different Statements\/Annexures of Budget documents for which they are responsible<\/b>, ensuring that they are received and processed within the given timelines.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 199,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Budget documents have been brought out in digital mode from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2017-2018\",\r\n      \"2019-2020\",\r\n      \"2021-2022\",\r\n      \"2022-2023\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paperless Budget<\/b><br><b>Budget documents from 2021-2022 have been brought out in digital mode.<\/b> Paperless Budget documents are provided through an e-mail to the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha Secretariat at the earliest after the completion of the Budget Speech by the Finance Minister in Parliament, and the Secretariats further distribute the Budget documents through online mode to Members of Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 200,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Paperless Budget documents are provided to the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha Secretariat through e-mail\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"on the evening before the day of Budget presentation\",\r\n      \"at the earliest after the completion of the Budget Speech by the Finance Minister in Parliament\",\r\n      \"immediately after the Appropriation Bill is passed\",\r\n      \"only after the President's assent to the Finance Bill\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Transmission of Paperless Budget Documents<\/b><br>Paperless Budget documents will be provided through an e-mail to the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha Secretariat <b>at the earliest AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE BUDGET SPEECH by the Finance Minister in Parliament<\/b>. The Lok Sabha\/Rajya Sabha Secretariat will further send\/distribute the Budget documents through online mode to Members of Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 201,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The assignment of the preparation and finalization of different Budget documents to different sections is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"fixed permanently by the General Financial Rules\",\r\n      \"dynamic and may be changed or re-assigned as per the requirements with the approval of AS\/JS (Budget)\",\r\n      \"decided afresh each year by the Finance Minister\",\r\n      \"prescribed in the Budget Circular issued to Ministries\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Allocation of Responsibility for Budget Documents<\/b><br>Preparation and finalization of different Budget documents is currently assigned to different sections; <b>however, these allocations are DYNAMIC and may be changed\/re-assigned as per the requirements with the approval of AS\/JS (Budget)<\/b>. <b>Each Director\/Deputy Secretary in charge of the concerned Section in the Budget Division is responsible for keeping a close watch and personally supervising the preparation of these documents.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 202,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"After the pre-Budget meetings are over, the approved ceilings for expenditure as finalised in those meetings are communicated\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"as a single consolidated ceiling for each Ministry\",\r\n      \"including ceilings for Revenue and Capital expenditure separately\",\r\n      \"only in respect of scheme expenditure\",\r\n      \"only after the approval of the Cabinet\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Communication of Approved Ceilings<\/b><br>After the pre-Budget meetings are over, approved ceilings for expenditure as finalised in these meetings are communicated <b>INCLUDING CEILINGS FOR REVENUE AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURE SEPARATELY<\/b>, on the basis of which Financial Advisers are required to prepare the Statement of Budget Estimates (Final) in the form prescribed in the Budget Circular and forward it to the Budget Division.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 203,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The software created for the submission, processing and finalization of the Statement of Budget Estimates and other Budget documents is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Public Financial Management System\",\r\n      \"Union Budget Information System\",\r\n      \"Government Integrated Financial Management System\",\r\n      \"RTI Management Information System\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Union Budget Information System (UBIS)<\/b><br><b>A software, viz. the Union Budget Information System (UBIS), has been created for submission\/processing and finalization of the Statement of Budget Estimates and other Budget documents.<\/b> This system is available online and can be accessed by Ministries\/Departments for filling in the details of estimates. The Detailed Demands for Grants generated from UBIS are fed into PFMS for enabling incurring of expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 204,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The classification of Central Government expenditure into six broad categories was introduced with the merger of Plan and Non-Plan classification in Budget and accounts from the Budget for\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2015-2016\",\r\n      \"2016-2017\",\r\n      \"2017-2018\",\r\n      \"2021-2022\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Six Broad Categories<\/b><br><b>With the merger of Plan and Non Plan classification in Budget and accounts from the Budget for 2017-2018, the Central Government expenditure has been classified into six broad categories<\/b> \u2014 under Centre's Expenditure: Establishment Expenditure of the Centre, Central Sector Schemes, and Other Central Expenditure; and under Centrally Sponsored Schemes and other Transfers: Centrally Sponsored Schemes, Finance Commission Transfers, and Other Transfers to States.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 205,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following would be included under 'Establishment Expenditure of the Centre'?\\n1. Salaries, wages and overtime allowances\\n2. Foreign travel expenses and domestic travel expenses\\n3. Cost of ration, clothing and tentage\\n4. Rent, rates and taxes and royalty\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Establishment Expenditure of the Centre<\/b><br>This category <b>includes all the establishment related expenditure of the Ministries\/Departments, including establishment expenditure on attached and subordinate offices<\/b>, on heads such as <b>salaries, medical expenses, wages, overtime allowances, foreign travel expenses, domestic travel expenses, office expenses, materials and supplies, publications, advertising and publicity, training, other administrative expenses, POL, cost of ration, clothing and tentage, professional services, rent rates and taxes, royalty, pensionary charges, rewards and minor works, motor vehicles and information technology<\/b>. All four are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 206,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Central Sector Schemes are those which are entirely funded by the Central Government and implemented by the Central Agencies. As an exception, they may be allowed to be implemented through the concerned State implementing agencies\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"at the discretion of the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"with the specific prior consent of the Finance Ministry (Department of Expenditure), the transfer of funds in such cases being made directly to the implementing agencies and not through the State treasuries\",\r\n      \"only where the State Government contributes a matching share\",\r\n      \"only where the scheme is included in Statement 4A of the Expenditure Profile\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Central Sector Schemes Implemented through State Agencies<\/b><br>Central Sector Schemes are entirely funded by the Central Government and implemented by Central Agencies. <b>In some cases, as an exception and with the specific prior consent of the Finance Ministry (Department of Expenditure), they may be allowed to be implemented through the concerned State implementing agencies. The transfer of funds in such cases will be done DIRECTLY to the implementing agencies and NOT through the State treasuries.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 207,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of bodies such as the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and Atomic Energy, which also implement some Central Sector schemes, the provision related to those schemes is shown in the category\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Other Central Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Central Sector Schemes\",\r\n      \"Establishment Expenditure of the Centre\",\r\n      \"Centrally Sponsored Schemes\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Treatment of Scheme Provisions of Autonomous Bodies<\/b><br>'Other Central Expenditure' includes provisions made for Central expenditure on CPSUs, autonomous bodies etc. and other expenditure such as interest payments, repayment of debt and contribution to international organizations. However, <b>in certain cases such as ICAR, CSIR and Atomic Energy which ALSO implement some Central Sector schemes, the provision related to the schemes will be shown in the category of CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEMES<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 208,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The central share for Centrally Sponsored Schemes is routed through the State\/Union Territory treasuries as grants under various object heads, except in the case of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Direct Benefit Transfers, where the functional heads could be used\",\r\n      \"externally aided projects, where the object heads could be used\",\r\n      \"schemes for the North Eastern Region, where Major Head 2552 is used\",\r\n      \"schemes funded from a Fund in the Public Account\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Routing of the Central Share<\/b><br>Centrally Sponsored Schemes are implemented by the State\/UT governments with the sharing pattern as approved by the Government. <b>The central share is routed through the State\/UT treasuries as grants under various object heads, EXCEPT in the case of Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT), where the functional heads could be used.<\/b> In such cases a mapping of the allocations under Centrally Sponsored schemes not routed through State treasuries is required in order to work out the total quantum of resource transfers to the States.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 209,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The category 'Finance Commission Transfers' appears only in the demand titled\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"'Transfers to States' under the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"'Interest Payments' under the Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"'Pensions' under the Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"'Grants-in-aid to State Governments' under the Ministry of Home Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Where Finance Commission Transfers Appear<\/b><br><b>The category 'Finance Commission Transfers' will only come in the demand titled 'Transfers to States' under the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance.<\/b> The category 'Other Transfers to States' includes all other transfers to States, such as those made under the National Disaster Response Fund and assistance to schemes under proviso (i) to Article 275(1) of the Constitution.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 210,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Transfers made under the National Disaster Response Fund and assistance to schemes under proviso (i) to Article 275(1) of the Constitution fall under which of the six broad categories?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Centrally Sponsored Schemes\",\r\n      \"Finance Commission Transfers\",\r\n      \"Other Transfers to States\",\r\n      \"Other Central Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Other Transfers to States<\/b><br><b>The category 'Other Transfers to States' will include all other transfers to States, such as those made under the National Disaster Response Fund and assistance to schemes under proviso (i) to Article 275(1) of the Constitution.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 211,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Voted Expenditure\\nB. Charged Expenditure\\nC. Recovery\\nD. Receipt\\nList-II\\n1. C\\n2. R\\n3. E\\n4. Y\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Expenditure Type Codes<\/b><br>In the Statement of Budget Estimates, expenditure is categorized as <b>Voted Expenditure (E), Charged Expenditure (C), Recovery (Y) and Receipt (R)<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 212,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of Expenditure Type 'Receipt', the Major Head Expenditure is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the major head under which expenditure is incurred or proposed\",\r\n      \"the major head against which the receipt is netted\",\r\n      \"the same as the Major Head Receipt\/Recovery\",\r\n      \"not applicable at all\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Major Head Expenditure by Expenditure Type<\/b><br>In the case of Expenditure Type <b>Charged\/Voted\/Total<\/b>, the Major Head Expenditure is <b>the major head under which expenditure is incurred\/proposed<\/b>; in the case of Expenditure Type <b>Receipt<\/b>, it is <b>the major head against which the receipt is netted<\/b>; and in the case of Expenditure Type <b>Recovery<\/b>, it is <b>the same as the Major Head Receipt\/Recovery<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 213,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"A 'PSE Category' in the Statement of Budget Estimates is a heading which appears by itself without any number preceding it in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Part A of the Statement of Budget Estimates\",\r\n      \"Part B of the Statement of Budget Estimates\",\r\n      \"Part C of the Statement of Budget Estimates\",\r\n      \"the Detailed Demands for Grants\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>PSE Category<\/b><br><b>A PSE Category is a heading which appears by itself without any number preceding it in PART C of the SBE and is a grouping for PSEs. All PSEs within a category are totalled at the end of the Category.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 214,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the database, the worksheet for the Statement of Budget Estimates has one worksheet for each Demand for Grant, each worksheet being identified separately as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"SBExx, where xx is the demand number\",\r\n      \"Dxx, where xx is the demand number\",\r\n      \"MHxx, where xx is the major head number\",\r\n      \"Gxx, where xx is the grant number\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Identification of Worksheets<\/b><br>The worksheet for the Statement of Budget Estimates in the database will have one worksheet for each Demand for Grant, and <b>each worksheet is identified separately as Dxx, where xx is the demand number \u2014 e.g. D10, D25<\/b>. <b>Both the Statement of Budget Estimates and Demands for Grant provisions for individual demands are prepared in the same database worksheet<\/b>, the complete worksheet functioning as input as well as final output for SBEs and Demands for Grants.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 215,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The comprehensive training for the officers and staff of Ministries and Departments handling the Budget work, for a proper orientation and understanding of the Statement of Budget Estimates and the format in which information is to be sent, is conducted by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"National Informatics Centre of the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Institute of Government Accounts and Finance\",\r\n      \"Budget Division itself\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Training on the SBE Format<\/b><br><b>The NIC (National Informatics Centre) of the Ministry of Finance conducts a comprehensive training for the officers\/staff of Ministries\/Departments handling the Budget work<\/b>, for a proper orientation and understanding of the SBE and the format in which the information is required to be sent to the Budget Division.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 216,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"For checking the facts and figures in the Finance Minister's speech, insofar as they are referred to in other Budget documents, the responsibility lies with the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Revenue\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Chief Economic Adviser\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Checking the Budget Speech<\/b><br>For the preparation of the Budget Speech, various Departments\/Divisions in the Finance Ministry and other Departments\/Ministries are required to provide the input. <b>For checking facts and figures in the Finance Minister's speech insofar as they are referred to in other Budget documents, the same is done by the BUDGET DIVISION.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 217,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The practice has been to submit the 'Key to Budget Documents' for approval during the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"first week of December\",\r\n      \"first week of January\",\r\n      \"last week of January\",\r\n      \"first week of February\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Key to Budget Documents<\/b><br>In respect of this document, editorial revisions are carried out wherever required, the Key to Budget Document has to be added\/explained as the first document, and the Index has to be reviewed\/amended as per the changes made. <b>The practice has been to submit this document for approval during the FIRST WEEK OF JANUARY.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 218,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"While checking the Demands for Grants, the Demand Section is required to ensure the correctness of the nomenclature of Heads of Accounts, which is required to be checked from the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"List of Major and Minor Heads of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Budget Circular of the current year\",\r\n      \"Appropriation Accounts of the preceding year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Checks by the Demand Section<\/b><br>The Demand Section is required to check the Demands for Grants to ensure <b>(a) correctness of the number of the Demand for Grant; (b) nomenclature of Ministries\/Departments; (c) nomenclature of Heads of Accounts \u2014 which is required to be checked from the LIST OF MAJOR AND MINOR HEADS OF ACCOUNTS (LMMHA); and (d) that the DG summary is tallied with individual DGs<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 219,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The responsibility to call for information from all Ministries and Departments and prepare the Statement showing details of New Service\/New Instrument of Service lies with the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Demands Section of the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Financial Adviser of each Ministry\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Statement of New Service\/New Instrument of Service<\/b><br><b>The Demands Section has the responsibility to call for information from all Ministries\/Departments and prepare the Statement showing details of NS\/NIS on the basis of the information so furnished by the concerned Ministries\/Departments.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 220,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the Expenditure Budget, estimates and actual expenditure indicated in the document are generally net of recoveries. As an exception, details of expenditure met from dedicated reserve funds maintained in the Public Account are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"shown as recoveries and indicated as negative entries\",\r\n      \"shown as gross expenditure without any adjustment\",\r\n      \"excluded from the Expenditure Budget altogether\",\r\n      \"shown only in the Receipts Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Expenditure Met from Dedicated Reserve Funds<\/b><br>Estimates and actual expenditure indicated in the Expenditure Budget are generally net of recoveries. <b>As an exception, details of expenditure which are met from dedicated reserve funds maintained in the Public Account are shown as RECOVERIES and indicated as NEGATIVE (-) ENTRIES.<\/b> Actual expenditure for the previous year is mapped from the DDG data, furnished by the office of the CGA, to the line entries appearing in the SBE \u2014 an exercise carried out in UBIS.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 221,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Actual expenditure for the previous year appearing in the Expenditure Budget is mapped to the line entries in the Statement of Budget Estimates from the Detailed Demands for Grants data furnished by the office of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Chief Controller of Accounts of the Ministry concerned\",\r\n      \"Central Pension Accounting Office\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Mapping of Previous Year's Actuals<\/b><br><b>Actual expenditure for the previous year is mapped from the DDG data, furnished by the office of the CGA, to the line entries appearing in the Statement of Budget Estimates.<\/b> This exercise is carried out in the Union Budget Information System (UBIS).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 222,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the Expenditure Budget, it has to be further checked that the provisions for capital investment in Public Enterprises as indicated in Part C match with the provisions given in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Part A\",\r\n      \"Part B\",\r\n      \"the Receipts Budget\",\r\n      \"the Detailed Demands for Grants\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Internal Consistency of the Expenditure Budget<\/b><br>In the Expenditure Budget, it has to be further checked that <b>the provisions for capital investment in Public Enterprises as indicated in Part C matches with the provisions given in Part A<\/b>. Other checks exercised include the correctness of the number and nomenclature of Demands for Grants and of Major Heads and Budget provisions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 223,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"If any correction is required to be made at a later stage after the submission of the Statements of Budget Estimates to the National Informatics Centre, it must be routed through the National Informatics Centre in order to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"obtain the approval of the Finance Minister\",\r\n      \"ensure capture of the revised data in all the related statements\",\r\n      \"comply with the Budget Circular\",\r\n      \"maintain the secrecy of the Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Routing Later Corrections through NIC<\/b><br><b>If any correction is required to be made at a later stage after submission of the SBEs to NIC, the same must be routed through NIC for ensuring capture of the revised data in ALL the related statements.<\/b> This is important because some of the statements have to be compiled from the final SBEs.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 224,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following verifications are required to be carried out in relation to the Expenditure Budget?\\n1. Verification of Internal and Extra Budgetary Resources reflection in the Statements of Budget Estimates as per the PFC II Division\\n2. Verification of provisions for the North East Region\\n3. Verification of the CHECK DIGIT\\n4. Deletion of line entries where no expenditure provision or actual expenditure is zero\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Verifications in the Expenditure Budget<\/b><br>All four are prescribed. The list of verifications includes <b>ceilings verification; verification of IEBR reflection in SBEs as per PFC II Division and verification of Charged Expenditure; verification of provisions relating to Revised Estimates based upon supplementary given\/likely to be given; verification of Recoveries\/Netted receipts; verification of provisions for North East Region; reviewing the Write up (hard and soft copy); verification of the CHECK DIGIT; and deletion of line entries where no expenditure provision or actual expenditure is zero<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 225,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The checks required to be carried out during the lock-in period in the Budget Press include\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"verification of ceilings with detailed break-down, checking the provisions for Charged Expenditure in italics, checking of Recoveries\/Netted receipts, review of write ups and deletion of zero lines\",\r\n      \"verification of the Appropriation Accounts of the preceding year\",\r\n      \"reconciliation of the Detailed Demands for Grants with the Finance Accounts\",\r\n      \"certification of the Statements by the Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Lock-in Period Checks<\/b><br>The checks required during the lock-in period in the Budget Press include <b>(a) verification of ceilings with detailed break-down; (b) checking the provisions for Charged Expenditure (italics); and (c) checking on the Recoveries\/Netted receipts, review of write ups, and deletion of zero lines<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 226,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following statements are included in the Expenditure Profile?\\n1. Gender Budgeting\\n2. Schemes for Development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, including Scheduled Caste Sub Scheme and Tribal Sub Scheme allocations\\n3. Schemes for the Welfare of Children\\n4. Details of certain important funds in the Public Account\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Contents of the Expenditure Profile<\/b><br>The Expenditure Profile gives an aggregation of various types of expenditure and certain other items across demands through different Statements. It includes a statement each showing <b>(i) Gender Budgeting, (ii) Schemes for Development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes including SCSS and TSS allocations and (iii) Schemes for the Welfare of Children<\/b>, as well as statements on <b>the expenditure details and budget estimates regarding autonomous bodies and the details of certain important funds in the Public Account<\/b>. All four are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 227,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Department of Revenue is required to furnish the estimates in respect of Direct Taxes and Indirect Taxes to the Budget Division by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"31st December\",\r\n      \"7th January\",\r\n      \"15th January\",\r\n      \"31st January\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timeline for Tax Revenue Estimates<\/b><br>The Department of Revenue (CBDT and CBIC) is required to furnish the estimates in respect of Direct Taxes and Indirect Taxes <b>by 7th JANUARY to the Budget Division<\/b>. A write-up also needs to be submitted by the Revenue Department for Direct\/Indirect Taxes.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 228,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"On receipt of the estimates from the Central Board of Direct Taxes and the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs, the States' share is calculated from the shareable pool\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"as per the percentage recommended by the Finance Commission, after deducting the cost of collection\",\r\n      \"as per the percentage recommended by the NITI Aayog, before deducting the cost of collection\",\r\n      \"in equal proportion among all States\",\r\n      \"as determined by the Department of Expenditure each year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Calculation of the States' Share<\/b><br>On receipt of estimates from CBDT and CBIC, the <b>States' share is calculated for RE (Current Year)\/BE (ensuing FY) from the shareable pool, as per the percentage recommended by the FINANCE COMMISSION, AFTER DEDUCTING the cost of collection, as provided in the Expenditure Budget<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 229,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Non-Tax Revenue estimates, as approved by the designated Director in the Budget Division, are consolidated in the form of a Statement and submitted for the approval of the Secretary (Department of Economic Affairs) by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"end of November every year\",\r\n      \"end of December every year\",\r\n      \"first week of January every year\",\r\n      \"last week of January every year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Approval Timeline for Non-Tax Revenue Estimates<\/b><br>Letters are issued to the Ministries\/Departments (including UTs) calling for Non-Tax Revenue Receipts estimates by the due date mentioned in the Budget Circular. These estimates are given to the respective sections in the Budget Division for approval by the designated Director, <b>tentatively by the end of December<\/b>. <b>Estimates as approved by the Director are then consolidated in the form of a Statement and submitted for approval of Secretary (DEA) by the FIRST WEEK OF JANUARY every year<\/b>, for incorporation in the Receipt Budget documents.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 230,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Under Non-Debt Capital Receipts, repayment of loans receipts in respect of Central Public Sector Enterprises and in respect of States are compiled respectively by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"PD Section and the States Section\",\r\n      \"States Section and the PD Section\",\r\n      \"NS Section and the W&M Section\",\r\n      \"Demands Section and the Budget Press\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Compilation of Non-Debt Capital Receipts<\/b><br><b>Repayment of loans receipts in respect of CPSEs are compiled by the PD Section, and in respect of States are compiled by the 'States Section'. The estimates of disinvestment receipts are furnished by DIPAM.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 231,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Under Debt Capital Receipts, the estimate of Market Loan is worked out on the basis of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the market borrowing requirements of the Government\",\r\n      \"the information received from the Department of Posts\",\r\n      \"the estimates provided by the Reserve Bank of India for the Market Stabilization Scheme\",\r\n      \"the recommendations of the Finance Commission\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Market Loan Estimates<\/b><br><b>Market Loan is worked out on the basis of the Market borrowing requirements of the Government.<\/b> The National Small Savings Fund figure is compiled by the NS section on the basis of information received from the Department of Posts\/CGA\/Banks; and the Market Stabilization Scheme figure is included as per the estimates provided by the RBI.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 232,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Information relating to International Financial Institutions is compiled and sent to the Budget Division for incorporation in the Receipts Budget by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"OMI and BC Division of the Department of Economic Affairs, through the Integrated Finance Unit of that Department\",\r\n      \"Department of Revenue, through the Tax Research Unit\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure, through the PFC-II Division\",\r\n      \"Reserve Bank of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>International Financial Institutions<\/b><br><b>The OMI and BC Division of the Department of Economic Affairs compile the information and send it to the Budget Division for incorporation in the Receipts Budget, through the IFU of DEA.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 233,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the Annexures to the Receipts Budget showing Trends in Receipts, actual expenditure and receipt figures are given for how many preceding years to the current year, along with Revised Estimates of the current year and Budget Estimates for the ensuing year?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Four\",\r\n      \"Five\",\r\n      \"Eight\",\r\n      \"Ten\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Trends in Receipts<\/b><br>Annexures 1 and 2 (Trends in Receipts) are compiled on the basis of information furnished by the Controller General of Accounts. <b>Actual expenditure\/receipt figures are given for EIGHT preceding years to the current year, along with the Revised Estimates of the current year and the Budget Estimates for the ensuing year.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 234,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Annexure to the Receipts Budget showing the Reconciliation between Estimates of Receipts shown in the Annual Financial Statement and the Receipt Budget has two parts, namely\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Revenue Receipts and Capital Receipts\",\r\n      \"Tax Revenue and Non-Tax Revenue\",\r\n      \"Debt Receipts and Non-Debt Receipts\",\r\n      \"Union Receipts and State Receipts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reconciliation Annexure<\/b><br>This annex has two parts \u2014 <b>A: Revenue Receipts and B: Capital Receipts<\/b>. In Revenue Receipts, the difference between the AFS and Receipt Budget figures is on account of <b>Railway Receipts\/Postal Receipts\/Commercial Receipts\/Receipts Incidental to Market Borrowings and Write off or Waiver of Loans and Interest<\/b>; on the Capital Receipts side, it is mainly on account of <b>Public Debt Disbursement and Special Securities issued for payment of Subsidies<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 235,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Trends in Receipts\\nB. Statement showing State-wise Distribution of Net Proceeds of Union Taxes and Duties\\nC. Statement of Revenue Impact of Tax Incentives under the Central Tax System\\nD. Sources and applications of the National Small Savings Fund\\nList-II\\n1. Generated by the States Section on the basis of Finance Commission recommendation and estimates of tax receipts\\n2. Compiled by the NS section of the Budget Division\\n3. Compiled on the basis of information furnished by the Controller General of Accounts\\n4. Provided by the Department of Revenue\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Sources of the Receipts Budget Annexures<\/b><br><b>Trends in Receipts<\/b> are compiled on the basis of information furnished by the <b>Controller General of Accounts<\/b>; the <b>State-wise Distribution of Net Proceeds of Union Taxes and Duties<\/b> is generated by the <b>States Section<\/b> on the basis of Finance Commission recommendation and estimates of tax receipts; the <b>Statement of Revenue Impact of Tax Incentives<\/b> is provided by the <b>Department of Revenue<\/b>; and <b>Sources and applications of the National Small Savings Fund<\/b> is compiled by the <b>NS section of the Budget Division<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 236,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In Part B of the Receipts Budget, the Statement of Liability\/Assets is required to show actual figures for\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the year 1950-51 and four preceding years to the current year, along with Revised Estimates for the current year and Budget Estimates for the next year\",\r\n      \"the last ten years only\",\r\n      \"the year 1947-48 onwards\",\r\n      \"the current year only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Statement of Liability\/Assets<\/b><br><b>Actual figures are required to be shown for the year 1950-51, and four preceding years to the current year, along with RE for the current year and BE for the next year.<\/b> Actuals up to one year earlier than the current year are required to be verified with the figures of last year's Capital Receipts Budget, while last year's actual has to be taken from the figures provided by the CGA.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 237,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Annual Financial Statement is generated on the basis of information filled by different sections of the Budget Division in the Union Budget Information System, the actuals being on the basis of information provided by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Reserve Bank of India\",\r\n      \"Department of Revenue\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Generation of the Annual Financial Statement<\/b><br>The Annual Financial Statement <b>is generated on the basis of information filled by different sections of the Budget Division in the Union Budget Information System (UBIS). Actuals are on the basis of information provided by the CGA.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 238,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The document 'Key Features of Budget' is prepared on the basis of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Finance Minister's speech and the major features of the budgetary allocations for the Ministries\/Departments\",\r\n      \"the Economic Survey of the preceding year\",\r\n      \"the Detailed Demands for Grants of all Ministries\",\r\n      \"the Appropriation Accounts of the preceding year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Key Features of Budget<\/b><br><b>Key Features of Budget is prepared on the basis of the Finance Minister's speech and the major features of the budgetary allocations for the Ministries\/Departments.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 239,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Budget Press:\\n1. The Finance Ministry has its own press to print the entire set of Budget papers.\\n2. Entry to the Budget Press is restricted in the months before the Budget is presented.\\n3. Employees of the press stay in the Press along with other staff and officers who are also locked-in for the last few days.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Budget Press<\/b><br>All three are correct \u2014 <b>the Finance Ministry has its own press to print the entire set of Budget papers; entry to the Budget Press is restricted in the months before the Budget is presented; and employees of the press stay in the Press along with other staff and officers who are also locked-in for the last few days<\/b>. This is part of the security measure put in place to ensure foolproof secrecy for the Budget papers.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 240,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"During the Budget period, the completion of construction and maintenance works in and around the Budget Press is required to be ensured latest by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the 31st October\",\r\n      \"the 30th November\",\r\n      \"the 31st December\",\r\n      \"the 15th January\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Responsibilities of the Manager (Press)<\/b><br>During the Budget period, in order to complete the Budget printing work in time, the Manager (Press) is responsible for timely procurement and receipt of items for printing, ensuring that all key personnel are in position, cleanliness inside\/outside the Budget Press, coordination with other agencies such as the Fire Brigade, Delhi Police, MTNL, IB, Canteen, Hospital and setting up of CCTV, and <b>completion of construction\/maintenance works in and around the Budget Press latest by the 30th NOVEMBER<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 241,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Security arrangements for the entire Budget period are made by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Delhi Police, in consultation with the Ministry of Home Affairs\",\r\n      \"Intelligence Bureau, in consultation with the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Central Industrial Security Force, in consultation with the Budget Press\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Home Affairs, in consultation with the Finance Secretary\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Budget Security Arrangements<\/b><br><b>Security arrangements for the entire Budget period are made by the INTELLIGENCE BUREAU, in consultation with the Budget Division.<\/b> They are responsible for <b>screening all the officers and staff associated with the Budget<\/b> and set up an elaborate security arrangement in the Budget Division and the Budget Press to ensure secrecy of Budget related information.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 242,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Since which year have the expected outputs and outcomes of Schemes been presented in a consolidated Outcome Budget document, along with the Budget, in addition to the financial outlays of schemes?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2015-16\",\r\n      \"2016-17\",\r\n      \"2017-18\",\r\n      \"2019-20\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Outcome Budget \/ OOMF<\/b><br><b>Since 2017-18, in addition to the financial outlays of schemes of the Ministries being indicated in the Budget document, expected outputs and outcomes of Schemes are also being presented in a consolidated Outcome Budget document, along with the Budget.<\/b> These Outlays, Outputs and Outcomes are presented to the Parliament in measurable terms, bringing in greater accountability for the agencies involved in the execution of government schemes and projects.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 243,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Outlay\\nB. Output\\nC. Outcome\\nD. Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework\\nList-II\\n1. The collective results or qualitative improvements brought about by the delivery of services\\n2. Prepared for major Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes with outlay of rupees 500 crore and more\\n3. The amount that is provided for a given scheme or project in the Budget\\n4. The direct and measurable product of programme activities, often expressed in physical terms or units\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Outlay, Output and Outcome<\/b><br><b>Outlay is the amount that is provided for a given scheme or project in the Budget; Output refers to the direct and measurable product of programme activities, often expressed in physical terms or units; and Outcomes are the collective results or qualitative improvements brought about by the delivery of these services.<\/b> The document presented along with the Budget contains the <b>Output-Outcome Framework for major Central Sector (CS) Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) with outlay of \u20b9500 crore and more<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 244,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework is required to be submitted by Ministries and Departments, in the prescribed format, to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Budget Division, in English only\",\r\n      \"NITI Aayog, in English and Hindi\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure, in English and Hindi\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts, in English only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Submission of the OOMF<\/b><br><b>Ministries\/Departments shall submit the OOMF in the prescribed format to the NITI AAYOG (in English and Hindi).<\/b> The necessary timeline for preparation and submission is separately communicated by the NITI Aayog to all Ministries\/Departments.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 245,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"After the NITI Aayog finalizes the Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework, the sequence of further action is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"it is forwarded directly to the Budget Division for inclusion in the Budget\",\r\n      \"it is forwarded to the Department of Expenditure (PFC-II Division), which reviews the targets of outputs and outcomes with reference to budgeted outlay in consultation with DMEO, NITI Aayog, and forwards the final document to the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"it is forwarded to the Comptroller and Auditor General for certification\",\r\n      \"it is laid directly before Parliament by the NITI Aayog\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Processing of the OOMF<\/b><br><b>NITI Aayog shall finalize the OOMF and forward the same to the Department of Expenditure (PFC-II Division). DoE will review the targets of outputs and outcomes with reference to the budgeted outlay in consultation with DMEO, NITI Aayog, and forward the final document to the Budget Division.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 246,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The 'Bill Number' for the Finance Bill is obtained from the Ministry of Law and Justice, and communicated to the Budget Press, by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Demands Section of the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Department of Revenue\",\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Obtaining the Bill Number<\/b><br><b>The Budget Division (Demands Section) obtains the 'Bill Number' for the Finance Bill from the Ministry of Law and Justice and communicates the same to the Budget Press.<\/b> The same procedure is followed for the Appropriation Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 247,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"If the Finance Bill to be presented to Parliament is the first for the year, the position regarding its title is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"no number will be assigned and the title will be like 'Finance Bill, Year'\",\r\n      \"the number '1' will be assigned and the title will be 'Finance (1) Bill, Year'\",\r\n      \"the title will be 'First Finance Bill, Year'\",\r\n      \"the title will be assigned by the Speaker at the time of introduction\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Numbering of the Finance Bill<\/b><br><b>If the Finance Bill to be presented to Parliament is the first for the year, no number will be assigned and the title will be like 'Finance Bill, Year'. If the Bill to be presented is a second or subsequent Bill, the title will be 'Finance (Number) Bill, Year'.<\/b> This number will appear uniformly on the letters signed by the Finance Minister, and the same procedure is followed for the Appropriation Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 248,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Among the letters submitted to the Rajya Sabha in connection with the Budget, the letter to the Chairman, Rajya Sabha seeks relaxation of a Rule for circulation of the Bill two days before its consideration. That Rule is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Rule 19\",\r\n      \"Rule 123\",\r\n      \"Rule 270\",\r\n      \"Rule 308\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Relaxation of Rule 123<\/b><br>Among the letters relating to legislative business in the Rajya Sabha is the <b>'Letter to Chairman, Rajya Sabha for relaxation of RULE 123 for circulation of the Bill two days before consideration by the Rajya Sabha'<\/b>. The other two are the letter to the Secretary-General conveying the President's recommendation for consideration of the Bill, and the notice to the Secretary-General for consideration and return of the Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 249,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following letters submitted in respect of the Lok Sabha before or after presentation of the Budget:\\n1. Letter to the Secretary-General informing about the President's recommendation having been obtained for consideration of the Bill in Lok Sabha\\n2. Letter to the Speaker, Lok Sabha for consideration and passing of the Bill\\n3. Notice of Motion of Leave to introduce the Bill\\n4. Statement of Objects and Reasons related to the Bill\\n\\nWhich of the above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Letters to the Lok Sabha<\/b><br>All four are among the prescribed set. The letters to the Lok Sabha are: <b>(i) letter to Secretary-General informing about the President's recommendation having been obtained for consideration of the Bill; (ii) letter to the Speaker for consideration and passing of the Bill; (iii) Notice of Motion of Leave to introduce the Bill; (iv) Notice of Motion for consideration and passing of the Bill; and (v) Statement of Objects and Reasons related to the Bill<\/b> \u2014 all signed by the Finance Minister and enclosed with the President's recommendations before submission to Lok Sabha on 1st February.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 250,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"While the Parliament is in recess after introduction of the Budget, the List of Demands for Grants is prepared in the Budget Press, and the number of copies required to be provided to the Lok Sabha before commencement of the second Session of the Budget is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"500\",\r\n      \"800\",\r\n      \"1,000\",\r\n      \"1,200\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>List of Demands for Grants<\/b><br>While the Parliament is in recess after introduction of the Budget, the Demand Section is required to <b>prepare the List of Demands for Grants in the Budget Press. 800 COPIES of it are required to be provided to the Lok Sabha before commencement of the 2nd Session of the Budget after recess.<\/b> It is prepared in two formats showing the number and name of the Demand and the amount of the Demand for Grant to the Vote of the House, split into Revenue and Capital.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 251,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In the draft Appropriation Bill, the date which appears in the fourth Paragraph or Clause of the Bill is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"date of introduction of the Bill in the Lok Sabha\",\r\n      \"date of notification by which the list of existing Demands has been updated\",\r\n      \"date of the President's recommendation\",\r\n      \"date on which the Demands for Grants were voted\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Date in the Fourth Clause of the Appropriation Bill<\/b><br>It is very important to note that <b>the date which appears in the 4th Para (Clause) of the Bill is the DATE OF NOTIFICATION vide which the list of existing Demands has been updated.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 252,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Before the resumption of Parliament after recess, the draft Appropriation Bill with the Statement and the 'Statement of Objects and Reasons', duly signed by the Finance Minister, is sent to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Leg-I Section of the Ministry of Law and Justice\",\r\n      \"Bill Section of the Rajya Sabha Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Budget Press for final printing\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretariat for approval\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Vetting of the Draft Appropriation Bill<\/b><br>Before resumption of the Parliament after recess, <b>the draft Appropriation Bill with the Statement and the 'Statement of Objects and Reasons' related to the Bill (duly signed by the FM) is sent to the Leg-I Section of the Ministry of Law &amp; Justice<\/b>. The US (Demand) has to visit that Section for vetting of the Appropriation Bill and related Statement, before it is sent by them to the Lok Sabha Secretariat for final vetting.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 253,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Legislative Section-I of the Lok Sabha Secretariat sends the draft Appropriation Bill for vetting by the Demand Section\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"after it is printed in the Parliament Press\",\r\n      \"before it is finally printed in the Parliament Press\",\r\n      \"after the Bill is introduced in the Lok Sabha\",\r\n      \"only if the Speaker so directs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Final Vetting of the Appropriation Bill<\/b><br><b>The Legislative Section-I of the Lok Sabha Secretariat also sends the draft Appropriation Bill for vetting by the Demand Section BEFORE it is finally printed in the Parliament Press.<\/b> After that, the Appropriation Bill is introduced in the Lok Sabha on the scheduled date.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 254,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"After the Appropriation Bill has been passed by both Houses of Parliament, the President's Assent on the Bill is taken by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Law and Justice\",\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretariat\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Obtaining the President's Assent<\/b><br><b>After the Bill has been passed by both the Houses of Parliament, the President's Assent on the Bill is taken by the MINISTRY OF LAW &amp; JUSTICE.<\/b> After obtaining the President's Assent, the corresponding Act is published in the Gazette of India by the Minto Road Government Press, coordinated by the Ministry of Law &amp; Justice.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 255,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The Appropriation Act, after the President's Assent, is published in the Gazette of India by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Budget Press of the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Minto Road Government Press\",\r\n      \"Parliament Press\",\r\n      \"Government of India Press, Faridabad\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Publication of the Appropriation Act<\/b><br>After obtaining the President's Assent, <b>the corresponding Act is published in the Gazette of India by the MINTO ROAD GOVERNMENT PRESS. This is coordinated by the Ministry of Law &amp; Justice.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 256,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"On the day the Appropriation Act is published in the Gazette of India, a notification is required to be issued by the Demand Section, Budget Division\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"in the English version only, for distribution among all Financial Advisors\",\r\n      \"in both English and Hindi versions, for distribution among all Financial Advisors and related offices\",\r\n      \"only to the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"only to the Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Notification of the Appropriation Act<\/b><br>On the day the Appropriation Act is published in the Gazette of India, <b>a notification is required to be issued by the Demand Section, Budget Division, BOTH in English &amp; Hindi version, for distribution among all Financial Advisors and related offices<\/b>. A copy of this notification along with the relevant Act published in the Gazette is also <b>uploaded on the official website of the Department of Economic Affairs<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 257,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"Where a State or a Union Territory with legislature is placed under President's Rule, the powers of the legislature of that State or Union Territory are exercised\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"by the Governor or Administrator on his own authority\",\r\n      \"by or under the authority of Parliament\",\r\n      \"by the Ministry of Home Affairs\",\r\n      \"by the Ministry of Finance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Budget of a State\/UT under President's Rule<\/b><br>When a State\/UT (with legislature) is placed under President's Rule by virtue of a proclamation order of the President of India, <b>the powers of the legislature of the State\/UT are exercised BY OR UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF PARLIAMENT<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 258,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The laying of the Annual Financial Statement and other Budget Documents of a State or Union Territory with legislature under President's Rule is done before both the Houses of Parliament under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Articles 112, 113 and 114 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Articles 202, 239 and 239A of the Constitution read with the relevant Sections of the State Act\",\r\n      \"Articles 265 and 266 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Article 207 of the Constitution alone\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Constitutional Basis for Laying a State Budget in Parliament<\/b><br><b>Laying of the Annual Financial Statement and other Budget Documents of the State\/Union Territory (with legislature) is done before both the Houses of the Parliament under Articles 202, 239 and 239A of the Constitution read with the relevant Sections of the State Act.<\/b> For States, all Money Bills or other Bills to which Article 207 applies are to be reserved for the consideration of the President after they are passed by the Legislature of the State.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 259,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"In respect of a State under President's Rule, the Budget proposals for the Revised Estimates of the current year, Budget and Supplementary Estimates are required to be sent, in consultation with the State, by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Ministry of Home Affairs, normally in the month of November or December, after release of expenditure ceilings\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Finance, normally in the month of September\",\r\n      \"Governor of the State, immediately after the proclamation\",\r\n      \"NITI Aayog, at the time of the mid-year review\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Role of the Ministry of Home Affairs<\/b><br><b>The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is required to send Budget proposals for RE of the current year\/Budget\/Supplementary Estimates for the relevant year, in consultation with the State under the President's Rule. This exercise is done normally in the month of NOVEMBER\/DECEMBER, after release of expenditure ceilings, or as necessitated.<\/b> The Budget Estimates are then checked with the corresponding expenditure ceilings released by the Ministry of Finance.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 260,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"After the Appropriation Bill relating to a State under President's Rule is returned by the Rajya Sabha, the Budget Division is to keep in touch with the Bill Sections of both Houses and the Legislative Branch of the Ministry of Law and Justice\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"to obtain the President's Assent\",\r\n      \"to arrange for printing in the Budget Press\",\r\n      \"to prepare the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"to release the expenditure ceilings\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Final Steps for a State Budget under President's Rule<\/b><br><b>After the Appropriation Bill is returned by the Rajya Sabha, the Budget Division is to keep in touch with the Bill Section (of both Lok Sabha\/Rajya Sabha) and the Legislative Branch, Ministry of Law &amp; Justice, TO GET THE PRESIDENT'S ASSENT.<\/b> Finally, the Gazette Notification issued by the Ministry of Law &amp; Justice is to be forwarded to the Finance Department of the State\/UT.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 261,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 4: BUDGET FINALIZATION\",\r\n    question: \"The exercise of laying, passing, assenting and notifying the approval, which is described in relation to the Appropriation Bill, is also carried out in the case of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Supplementary Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"the Finance Bill only\",\r\n      \"the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"the Outcome Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Extension to Supplementary Demands<\/b><br><b>A similar exercise is done for the laying, passing, assenting and notifying the approval of Supplementary Demands for Grants.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 262,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"After the Appropriation Bill relating to the Budget is passed, the Grants are notified and communicated to Ministries and Departments by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Law and Justice\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Communication of Grants<\/b><br><b>After the Appropriation Bill relating to the Budget is passed, the Ministry of Finance notifies\/communicates the same to Ministries\/Departments.<\/b> Ministries\/Departments in turn distribute the same to their subordinate formations.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 263,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The distribution of Grants made by Ministries and Departments among their subordinate formations is required to be communicated to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"respective Pay and Accounts Officers, who shall exercise check against the allocation to each subordinate authority\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India, for audit purposes\",\r\n      \"Budget Division, for incorporation in the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Communication to Pay and Accounts Officers<\/b><br>Ministries\/Departments distribute the Grants to their subordinate formations, and <b>the distribution so made shall also be communicated to the respective Pay and Accounts Officers, who shall exercise check against the allocation to each subordinate authority<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 264,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Ministry or authority on whose behalf a Grant or Appropriation is authorised by Parliament shall distribute it, where necessary, among\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the State Governments concerned\",\r\n      \"the controlling and disbursing officers subordinate to it\",\r\n      \"the Pay and Accounts Officers of the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"the autonomous bodies under its administrative control\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Distribution of Grants<\/b><br><b>The Ministry or authority on whose behalf a Grant or Appropriation is authorised by Parliament shall distribute it, where necessary, among the controlling and disbursing officers subordinate to it.<\/b> All Budget Controlling Officers\/Drawing and Disbursing Officers will ensure that the expenditure incurred is within the sanctioned amount.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 265,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The control of expenditure against the sanctioned grants and appropriations placed at the disposal of Ministries and Departments shall be exercised through\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Heads of Departments and other Controlling Officers, if any, and Disbursing Officers subordinate to them\",\r\n      \"the Financial Adviser and the Chief Controller of Accounts only\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"the Budget Division of the Ministry of Finance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Control of Expenditure against Budget<\/b><br>Ministries\/Departments are responsible for the control of expenditure against the sanctioned grants and appropriations placed at their disposal. <b>The control shall be exercised through the Heads of Departments and other Controlling Officers, if any, and Disbursing Officers subordinate to them.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 266,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"In controlling expenditure against the Budget, it has to be ensured that\\n1. expenditure is incurred for the approved purpose.\\n2. it is within the sums allotted.\\n3. it has been incurred under the authority competent to sanction it.\\n4. due prudence has been followed in its incurrence.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Four Tests of Expenditure Control<\/b><br>It has to be ensured that <b>(i) expenditure is incurred for the approved purpose; (ii) it is within the sums allotted; (iii) it has been incurred under the authority competent to sanction it; and (iv) due prudence has been followed in its incurrence<\/b>. All four are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 267,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"As Ministries have delegated their powers to lower functionaries, the position regarding responsibility for expenditure is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the basic responsibility is shifted to the particular functionary concerned, but overall responsibility remains with the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"the entire responsibility stands transferred to the functionary concerned\",\r\n      \"the responsibility rests solely with the administrative Ministry, delegation notwithstanding\",\r\n      \"responsibility is shared equally between the Ministry of Finance and the administrative Ministry\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Effect of Delegation on Responsibility<\/b><br><b>As Ministries have delegated their powers to lower functionaries, the basic responsibility is shifted to the particular functionary concerned, but the OVERALL RESPONSIBILITY REMAINS WITH THE ADMINISTRATIVE MINISTRY.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 268,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"A Grant or Appropriation can be utilised only to cover the charges, including liabilities of the past year, which are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"sanctioned during the financial year, irrespective of when they are paid\",\r\n      \"to be paid during the financial year of the Grant or Appropriation and adjusted in the accounts of the year\",\r\n      \"incurred within the first nine months of the financial year\",\r\n      \"certified by the Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of a Grant or Appropriation<\/b><br><b>A Grant or Appropriation can be utilised only to cover the charges (including liabilities, if any, of the past year) which are TO BE PAID DURING THE FINANCIAL YEAR of the Grant or Appropriation and ADJUSTED IN THE ACCOUNTS OF THE YEAR. No charges against a Grant or Appropriation can be authorized after the expiry of the financial year.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 269,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"No expenditure shall be incurred which may have the effect of exceeding the total grant or appropriation authorized by Parliament by law for a financial year, except after obtaining\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the approval of the Financial Adviser of the Ministry\",\r\n      \"a supplementary grant or appropriation, or an advance from the Contingency Fund\",\r\n      \"the sanction of the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"a re-appropriation order from the Department of Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Bar on Exceeding the Authorized Grant<\/b><br><b>No expenditure shall be incurred which may have the effect of exceeding the total grant or appropriation authorized by Parliament by law for a financial year, EXCEPT after obtaining a supplementary grant or appropriation or an advance from the Contingency Fund.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 270,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"No public authority can incur any expenditure, or enter into any liability involving expenditure or transfer of moneys for investment or deposit from Government account, unless such expenditure or transfer has been sanctioned by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"general or special orders of the Government, or by any authority to which power has been delegated in this regard\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"the Parliament by a specific resolution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Requirement of Sanction<\/b><br>It has to be ensured that <b>no public authority can incur any expenditure or enter into any liability involving expenditure or transfer of moneys for investment or deposit from Government account unless such expenditure or transfer has been sanctioned by GENERAL OR SPECIAL ORDERS OF THE GOVERNMENT, or by any authority to which power has been delegated in this regard<\/b>. Government authorities have to comply with the rules prescribed in the General Financial Rules and the Delegation of Financial Power Rules in all financial matters.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 271,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"In order to maintain proper control, the controlling officer obtains information on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"only what has actually been spent from the grants\",\r\n      \"not only what has actually been spent from the grants, but also what commitments and liabilities have been and will be incurred against them\",\r\n      \"only the commitments and liabilities entered into during the year\",\r\n      \"only the savings anticipated at the close of the year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Information for Effective Control<\/b><br>Designated controlling authorities have to ensure not only that the total expenditure is kept within the limits of the authorised grants, but also that the funds allotted to spending units are expended in the public interest and on objects for which the money was provided. <b>In order to maintain proper control, the controlling officer obtains information on NOT ONLY what has actually been spent from the grants, but ALSO what commitments and liabilities have been and will be incurred against them.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 272,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Cash Management and Exchequer Control system was initially introduced with effect from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st April, 2004\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2006\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2012\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2017\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Introduction of CMEC<\/b><br><b>Cash Management and Exchequer Control (CMEC) was initially introduced on 1st April, 2006.<\/b> Based on the working of the scheme, it was decided to expand and modify it, giving rise to the Modified Cash Management System.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 273,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are objectives of the Modified Cash Management System?\\n1. Obtaining greater evenness in the budgeted expenditure within the financial year\\n2. Reducing rush of expenditure during the last quarter, especially the last month of the financial year\\n3. Reducing parking of funds\\n4. Better planning of the Indicative Market Borrowing Calendar of the Central Government\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Objectives of the Modified Cash Management System<\/b><br>The system seeks to achieve, inter alia: <b>(i) greater evenness in the budgeted expenditure within the financial year, especially in respect of items entailing large sums of advance releases and transfers to corpus funds; (ii) reduction of rush of expenditure during the last quarter, especially the last month; (iii) reduction of parking of funds; (iv) effective monitoring of the expenditure pattern; and (v) better planning of the Indicative Market Borrowing Calendar of the Central Government<\/b>. All four listed objectives are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 274,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Revised Estimates are estimates of probable receipts and expenditure arrived at\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"at the time of the issue of the Budget Circular\",\r\n      \"after the mid-year review\",\r\n      \"at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"at the time of the pre-Budget meetings\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Revised Estimates<\/b><br><b>Revised Estimates are estimates of probable receipts and expenditure arrived at AFTER THE MID-YEAR REVIEW.<\/b> They should be prepared with due care as they are important tools of fiscal management.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 275,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Revised Estimates:\\n1. They are voted by Parliament.\\n2. By themselves they do not provide any authority for expenditure.\\n3. Any additional projections made in the Revised Estimates need to be authorised for expenditure through Parliament's approval or by a Re-appropriation order.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Revised Estimates Are Not Voted<\/b><br><b>Revised Estimates are NOT voted by Parliament<\/b>, so Statement 1 is incorrect; <b>hence by themselves they do not provide any authority for expenditure<\/b> (Statement 2 correct); and <b>any additional projections made in the Revised Estimates need to be authorised for expenditure through Parliament's approval (in case of New Service\/New Instrument of Service, etc.) or by Re-appropriation order as per the Delegation of Financial Power Rules<\/b> (Statement 3 correct).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 276,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Re-appropriation of funds from one primary unit of appropriation to another such unit within a grant or appropriation may be sanctioned by a competent authority\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"at any time before the close of the financial year to which such grant or appropriation relates\",\r\n      \"at any time within three months after the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"only during the first half of the financial year\",\r\n      \"only after the Supplementary Demands for Grants are passed\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing of Re-appropriation<\/b><br><b>Re-appropriation of funds from one primary unit of appropriation to another such unit within a grant or appropriation may be sanctioned by a competent authority AT ANY TIME BEFORE THE CLOSE OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR to which such grant or appropriation relates.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 277,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The power for re-appropriation is subject to the provisions of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Rule 10 of the Delegation of Financial Powers Rules, 1978\",\r\n      \"Rule 21 of the General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"Article 115 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Rule 4 of the FRBM Rules, 2004\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Source of the Re-appropriation Power<\/b><br><b>Power for re-appropriation is subject to the provisions of Rule 10 of the Delegation of Financial Powers Rules, 1978, and also subject to such other general or specific restrictions as may be imposed by the Finance Ministry in this behalf.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 278,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Re-appropriation of funds shall be made only when it is known or anticipated that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the appropriation for the unit from which funds are to be transferred shall not be utilized in full, or that savings can be effected in the appropriation for that unit\",\r\n      \"the Supplementary Demands for Grants will not be presented during the year\",\r\n      \"the expenditure will exceed the total grant authorized by Parliament\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General has certified the savings\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Precondition for Re-appropriation<\/b><br><b>Re-appropriation of funds shall be made only when it is known or anticipated that the appropriation for the unit FROM WHICH funds are to be transferred shall not be utilized in full, or that savings can be effected in the appropriation for the said unit.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 279,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Under the restrictions on re-appropriation of funds, re-appropriation cannot be made\\n1. to meet expenditure which has not been sanctioned by an authority competent to sanction it.\\n2. from appropriations charged on the Consolidated Fund of India to meet expenditure voted by Parliament, or vice versa.\\n3. from one Grant or Appropriation to another Grant or Appropriation.\\n4. to meet expenditure on a new service or new Instrument of Service.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Restrictions under Rule 10 of the DFPR<\/b><br>Rule 10 stipulates that re-appropriation of funds cannot be made \u2014 <b>(i) to meet expenditure which has not been sanctioned by an authority competent to sanction it; (ii) from appropriations charged on the Consolidated Fund of India to meet expenditure voted by Parliament or vice-versa; (iii) from one Grant\/Appropriation to another Grant\/Appropriation; (iv) to meet expenditure on a new service or new Instrument of Service; and (v) subject to the general restriction related to expenditure on Works<\/b>. All four listed restrictions are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 280,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The power to augment provisions through re-appropriation of funds has been delegated to the administrative Ministries and Departments where the amount is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"below rupees 1 crore\",\r\n      \"below rupees 5 crore\",\r\n      \"below rupees 10 crore\",\r\n      \"below rupees 25 crore\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Delegated Power of Re-appropriation<\/b><br>Government of India's Decision No. (6) below Rule 10 of the DFPR provides that <b>the power to augment provisions through re-appropriation of funds BELOW \u20b95 CRORE has been delegated to the administrative Ministries\/Departments<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 281,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Full powers for augmenting the provisions through re-appropriation of funds available within the same section of the Grant are available in respect of which of the following primary units of appropriation?\\n1. Salaries and Wages\\n2. Pensionary Charges\\n3. Medical Expenses\\n4. Rent, Rates and Taxes\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Primary Units Carrying Full Re-appropriation Powers<\/b><br><b>Full powers for augmenting the provisions under the primary units of appropriation viz. 'Salaries', 'Wages', 'Pensionary Charges', 'Medical Expenses' and 'Rent, Rates and Taxes' through re-appropriation of funds available WITHIN THE SAME SECTION of the Grant<\/b> have been provided. All four listed units are covered.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 282,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Augmentation under budget heads of establishment related expenditure, such as office expenses, travel expenses and overtime allowance, through re-appropriation requires the approval of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Financial Adviser of the Ministry\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure, to be processed by the Personnel Division\",\r\n      \"Budget Division of the Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Establishment Related Augmentation<\/b><br><b>Augmentation under budget heads (primary units of appropriation) of establishment related expenditure \u2014 office expenses, travel expenses, OTA, etc. \u2014 through re-appropriation requires the approval of the DEPARTMENT OF EXPENDITURE (to be processed by the Personnel Division).<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 283,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding restrictions on re-appropriation:\\n1. No re-appropriation of funds may be made from savings available under an Externally Aided Project to a non-Externally Aided Project purpose.\\n2. No re-appropriation of funds may be made from savings available under 'Salaries' to meet expenditure under 'Non-Salaries'.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Two Specific Bars on Re-appropriation<\/b><br>Both are correct: <b>no re-appropriation of funds from savings available under Externally Aided Project (EAP) to non-EAP purpose<\/b>, and <b>no re-appropriation of funds from savings available under 'Salaries' to meet expenditure under 'Non-Salaries'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 284,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Without the previous consent of the Finance Ministry, no re-appropriation shall be made from and to the provision for\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secret Service expenditure\",\r\n      \"Externally Aided Projects\",\r\n      \"Grants-in-aid to autonomous bodies\",\r\n      \"Major Works\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Re-appropriation Requiring the Finance Ministry's Previous Consent<\/b><br>Without the previous consent of the Finance Ministry, no re-appropriation shall be made <b>(i) from and to the provision for SECRET SERVICE EXPENDITURE; (ii) so as to augment the provision under the primary units 'Salaries', 'Wages', 'Office Expenses' and 'Other Charges' taken together for the entire Grant or Appropriation; and (iii) from the provisions made for any specified new item of expenditure in a Grant or Appropriation for another purpose<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 285,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The restriction requiring the previous consent of the Finance Ministry for augmenting the provision under the primary units 'Salaries', 'Wages', 'Office Expenses' and 'Other Charges' taken together for the entire Grant or Appropriation carries an exception in favour of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Ministry of Home Affairs\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Information and Broadcasting\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Defence\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Railways\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Information and Broadcasting Exception<\/b><br>The bar operates <b>'except for the exception for the MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING provided vide the Note under Rule 10 (6) (b) of the DFPR'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 286,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"'New Service' has been held as referring to expenditure arising out of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a policy decision not brought to the notice of Parliament earlier, including a new activity or a new form of investment\",\r\n      \"a relatively large expenditure arising out of important expansion of an existing activity\",\r\n      \"any expenditure exceeding rupees 5 crore in a financial year\",\r\n      \"any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>'New Service' Defined<\/b><br><b>'New Service' has been held as referring to expenditure arising out of a POLICY DECISION, NOT BROUGHT TO THE NOTICE OF PARLIAMENT EARLIER, including a new activity or a new form of investment<\/b> \u2014 as appearing in Article 115(1)(a) of the Constitution of India. <b>'New Instrument of Service', by contrast, refers to relatively large expenditure arising out of important expansion of an EXISTING activity.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 287,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. New Service\\nB. New Instrument of Service\\nC. Cash Supplementary\\nD. Token Supplementary\\nList-II\\n1. Relatively large expenditure arising out of important expansion of an existing activity\\n2. Rupees 0.01 crore obtained where approval of Parliament is required for re-appropriation within the same section of the Demand\\n3. Expenditure arising out of a policy decision not brought to the notice of Parliament earlier\\n4. Over and above the original Budget provisions, resulting in enhancement of the allocation for the Demand or Grant\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Key Concepts in Budget Execution<\/b><br><b>'New Service'<\/b> refers to expenditure arising out of a policy decision not brought to the notice of Parliament earlier; <b>'New Instrument of Service'<\/b> to relatively large expenditure arising out of important expansion of an existing activity; <b>Cash Supplementary<\/b> is over and above the original Budget provisions and results in enhancement of the allocation for the Demand\/Grant; and a <b>Token Supplementary of \u20b90.01 crore<\/b> is obtained where, due to NS\/NIS limits, the approval of Parliament is required for re-appropriation towards utilizing savings within the same section of the Demand. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 288,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are not covered by the limits of 'New Service'\/'New Instrument of Service'?\\n1. Administrative expenditure including that resulting from re-organisation of Ministries\/Departments\\n2. Holding of conferences, seminars, exhibitions, surveys and feasibility studies\\n3. Assistance to foreign governments and fulfilment of Government guarantees\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Activities Outside the NS\/NIS Limits<\/b><br>Considering the volume and nature of Government transactions, it is not possible to list out all cases governed by NS\/NIS limits. <b>Broadly, normal activities like administrative expenditure including those resulting from re-organisation of Ministries\/Departments, holding of conferences, seminars, exhibitions, surveys, feasibility studies etc., assistance to foreign governments, contribution of internal bodies and fulfilment of Government guarantees are NOT covered\/attracted by the limits of 'New Service'\/'New Instrument of Service'.<\/b> All three are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 289,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Transfers to State and Union Territory Governments are exempt from the limits applicable to 'New Service'\/'New Instrument of Service'\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"in all cases without exception\",\r\n      \"provided the scheme is not new\",\r\n      \"only where the transfer exceeds rupees 5 crore\",\r\n      \"only where the transfer is charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Exemption for Transfers to States and Union Territories<\/b><br><b>Transfers to State and Union Territory Governments are also exempt from the limits applicable to 'New Service'\/'New Instrument of Service' PROVIDED THE SCHEME IS NOT NEW.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 290,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The financial limits of 'New Service'\/'New Instrument of Service' are applicable\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"only to expenditure which is subject to the Vote of Parliament, and not to expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund\",\r\n      \"to all expenditure, whether voted or charged\",\r\n      \"only to expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund\",\r\n      \"only to expenditure met from the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Applicability of the NS\/NIS Limits<\/b><br><b>These limits are applicable ONLY to expenditure which is subject to the Vote of Parliament \u2014 the financial limits of NS\/NIS are NOT applicable on expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 291,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"An application for re-appropriation of funds should ordinarily be supported by a statement in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Form GFR 4, or any other special form authorized by departmental regulations\",\r\n      \"Form GFR 12A\",\r\n      \"the format prescribed in the Budget Circular\",\r\n      \"the format prescribed by the Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Form for Re-appropriation<\/b><br><b>An application for re-appropriation of funds should ordinarily be supported by a statement in Form GFR 4 or any other special form authorized by departmental regulations, showing how the excess is proposed to be met.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 292,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"In all orders sanctioning re-appropriation, the reasons for saving and excess must invariably be stated where the amount is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 10,000 or over\",\r\n      \"rupees 1 lakh or over\",\r\n      \"rupees 5 lakh or over\",\r\n      \"rupees 1 crore or over\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Recording of Reasons in Re-appropriation Orders<\/b><br><b>In all orders sanctioning re-appropriation, the reasons for saving and excess of RUPEES 1 LAKH OR OVER, and the primary units (secondary units, wherever necessary) affected, should be invariably stated.<\/b> The authority sanctioning the re-appropriation should endorse a copy of the order to the Accounts Officer.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 293,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The authority sanctioning a re-appropriation is required to endorse a copy of the order to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Accounts Officer\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Endorsement of Re-appropriation Orders<\/b><br><b>The authority sanctioning the re-appropriation should endorse a copy of the order to the ACCOUNTS OFFICER.<\/b> This enables the accounting authority to give effect to the transfer between the primary units concerned.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 294,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Constitutional provision which provides for seeking Supplementary Demands during the financial year, if the amount authorized by Parliament is found to be insufficient or a need has arisen for a new service, is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 112\",\r\n      \"Article 113\",\r\n      \"Article 114\",\r\n      \"Article 115\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 115 \u2013 Supplementary Demands<\/b><br><b>Article 115 of the Constitution provides for seeking Supplementary Demands during the Financial Year if the amount authorized by Parliament is found to be insufficient or a need has arisen for a new service. The number of Supplementary Demands has not been prescribed in the Constitution.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 295,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Supplementary Demands for Grants:\\n1. The number of Supplementary Demands that may be presented in a year has been prescribed in the Constitution.\\n2. Supplementary Demands received from Ministries\/Departments can be classified into three categories.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Number and Classification of Supplementary Demands<\/b><br><b>The number of Supplementary Demands has NOT been prescribed in the Constitution<\/b>, so Statement 1 is incorrect. <b>On the basis of the Supplementary Demands for Grants received from various Ministries\/Departments, these can be classified into three categories \u2014 Cash Supplementary, Token Supplementary and Technical Supplementary<\/b>, so Statement 2 is correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 296,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Cash Supplementary:\\n1. It impacts the fiscal and revenue deficit.\\n2. It should be obtained as a last resort and after proper due diligence.\\n3. It requires the specific approval of Secretary (Expenditure).\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Cash Supplementary<\/b><br>Cash supplementary is over and above the original Budget provisions and results in enhancement of the allocation for the Demand\/Grant. All three statements are correct \u2014 <b>it impacts the fiscal\/revenue deficit; it should be obtained as a LAST RESORT and after proper due diligence; and it requires the specific approval of SECRETARY (EXPENDITURE)<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 297,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The illustration given of a Cash Supplementary is a case where a line Ministry seeks a sum for payment of Subsidy and\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Ministry is able to find matching savings within the Demand or Grant\",\r\n      \"the Ministry is unable to find any savings within the Demand or Grant\",\r\n      \"the expenditure is charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"the expenditure is met from the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Illustration of Cash Supplementary<\/b><br>For example, if a sum of \u20b91000 crore is sought for by a line Ministry for payment of Subsidy and <b>the Ministry is UNABLE to find any savings within the Demand\/Grant<\/b>, then the additional fund sought for, in case it is agreed to be provided, <b>results in Cash Supplementary or enhancement of the overall allocation for the Demand\/Grant<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 298,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Technical Supplementary is required for transferring savings from one section of a Grant to another. The number of Sections in each Demand is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"two\",\r\n      \"three\",\r\n      \"four\",\r\n      \"six\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Four Sections of a Demand<\/b><br><b>There are FOUR Sections in each Demand, viz. Revenue-Voted, Revenue-Charged, Capital-Voted and Capital-Charged.<\/b> Technical Supplementary is required for transferring the savings from one section of a Grant to another.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 299,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are situations in which a Technical Supplementary is sought?\\n1. Surrender from one of the four sections of a Demand and utilizing the same in another section within the Demand\\n2. Transfer of a scheme from one Demand to another Demand\\n3. Waivers and write offs\\n4. Expenditure proposed to be met with matching receipts and recoveries\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Situations Calling for a Technical Supplementary<\/b><br>All four are listed situations \u2014 <b>(a) surrender from one of the four sections and utilizing the same in another section within the Demand; (b) transfer of a scheme from one Demand to another, resulting in surrender from the transferring Demand and utilization in the receiving Demand; (c) waivers\/write offs; and (d) expenditure proposed to be met with matching receipts and recoveries<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 300,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The amount of a Token Supplementary is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 0.01 crore\",\r\n      \"rupees 1 lakh\",\r\n      \"rupees 1 crore\",\r\n      \"rupees 100 only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Token Supplementary<\/b><br><b>A Token supplementary of \u20b90.01 crore is obtained when, due to NS\/NIS limits, the approval of Parliament is required for re-appropriation towards utilizing the savings within the same section of the Demand.<\/b> For example, where under the revenue section there are savings under one major head proposed to be utilized in another major head but falling within the purview of NS\/NIS limits, the same can be made available for re-appropriation after obtaining a Token Supplementary.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 301,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"With regard to the effect of a Token Supplementary on the deficit position, the correct statement is that it\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"increases the fiscal deficit but not the revenue deficit\",\r\n      \"does not alter the revenue or fiscal deficit position\",\r\n      \"increases both the revenue and the fiscal deficit\",\r\n      \"reduces the fiscal deficit\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Token Supplementary and the Deficit<\/b><br><b>Token supplementary does NOT alter the revenue\/fiscal deficit position<\/b>, since it merely enables re-appropriation of existing savings within the same section of the Demand. By contrast, <b>Cash Supplementary impacts the fiscal\/revenue deficit<\/b>, being over and above the original Budget provisions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 302,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are among the broad guidelines on which Ministries and Departments are required to review their requirements before firming up their proposals for Supplementary Demands for Grants?\\n1. Need for economy and rationalisation of expenditure\\n2. Thorough review of expenditure to explore the possibility of meeting the requirements for additionality through Token or Technical Supplementary\\n3. No new schemes and programmes, except those that are part of the Budget announcements, should normally be introduced during the course of the financial year\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Guidelines for Supplementary Demand Proposals<\/b><br>All three are among the prescribed guidelines, along with the requirements that <b>additional expenditure over and above the prescribed approved ceiling for individual schemes may not ordinarily be permitted; that where an amendment to an existing scheme leads to additionality, matching savings should be explored and located from other schemes\/projects in the Demand; that mandatory cuts in terms of austerity instructions should be enforced before determining requirements for additionality; and that proposals should be made only where the programme\/scheme has been approved by the competent authority<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 303,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Where an amendment to an existing scheme leads to a requirement for additionality, Ministries and Departments should\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"seek a Cash Supplementary as a matter of course\",\r\n      \"explore and locate matching savings from other schemes or projects in the Demand\",\r\n      \"surrender the amount and re-provide it in the next Budget\",\r\n      \"seek an advance from the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Matching Savings for Amended Schemes<\/b><br><b>If there is an amendment to the existing scheme leading to requirements for additionality, Ministries\/Departments should EXPLORE AND LOCATE MATCHING SAVINGS from other schemes\/projects in the Demand.<\/b> Cash Supplementary is to be obtained only as a last resort.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 304,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Before determining the requirements for additionality in a proposal for Supplementary Demands, it is required that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the mandatory cuts in terms of the austerity instructions should be enforced\",\r\n      \"the previous year's savings should first be revalidated\",\r\n      \"the approval of the Comptroller and Auditor General should be obtained\",\r\n      \"the scheme should be referred to the Estimates Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Austerity Cuts to Precede Additionality<\/b><br><b>The mandatory cuts in terms of the austerity instructions should be enforced BEFORE determining the requirements for additionality.<\/b> Further, a proposal for Supplementary Demand should be made only when the programme\/scheme for which additional provision is sought has been approved by the competent authority, and should be limited to the funding requirements within the relevant financial year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 305,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"A proposal for Supplementary Demand should be limited to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the funding requirements within the relevant financial year\",\r\n      \"the funding requirements for the whole project period\",\r\n      \"fifty per cent of the original provision in the Demand\",\r\n      \"the amount of savings surrendered during the year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of a Supplementary Demand Proposal<\/b><br>A proposal for Supplementary Demand <b>should be made only when the programme\/scheme for which additional provision is sought has been approved by the competent authority, and should be LIMITED TO THE FUNDING REQUIREMENTS WITHIN THE RELEVANT FINANCIAL YEAR<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 306,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The responsibility to ensure that excess expenditure beyond the limits authorized is not incurred lies with the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Grant Controlling Authority\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Excess Grants<\/b><br><b>It is the responsibility of the GRANT CONTROLLING AUTHORITY to ensure that excess expenditure beyond the limits authorized is not incurred.<\/b> However, if the total expenditure under a Grant exceeds the provision allowed through its original Grant and Supplementary Grant, if any, the excess requires regularization.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 307,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Where the total expenditure under a Grant exceeds the provision allowed through its original Grant and Supplementary Grant, if any, the excess requires regularization by obtaining an excess Grant from Parliament under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 112\",\r\n      \"Article 113\",\r\n      \"Article 114\",\r\n      \"Article 115\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Regularization of Excess Expenditure<\/b><br><b>If the total expenditure under a Grant exceeds the provision allowed through its original Grant and Supplementary Grant, if any, the excess requires regularization by obtaining an excess Grant from the Parliament under Article 115 of the Constitution.<\/b> The Public Accounts Committee separately examines the circumstances leading to any such excess and makes recommendations.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 308,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Ministries and Departments should surrender the savings, along with all the anticipated savings noticed in the Grants or Appropriations controlled by them, to the Finance Ministry\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"by the dates prescribed by that Ministry before the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"within one month after the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"at the time of the mid-year review only\",\r\n      \"at the time of submitting the Revised Estimates\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Surrender of Savings<\/b><br><b>Ministries\/Departments should surrender the savings to the Finance Ministry, by the dates prescribed by that Ministry BEFORE THE CLOSE OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR, along with all the anticipated savings noticed in the Grants or Appropriations controlled by them.<\/b> This is needed to ensure that the anticipated savings can be reallocated for other unanticipated expenditure requirements.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 309,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The acceptance of such surrenders as are accepted by the Finance Ministry is required to be communicated to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Accounts Officer, before the close of the year\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General, after the close of the year\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee, along with the Appropriation Accounts\",\r\n      \"Budget Division, at the time of the next Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Communication of Accepted Surrenders<\/b><br><b>The Finance Ministry shall communicate the acceptance of such surrenders as are accepted by them to the ACCOUNTS OFFICER, BEFORE THE CLOSE OF THE YEAR.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 310,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding savings:\\n1. Savings and provisions that cannot be properly utilised should be surrendered to Government immediately when they are foreseen, without waiting till the end of the year.\\n2. Savings may be held in reserve funds for possible future excesses.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing and Treatment of Savings<\/b><br><b>The savings as well as provisions that cannot be properly utilised should be surrendered to Government IMMEDIATELY when they are foreseen, without waiting till the end of the year<\/b> (Statement 1 correct). <b>NO savings should be held in reserve funds for possible future excesses<\/b> \u2014 so Statement 2 is incorrect.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 311,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Rush of expenditure, particularly in the closing months of the financial year, is regarded as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a permissible practice where the Grant would otherwise lapse\",\r\n      \"a breach of financial propriety which shall be avoided\",\r\n      \"an irregularity requiring only a report to the Accounts Officer\",\r\n      \"acceptable if covered by a re-appropriation order\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rush of Expenditure<\/b><br><b>Rush of expenditure, particularly in the closing months of the financial year, is regarded as a BREACH OF FINANCIAL PROPRIETY and shall be avoided.<\/b> Reducing the rush of expenditure during the last quarter, especially the last month, is also one of the objectives of the Modified Cash Management System.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 312,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"According to the check list for Budget execution, expenditure on a service not covered by a vote of the Parliament should not be incurred unless\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the requisite funds have been arranged by obtaining an advance from the Contingency Fund of India\",\r\n      \"a re-appropriation order has been issued by the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General has been informed\",\r\n      \"the savings under another Grant have been surrendered\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Expenditure on a Service Not Covered by a Vote<\/b><br>Under the check list for Budget execution, <b>expenditure on a service not covered by a vote of the Parliament should NOT be incurred unless the requisite funds have been arranged by obtaining an ADVANCE FROM THE CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 313,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"According to the check list for Budget execution, drawing from the Consolidated Fund of India should not be resorted to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"if money is not required for immediate use\",\r\n      \"during the last quarter of the financial year\",\r\n      \"without the prior approval of the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"unless a Supplementary Demand has been obtained\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Drawing from the Consolidated Fund<\/b><br>The check list for Budget execution provides that <b>drawing from the Consolidated Fund of India should NOT be resorted to IF MONEY IS NOT REQUIRED FOR IMMEDIATE USE.<\/b> This complements the objective of reducing the parking of funds under the Modified Cash Management System.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 314,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The check list for Budget execution treats which of the following as an instance of abandonment of revenue without proper sanction?\\n1. Sale of Government property below market rates\\n2. Reduction of dues payable under a licence or lease without the sanction of the competent authority in each case\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Abandonment of Revenue<\/b><br><b>Abandonment of revenue without proper sanction \u2014 e.g. sale of Government property below market rates, or reduction of dues payable under a licence or lease without the sanction of the competent authority in each case \u2014 should not be resorted to.<\/b> Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 315,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Under the check list for Budget execution, any large claim against another Government, local body or other outside party\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"should not be allowed to remain outstanding for an unduly long time\",\r\n      \"should be written off at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"should be referred to the Comptroller and Auditor General for advice\",\r\n      \"should be shown as a receipt in the Revised Estimates\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Outstanding Claims<\/b><br>The check list provides that <b>any large claim against another Government, local body or other outside party should NOT be allowed to remain outstanding for an unduly long time.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 316,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Under the check list for Budget execution, an irregularity connected with a grant-in-aid includes neglect\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"by the sanctioning authority of conditions precedent to the grant, or by the grantee of the conditions attached to the grant by the sanctioning authority\",\r\n      \"by the Accounts Officer in recording the sanction\",\r\n      \"by the Comptroller and Auditor General in auditing the grant\",\r\n      \"by Parliament in voting the Demand\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Irregularities Connected with Grants-in-aid<\/b><br>The check list refers to <b>any irregularity connected with a grant-in-aid, such as neglect (i) BY THE SANCTIONING AUTHORITY of conditions precedent to the grant, or (ii) BY THE GRANTEE of the conditions, expressed or implied, attached to the grant by the sanctioning authority<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 317,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are among the items in the check list for Budget execution?\\n1. There should be provision of funds authorized by competent authority fixing the limits within which expenditure can be incurred.\\n2. The expenditure incurred should conform to the relevant provisions of the Appropriation Act, the Constitution and the laws made thereunder.\\n3. Re-appropriations should be made in accordance with the rules in the Delegation of Financial Power Rules, 1978.\\n4. The expenditure should be incurred with due regard to broad and general principles of financial propriety.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Check List for Budget Execution<\/b><br>All four are among the listed items, along with the requirement that <b>there should exist sanction, either special or general, accorded by competent authority authorizing the expenditure<\/b>, and the prohibitions relating to expenditure not covered by a vote of Parliament, unnecessary drawal from the Consolidated Fund, abandonment of revenue, long-outstanding claims, grant-in-aid irregularities and the absence of adequate administrative regulations.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 318,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The last item in the check list for Budget execution relates to any instance of the absence of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"administrative regulations and procedure sufficient to secure a proper and effective check upon monetary transactions\",\r\n      \"internal audit in the Ministry or Department\",\r\n      \"a Financial Adviser in the Ministry or Department\",\r\n      \"a Monthly Expenditure Plan\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Adequacy of Administrative Regulations<\/b><br>The check list concludes with <b>'any instance of the absence of administrative regulations and procedure sufficient to secure a proper and effective check upon monetary transactions'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 319,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are duties and responsibilities of the Chief Accounting Authority of a Ministry or Department?\\n1. To be responsible and accountable for the financial management of the Ministry or Department\\n2. To ensure that the public funds appropriated to the Ministry or Department are used for the purpose for which they were meant\\n3. To appear before the Committee on Public Accounts and any other Parliamentary Committee for examination\\n4. To review and monitor regularly the performance of the programmes and projects assigned to the Ministry\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Duties of the Chief Accounting Authority<\/b><br>All four are among the prescribed duties of the Secretary of a Ministry\/Department, who is the Chief Accounting Authority. He\/she must also be responsible for the <b>effective, efficient, economical and transparent use of resources in achieving the stated project objectives, whilst complying with performance standards<\/b>, and for the preparation of expenditure and other statements as required by the Ministry of Finance.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 320,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Chief Accounting Authority shall ensure that the Ministry or Department maintains full and proper records of financial transactions and adopts systems and procedures that will\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"at all times afford internal controls\",\r\n      \"eliminate the need for external audit\",\r\n      \"permit re-appropriation between Grants\",\r\n      \"avoid the need for Supplementary Demands\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Records and Internal Controls<\/b><br>The Chief Accounting Authority <b>shall ensure that his\/her Ministry or Department maintains full and proper records of financial transactions and adopts systems and procedures that will AT ALL TIMES AFFORD INTERNAL CONTROLS.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 321,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Chief Accounting Authority shall ensure that the Ministry or Department follows the Government procurement procedure for execution of works, as well as for procurement of services and supplies, and implements it in a manner which is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"fair, equitable, transparent, competitive and cost-effective\",\r\n      \"expeditious and economical, without regard to competition\",\r\n      \"uniform across all Ministries and Departments\",\r\n      \"approved in each case by the Department of Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Procurement Responsibility<\/b><br>The Chief Accounting Authority <b>shall ensure that his\/her Ministry or Department follows the Government procurement procedure for execution of works, as well as for procurement of services and supplies, and implements it in a FAIR, EQUITABLE, TRANSPARENT, COMPETITIVE AND COST-EFFECTIVE manner.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 322,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Chief Accounting Authority is required to take effective and appropriate steps to ensure that the Ministry or Department\\n1. collects all moneys due to the Government.\\n2. avoids unauthorized, irregular and wasteful expenditure.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Twin Duties Regarding Receipts and Expenditure<\/b><br>The Chief Accounting Authority <b>shall take effective and appropriate steps to ensure that his\/her Ministry or Department (a) collects all moneys due to the Government; and (b) avoids unauthorized, irregular and wasteful expenditure.<\/b> Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 323,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of an urgent requirement of expenditure attracting the provisions of New Service or New Instrument of Service, and thereby supplementary demands through the approval of Parliament, the excess expenditure can be allowed by the concerned Financial Advisers only on the specific approval of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Secretary of the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"Secretary (Expenditure), that the necessary funds will be made available through the next batch of Supplementary Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"the Public Accounts Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Urgent Expenditure Attracting NS\/NIS<\/b><br>As per the provisions contained in Appendix 10 to GFR 61 and 69, in such cases the matter should be referred to the Ministry of Finance. <b>The excess expenditure in such cases can be allowed by the concerned Financial Advisers ONLY on the specific approval of SECRETARY (EXPENDITURE) that the necessary funds will be made available through the NEXT BATCH OF SUPPLEMENTARY DEMANDS FOR GRANTS.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 324,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Constitutional provision which stipulates that all taxes and duties referred to in the Union List, with the specified exceptions, shall be levied and collected by the Government of India and distributed between the Union and the States is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 268\",\r\n      \"Article 269A\",\r\n      \"Article 270\",\r\n      \"Article 279\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 270 \u2013 Distribution of Taxes<\/b><br><b>Article 270 stipulates that all taxes and duties referred to in the Union List, EXCEPT the duties and taxes referred to in Articles 268, 269 and 269A, the surcharge on taxes and duties referred to in Article 271, and any cess levied for specific purposes under any law made by Parliament, shall be levied and collected by the Government of India and shall be distributed between the Union and the States.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 325,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are excluded from the taxes and duties which are levied and collected by the Government of India and distributed between the Union and the States?\\n1. Duties and taxes referred to in Articles 268, 269 and 269A\\n2. Surcharge on taxes and duties referred to in Article 271\\n3. Any cess levied for specific purposes under any law made by Parliament\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Exclusions from the Divisible Pool<\/b><br>All three are excluded \u2014 <b>the duties and taxes referred to in Articles 268, 269 and 269A; the surcharge on taxes and duties referred to in Article 271; and any cess levied for specific purposes under any law made by Parliament<\/b>. These are the items carved out of the distributable proceeds under Article 270.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 326,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The Constitutional provision which, read with Article 270, empowers the Comptroller and Auditor General to ascertain and certify the net proceeds of taxes and duties levied and collected by the Union is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 271\",\r\n      \"Article 275\",\r\n      \"Article 279\",\r\n      \"Article 280\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 279 \u2013 Certification of Net Proceeds<\/b><br><b>Article 279 of the Constitution, read with Article 270, empowers the C&amp;AG to ascertain and certify the net proceeds of taxes and duties levied and collected by the Union, which shall be distributed between the Union and the States.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 327,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"'Net Proceeds', in relation to any tax or duty, means the proceeds thereof reduced by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"cost of collection\",\r\n      \"surcharge levied on that tax or duty\",\r\n      \"cess levied for specific purposes\",\r\n      \"share already devolved to the States\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Meaning of 'Net Proceeds'<\/b><br><b>'Net Proceeds' means, in relation to any tax or duties, the proceeds thereof REDUCED BY THE COST OF COLLECTION.<\/b> This is why, in calculating the States' share, the cost of collection and the non-shareable elements are deducted from the Gross Tax Revenue portion.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 328,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The detailed working sheet for devolution, showing the calculation of Tax Revenue, Net Divisible Pool of Tax, non-shareable pool of Taxes and cost of collection, is prepared on the basis of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the estimates for receipts received from the Department of Revenue and the actuals for the previous financial year received from the office of the Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"the estimates received from the Reserve Bank of India alone\",\r\n      \"the Appropriation Accounts of the previous year\",\r\n      \"the recommendations of the NITI Aayog\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Basis for the Devolution Working Sheet<\/b><br>The working sheet is prepared <b>based on the estimates for receipts received from the Department of Revenue (CBDT and CBIC) and the actuals for the previous financial year received from the office of the Controller General of Accounts (Finance Accounts format)<\/b>. After applying the State-wise\/tax-wise distribution formula as per the accepted recommendations of the Finance Commission, the resultant shareable proceeds as well as the Net to Centre portion are arrived at \u2014 a procedure also under implementation in the UBIS System.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 329,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"After the Budget is passed in Parliament, the devolution of shareable Taxes and Duties to the States is done\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"on a monthly basis\",\r\n      \"on a quarterly basis\",\r\n      \"in two equal half-yearly instalments\",\r\n      \"in a single instalment at the close of the financial year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Frequency of Devolution<\/b><br>After the Budget is passed in the Parliament, taking into account the approved estimates, <b>the devolution of shareable Taxes and Duties is done on a MONTHLY basis to States, as per the accepted recommendations of the Finance Commission<\/b>. Monthly sanctions are issued (Tax-wise\/State-wise) through the Union Budget Information System (UBIS).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 330,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Monthly sanctions for devolution are issued Tax-wise and State-wise through the Union Budget Information System to facilitate payment to States through\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Public Financial Management System, or issuance of cheques or advices through the Pay and Accounts Office and the Reserve Bank of India\",\r\n      \"the State treasuries directly\",\r\n      \"the Controller General of Accounts alone\",\r\n      \"the Ministry of Home Affairs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Mode of Payment of Devolution<\/b><br><b>Monthly sanctions are issued (Tax-wise\/State-wise) through the UBIS system to facilitate payment to States through PFMS \/ issuance of cheques \/ advices through the Pay &amp; Accounts Office and the RBI.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 331,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The releases of devolution to States are based on estimates of receipts, subject to final adjustment according to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Audit Certificate issued by the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"Finance Accounts prepared by the Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"recommendations of the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"Revised Estimates approved by the Ministry of Finance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Provisional Nature of Devolution Releases<\/b><br><b>The releases are based on estimates of receipts, subject to FINAL ADJUSTMENT ACCORDING TO THE AUDIT CERTIFICATE ISSUED BY THE C&amp;AG.<\/b> The C&amp;AG Certificate issued with respect to Net Proceeds for the previous year is factored in to accommodate the recommended variations in the estimates for the current year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 332,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"With effect from the financial year 2022-23, the date of devolution to the States is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the 1st of each month\",\r\n      \"the 10th of each month, the earlier date having been the 20th of each month\",\r\n      \"the 15th of each month, the earlier date having been the 10th of each month\",\r\n      \"the 20th of each month, the earlier date having been the 10th of each month\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Date of Devolution<\/b><br><b>Currently, the date of devolution is the 10th of each month with effect from FY 2022-23 \u2014 earlier it was the 20th of each month.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 333,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"The total estimated receipts shareable to States are distributed into how many instalments?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Twelve\",\r\n      \"Thirteen\",\r\n      \"Fourteen\",\r\n      \"Sixteen\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Number of Devolution Instalments<\/b><br><b>The total estimated receipts, shareable to States, are distributed into 14 INSTALMENTS and distributed accordingly.<\/b> In the case of all Indirect Taxes these are 14 equal instalments; in the case of Corporation Tax and Income Tax the 14 instalments are unequal, being weighted across the year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 334,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of Corporation Tax and Income Tax, the proportion of the Budget or Revised Estimates released in the three equated monthly instalments from April to June is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"15 per cent\",\r\n      \"35 per cent\",\r\n      \"50 per cent\",\r\n      \"25 per cent\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Devolution Pattern for Direct Taxes<\/b><br>For Corporation Tax and Income Tax, the devolution follows the pattern <b>15% in 3 instalments (April to June); 50% in 7 instalments (July to January); and 35% in 4 instalments (February and March)<\/b> \u2014 a total of 14 instalments. All Indirect Taxes are released in 14 equal instalments.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 335,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Corporation Tax and Income Tax, April to June\\nB. Corporation Tax and Income Tax, July to January\\nC. Corporation Tax and Income Tax, February and March\\nD. All Indirect Taxes\\nList-II\\n1. 50 per cent in 7 instalments\\n2. 14 equal instalments\\n3. 15 per cent in 3 instalments\\n4. 35 per cent in 4 instalments\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Devolution Schedule<\/b><br>For <b>Corporation Tax and Income Tax<\/b>: 15% of BE\/RE in <b>3 equated monthly instalments from April to June<\/b>; 50% in <b>7 instalments from July to January<\/b>; and 35% in <b>4 instalments in February and March<\/b>. <b>All Indirect Taxes are released in 14 equal instalments.<\/b> Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 336,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Annexure 4 of the Receipts Budget\\nB. Annexure 4A of the Receipts Budget\\nC. Annexure 4B of the Receipts Budget\\nD. Certificate with respect to Net Proceeds for the previous year\\nList-II\\n1. Revised Estimates for the current financial year\\n2. Issued by the Comptroller and Auditor General\\n3. Budget Estimates\\n4. Actuals for the previous financial period\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Statements on State-wise Distribution of Net Proceeds<\/b><br>The Statement showing State-wise distribution of Net Proceeds of Union Taxes and Duties is finalized as <b>Annexure 4 for the Budget Estimates, 4A for the Revised Estimates for the current financial year, and 4B showing Actuals for the previous financial period<\/b>, for incorporation in the Receipts Budget. The <b>C&amp;AG Certificate issued with respect to Net Proceeds for the previous year<\/b> is factored in to accommodate the recommended variations in the estimates for the current year. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 337,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding budget execution is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"No charges against a Grant or Appropriation can be authorized after the expiry of the financial year.\",\r\n      \"Revised Estimates by themselves provide authority for incurring expenditure.\",\r\n      \"Re-appropriation cannot be made from one Grant or Appropriation to another Grant or Appropriation.\",\r\n      \"A Token Supplementary does not alter the revenue or fiscal deficit position.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Revised Estimates Confer No Authority<\/b><br><b>Revised Estimates are not voted by Parliament and hence by themselves do NOT provide any authority for expenditure<\/b> \u2014 any additional projections must be authorised through Parliament's approval or by a Re-appropriation order \u2014 so option (b) is incorrect. The other three statements correctly state the position.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 338,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 5: BUDGET EXECUTION\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Cash Supplementary \u2013 Requires the specific approval of Secretary (Expenditure)\",\r\n      \"Technical Supplementary \u2013 Required for transferring savings from one section of a Grant to another\",\r\n      \"Token Supplementary \u2013 Rupees 0.01 crore\",\r\n      \"Excess Grant \u2013 Obtained from Parliament under Article 114 of the Constitution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Excess Grants under Article 115<\/b><br>Where the total expenditure under a Grant exceeds the provision allowed through its original and Supplementary Grant, <b>the excess requires regularization by obtaining an excess Grant from the Parliament under ARTICLE 115<\/b>, not Article 114 \u2014 Article 114 relates to the Appropriation Bill. The other three pairings are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 339,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following Statements of fiscal policy is the Central Government required to lay before both Houses of Parliament in each financial year, along with the Annual Financial Statement and Demands for Grants?\\n1. Medium-Term Fiscal Policy Statement and Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement\\n2. Macro-economic Framework Statement\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Fiscal Policy Statements under the FRBM Act<\/b><br>The FRBM Act, 2003 stipulates that the Central Government shall lay in each financial year before both Houses of Parliament, <b>along with the Annual Financial Statement and Demands for Grants<\/b>, the following Statements of fiscal policy: <b>(a) the Medium-Term Fiscal Policy Statement &amp; Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement; and (b) the Macro-economic Framework Statement<\/b>. Both statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 340,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement is required to be laid before both Houses of Parliament\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"along with the Annual Financial Statement and the Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"immediately following the session of Parliament in which the fiscal policy statements were laid\",\r\n      \"at the commencement of every financial year\",\r\n      \"along with the Appropriation Bill\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing of the MTEF Statement<\/b><br>As per Section 3 of the FRBM Act, 2003, the Government is required to lay the Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement (MTEF) before both Houses of Parliament <b>IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE SESSION OF PARLIAMENT IN WHICH THE FISCAL POLICY STATEMENTS \u2014 the Medium Term Fiscal Policy Statement and the Macro-Economic Framework Statement \u2014 WERE LAID<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 341,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement shall provide three year rolling targets for the prescribed expenditure indicators\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"under the revenue section only\",\r\n      \"under the capital section only\",\r\n      \"under both the revenue and capital sections, with specification of underlying assumptions and risk involved\",\r\n      \"under the revenue, capital and loan sections, without any statement of assumptions\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Contents of the MTEF Statement<\/b><br>The MTEF <b>shall provide three year rolling targets for the prescribed expenditure indicators (UNDER REVENUE AND CAPITAL SECTION) with specification of the underlying assumptions and the risk involved<\/b>. It also contains expenditure commitments of major policy changes involving new service, new instrument of service, etc.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 342,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement:\\n1. It contains expenditure commitments of major policy changes involving new service, new instrument of service and the like.\\n2. It gives a medium term perspective to Central Government finances and specifies a path for the Government's fiscal consolidation.\\n3. It may also provide closer integration between the Budget and the FRBM Statements and facilitate expenditure planning with a medium-term perspective.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Purpose of the MTEF Statement<\/b><br>All three are correct \u2014 the MTEF <b>contains expenditure commitments of major policy changes involving new service, new instrument of service etc.; gives a medium term perspective to Central Government finances and specifies a path for the Government's fiscal consolidation; and may also provide closer integration between the Budget and the FRBM Statements and facilitate expenditure planning with a medium-term perspective<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 343,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The provision of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 under which the Government monitors the trend of receipts and expenditure through a Statement on half yearly review is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Section 3(1)\",\r\n      \"Section 4(1)\",\r\n      \"Section 7(1)\",\r\n      \"Section 9(1)\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Section 7(1) \u2013 Half Yearly Review<\/b><br><b>As per Section 7(1) of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003, the Government monitors the trend of receipts and expenditure through the Statement on half yearly review of the trends in receipts and expenditure<\/b>, which is laid in Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 344,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Statement on half yearly review of the trends in receipts and expenditure is laid in Parliament during the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Budget and Monsoon sessions\",\r\n      \"winter and Monsoon sessions\",\r\n      \"Budget and winter sessions\",\r\n      \"Monsoon session only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Sessions in Which the Half Yearly Review Is Laid<\/b><br>The Government monitors the trend of receipts and expenditure <b>through this statement laid in the Parliament during the WINTER AND MONSOON SESSIONS<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 345,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Medium-Term Fiscal Policy Statement and Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement\\nB. Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement\\nC. Statement on half yearly review of the trends in receipts and expenditure\\nD. Output-Outcome Framework document\\nList-II\\n1. Laid under Section 7(1) of the FRBM Act, during the winter and Monsoon sessions\\n2. Covers major Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes with outlay of rupees 500 crore and more\\n3. Laid along with the Annual Financial Statement and Demands for Grants\\n4. Laid immediately following the session in which the fiscal policy statements were laid\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Review Documents Distinguished<\/b><br>The <b>Medium-Term Fiscal Policy Statement cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement<\/b> is laid along with the Annual Financial Statement and Demands for Grants; the <b>MTEF Statement<\/b> is laid immediately following the session in which the fiscal policy statements were laid; the <b>half yearly review Statement<\/b> is laid under Section 7(1) during the winter and Monsoon sessions; and the <b>Output-Outcome Framework<\/b> covers major CS and CSS with outlay of \u20b9500 crore and more. Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 346,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Outcome Budget became a part of the budgetary process, with every Ministry presenting a preliminary Outcome Budget, from the fiscal year\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2003-04\",\r\n      \"2006-07\",\r\n      \"2015-16\",\r\n      \"2017-18\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Introduction of the Outcome Budget<\/b><br><b>From the fiscal year 2006-07, the Outcome Budget has been a part of the budgetary process, wherein every Ministry presents a preliminary Outcome Budget.<\/b> Since 2017-18, the expected outputs and outcomes of the schemes are also presented in a consolidated Outcome Budget document along with the Budget.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 347,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Outcome Budget:\\n1. From 2006-07 every Ministry presents a preliminary Outcome Budget as part of the budgetary process.\\n2. Since 2017-18 the expected outputs and outcomes of schemes are presented in a consolidated Outcome Budget document along with the Budget.\\n3. The Outlays, Outputs and Outcomes are presented to Parliament in measurable terms.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Evolution of the Outcome Budget<\/b><br>All three are correct. <b>These Outlays, Outputs and Outcomes are being presented to the Parliament in measurable terms, bringing in greater accountability for the agencies involved in the execution of Government schemes and projects.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 348,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Outcome Budget contains the Output-Outcome Framework for major Central Sector Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes with an outlay of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 100 crore and more\",\r\n      \"rupees 250 crore and more\",\r\n      \"rupees 500 crore and more\",\r\n      \"rupees 1,000 crore and more\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Coverage of the Output-Outcome Framework<\/b><br><b>The Outcome Budget contains the Output-Outcome Framework for major Central Sector (CS) Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) with outlay of \u20b9500 CRORE AND MORE.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 349,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The presentation of Outlays, Outputs and Outcomes to Parliament in measurable terms is intended to bring in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"greater accountability for the agencies involved in the execution of Government schemes and projects\",\r\n      \"a reduction in the number of Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"an increase in the Gross Budgetary Support to Ministries\",\r\n      \"greater flexibility in re-appropriation of funds\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Purpose of Measurable Presentation<\/b><br>These Outlays, Outputs and Outcomes are being presented to the Parliament in measurable terms, <b>bringing in GREATER ACCOUNTABILITY for the agencies involved in the execution of Government schemes and projects<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 350,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The apex Monitoring and Evaluation office which supports the Government to achieve the national development agenda through monitoring and evaluation of government policies and programmes is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Programme Evaluation Organisation\",\r\n      \"Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office\",\r\n      \"Independent Evaluation Office\",\r\n      \"Public Financial Management System\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office (DMEO)<\/b><br><b>The DMEO is an apex Monitoring and Evaluation (M&amp;E) office which supports the Government to achieve the national development agenda through M&amp;E of government policies and programs.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 351,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office was established on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st January, 2015\",\r\n      \"18th September, 2015\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2016\",\r\n      \"13th May, 2019\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Establishment of the DMEO<\/b><br><b>DMEO was established on 18th SEPTEMBER, 2015 as an attached office of the NITI Aayog<\/b>, by merging the erstwhile Program Evaluation Office and Independent Evaluation Office. (1st January 2015 is the date on which the NITI Aayog itself came into existence.)\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 352,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office was established as an attached office of the NITI Aayog by merging\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the erstwhile Program Evaluation Office and the Independent Evaluation Office\",\r\n      \"the erstwhile Planning Commission and the Programme Evaluation Organisation\",\r\n      \"the Budget Division and the Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"the Public Financial Management System and the Union Budget Information System\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Constitution of the DMEO<\/b><br>DMEO was established as an attached office of the NITI Aayog <b>by MERGING the erstwhile PROGRAM EVALUATION OFFICE and the INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OFFICE<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 353,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"To ensure that the Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office is able to function independently, it has been given\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"separate budgetary allocations and manpower, in addition to complete functional autonomy\",\r\n      \"the status of a constitutional body\",\r\n      \"the powers of a civil court\",\r\n      \"a separate Demand for Grant in the Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Independence of the DMEO<\/b><br><b>To ensure that DMEO is able to function independently, it has been given SEPARATE BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS AND MANPOWER, in addition to COMPLETE FUNCTIONAL AUTONOMY.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 354,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are included in the mandate of the Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office?\\n1. Monitoring progress and efficacy of strategic and long-term policy and programme frameworks and initiatives, including necessary mid-course corrections\\n2. Actively monitoring and evaluating the implementation of programmes and initiatives, including identification of the needed resources\\n3. Technical advisory to States, under the NITI Aayog's mandate of cooperative and competitive federalism\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Mandate of the DMEO<\/b><br>All three form part of the mandate: <b>(i) monitoring progress and efficacy of strategic and long-term policy and program frameworks and initiatives to help innovative improvements, including necessary mid-course corrections; (ii) actively monitoring and evaluating the implementation of programs and initiatives, including the identification of the needed resources so as to strengthen the probability of success and scope of delivery; and (iii) technical advisory to States, under NITI Aayog's mandate of cooperative and competitive federalism<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 355,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"All Ministries and Departments were advised to carry out evaluation of all the ongoing schemes, programmes and projects which had not been evaluated so far, by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretary, in December 2002\",\r\n      \"Finance Secretary, in December 2002\",\r\n      \"NITI Aayog, in September 2015\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General, in December 2020\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Mid-Term Evaluation of Individual Schemes<\/b><br><b>The Cabinet Secretary had advised (December, 2002) all the Ministries\/Departments to carry out evaluation of all the ongoing schemes\/programmes\/projects which have not been evaluated so far.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 356,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"While appraising schemes for continuation, the Department of Expenditure insists on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"third party independent evaluation\",\r\n      \"evaluation by the administrative Ministry's own internal audit unit\",\r\n      \"certification by the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"approval of the Public Accounts Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Third Party Independent Evaluation<\/b><br><b>While appraising the schemes for continuation, the Department of Expenditure insists on THIRD PARTY INDEPENDENT EVALUATION.<\/b> Office Memorandum No. 42(02)\/PF-II\/2014 dated 08.12.2020 may be referred to in this regard.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 357,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Concurrent examination of the accounting and financial records, of systems and procedures, and of compliance with stated management policies, are described as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"essential elements of public policy\",\r\n      \"the exclusive function of the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"matters within the discretion of each Ministry\",\r\n      \"the responsibility of the Public Accounts Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rationale of Internal Audit<\/b><br><b>Concurrent examination of the accounting and financial records, of systems and procedures, and of compliance with stated management policies, are ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF PUBLIC POLICY.<\/b> Accordingly, each Ministry and Department of the Union Government has a special unit for internal audit.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 358,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The special internal audit unit in each Ministry and Department of the Union Government functions under the direct control and supervision of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secretary of the Ministry\",\r\n      \"Financial Advisers\",\r\n      \"Chief Controller of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Control of the Internal Audit Unit<\/b><br><b>Each Ministry and Department of the Union Government has a special unit under the direct control and supervision of the FINANCIAL ADVISERS.<\/b> The important findings of this unit are submitted to the Secretaries of the Ministries concerned for necessary corrective action.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 359,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The important findings of the internal audit unit are submitted to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secretaries of the Ministries concerned, for necessary corrective action\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General, for inclusion in the Audit Report\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee, for examination\",\r\n      \"Budget Division, for consideration at the pre-Budget meetings\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reporting of Internal Audit Findings<\/b><br><b>The important findings of this unit are submitted to the SECRETARIES OF THE MINISTRIES CONCERNED for necessary corrective action.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 360,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"As per the Revised Redefined Charter for Financial Advisers, the functions in relation to Internal Audit are carried out by the Chief Controllers of Accounts as per the guidelines issued from time to time by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General of India\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Budget Division\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Guidelines Governing Internal Audit<\/b><br>As per the Revised Redefined Charter for Financial Advisers, the internal audit functions <b>will be carried out by the Chief Controllers of Accounts as per the guidelines issued by the CONTROLLER GENERAL OF ACCOUNTS from time to time<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 361,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are among the internal audit functions carried out by the Chief Controllers of Accounts?\\n1. Appraisal, monitoring and evaluation of individual schemes\\n2. Assessment of adequacy and effectiveness of internal controls in general, and soundness of financial systems and reliability of financial and accounting reports in particular\\n3. Identification and monitoring of risk factors including those contained in the Outcome Budget\\n4. Critical assessment of economy, efficiency and effectiveness of the service delivery mechanism to ensure value for money\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Internal Audit Functions<\/b><br>All four are listed functions, along with <b>(v) providing an effective monitoring system to facilitate mid-course corrections<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 362,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Among the internal audit functions carried out by the Chief Controllers of Accounts, the function relating to risk factors extends to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"identification and monitoring of risk factors, including those contained in the Outcome Budget\",\r\n      \"identification of risk factors only, monitoring being left to the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"risk factors relating to procurement alone\",\r\n      \"risk factors identified in the Comptroller and Auditor General's Audit Report\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Risk Factors in Internal Audit<\/b><br>One of the prescribed internal audit functions is the <b>identification AND monitoring of risk factors, INCLUDING THOSE CONTAINED IN THE OUTCOME BUDGET<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 363,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The internal audit function of providing an effective monitoring system is intended to facilitate\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"mid-course corrections\",\r\n      \"the surrender of savings before the close of the year\",\r\n      \"the preparation of the Detailed Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"the certification of the Appropriation Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Monitoring System for Mid-course Corrections<\/b><br>The last of the prescribed internal audit functions is <b>'providing an effective monitoring system to facilitate MID-COURSE CORRECTIONS'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 364,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Comptroller and Auditor General of India conducts\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"an accounting and compliance audit only\",\r\n      \"not only an accounting and compliance audit, but also evaluation of the end results of the operations of Government, including considerations of economy, efficiency and effectiveness\",\r\n      \"only an evaluation of the end results of the operations of Government\",\r\n      \"only an audit of compliance with the FRBM Act and Rules\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of C&amp;AG Audit<\/b><br>The <b>C&amp;AG conducts NOT ONLY an accounting and compliance audit but ALSO evaluation of the end results of the operations of Government, including considerations of ECONOMY, EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 365,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Comptroller and Auditor General conducts the Audit of Union Government Finance and Appropriation and submits the audit report in terms of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 148 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Article 149 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Article 150 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Article 151 of the Constitution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 151 \u2013 Submission of Audit Reports<\/b><br><b>The C&amp;AG conducts the Audit of Union Government Finance and Appropriation and submits the audit report in terms of Article 151 of the Constitution.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 366,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Apart from the audit of Union Government Finance and Appropriation, the Comptroller and Auditor General is also entrusted with the responsibility of auditing compliance by the Central Government with the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act and Rules\",\r\n      \"Delegation of Financial Powers Rules, 1978\",\r\n      \"Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Audit of FRBM Compliance<\/b><br><b>The C&amp;AG is also entrusted with the responsibility of auditing compliance with the FRBM Act and Rules by the Central Government.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 367,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Public Accounts Committee selects the subject for its consideration based on the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Audit Report submitted by the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"reference made by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha\",\r\n      \"recommendations of the Estimates Committee\",\r\n      \"Statement of Budget Estimates furnished by the Ministries\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Selection of Subjects by the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br><b>The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) selects the subject for its consideration based on the AUDIT REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE C&amp;AG.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 368,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Committee on Public Accounts is constituted by Parliament\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"each year\",\r\n      \"once in two years\",\r\n      \"once in five years\",\r\n      \"only when the Comptroller and Auditor General so recommends\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Constitution of the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br><b>The Committee on Public Accounts is constituted by Parliament EACH YEAR<\/b> for examination of accounts showing the appropriation of sums granted by Parliament for expenditure of the Government of India, and the annual Finance Accounts of the Government of India.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 369,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Reports of the Comptroller and Auditor-General which mainly form the basis of the deliberations of the Public Accounts Committee are those on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Revenue Receipts\",\r\n      \"Autonomous Bodies\",\r\n      \"Public Sector Undertakings\",\r\n      \"State Finances\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Basis of the Committee's Deliberations<\/b><br><b>Reports of the Comptroller and Auditor-General on REVENUE RECEIPTS mainly form the basis of the deliberation of the Committee.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 370,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"In scrutinising the Appropriation Accounts and the Reports of the Comptroller and Auditor-General thereon, it is the duty of the Public Accounts Committee to satisfy itself that\\n1. the money shown in the accounts as having been disbursed was legally available for, and applicable to, the service or purpose to which it has been applied or charged.\\n2. the expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it.\\n3. every re-appropriation has been made in accordance with the provisions made in this behalf under the rules framed by competent authority.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Satisfactions of the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br>All three are correct \u2014 the Committee must satisfy itself <b>(a) that the money shown in the accounts as having been disbursed was legally available for and applicable to the service or purpose to which it has been applied or charged; (b) that the expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it; and (c) that every re-appropriation has been made in accordance with the provisions made in this behalf under the rules framed by competent authority<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 371,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"One of the duties of the Public Accounts Committee is to ascertain that the money granted by Parliament has been spent by Government\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"within the scope of the Demand\",\r\n      \"before the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"in accordance with the Outcome Budget targets\",\r\n      \"on schemes appraised by the Department of Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Spending within the Scope of the Demand<\/b><br><b>One of the duties of the Committee is to ascertain that money granted by Parliament has been spent by Government WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE DEMAND. It considers the justification for spending more or less than the amount originally sanctioned.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 372,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"In considering the justification for spending an amount different from that originally sanctioned, the Public Accounts Committee examines cases of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"spending more than the amount originally sanctioned only\",\r\n      \"spending less than the amount originally sanctioned only\",\r\n      \"spending both more and less than the amount originally sanctioned\",\r\n      \"spending on new services alone\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Excess as well as Shortfall<\/b><br>The Committee <b>considers the justification for spending MORE OR LESS than the amount originally sanctioned<\/b> \u2014 its scrutiny therefore extends both to excesses and to savings, not merely to excess expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 373,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"In the event of excess expenditure, the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"examines with reference to the facts of each case the circumstances leading to such an excess, and makes such recommendations as it may deem fit\",\r\n      \"directs the Ministry to surrender an equivalent amount in the following year\",\r\n      \"refers the case to the Comptroller and Auditor General for a fresh audit\",\r\n      \"recommends that the excess be met from the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Committee's Approach to Excess Expenditure<\/b><br><b>In the event of excess expenditure, the Committee examines with reference to the facts of each case the circumstances leading to such an excess and makes such recommendations as it may deem fit.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 374,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"After the Government takes action on the recommendations of the Public Accounts Committee, the first document submitted to the Committee is the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Action Taken Report\",\r\n      \"action taken notes\",\r\n      \"Action Taken Statement\",\r\n      \"Appropriation Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Sequence of Follow-up Action<\/b><br><b>Government takes action on the recommendations of the Committee and submits ACTION TAKEN NOTES to the Committee. The Committee then presents an ACTION TAKEN REPORT after considering the views of the Government. The Government further submits an 'ACTION TAKEN STATEMENT' on the action taken by the Government on the 'Action Taken Report' of the Committee.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 375,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The Action Taken Report is presented by the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"before receiving the action taken notes from the Government\",\r\n      \"after considering the views of the Government contained in the action taken notes\",\r\n      \"only where the Government rejects the Committee's recommendations\",\r\n      \"along with the Appropriation Accounts of the year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Action Taken Report<\/b><br>Government takes action on the recommendations of the Committee and submits action taken notes to the Committee. <b>The Committee then presents an ACTION TAKEN REPORT AFTER CONSIDERING THE VIEWS OF THE GOVERNMENT.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 376,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"The 'Action Taken Statement' submitted by the Government on the 'Action Taken Report' of the Public Accounts Committee is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"generally laid before the House without any further examination by the Committee\",\r\n      \"examined in detail by the Committee before being laid before the House\",\r\n      \"referred to the Comptroller and Auditor General for comments\",\r\n      \"considered by the Estimates Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Disposal of the Action Taken Statement<\/b><br><b>The Action Taken Statement is GENERALLY LAID BEFORE THE HOUSE WITHOUT ANY FURTHER EXAMINATION BY THE COMMITTEE.<\/b> This closes the accountability loop that begins with the C&amp;AG's Audit Report.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 377,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Action taken notes\\nB. Action Taken Report\\nC. Action Taken Statement\\nD. Selection of the subject for consideration by the Public Accounts Committee\\nList-II\\n1. Presented by the Committee after considering the views of the Government\\n2. Based on the Audit Report submitted by the Comptroller and Auditor General\\n3. Submitted by the Government to the Committee on its recommendations\\n4. Generally laid before the House without any further examination by the Committee\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Accountability Cycle of the Public Accounts Committee<\/b><br>The Government submits <b>action taken notes<\/b> on the Committee's recommendations; the Committee then presents an <b>Action Taken Report<\/b> after considering the views of the Government; the Government further submits an <b>Action Taken Statement<\/b>, which is generally laid before the House without any further examination by the Committee; and the Committee <b>selects the subject for its consideration based on the Audit Report submitted by the C&amp;AG<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 378,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding the review mechanisms is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement provides three year rolling targets for the prescribed expenditure indicators.\",\r\n      \"The Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office is an attached office of the NITI Aayog.\",\r\n      \"The internal audit unit of a Ministry functions under the direct control and supervision of the Comptroller and Auditor General.\",\r\n      \"The Public Accounts Committee selects its subjects on the basis of the Audit Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General.\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Internal Audit Is Not under the C&amp;AG<\/b><br>The special internal audit unit in each Ministry and Department functions <b>under the direct control and supervision of the FINANCIAL ADVISERS<\/b> \u2014 not the C&amp;AG \u2014 so option (c) is incorrect. The other three statements correctly state the position.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 379,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"With reference to the review mechanisms under the Budget Manual, which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Statement on half yearly review of trends in receipts and expenditure \u2013 Section 7(1) of the FRBM Act, 2003\",\r\n      \"Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement \u2013 Section 3 of the FRBM Act, 2003\",\r\n      \"Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office \u2013 Established on 18th September, 2015\",\r\n      \"Third party independent evaluation of schemes for continuation \u2013 Insisted upon by the Budget Division\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Third Party Evaluation Is Insisted upon by the Department of Expenditure<\/b><br><b>While appraising the schemes for continuation, it is the DEPARTMENT OF EXPENDITURE that insists on third party independent evaluation<\/b>, not the Budget Division \u2014 so the fourth pairing is incorrect. The other three pairings are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 380,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements:\\n1. The Comptroller and Auditor General's audit is confined to verifying whether expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it.\\n2. The Public Accounts Committee's deliberations are based mainly on the Comptroller and Auditor General's Reports on Revenue Receipts.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scope of C&amp;AG Audit and the Basis of the Committee's Work<\/b><br>Statement 1 is incorrect \u2014 <b>the C&amp;AG conducts not only an accounting and compliance audit but also evaluation of the end results of the operations of Government, including considerations of economy, efficiency and effectiveness<\/b>. Statement 2 is correct \u2014 <b>Reports of the C&amp;AG on Revenue Receipts mainly form the basis of the deliberation of the Committee<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 381,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Outcome Budget and the Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework:\\n1. A preliminary Outcome Budget presented by every Ministry became part of the budgetary process before the consolidated Outcome Budget document was introduced.\\n2. The Output-Outcome Framework covers all Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes irrespective of their outlay.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Coverage of the Output-Outcome Framework<\/b><br>Statement 1 is correct \u2014 <b>from the fiscal year 2006-07 every Ministry presented a preliminary Outcome Budget, and only since 2017-18 have the expected outputs and outcomes been presented in a CONSOLIDATED Outcome Budget document<\/b>. Statement 2 is incorrect \u2014 <b>the Outcome Budget contains the Output-Outcome Framework only for MAJOR CS and CSS with outlay of \u20b9500 crore and more<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 382,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 6: BUDGET REVIEW\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following is not among the functions in relation to Internal Audit carried out by the Chief Controllers of Accounts?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Appraisal, monitoring and evaluation of individual schemes\",\r\n      \"Assessment of adequacy and effectiveness of internal controls\",\r\n      \"Selection of subjects for the consideration of the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"Critical assessment of economy, efficiency and effectiveness of the service delivery mechanism to ensure value for money\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Internal Audit Functions Distinguished<\/b><br>The <b>selection of subjects for the consideration of the Public Accounts Committee is made by the Committee itself, on the basis of the Audit Report submitted by the C&amp;AG<\/b> \u2014 it is not an internal audit function of the Chief Controllers of Accounts. The other three are among the five prescribed internal audit functions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 383,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Bill introduced in the House of the People contains provisions dealing with the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India, and additionally provides for the imposition of fines for contravention of its provisions. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It remains a Money Bill, because a Bill is not taken out of that category by reason only of a provision for fines\",\r\n      \"It ceases to be a Money Bill, because it provides for the imposition of fines\",\r\n      \"It is a financial Bill under Article 117(1) but not a Money Bill, since fines are not enumerated in Article 110(1)\",\r\n      \"It requires the certificate of the Chairman of the Council of States before transmission\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 110(1)(d), 110(1)(g) and 110(2) read together<\/b><br>The appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India is a matter enumerated in Article 110(1)(d). Article 110(2) then makes clear that a Bill <b>'shall not be deemed to be a Money Bill BY REASON ONLY that it provides for the imposition of fines or other pecuniary penalties'<\/b>. The fines provision is therefore incidental within the meaning of clause (1)(g) and does not displace the character of the Bill. The certificate under Article 110(4) is that of the <b>Speaker of the House of the People<\/b>, not the Chairman.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 384,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Bill contains only provisions for the demand and payment of fees for services rendered by a Union authority, and for the imposition of a tax by a municipal body for local purposes. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It is a Money Bill, since the imposition of a tax is one of the enumerated matters\",\r\n      \"It is not a Money Bill, since neither of the two provisions is sufficient to make it one\",\r\n      \"It is a Money Bill only if the Speaker so certifies, irrespective of its contents\",\r\n      \"It is a Money Bill, since fees payable to a Union authority form part of the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 110(2) \u2013 Both Limbs Excluded<\/b><br>Article 110(2) expressly provides that a Bill shall not be deemed to be a Money Bill by reason only that it provides <b>for the demand or payment of fees for licences or fees for services rendered<\/b>, or that it provides <b>for the imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any tax BY ANY LOCAL AUTHORITY OR BODY FOR LOCAL PURPOSES<\/b>. Since the Bill contains nothing beyond these two matters, it is not a Money Bill. The Speaker's decision under clause (3) settles disputes about a Bill's character; it does not confer that character on a Bill regardless of contents.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 385,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Money Bill passed by the House of the People is received by the Council of States on the 3rd of a month. The Council returns it with its recommendations on the 20th of that month. Which one of the following correctly states the position?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The House of the People must consider the recommendations and either accept or reject them\",\r\n      \"The Bill is deemed to have been passed with the amendments recommended by the Council of States\",\r\n      \"The Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People, the period of fourteen days having already expired\",\r\n      \"The Bill must be referred to a joint sitting of both Houses\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 109(5)<\/b><br>The Council of States has <b>fourteen days from the date of receipt<\/b> within which to return the Bill. Here the Bill was received on the 3rd and returned on the 20th \u2014 beyond that period. Under Article 109(5), where the Bill <b>is not returned within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People<\/b>. The Bill was thus already deemed passed on the 17th, and the belated recommendations have no effect. There is no provision for a joint sitting in respect of Money Bills.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 386,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Council of States returns a Money Bill within time with four recommendations, of which the House of the People accepts two and rejects two. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses with all four recommendations\",\r\n      \"The Bill must be returned to the Council of States for reconsideration of the rejected recommendations\",\r\n      \"The Bill is deemed to have been passed in the form originally passed by the House of the People, since it did not accept all the recommendations\",\r\n      \"The Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the two recommendations accepted by the House of the People\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 109(3)<\/b><br><b>If the House of the People accepts ANY of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States AND ACCEPTED BY THE HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE.<\/b> Option (d) describes clause (4), which applies only where the House of the People does not accept <b>any<\/b> of the recommendations.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 387,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India:\\n1. The salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of Judges of the Supreme Court are charged.\\n2. The salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of Judges of the High Courts are charged.\\n3. Any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal are charged.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 112(3)(d) \u2013 The Supreme Court\/High Court Distinction<\/b><br>In the case of the Supreme Court, the <b>salaries, allowances AND pensions<\/b> are charged \u2705 (Statement 1). In the case of a High Court, however, only the <b>PENSIONS<\/b> payable to or in respect of its Judges are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India \u2014 their salaries and allowances are charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State \u2014 so Statement 2 overstates the position and is incorrect. Statement 3 correctly reflects Article 112(3)(f) \u2705.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 388,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following is not, by force of Article 112(3) itself, expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The salaries and allowances of the Ministers of the Union Council of Ministers\",\r\n      \"Debt charges for which the Government of India is liable, including sinking fund charges and redemption charges\",\r\n      \"The salaries and allowances of the Deputy Chairman of the Council of States\",\r\n      \"The salary, allowances and pension payable to or in respect of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 112(3) \u2013 The Enumerated Categories<\/b><br>Article 112(3) charges on the Consolidated Fund of India the emoluments of the President; the salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People; debt charges including interest, sinking fund and redemption charges; the salaries, allowances and pensions of Supreme Court Judges and the pensions of Federal Court and High Court Judges; the salary, allowances and pension of the C&amp;AG; sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award; and any other expenditure so declared by the Constitution or by Parliament by law. <b>The salaries and allowances of Ministers are not among the enumerated categories and are voted expenditure.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 389,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates:\\n1. Estimates relating to expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India may be discussed in either House but are not put to the vote.\\n2. The House of the People may assent to a demand for grant subject to a reduction of the amount specified therein.\\n3. The House of the People may assent to a demand for grant subject to an increase in the amount, where the Finance Minister so agrees.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 113(1) and (2)<\/b><br>Statement 1 correctly reflects Article 113(1) \u2014 charged estimates <b>shall not be submitted to the vote of Parliament, but nothing prevents their DISCUSSION<\/b> \u2705. Statement 2 correctly reflects Article 113(2) \u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect: the House's powers are confined to <b>assenting, refusing to assent, or assenting subject to a REDUCTION<\/b> \u2014 there is no power to increase the amount of a demand, with or without the Minister's concurrence.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 390,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"An amendment is moved to an Appropriation Bill which does not alter the total sum to be appropriated, but transfers a specified amount from one grant made by the House of the People to another. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The amendment is admissible, since the total amount appropriated remains unchanged\",\r\n      \"The amendment is inadmissible, since it alters the destination of a grant already made\",\r\n      \"The amendment is admissible only with the prior recommendation of the President\",\r\n      \"The amendment is admissible in the House of the People but not in the Council of States\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 114(2)<\/b><br>No amendment shall be proposed to an Appropriation Bill in either House <b>which will have the effect of VARYING THE AMOUNT OR ALTERING THE DESTINATION of any grant so made, or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b>. An amendment which leaves the total untouched but shifts money between grants alters the destination of a grant and is therefore inadmissible. <b>The decision of the person presiding as to inadmissibility is final.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 391,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"In the Appropriation Bill, the sum provided in respect of expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India is subject to a limitation which does not apply to the sums provided in respect of the grants made by the House of the People. That limitation is that the charged expenditure\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"must be approved by the Council of States before inclusion\",\r\n      \"shall not exceed the amount appropriated for that purpose in the preceding financial year\",\r\n      \"shall not exceed in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before Parliament\",\r\n      \"shall be limited to the amount certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 114(1)(b)<\/b><br>The Appropriation Bill provides for the appropriation of all moneys required to meet <b>(a) the grants made by the House of the People; and (b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India BUT NOT EXCEEDING IN ANY CASE THE AMOUNT SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT PREVIOUSLY LAID BEFORE PARLIAMENT<\/b>. Since charged expenditure is not voted, this ceiling \u2014 pegged to the Annual Financial Statement already laid \u2014 is the safeguard that replaces the vote.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 392,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"During a financial year it emerges that a need has arisen for expenditure upon a new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year. The course prescribed by the Constitution is that the President shall cause\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a demand for such excess to be presented to the House of the People\",\r\n      \"an advance to be made from the Contingency Fund of India, without any statement being laid\",\r\n      \"a fresh annual financial statement to be laid before both Houses\",\r\n      \"another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure to be laid before both Houses of Parliament\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 115(1) \u2013 Distinguishing the Two Limbs<\/b><br>Where the amount authorised is found insufficient, or a need has arisen for supplementary or additional expenditure upon <b>some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement<\/b> \u2014 that is, clause (1)(a) \u2014 the President causes <b>another STATEMENT showing the estimated amount of that expenditure to be laid before both Houses<\/b>. It is only under clause (1)(b), where money <b>has already been spent<\/b> in excess of the amount granted, that a <b>DEMAND for such excess<\/b> is presented to the House of the People.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 393,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements:\\n1. A demand for an excess grant is presented to the House of the People only after the money has already been spent.\\n2. The provisions of Articles 112, 113 and 114 apply to a supplementary statement and to the law authorising the appropriation of moneys to meet such expenditure.\\n3. A supplementary grant may be made without any recommendation of the President.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 115 read with Article 113(3)<\/b><br>Statement 1 is correct \u2014 clause (1)(b) is attracted where <b>money HAS BEEN SPENT on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted<\/b> \u2705. Statement 2 is correct: <b>Article 115(2) applies Articles 112, 113 and 114 to such statement, expenditure or demand<\/b> \u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect: since Article 113 applies, the requirement in Article 113(3) that <b>no demand for a grant shall be made except on the recommendation of the President<\/b> carries over to supplementary and excess demands as well.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 394,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A service is of such indefinite character that the demand for it cannot be stated with the details ordinarily given in an annual financial statement. The appropriate constitutional device to meet the expenditure is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a vote of credit\",\r\n      \"a vote on account\",\r\n      \"an exceptional grant\",\r\n      \"an advance from the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 116(1)(b)<\/b><br>A <b>VOTE OF CREDIT<\/b> is a grant made <b>'for meeting an unexpected demand upon the resources of India when, on account of the MAGNITUDE OR THE INDEFINITE CHARACTER of the service, the demand cannot be stated with the details ordinarily given in an annual financial statement'<\/b>. A vote on account under clause (1)(a) is a grant in advance for a part of the year pending the normal procedure; an exceptional grant under clause (1)(c) is one which <b>forms no part of the current service of any financial year<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 395,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A grant is proposed which forms no part of the current service of any financial year. Under the Constitution this is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a vote on account, requiring the completion of the procedure under Article 113\",\r\n      \"an exceptional grant, for which Parliament has power to authorise by law the withdrawal of moneys from the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"a vote of credit, requiring an unexpected demand upon the resources of India\",\r\n      \"impermissible, since every grant must relate to the current service of a financial year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 116(1)(c)<\/b><br>The House of the People has power <b>'to make an EXCEPTIONAL GRANT which forms no part of the current service of any financial year; and Parliament shall have power to authorise by law the withdrawal of moneys from the Consolidated Fund of India for the purposes for which the said grants are made'<\/b>. Article 116(2) applies Articles 113 and 114 to such grants.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 396,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Bill contains no provision dealing with any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of Article 110(1), but if enacted it would involve expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India. Which one of the following correctly states the requirement?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It cannot be introduced except on the recommendation of the President, and cannot be introduced in the Council of States\",\r\n      \"It must be certified by the Speaker as a Money Bill before introduction\",\r\n      \"It may be introduced in either House without the President's recommendation, but cannot be passed by either House unless the President has recommended to that House the consideration of the Bill\",\r\n      \"It requires the President's recommendation both for introduction and for consideration\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 117(1) contrasted with Article 117(3)<\/b><br>The restriction on introduction \u2014 <b>no introduction or moving except on the President's recommendation, and no introduction in the Council of States<\/b> \u2014 applies under Article 117(1) only to a Bill or amendment making provision for the matters in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of Article 110(1). A Bill which merely <b>involves expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b> falls under Article 117(3), which imposes a requirement only at the stage of passing: <b>it shall not be passed by either House unless the President has recommended to that House the consideration of the Bill<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 397,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A member seeks to move an amendment to a taxation Bill providing for the abolition of a tax. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The amendment cannot be moved except on the recommendation of the President\",\r\n      \"The amendment may be moved only in the Council of States\",\r\n      \"The amendment requires the certificate of the Speaker that it does not affect the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"The amendment may be moved without the recommendation of the President\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Proviso to Article 117(1)<\/b><br>While a Bill or amendment making provision for the matters in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of Article 110(1) ordinarily requires the President's recommendation, the proviso states that <b>'no recommendation shall be required under this clause for the moving of an amendment making provision for the REDUCTION OR ABOLITION OF ANY TAX'<\/b>. The same proviso appears in Article 207(1) in relation to the Governor and State Legislatures.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 398,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Recommendation required for introduction, and no introduction in the Council of States\\nB. Recommendation required only for consideration by the House which is to pass the Bill\\nC. Decision as to whether a Bill is a Money Bill\\nD. Decision as to whether an amendment to an Appropriation Bill is inadmissible\\nList-II\\n1. The person presiding, whose decision is final\\n2. A Bill making provision for the matters in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of Article 110(1)\\n3. The Speaker of the House of the People, whose decision is final\\n4. A Bill which, if enacted, would involve expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 110(3), 114(2), 117(1) and 117(3) Compared<\/b><br>The bar on introduction without the President's recommendation, and the bar on introduction in the Council of States, attach under <b>Article 117(1)<\/b> to a Bill dealing with the matters in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of Article 110(1). The lighter requirement of a recommendation <b>for consideration<\/b> attaches under <b>Article 117(3)<\/b> to a Bill merely involving expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India. Whether a Bill is a Money Bill is decided finally by the <b>Speaker<\/b> (Article 110(3)); whether an amendment to an Appropriation Bill is inadmissible is decided finally by <b>the person presiding<\/b> (Article 114(2)). Hence A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 399,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following differences between Article 117 and Article 207 is correctly stated?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Under Article 117 the recommendation is that of the President and the bar on introduction operates in respect of the Council of States, whereas under Article 207 the recommendation is that of the Governor and the bar operates in respect of a Legislative Council\",\r\n      \"Article 117 applies to Money Bills while Article 207 applies to all Bills\",\r\n      \"Article 207, unlike Article 117, contains no proviso relating to the reduction or abolition of a tax\",\r\n      \"Article 207 requires the recommendation of the President in addition to that of the Governor\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 117 and 207 Compared<\/b><br>The two Articles are parallel. Under <b>Article 117(1)<\/b> the recommendation is that of the <b>President<\/b>, the enumerated matters are those in Article 110(1), and the Bill may not be introduced in the <b>Council of States<\/b>. Under <b>Article 207(1)<\/b> the recommendation is that of the <b>Governor<\/b>, the enumerated matters are those in Article 199(1), and the Bill may not be introduced in a <b>Legislative Council<\/b>. Both contain the identical proviso dispensing with the recommendation for an amendment providing for the reduction or abolition of any tax.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 400,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Contingency Fund of India:\\n1. It is established by the President by order, in the nature of an imprest.\\n2. Advances are made out of it for the purpose of meeting unforeseen expenditure pending authorisation of such expenditure by Parliament by law.\\n3. The authorisation which must follow such an advance is that under Article 115 or Article 116.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 267(1)<\/b><br>Statement 1 is incorrect: the Fund is established <b>by PARLIAMENT BY LAW<\/b> \u2014 it is only placed at the disposal of the President. Statements 2 and 3 are correct: advances are made by the President <b>'for the purposes of meeting unforeseen expenditure pending authorisation of such expenditure by Parliament by law under Article 115 or Article 116'<\/b> \u2705\u2705. The corresponding State provision under Article 267(2) refers to authorisation by the State Legislature under Article 205 or Article 206.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 401,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Money is received by the Government of India in repayment of a loan earlier advanced by it. This money\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"is credited to the public account of India, being a receipt other than revenue\",\r\n      \"forms part of the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"is credited to the Contingency Fund of India as an imprest recoupment\",\r\n      \"is retained by the lending Ministry outside the Government account\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 266(1)<\/b><br>The Consolidated Fund of India comprises <b>all revenues received by the Government of India, all loans raised by that Government by the issue of treasury bills, loans or ways and means advances, AND ALL MONEYS RECEIVED BY THAT GOVERNMENT IN REPAYMENT OF LOANS<\/b>. It is only <b>other<\/b> public moneys received by or on behalf of the Government that are credited to the public account under Article 266(2).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 402,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The requirement in Article 266(3) is that no moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India or of a State shall be appropriated except\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"with the prior certification of the Comptroller and Auditor-General\",\r\n      \"after the estimates have been discussed in both Houses\",\r\n      \"in accordance with law and for the purposes and in the manner provided in the Constitution\",\r\n      \"in accordance with rules made by the President under Article 283\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 266(3)<\/b><br><b>'No moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India or the Consolidated Fund of a State shall be appropriated except IN ACCORDANCE WITH LAW AND FOR THE PURPOSES AND IN THE MANNER PROVIDED IN THIS CONSTITUTION.'<\/b> Article 283, by contrast, deals not with appropriation but with the custody of the Funds and the machinery of payments into and withdrawals from them.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 403,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A stamp duty mentioned in the Union List is levied by the Government of India and is leviable within a State. Which one of the following correctly states the position as to its collection and proceeds?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It is collected by the Government of India, and its proceeds form part of the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"It is collected by the State, and its proceeds form part of the Consolidated Fund of India before being distributed\",\r\n      \"It is collected by the Government of India, and its net proceeds are distributed among all the States\",\r\n      \"It is collected by the State, and its proceeds do not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India but are assigned to that State\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 268<\/b><br>Such stamp duties and duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List are <b>LEVIED by the Government of India but COLLECTED by the States within which they are respectively leviable<\/b> \u2014 collection by the Government of India occurs only where the duty is leviable within a Union territory. Under clause (2), <b>the proceeds of any such duty leviable within a State shall NOT form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be ASSIGNED to that State<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 404,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Parliament levies a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, on a tax referred to in Article 270. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The whole proceeds of the surcharge form part of the Consolidated Fund of India and are not shared with the States\",\r\n      \"The proceeds of the surcharge are added to the divisible pool and shared with the States in the prescribed percentage\",\r\n      \"The proceeds of the surcharge are assigned to the States within which it is leviable\",\r\n      \"A surcharge may be levied only on the taxes referred to in Article 269 and not on those referred to in Article 270\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 271 read with Article 270(1)<\/b><br><b>Notwithstanding anything in Articles 269 and 270, Parliament may at any time increase any of the duties or taxes referred to in those Articles by a surcharge for purposes of the Union, and THE WHOLE PROCEEDS of any such surcharge SHALL FORM PART OF THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA.<\/b> Consistently, Article 270(1) expressly excludes <b>surcharge on taxes and duties referred to in Article 271<\/b> \u2014 and also any cess levied for specific purposes \u2014 from the pool distributed between the Union and the States.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 405,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following is not excluded from the taxes and duties which, under Article 270, are levied and collected by the Government of India and distributed between the Union and the States?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The duties and taxes referred to in Articles 268 and 269\",\r\n      \"Taxes on income other than agricultural income\",\r\n      \"Surcharge on taxes and duties referred to in Article 271\",\r\n      \"Any cess levied for specific purposes under any law made by Parliament\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 270(1) \u2013 The Exclusions<\/b><br>Article 270(1) covers <b>all taxes and duties referred to in the Union List EXCEPT (i) the duties and taxes referred to in Articles 268 and 269, (ii) surcharge on taxes and duties referred to in Article 271, and (iii) any cess levied for specific purposes under any law made by Parliament<\/b>. Taxes on income other than agricultural income are not among the exclusions and therefore fall squarely within the distributable pool.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 406,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the taxes covered by Article 269:\\n1. They are levied and collected by the Government of India but assigned to the States.\\n2. Their net proceeds, in so far as they represent proceeds attributable to Union territories, also do not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n3. The principles of distribution among the States are formulated by Parliament by law.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 269(2)<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 3 are correct \u2705\u2705. Statement 2 reverses the position: the net proceeds <b>'EXCEPT IN SO FAR AS THOSE PROCEEDS REPRESENT PROCEEDS ATTRIBUTABLE TO UNION TERRITORIES'<\/b> shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India \u2014 so proceeds attributable to Union territories <b>do<\/b> form part of that Fund and are not assigned to the States.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 407,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The percentage of the net proceeds of a tax under Article 270 which is to be assigned to the States is 'prescribed'. Before any Finance Commission has been constituted, and after one has been constituted, this prescription is respectively made by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Parliament by law, and the President by order\",\r\n      \"the President by order, and the Finance Commission itself\",\r\n      \"the President by order, and the President by order after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"the Finance Commission, and Parliament by law\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 270(3)<\/b><br>'Prescribed' means \u2014 <b>(i) UNTIL a Finance Commission has been constituted, prescribed by the PRESIDENT BY ORDER; and (ii) AFTER a Finance Commission has been constituted, prescribed by the PRESIDENT BY ORDER AFTER CONSIDERING THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FINANCE COMMISSION<\/b>. In neither case does the Commission itself prescribe: its role is recommendatory, and the instrument remains an order of the President.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 408,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"They are voted grants made to the four named States and continue so long as Parliament by law so provides\",\r\n      \"They are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and continue so long as the export duty is levied or until ten years from the commencement of the Constitution, whichever is later\",\r\n      \"They are made in lieu of the assignment to those States of the whole of the export duty collected\",\r\n      \"They are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and continue so long as the export duty is levied or until ten years from the commencement of the Constitution, whichever is earlier\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 273<\/b><br>The sums are <b>CHARGED on the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b> in each year as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the States of Assam, Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal, <b>in lieu of assignment of any SHARE of the net proceeds<\/b> of export duty on jute and jute products. They <b>continue to be so charged so long as any export duty on jute or jute products continues to be levied by the Government of India, OR UNTIL THE EXPIRATION OF TEN YEARS from the commencement of the Constitution, WHICHEVER IS EARLIER<\/b> \u2014 not whichever is later.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 409,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding grants from the Union to certain States under Article 275:\\n1. The sums are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n2. Different sums may be fixed for different States.\\n3. After a Finance Commission has been constituted, the President may make an order under clause (2) without reference to its recommendations, since the power is his own.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 275(1) and the Proviso to Article 275(2)<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 2 are correct \u2014 the sums Parliament may by law provide are <b>charged on the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b>, and <b>different sums may be fixed for different States<\/b> \u2705\u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect: the proviso to clause (2) is categorical that <b>after a Finance Commission has been constituted, NO ORDER SHALL BE MADE under that clause by the President EXCEPT AFTER CONSIDERING THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FINANCE COMMISSION<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 410,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The second proviso to Article 275(1) provides for grants to a particular State computed with reference to the average excess of expenditure over revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of the Constitution in respect of the administration of certain tribal areas. That State is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Assam\",\r\n      \"Bihar\",\r\n      \"West Bengal\",\r\n      \"Orissa\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Second Proviso to Article 275(1)<\/b><br>There shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India, as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the <b>State of ASSAM<\/b>, sums capital and recurring equivalent to <b>(a) the average excess of expenditure over the revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of the Constitution in respect of the administration of the tribal areas specified in Part I of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule; and (b) the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by that State with the approval of the Government of India for raising the level of administration of those areas<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 411,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"In relation to the calculation of 'net proceeds', which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The net proceeds are the proceeds reduced by the cost of collection and by the surcharge, and are certified by the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"The net proceeds are the proceeds reduced by the cost of collection, and are ascertained and certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General, whose certificate is final\",\r\n      \"The net proceeds are the gross proceeds, the cost of collection being separately provided for in the Budget\",\r\n      \"The certificate of the Comptroller and Auditor-General as to net proceeds is subject to revision by the President on the recommendation of the Finance Commission\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 279(1)<\/b><br><b>'Net proceeds' means, in relation to any tax or duty, the proceeds thereof REDUCED BY THE COST OF COLLECTION<\/b>, and the net proceeds of any tax or duty in or attributable to any area <b>shall be ascertained and certified by the COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, WHOSE CERTIFICATE SHALL BE FINAL<\/b>. It is this certificate against which the monthly devolution releases to the States, made on the basis of estimates, are finally adjusted.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 412,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Finance Commission:\\n1. It must be constituted at the expiration of every fifth year, and cannot be constituted earlier.\\n2. Its composition is a Chairman and four other members appointed by the President.\\n3. The qualifications requisite for appointment as members, and the manner of their selection, are determined by the President by order.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 280(1) and (2)<\/b><br>Only Statement 2 is correct \u2014 the Commission consists of <b>a Chairman and four other members appointed by the President<\/b> \u2705. Statement 1 is incorrect: the President constitutes the Commission <b>'at the expiration of every fifth year OR AT SUCH EARLIER TIME AS THE PRESIDENT CONSIDERS NECESSARY'<\/b>. Statement 3 is incorrect: the qualifications and the manner of selection may be determined by <b>PARLIAMENT BY LAW<\/b>, not by presidential order.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 413,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The recommendations of the Finance Commission relating to the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats and Municipalities in that State are required to be made\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"on the basis of a reference made by the President in the interests of sound finance\",\r\n      \"on the basis of proposals received from the Ministry of Panchayati Raj\",\r\n      \"on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State\",\r\n      \"at the discretion of the Commission, without reference to any other body\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 280(3)(bb) and (c)<\/b><br>It is the duty of the Commission to make recommendations as to the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats and of the Municipalities in the State <b>'ON THE BASIS OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS MADE BY THE FINANCE COMMISSION OF THE STATE'<\/b>. The residuary head \u2014 <b>'any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance'<\/b> \u2014 is a separate duty under clause (3)(d).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 414,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Union proposes to make a grant for a public purpose falling wholly within a matter enumerated in the State List, with respect to which Parliament has no power to make laws. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The grant is impermissible, since the Union cannot spend on a matter outside its legislative competence\",\r\n      \"The grant is permissible only on the recommendation of the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"The grant is permissible only during the operation of a Proclamation under Article 356\",\r\n      \"The grant is permissible, since the Union may make grants for any public purpose notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament may make laws\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 282<\/b><br><b>'The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.'<\/b> The Article thus decouples the spending power from legislative competence, and is the constitutional basis on which the Union funds a wide range of schemes in fields otherwise within the States' domain.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 415,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Custody of the Consolidated Fund of India, until provision is made by law\\nB. Custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State, until provision is made by law\\nC. Establishment of the Contingency Fund of India\\nD. Establishment of the Contingency Fund of a State\\nList-II\\n1. Law made by the Legislature of the State\\n2. Rules made by the Governor of the State\\n3. Rules made by the President\\n4. Law made by Parliament\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 283 and 267 Compared<\/b><br>Under <b>Article 283(1)<\/b>, the custody of the Consolidated Fund and Contingency Fund of India and connected matters are regulated by <b>law made by Parliament, and until such provision is made, by RULES MADE BY THE PRESIDENT<\/b>; under <b>Article 283(2)<\/b>, the State counterpart is regulated by law made by the State Legislature and, until then, by <b>RULES MADE BY THE GOVERNOR<\/b>. Establishment of the Funds themselves, however, is always by legislation \u2014 <b>Parliament by law<\/b> for the Contingency Fund of India (Article 267(1)) and the <b>Legislature of the State by law<\/b> for that of a State (Article 267(2)).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 416,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A district court receives a sum deposited to the credit of a pending suit. Under the Constitution this money is required to be paid into\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the public account of India or of the State, as the case may be\",\r\n      \"the Consolidated Fund of the State\",\r\n      \"the Contingency Fund of the State\",\r\n      \"a personal deposit account of the presiding judge\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 284<\/b><br>All moneys received by or deposited with <b>(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government; or (b) ANY COURT within the territory of India TO THE CREDIT OF ANY CAUSE, MATTER, ACCOUNT OR PERSONS, shall be paid into the PUBLIC ACCOUNT of India or the public account of the State, as the case may be<\/b>. Such sums are not Government revenues and therefore cannot go to the Consolidated Fund.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 417,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following differences between the borrowing power of the Union and that of a State is correctly stated?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Union may borrow only within the territory of India, whereas a State may borrow within or outside it\",\r\n      \"The executive power of a State to borrow is confined to borrowing within the territory of India, whereas Article 292 imposes no such territorial limitation on the Union\",\r\n      \"The Union's borrowing limits are fixed by the President by order, and a State's by the Governor\",\r\n      \"Neither the Union nor a State may give guarantees, the power being confined to raising loans\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 292 and 293(1) Compared<\/b><br>Under <b>Article 292<\/b>, the executive power of the Union extends to <b>borrowing upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of India within such limits as may from time to time be fixed by PARLIAMENT BY LAW<\/b>, with no territorial restriction. Under <b>Article 293(1)<\/b>, the executive power of a State extends to <b>borrowing WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF INDIA upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits as may be fixed by the LEGISLATURE OF SUCH STATE by law<\/b>. Both Articles also extend to the giving of guarantees within such limits as may be fixed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 418,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A State has fully repaid every loan made to it by the Government of India, but a guarantee given by the Government of India in respect of a loan raised by the State from a bank is still outstanding. The State now proposes to raise a fresh loan. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The State may raise the loan without the consent of the Government of India, since no loan from the Government of India is outstanding\",\r\n      \"The State may raise the loan, but must charge the repayment on the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"The State may not raise the loan without the consent of the Government of India, since a guarantee given by it is still outstanding\",\r\n      \"The State requires the prior sanction of Parliament by law\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 293(3)<\/b><br><b>A State may not, without the consent of the Government of India, raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, OR IN RESPECT OF WHICH A GUARANTEE HAS BEEN GIVEN by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.<\/b> The outstanding guarantee is therefore by itself sufficient to attract the requirement of consent, which under clause (4) may be granted subject to such conditions as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 419,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Sums required for the purpose of loans made by the Government of India to a State are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"voted by the House of the People as part of the Demand of the Ministry of Home Affairs\",\r\n      \"met from the Contingency Fund of India and later recouped\",\r\n      \"charged on the Consolidated Fund of the borrowing State\",\r\n      \"charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 293(2)<\/b><br>The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State so long as the limits fixed under Article 292 are not exceeded; and <b>any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be CHARGED ON THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA<\/b> \u2014 and are therefore not submitted to the vote of Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 420,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements correctly distinguishes Article 268 from Article 269 in their treatment of the taxes and duties concerned?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Under Article 268 the duty is levied by the Government of India but collected by the States (except within a Union territory), whereas under Article 269 the tax is both levied and collected by the Government of India and then assigned to the States\",\r\n      \"Under both, the tax is levied and collected by the Government of India, but under Article 268 the proceeds are assigned to the States\",\r\n      \"Under Article 268 the duty is levied and collected by the States, whereas under Article 269 it is levied and collected by the Government of India\",\r\n      \"Under both, the proceeds form part of the Consolidated Fund of India before being assigned\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 268 and 269 Compared<\/b><br>Under <b>Article 268<\/b> the duties are <b>LEVIED by the Government of India but COLLECTED by the States<\/b> within which they are leviable (by the Government of India where leviable within a Union territory), the proceeds being assigned to the State. Under <b>Article 269<\/b> the taxes are <b>LEVIED AND COLLECTED by the Government of India but ASSIGNED to the States<\/b>. In neither case do the assigned proceeds form part of the Consolidated Fund of India.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 421,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Article 272, which dealt with taxes levied and collected by the Union and capable of being distributed between the Union and the States, was repealed by the Constitution (Eightieth Amendment) Act, 2000. The provision which now governs the distribution of such taxes and duties between the Union and the States is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 268\",\r\n      \"Article 270\",\r\n      \"Article 269\",\r\n      \"Article 275\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Effect of the Repeal of Article 272<\/b><br>Following the omission of Article 272 by the <b>Constitution (Eightieth Amendment) Act, 2000<\/b>, the distribution of taxes and duties between the Union and the States is governed by <b>Article 270<\/b>, which brings all taxes and duties in the Union List \u2014 save those under Articles 268 and 269, surcharges under Article 271 and cesses for specific purposes \u2014 into a single distributable pool.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 422,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The President appoints the Governor of a State as the administrator of an adjoining Union territory. In discharging his functions as such administrator, the Governor\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers of his own State\",\r\n      \"acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers of the Union territory\",\r\n      \"acts independently of his Council of Ministers\",\r\n      \"acts on the instructions of the Ministry of Home Affairs in every case\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 239(2)<\/b><br>Notwithstanding anything contained in Part VI, the President may appoint the Governor of a State as the administrator of an adjoining Union territory, and <b>where a Governor is so appointed, he shall exercise his functions as such administrator INDEPENDENTLY OF HIS COUNCIL OF MINISTERS<\/b>. The two capacities are thus kept distinct: as Governor he is bound by the aid and advice of his State Council of Ministers, but as administrator he is not.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 423,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Parliament enacts a law creating a body to function as a Legislature for the Union territory of Puducherry, and that law contains a provision which has the effect of amending the Constitution. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The law is void to the extent of the amendment, since Parliament cannot amend the Constitution by an ordinary law\",\r\n      \"The law requires ratification by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States\",\r\n      \"The law must be reserved for the consideration of the President before enactment\",\r\n      \"The law shall not be deemed to be an amendment of the Constitution for the purposes of Article 368, notwithstanding that it amends or has the effect of amending the Constitution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 239A(2)<\/b><br><b>Any such law as is referred to in clause (1) shall NOT be deemed to be an amendment of this Constitution for the purposes of Article 368, NOTWITHSTANDING THAT IT CONTAINS ANY PROVISION WHICH AMENDS OR HAS THE EFFECT OF AMENDING THIS CONSTITUTION.<\/b> An identical protection is given by Article 239AA(7)(b) to laws made by Parliament to give effect to or supplement the provisions relating to the National Capital Territory.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 424,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A law made by the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi is repugnant to a law made by Parliament with respect to the same matter. The law made by the Legislative Assembly had been reserved for the consideration of the President and had received his assent. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The law made by the Legislative Assembly prevails in the National Capital Territory, but Parliament may at any time enact a law adding to, amending, varying or repealing it\",\r\n      \"The law made by Parliament prevails in every case, the reservation being immaterial\",\r\n      \"The law made by the Legislative Assembly prevails and Parliament is thereafter precluded from legislating on that matter\",\r\n      \"The repugnancy must be resolved by the Lieutenant Governor by reference to the President\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 239AA(3)(c) and its Provisos<\/b><br>The general rule is that the law made by Parliament prevails and the law made by the Legislative Assembly is void to the extent of the repugnancy. However, the first proviso saves a law which has been <b>reserved for the consideration of the President and has received his assent \u2014 such law shall prevail in the National Capital Territory<\/b>. The second proviso then makes clear that <b>nothing in the sub-clause shall prevent Parliament from enacting at any time any law with respect to the same matter, including a law adding to, amending, varying or repealing the law so made by the Legislative Assembly<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 425,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi passes a law with respect to a matter falling under Entry 64 of the State List, in so far as that Entry relates to Entry 2 of that List. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The law is valid, since Entry 64 is not among the excepted Entries\",\r\n      \"The law is beyond the competence of the Legislative Assembly, since Entries 64, 65 and 66 are excepted in so far as they relate to Entries 1, 2 and 18\",\r\n      \"The law is valid if it has been reserved for the assent of the President\",\r\n      \"The law is valid, since the Assembly may legislate on all Entries in the State List applicable to Union territories\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 239AA(3)(a)<\/b><br>The Legislative Assembly has power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in the State List or the Concurrent List in so far as applicable to Union territories, <b>EXCEPT matters with respect to ENTRIES 1, 2 AND 18 of the State List AND ENTRIES 64, 65 AND 66 of that List IN SO FAR AS THEY RELATE TO THE SAID ENTRIES 1, 2 AND 18<\/b>. Entries 64 to 66 are thus excepted only to the extent of that relation \u2014 which is precisely the case here.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 426,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A difference of opinion arises between the Lieutenant Governor of the National Capital Territory and his Ministers on a matter which, in the Lieutenant Governor's opinion, is so urgent that immediate action is necessary. Which one of the following correctly states his position?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"He must act in accordance with the advice of his Ministers until the President decides the matter\",\r\n      \"He must refer the matter to the President and take no action until the President's decision is given\",\r\n      \"He must refer the matter to the President, but pending that decision he is competent to take such action or give such direction as he deems necessary\",\r\n      \"He must refer the matter to the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Proviso to Article 239AA(4)<\/b><br>In the case of a difference of opinion between the Lieutenant Governor and his Ministers on any matter, <b>the Lieutenant Governor shall refer it to the President for decision and act according to the decision given thereon by the President; AND PENDING SUCH DECISION IT SHALL BE COMPETENT FOR THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR IN ANY CASE WHERE THE MATTER, IN HIS OPINION, IS SO URGENT that it is necessary for him to take immediate action, TO TAKE SUCH ACTION OR TO GIVE SUCH DIRECTION IN THE MATTER AS HE DEEMS NECESSARY<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 427,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Council of Ministers for the National Capital Territory of Delhi:\\n1. Its strength shall not exceed ten per cent of the total number of members in the Legislative Assembly.\\n2. The Chief Minister is appointed by the Lieutenant Governor and the other Ministers by the Lieutenant Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister.\\n3. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 239AA(4), (5) and (6)<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 3 are correct \u2014 the Council of Ministers shall consist of <b>not more than ten per cent of the total number of members in the Legislative Assembly<\/b> \u2705, and it is <b>collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly<\/b> \u2705. Statement 2 is incorrect: <b>the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the PRESIDENT, and other Ministers shall be appointed by the PRESIDENT on the advice of the Chief Minister, and the Ministers shall hold office during the pleasure of the PRESIDENT<\/b> \u2014 not the Lieutenant Governor.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 428,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Legislature of the Union territory of Puducherry stands dissolved. The administrator considers that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take immediate action. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"He may promulgate an Ordinance after obtaining instructions from the President\",\r\n      \"He may promulgate an Ordinance without obtaining any instructions, the Legislature being dissolved\",\r\n      \"He may promulgate an Ordinance only with the concurrence of the Council of Ministers\",\r\n      \"He shall not promulgate any Ordinance during the period of such dissolution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Second Proviso to Article 239B(1)<\/b><br>The ordinary rule is that the administrator may promulgate Ordinances when the Legislature is not in session, but only <b>after obtaining instructions from the President<\/b>. However, the second proviso is absolute: <b>'whenever the said Legislature is DISSOLVED, or its functioning remains SUSPENDED on account of any action taken under any such law as is referred to in clause (1) of Article 239A, the administrator SHALL NOT PROMULGATE ANY ORDINANCE during the period of such dissolution or suspension'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 429,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"An Ordinance promulgated by the administrator of a Union territory in pursuance of instructions from the President is laid before the Legislature of the Union territory, which reassembles on the 1st of a month. In the absence of any earlier action, the Ordinance will cease to operate on the expiration of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"six weeks from the reassembly of the Legislature\",\r\n      \"four weeks from the reassembly of the Legislature\",\r\n      \"two months from the reassembly of the Legislature\",\r\n      \"six months from the date of promulgation\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 239B(2)(a)<\/b><br>Every such Ordinance <b>shall be laid before the Legislature of the Union territory and shall CEASE TO OPERATE AT THE EXPIRATION OF SIX WEEKS FROM THE REASSEMBLY OF THE LEGISLATURE<\/b>, or, if before the expiration of that period a resolution disapproving it is passed by the Legislature, upon the passing of the resolution. It may also be withdrawn at any time by the administrator after obtaining the President's instructions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 430,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding a Proclamation issued under Article 356 is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The President may assume to himself all or any of the functions of the Government of the State\",\r\n      \"The President may assume to himself the powers vested in or exercisable by the High Court of the State\",\r\n      \"The President may declare that the powers of the Legislature of the State shall be exercisable by or under the authority of Parliament\",\r\n      \"The President may make such incidental and consequential provisions as appear to him to be necessary or desirable\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Proviso to Article 356(1)<\/b><br>Clauses (a), (b) and (c) of Article 356(1) permit the President to assume the functions of the Government of the State, to declare the powers of the State Legislature exercisable by or under the authority of Parliament, and to make incidental and consequential provisions. The proviso, however, is express: <b>'nothing in this clause shall authorise the President to assume to himself any of the powers vested in or exercisable by a HIGH COURT, or to suspend in whole or in part the operation of any provision of this Constitution relating to High Courts'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 431,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Proclamation under Article 356 is issued and is duly approved by resolutions of both Houses within the prescribed period. Resolutions approving its continuance are thereafter passed from time to time. The outer limit beyond which such a Proclamation cannot in any case remain in force is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"six months from the date of issue\",\r\n      \"one year from the date of issue\",\r\n      \"three years from the date of issue\",\r\n      \"there is no outer limit so long as both Houses continue to approve\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 356(4)<\/b><br>An approved Proclamation ceases to operate on the expiration of six months from the date of issue, but on each fresh approving resolution of both Houses it continues for a further period of six months \u2014 <b>'BUT NO SUCH PROCLAMATION SHALL IN ANY CASE REMAIN IN FORCE FOR MORE THAN THREE YEARS'<\/b>. A special proviso construes 'three years' as five years only in the case of the Proclamation issued on the 11th day of May, 1987 with respect to the State of Punjab.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 432,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A resolution is proposed for the continuance in force of a Proclamation under Article 356 for a period beyond one year from the date of its issue. No Proclamation of Emergency is in operation, though the Election Commission has certified that continuance is necessary on account of difficulties in holding general elections to the Legislative Assembly. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The resolution may be passed, since the Election Commission's certificate has been obtained\",\r\n      \"The resolution may be passed by the Council of States alone\",\r\n      \"The resolution may be passed, but only for a further period of six months\",\r\n      \"The resolution may not be passed, since both a Proclamation of Emergency in operation and the Election Commission's certificate are required\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 356(5) \u2013 Cumulative Conditions<\/b><br>A resolution for continuance beyond one year <b>shall not be passed by either House unless (a) a PROCLAMATION OF EMERGENCY IS IN OPERATION in the whole of India or in the whole or any part of the State at the time of the passing of such resolution, AND (b) the ELECTION COMMISSION CERTIFIES that the continuance is necessary on account of difficulties in holding general elections to the Legislative Assembly of the State concerned<\/b>. Both conditions must be satisfied; the certificate alone does not suffice.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 433,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Proclamation under Article 356 is in operation and it has been declared that the powers of the Legislature of the State shall be exercisable by or under the authority of Parliament. The House of the People is not in session, and expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of the State has become necessary. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The expenditure may be authorised by the President pending the sanction of such expenditure by Parliament\",\r\n      \"The expenditure may be authorised by the Governor of the State pending the sanction of Parliament\",\r\n      \"The expenditure must await the reassembly of the House of the People\",\r\n      \"The expenditure may be met only from an advance out of the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 357(1)(c)<\/b><br>Where such a declaration has been made, it is competent <b>'for the PRESIDENT to authorise, WHEN THE HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE IS NOT IN SESSION, expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of the State PENDING THE SANCTION OF SUCH EXPENDITURE BY PARLIAMENT'<\/b>. This is the constitutional foundation for the practice under which the Ministry of Home Affairs sends the Budget proposals of a State under President's Rule and the documents are laid before both Houses of Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 434,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following is not a consequence which may follow from a Proclamation of financial emergency under Article 360?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Directions to any State to observe such canons of financial propriety as may be specified\",\r\n      \"Assumption by the President of all the functions of the Government of a State\",\r\n      \"Directions requiring the reduction of salaries and allowances of persons serving in connection with the affairs of a State\",\r\n      \"Directions requiring all Money Bills passed by the Legislature of a State to be reserved for the consideration of the President\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 360(3) and (4) contrasted with Article 356(1)(a)<\/b><br>During a financial emergency the executive authority of the Union extends to <b>directions to observe canons of financial propriety<\/b>; and such directions may include <b>reduction of salaries and allowances of persons serving in connection with the affairs of a State<\/b>, and a requirement that <b>all Money Bills or other Bills to which Article 207 applies be reserved for the consideration of the President after they are passed by the Legislature of the State<\/b>. <b>Assumption by the President of the functions of the Government of a State is a consequence of a Proclamation under ARTICLE 356, not Article 360.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 435,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"During the operation of a Proclamation of financial emergency, the power of the President to issue directions for the reduction of salaries and allowances of persons serving in connection with the affairs of the Union extends to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"all such persons, but not to the Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts\",\r\n      \"only officers of the All India Services\",\r\n      \"all such persons, including the Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts\",\r\n      \"only persons whose salaries are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 360(4)(b)<\/b><br><b>It shall be competent for the President, during the period any Proclamation issued under this article is in operation, to issue directions for the reduction of salaries and allowances of all or any class of persons serving in connection with the affairs of the Union INCLUDING THE JUDGES OF THE SUPREME COURT AND THE HIGH COURTS.<\/b> This is a striking exception to the ordinary protection of judicial salaries, and applies notwithstanding anything in the Constitution.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 436,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Proclamations under Article 356 and Article 360:\\n1. Both must be laid before each House of Parliament.\\n2. Both cease to operate at the expiration of two months unless approved by resolutions of both Houses.\\n3. Both are subject to an outer limit of three years beyond which they cannot remain in force.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 356 and 360 Compared<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 2 are correct \u2014 both Proclamations must be <b>laid before each House<\/b> and both <b>cease to operate at the expiration of two months unless approved by resolutions of both Houses<\/b> \u2705\u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect: the three-year outer limit in Article 356(4) has no counterpart in Article 360, which prescribes no maximum duration for a financial emergency once approved.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 437,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Proclamation under Article 356 is issued at a time when the House of the People stands dissolved. A resolution approving it is passed by the Council of States within two months, but the House of the People has not been reconstituted. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Proclamation ceases to operate at the expiration of two months, the approval of both Houses being mandatory within that period\",\r\n      \"The Proclamation continues in force until the House of the People is reconstituted, without any time limit\",\r\n      \"The Proclamation stands automatically approved on the passing of the resolution by the Council of States\",\r\n      \"The Proclamation ceases to operate at the expiration of thirty days from the date on which the House of the People first sits after its reconstitution, unless approved by it within that period\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Proviso to Article 356(3)<\/b><br>Where such a Proclamation is issued at a time when the House of the People is dissolved, or the dissolution takes place during the two-month period, and a resolution approving it has been passed by the Council of States but not by the House of the People, <b>the Proclamation shall cease to operate at the expiration of THIRTY DAYS from the date on which the House of the People first sits after its reconstitution, UNLESS before the expiration of that period a resolution approving the Proclamation has been also passed by the House of the People<\/b>. An identical proviso appears in Article 360(2).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 438,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Period within which the Council of States must return a Money Bill\\nB. Period after the reassembly of the Legislature on the expiry of which an Ordinance of the administrator of a Union territory ceases to operate\\nC. Period at the expiration of which an unapproved Proclamation under Article 356 ceases to operate\\nD. Outer limit beyond which a Proclamation under Article 356 cannot in any case remain in force\\nList-II\\n1. Two months\\n2. Three years\\n3. Fourteen days\\n4. Six weeks\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Constitutional Time Limits Distinguished<\/b><br>The Council of States must return a Money Bill within <b>fourteen days<\/b> of receipt (Article 109(2)); an Ordinance promulgated by the administrator of a Union territory ceases to operate on the expiry of <b>six weeks<\/b> from the reassembly of the Legislature (Article 239B(2)(a)); an unapproved Proclamation under Article 356 ceases at the expiration of <b>two months<\/b> (Article 356(3)); and no such Proclamation may in any case remain in force for more than <b>three years<\/b> (Article 356(4)). Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 439,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Certifies the net proceeds of a tax or duty, his certificate being final\\nB. Decides finally whether a Bill is a Money Bill\\nC. Prescribes, after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission, the percentage of net proceeds to be assigned to the States\\nD. Certifies that the continuance of a Proclamation under Article 356 beyond one year is necessary on account of difficulties in holding general elections\\nList-II\\n1. The President\\n2. The Election Commission\\n3. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India\\n4. The Speaker of the House of the People\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Who Certifies or Decides What<\/b><br>The <b>C&amp;AG<\/b> ascertains and certifies net proceeds under Article 279(1), his certificate being final; the <b>Speaker of the House of the People<\/b> decides finally whether a Bill is a Money Bill under Article 110(3); the <b>President<\/b> prescribes the percentage of net proceeds after considering the Finance Commission's recommendations under Article 270(3); and the <b>Election Commission<\/b> gives the certificate required by Article 356(5)(b). Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 440,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following correctly states the position where a Bill involving expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of a State is before a House of the Legislature of that State?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It may be introduced without any recommendation, but cannot be passed by that House unless the Governor has recommended to that House the consideration of the Bill\",\r\n      \"It cannot be introduced without the Governor's recommendation, but may be passed without any further recommendation\",\r\n      \"It requires the recommendation of the President both for introduction and for consideration\",\r\n      \"It must be reserved for the consideration of the President after it is passed\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 207(3)<\/b><br>Article 207(1) restricts <b>introduction<\/b> only in the case of a Bill making provision for the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of Article 199(1). A Bill which merely <b>involves expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of a State<\/b> falls under clause (3): it <b>'shall not be PASSED by a House of the Legislature of the State unless the Governor has recommended to that House the CONSIDERATION of the Bill'<\/b>. Reservation for the President's consideration is required only in the special situation contemplated by Article 360(4)(a)(ii) during a financial emergency.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 441,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements:\\n1. A vote on account is made pending the completion of the procedure prescribed in Article 113 for the voting of the grant and the passing of the law under Article 114.\\n2. An advance from the Contingency Fund of India is made pending the authorisation of the expenditure by Parliament by law under Article 115 or Article 116.\\n3. Both devices dispense with the need for any subsequent parliamentary authorisation.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 116(1)(a) and 267(1) Compared<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 2 correctly state the two provisions \u2705\u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect and inverts the logic of both: each device is expressly <b>interim<\/b> \u2014 the vote on account is 'PENDING the completion of the procedure prescribed in Article 113 ... and the passing of the law in accordance with Article 114', and an advance from the Contingency Fund is 'PENDING AUTHORISATION of such expenditure by Parliament by law under Article 115 or Article 116'. Subsequent parliamentary authorisation is therefore essential in both cases.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 442,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the Annual Financial Statement is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It must be caused to be laid by the President before both Houses of Parliament in respect of every financial year\",\r\n      \"The sums required to meet charged expenditure are shown in it but the Appropriation Bill may provide for a larger amount if circumstances so require\",\r\n      \"The estimates of expenditure embodied in it must show separately the sums required to meet charged expenditure and the sums required to meet other expenditure\",\r\n      \"It must distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 112(1), 112(2) and 114(1)(b)<\/b><br>The first three statements correctly reflect Article 112. Option (d) reverses Article 114(1)(b), under which the Appropriation Bill provides for the charged expenditure <b>'BUT NOT EXCEEDING IN ANY CASE THE AMOUNT SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT PREVIOUSLY LAID BEFORE PARLIAMENT'<\/b>. The amount shown in the Annual Financial Statement is thus a ceiling, not a mere indication.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 443,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following pairs of an Article and the subject with which it deals is not correctly matched?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 114 \u2013 Appropriation Bills\",\r\n      \"Article 115 \u2013 Supplementary, additional or excess grants\",\r\n      \"Article 116 \u2013 Special provisions as to financial Bills\",\r\n      \"Article 117 \u2013 Special provisions as to financial Bills\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 116 and 117 Distinguished<\/b><br><b>Article 116 deals with 'Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants'<\/b>; it is <b>Article 117<\/b> that is titled 'Special provisions as to financial Bills' \u2014 its State counterpart being Article 207. The other three pairings are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 444,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the certificate of the Speaker on a Money Bill:\\n1. It is endorsed when the Bill is transmitted to the Council of States.\\n2. It is endorsed when the Bill is presented to the President for assent.\\n3. It is endorsed at the time of introduction of the Bill in the House of the People.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 110(4)<\/b><br>The certificate of the Speaker, signed by him, that the Bill is a Money Bill is endorsed on every Money Bill <b>'WHEN IT IS TRANSMITTED TO THE COUNCIL OF STATES UNDER ARTICLE 109, AND WHEN IT IS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT FOR ASSENT UNDER ARTICLE 111'<\/b> \u2014 that is, at two stages only. There is no requirement of endorsement at the time of introduction; the Speaker's power at that stage is the power to decide finally, under clause (3), whether the Bill is a Money Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 445,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements correctly describes the difference between Article 265 and Article 266(3)?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 265 governs expenditure and Article 266(3) governs taxation\",\r\n      \"Article 265 applies to the Union alone, while Article 266(3) applies to the States alone\",\r\n      \"Both deal with the appropriation of moneys, Article 265 being confined to the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"Article 265 requires authority of law for the levy or collection of a tax, while Article 266(3) requires appropriation from the Consolidated Fund to be in accordance with law and for the purposes and in the manner provided in the Constitution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Two Halves of Financial Control<\/b><br><b>Article 265 governs the INFLOW \u2014 'no tax shall be levied or collected except by authority of law'.<\/b> <b>Article 266(3) governs the OUTFLOW \u2014 'no moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India or the Consolidated Fund of a State shall be appropriated except in accordance with law and for the purposes and in the manner provided in this Constitution'.<\/b> Both apply to the Union and to the States alike.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 446,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the assignment of tax proceeds to the States:\\n1. Under Article 268, the proceeds of a duty leviable within a State do not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n2. Under Article 269, the net proceeds of the tax, save those attributable to Union territories, do not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n3. Under Article 271, the whole proceeds of a surcharge form part of the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 268, 269 and 271<\/b><br>All three statements are correct and together display the scheme: proceeds under <b>Article 268 are assigned to the State and stay out of the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b>; net proceeds under <b>Article 269 likewise stay out, except in so far as they are attributable to Union territories<\/b>; while under <b>Article 271 the whole proceeds of a surcharge levied for purposes of the Union form part of the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b> and are not shared.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 447,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"The Finance Commission makes a recommendation to the President. Which one of the following correctly states what must follow?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The President shall cause the recommendation, together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon, to be laid before each House of Parliament\",\r\n      \"The recommendation is binding on the Union and must be given effect to in the ensuing Budget\",\r\n      \"The recommendation must be approved by resolutions of both Houses before it can be acted upon\",\r\n      \"The recommendation must be referred to the Comptroller and Auditor-General for verification\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 281<\/b><br><b>'The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution TOGETHER WITH AN EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM AS TO THE ACTION TAKEN THEREON to be laid before each House of Parliament.'<\/b> The Constitution thus secures transparency and parliamentary scrutiny of the Government's response, but does not make the recommendations legally binding, nor does it require an approving resolution.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 448,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the powers and procedure of the Finance Commission is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The procedure of the Commission is laid down by the President in the order constituting it\",\r\n      \"The Commission determines its own procedure, and has such powers in the performance of its functions as Parliament may by law confer on it\",\r\n      \"The Commission has the powers of a civil court by force of Article 280 itself\",\r\n      \"The procedure and powers of the Commission are determined by the Comptroller and Auditor-General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 280(4)<\/b><br><b>'The Commission shall DETERMINE THEIR PROCEDURE and shall have such POWERS in the performance of their functions AS PARLIAMENT MAY BY LAW CONFER ON THEM.'<\/b> Procedure is thus a matter for the Commission itself, while its powers depend on parliamentary legislation \u2014 a division that mirrors clause (2), under which the qualifications of members and the manner of their selection are also for Parliament to determine by law.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 449,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Under Article 275(1), the sums provided by Parliament by law as grants-in-aid of the revenues of States in need of assistance are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"voted by the House of the People as part of the Demands for Grants\",\r\n      \"met from the Contingency Fund of India in the first instance\",\r\n      \"charged on the Consolidated Fund of India in each year\",\r\n      \"assigned out of the net proceeds of taxes referred to in Article 270\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 275(1)<\/b><br><b>'Such sums as Parliament may by law provide shall be CHARGED ON THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA IN EACH YEAR as grants-in-aid of the revenues of such States as Parliament may determine to be in need of assistance.'<\/b> Being charged, they are not submitted to the vote of Parliament \u2014 a point of contrast with ordinary grants to States, which form part of the voted Demands.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 450,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about Article 282 is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It empowers only the Union, and not a State, to make grants for a public purpose outside its legislative competence\",\r\n      \"It requires every such grant to be preceded by a recommendation of the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"It applies only to grants made during the operation of a Proclamation of financial emergency\",\r\n      \"It empowers the Union or a State to make grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which the grantor may make laws\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 282<\/b><br><b>'The UNION OR A STATE may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.'<\/b> The power is thus available to both levels of government, is not confined to any emergency, and does not depend on a recommendation of the Finance Commission \u2014 which is the route contemplated by Articles 275(2) and 280(3)(b) for a different class of grants.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 451,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A demand for a grant is placed before the House of the People without the recommendation of the President having been obtained. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The demand cannot be made, since no demand for a grant shall be made except on the recommendation of the President\",\r\n      \"The demand is in order, the President's recommendation being required only for the Appropriation Bill\",\r\n      \"The demand may be made, but the House may only refuse to assent to it\",\r\n      \"The demand may be made if the Speaker certifies that it does not relate to a new service\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 113(3)<\/b><br><b>'No demand for a grant shall be made except on the recommendation of the President.'<\/b> The requirement attaches to the making of the demand itself, and by virtue of Article 115(2) it carries over to supplementary, additional and excess demands as well. It is distinct from, and additional to, the requirements relating to the Appropriation Bill under Article 114.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 452,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding the Union territory of Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Parliament may by law create a Legislature or a Council of Ministers or both for Puducherry\",\r\n      \"The Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory was created by an order of the President under Article 239\",\r\n      \"The administrator of the National Capital Territory is designated as the Lieutenant Governor\",\r\n      \"The provisions relating to the promulgation of Ordinances by the administrator apply, so far as may be, to the National Capital Territory as they apply to Puducherry\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 239A, 239AA(1), 239AA(2) and 239AA(8)<\/b><br>The Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory is created by <b>Article 239AA(2)(a) of the Constitution itself<\/b>, inserted by the Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 \u2014 not by a presidential order under Article 239. The other statements are correct: Article 239A empowers Parliament to create a Legislature or Council of Ministers or both for Puducherry; the administrator of the National Capital Territory is designated the Lieutenant Governor; and Article 239AA(8) applies Article 239B, so far as may be, to the National Capital Territory.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 453,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the estimates of expenditure of the Government of India:\\n1. Estimates relating to charged expenditure are included in the Annual Financial Statement but excluded from the Demands for Grants placed before the House of the People for its assent.\\n2. Estimates relating to charged expenditure are excluded from the Appropriation Bill.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 112(2), 113(1) and 114(1)(b)<\/b><br>Statement 1 is correct: charged expenditure is shown separately in the Annual Financial Statement under Article 112(2)(a), and under Article 113(1) it is <b>not submitted to the vote<\/b>. Statement 2 is incorrect: the Appropriation Bill under Article 114(1) provides for the appropriation of moneys required to meet <b>both<\/b> the grants made by the House of the People <b>and<\/b> the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. Charged expenditure escapes the vote, not the appropriation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 454,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following correctly states the effect of Article 293(4)?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The consent of the Government of India, once granted, cannot be made subject to conditions\",\r\n      \"The consent of Parliament by law is required in addition to that of the Government of India\",\r\n      \"The consent of the Government of India to a State's borrowing may be granted subject to such conditions as the Government of India may think fit to impose\",\r\n      \"The consent of the Government of India is required only where the fresh loan exceeds the limits fixed under Article 292\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 293(4)<\/b><br><b>'A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.'<\/b> This is the constitutional source of the conditionalities attached when the Union permits an indebted State to raise fresh borrowings. The limits fixed under Article 292 relate to the Union's own borrowing and to the giving of guarantees by it, not to the trigger for consent under Article 293(3).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 455,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements:\\n1. The Contingency Fund of India is placed at the disposal of the President, and that of a State at the disposal of the Governor.\\n2. Advances from the Contingency Fund of a State are made pending authorisation of the expenditure by the Legislature of the State under Article 115 or Article 116.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 267(1) and (2)<\/b><br>Statement 1 is correct \u2705. Statement 2 misstates the authorising provisions: advances from the Contingency Fund of a State are made pending authorisation of such expenditure by the Legislature of the State by law <b>under ARTICLE 205 OR ARTICLE 206<\/b> \u2014 the State counterparts. Articles 115 and 116 apply to the Contingency Fund of India.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 456,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the distribution of revenues is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A cess levied for specific purposes under a law made by Parliament is excluded from the pool distributed under Article 270\",\r\n      \"The proceeds of a surcharge levied under Article 271 are excluded from that pool\",\r\n      \"Duties and taxes referred to in Articles 268 and 269 are excluded from that pool\",\r\n      \"The cost of collection is added back to the proceeds before the net proceeds are ascertained\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 270(1) and 279(1)<\/b><br>The first three statements correctly identify the exclusions from the pool distributed under Article 270(1). Option (d) inverts Article 279(1), under which <b>'net proceeds' means, in relation to any tax or duty, the proceeds thereof REDUCED BY \u2014 not increased by \u2014 THE COST OF COLLECTION<\/b>, as ascertained and certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General, whose certificate is final.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 457,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following correctly states the position regarding the moneys received by an officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union in his capacity as such, which are neither revenues nor public moneys raised or received by the Government of India?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"They are paid into the public account of India\",\r\n      \"They form part of the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"They are credited to the Contingency Fund of India\",\r\n      \"They may be retained by the officer pending orders of the Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 284(a)<\/b><br>All moneys received by or deposited with any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, <b>other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government<\/b>, shall be <b>paid into the PUBLIC ACCOUNT of India or the public account of the State, as the case may be<\/b>. The same treatment applies under clause (b) to moneys deposited with any court to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 458,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Article 268\\nB. Article 269\\nC. Article 270\\nD. Article 273\\nList-II\\n1. Levied and collected by the Government of India and distributed between the Union and the States\\n2. Levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States\\n3. Grants in lieu of assignment of any share of the net proceeds of export duty on jute and jute products\\n4. Levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Scheme of Distribution of Revenues<\/b><br><b>Article 268<\/b> \u2014 duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States; <b>Article 269<\/b> \u2014 taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States; <b>Article 270<\/b> \u2014 taxes levied and collected by the Government of India and distributed between the Union and the States; and <b>Article 273<\/b> \u2014 grants charged on the Consolidated Fund of India to four named States in lieu of assignment of any share of the net proceeds of export duty on jute and jute products. Hence A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 459,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding the Money Bill procedure is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Council of States may make recommendations on a Money Bill but cannot amend it\",\r\n      \"The House of the People is bound to accept at least one of the recommendations made by the Council of States\",\r\n      \"A Money Bill cannot be introduced in the Council of States\",\r\n      \"There is no provision for a joint sitting of the two Houses in respect of a Money Bill\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 109 \u2013 The Limits of the Council's Role<\/b><br>The Council of States may only <b>make recommendations<\/b>, which the House of the People <b>'may thereupon either accept or reject ALL OR ANY of'<\/b>. There is no obligation to accept any of them: Article 109(4) expressly contemplates that the House may accept none, in which event the Bill is deemed passed by both Houses in the form in which the House of the People passed it. The other three statements are correct.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 460,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following sequence of steps in the enactment of the Budget:\\n1. Introduction of the Appropriation Bill\\n2. Laying of the Annual Financial Statement before both Houses\\n3. Making of the grants by the House of the People\\n\\nThe correct chronological order is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2 \u2013 1 \u2013 3\",\r\n      \"3 \u2013 2 \u2013 1\",\r\n      \"2 \u2013 3 \u2013 1\",\r\n      \"1 \u2013 2 \u2013 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 112, 113 and 114 in Sequence<\/b><br>The President first causes the <b>Annual Financial Statement<\/b> to be laid before both Houses (Article 112); the estimates other than charged expenditure are then submitted as demands for grants and the <b>grants are made by the House of the People<\/b> (Article 113); and <b>'as soon as may be AFTER the grants under Article 113 have been made'<\/b>, the <b>Appropriation Bill<\/b> is introduced (Article 114(1)). Hence 2 \u2013 3 \u2013 1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 461,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 1 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON BUDGET\",\r\n    question: \"A Proclamation under Article 356 declares that the powers of the Legislature of the State shall be exercisable by or under the authority of Parliament. Which of the following consequences may follow?\\n1. Parliament may confer on the President the power of the Legislature of the State to make laws.\\n2. Parliament may authorise the President to delegate the power so conferred to any other authority, subject to such conditions as he may think fit to impose.\\n3. A law made in exercise of such power continues in force after the Proclamation has ceased to operate, until altered, repealed or amended by a competent Legislature or other authority.\\n\\nWhich of the above are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 357(1)(a) and (2)<\/b><br>All three are correct. Parliament may <b>confer on the President the power of the State Legislature to make laws, and authorise him to delegate that power to any other authority<\/b>; and under clause (2), <b>any law so made which Parliament or the President would not otherwise have been competent to make shall, AFTER THE PROCLAMATION HAS CEASED TO OPERATE, CONTINUE IN FORCE UNTIL ALTERED OR REPEALED OR AMENDED by a competent Legislature or other authority<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 462,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India is appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal. As to his removal, the Constitution provides that he\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"shall only be removed from office in like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of the Supreme Court\",\r\n      \"holds office during the pleasure of the President\",\r\n      \"may be removed by the President on the recommendation of the Union Public Service Commission\",\r\n      \"may be removed by an order of the President after an address by the House of the People alone\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(1)<\/b><br>There shall be a Comptroller and Auditor-General of India who <b>shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal and shall ONLY be removed from office IN LIKE MANNER AND ON THE LIKE GROUNDS AS A JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT<\/b>. The word 'only' excludes every other mode of removal, and it is this protected tenure \u2014 not any pleasure doctrine \u2014 that underpins the independence of the office.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 463,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the salary and conditions of service of the Comptroller and Auditor-General:\\n1. They are such as may be determined by Parliament by law, and until so determined are as specified in the Second Schedule.\\n2. His rights in respect of leave of absence, pension or age of retirement may be varied after his appointment, provided both Houses of Parliament so resolve.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(3) and its Proviso<\/b><br>Statement 1 correctly reflects the main clause \u2705. Statement 2 is incorrect: the proviso is unqualified \u2014 <b>'neither the salary of a Comptroller and Auditor-General nor his rights in respect of leave of absence, pension or age of retirement shall be varied to his disadvantage AFTER HIS APPOINTMENT'<\/b>. No parliamentary resolution can cure a variation to his disadvantage; the bar admits of no exception.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 464,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"A person who has ceased to hold office as the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India is offered an appointment under the Government of a State. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"He may accept it, since the bar in the Constitution operates only in respect of office under the Government of India\",\r\n      \"He may not accept it, since he is not eligible for further office either under the Government of India or under the Government of any State\",\r\n      \"He may accept it with the previous sanction of the President\",\r\n      \"He may accept it after the expiry of two years from the date on which he ceased to hold office\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(4)<\/b><br><b>'The Comptroller and Auditor-General shall NOT be eligible for further office EITHER UNDER THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA OR UNDER THE GOVERNMENT OF ANY STATE after he has ceased to hold his office.'<\/b> The disqualification is absolute in its terms, extends to both levels of government, and is not subject to any cooling-off period or presidential dispensation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 465,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"The conditions of service of persons serving in the Indian Audit and Accounts Department and the administrative powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General are prescribed by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"regulations made by the Comptroller and Auditor-General with the approval of the President\",\r\n      \"rules made by the Central Government in consultation with the Union Public Service Commission\",\r\n      \"rules made by the President after consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General\",\r\n      \"a law made by Parliament, and by no other instrument\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(5)<\/b><br>Subject to the provisions of the Constitution and of any law made by Parliament, these matters <b>'shall be such as may be prescribed by RULES MADE BY THE PRESIDENT AFTER CONSULTATION WITH THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL'<\/b>. The requirement of consultation with the C&amp;AG before the rules are made is the safeguard that protects the functional independence of his Department.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 466,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"The administrative expenses of the office of the Comptroller and Auditor-General, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of persons serving in that office,\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"are voted by the House of the People as a distinct Demand for Grant\",\r\n      \"are met from the Contingency Fund of India and recouped annually\",\r\n      \"are charged upon the public account of India\",\r\n      \"are charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(6)<\/b><br>These expenses <b>'shall be CHARGED UPON THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA'<\/b>. Being charged, they are not submitted to the vote of Parliament \u2014 the same treatment given to the salary, allowances and pension of the C&amp;AG himself under Article 112(3)(e), and for the same reason: to remove the office from the reach of the executive and the annual vote.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 467,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are secured to the Comptroller and Auditor-General by Article 148 itself?\\n1. Removal only in like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of the Supreme Court\\n2. A bar on any variation of his salary to his disadvantage after his appointment\\n3. Ineligibility for further office under the Union or any State after he ceases to hold office\\n4. The charging of the administrative expenses of his office on the Consolidated Fund of India\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Independence Safeguards in Article 148<\/b><br>All four are found within Article 148 itself \u2014 clause (1) for the mode of removal, the proviso to clause (3) for the bar on disadvantageous variation, clause (4) for the ineligibility for further office, and clause (6) for the charging of administrative expenses on the Consolidated Fund of India. Together with the oath under clause (2) and the consultation requirement under clause (5), these constitute the constitutional guarantee of the independence of the office.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 468,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Every person appointed to be the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India makes and subscribes an oath or affirmation before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, according to the form set out in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Third Schedule\",\r\n      \"Second Schedule\",\r\n      \"Fourth Schedule\",\r\n      \"Seventh Schedule\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(2)<\/b><br>The oath or affirmation is made <b>'according to the form set out for the purpose in the THIRD SCHEDULE'<\/b>. The <b>Second<\/b> Schedule is relevant to the C&amp;AG in a different respect \u2014 under Article 148(3) it governs his salary and other conditions of service <b>until<\/b> Parliament determines them by law.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 469,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Article 149 provides for the duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General to be prescribed by or under any law made by Parliament. Until such provision was made, he was to perform such duties and exercise such powers as were\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"specified by the President by order\",\r\n      \"conferred on or exercisable by the Auditor-General of India immediately before the commencement of the Constitution, in relation to the accounts of the Dominion of India and of the Provinces\",\r\n      \"recommended by the first Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"set out in the Government of India Act, 1935 as originally enacted\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 149 \u2013 The Transitional Limb<\/b><br>Until provision is made by or under a law made by Parliament, the C&amp;AG <b>'shall perform such duties and exercise such powers in relation to the accounts of the Union and of the States as were CONFERRED ON OR EXERCISABLE BY THE AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IMMEDIATELY BEFORE THE COMMENCEMENT OF THIS CONSTITUTION in relation to the accounts of the DOMINION OF INDIA AND OF THE PROVINCES respectively'<\/b>. It was in exercise of the first limb of this Article that Parliament enacted the C&amp;AG's (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 470,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Under Article 149, the duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General may be prescribed in relation to the accounts of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Union and the States only\",\r\n      \"the Union alone, the States being governed by their own legislation\",\r\n      \"the Union, the States and any other authority or body\",\r\n      \"the Union, the States and Union territories, but not any other body\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 149 \u2013 Reach of the Prescribing Power<\/b><br>The C&amp;AG shall perform such duties and exercise such powers <b>'in relation to the accounts of the Union and of the States AND OF ANY OTHER AUTHORITY OR BODY as may be prescribed by or under any law made by Parliament'<\/b>. It is this reference to 'any other authority or body' which supplies the constitutional foundation for the audit of bodies and authorities substantially financed from Government revenues under the Act of 1971.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 471,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"The accounts of the Union and of the States shall be kept in such form as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor-General may, with the approval of the President, prescribe\",\r\n      \"Parliament may by law prescribe\",\r\n      \"the Controller General of Accounts may prescribe\",\r\n      \"the President may, on the advice of the Comptroller and Auditor-General, prescribe\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 150<\/b><br><b>'The accounts of the Union and of the States shall be kept in such form as the PRESIDENT MAY, ON THE ADVICE OF THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, PRESCRIBE.'<\/b> Note the allocation of roles: the prescribing authority is the President; the C&amp;AG's function is advisory. It is on this footing that the List of Major and Minor Heads of Account is issued by the Controller General of Accounts.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 472,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Prescribes the form in which the accounts of the Union and of the States shall be kept\\nB. Advises on the form in which those accounts shall be kept\\nC. Prescribes the duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General\\nD. Makes the rules governing the conditions of service of persons serving in the Indian Audit and Accounts Department\\nList-II\\n1. Parliament, by or under a law made by it\\n2. The President, after consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General\\n3. The President, on the advice of the Comptroller and Auditor-General\\n4. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 148(5), 149 and 150 Compared<\/b><br>Under <b>Article 150<\/b> the <b>President prescribes<\/b> the form of accounts <b>on the advice of the C&amp;AG<\/b> \u2014 so the prescribing authority and the advising authority are distinct. Under <b>Article 149<\/b> the duties and powers of the C&amp;AG are prescribed <b>by or under any law made by Parliament<\/b>. Under <b>Article 148(5)<\/b> the conditions of service of IA&amp;AD personnel are prescribed by <b>rules made by the President after consultation with the C&amp;AG<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 473,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor-General:\\n1. Reports relating to the accounts of the Union are submitted to the President, who causes them to be laid before each House of Parliament.\\n2. Reports relating to the accounts of a State are submitted to the Comptroller and Auditor-General's own office for transmission to the State Legislature.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 151(1) and (2)<\/b><br>Statement 1 is correct \u2705. Statement 2 is incorrect: reports relating to the accounts of a State <b>'shall be submitted to the GOVERNOR OF THE STATE, who shall cause them to be laid before the Legislature of the State'<\/b>. In both cases the report travels to the Legislature through the constitutional head \u2014 the President for the Union and the Governor for the State \u2014 and never directly.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 474,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following functions is not assigned to the Comptroller and Auditor-General by the constitutional provisions grouped in this Annexure?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Prescribing the conditions of service of persons serving in the Indian Audit and Accounts Department\",\r\n      \"Ascertaining and certifying the net proceeds of a tax or duty\",\r\n      \"Advising the President on the form in which the accounts of the Union and of the States shall be kept\",\r\n      \"Submitting reports relating to the accounts of the Union to the President\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(5) \u2013 The C&amp;AG Is Consulted, Not the Prescribing Authority<\/b><br>Certifying net proceeds is his function under <b>Article 279(1)<\/b>; advising on the form of accounts is his function under <b>Article 150<\/b>; and submitting reports on Union accounts to the President is his function under <b>Article 151(1)<\/b>. However, the conditions of service of IA&amp;AD personnel are <b>prescribed by RULES MADE BY THE PRESIDENT \u2014 the C&amp;AG is only CONSULTED<\/b> before they are made.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 475,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements:\\n1. The salary, allowances and pension payable to or in respect of the Comptroller and Auditor-General are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n2. The administrative expenses of his office, including the salaries of persons serving in it, are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\\n3. Both charges arise under Article 148.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Articles 112(3)(e) and 148(6) Distinguished<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 2 are both correct as to substance \u2705\u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect as to source: the charge on the <b>salary, allowances and pension of the C&amp;AG himself arises under ARTICLE 112(3)(e)<\/b>, whereas the charge on the <b>administrative expenses of his office arises under ARTICLE 148(6)<\/b>. The two charges rest on different provisions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 476,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Parliament has made a law prescribing the duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General. The effect of such a law on the transitional limb of Article 149 is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the transitional limb continues to operate concurrently with the law\",\r\n      \"the transitional limb, which applied only 'until provision in that behalf is so made', ceases to govern the matter\",\r\n      \"the transitional limb can be revived by an order of the President\",\r\n      \"the transitional limb continues to govern the accounts of the States, the law applying only to the Union\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 149 \u2013 Effect of Parliamentary Legislation<\/b><br>The Article confers the duties and powers as prescribed by or under a law made by Parliament, <b>'and, UNTIL PROVISION IN THAT BEHALF IS SO MADE'<\/b>, those exercisable by the Auditor-General of India immediately before the commencement of the Constitution. The transitional limb is therefore expressly displaced once Parliament legislates \u2014 which it did by the C&amp;AG's (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 477,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the constitutional position of the Comptroller and Auditor-General is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"He is appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal\",\r\n      \"He makes and subscribes an oath before the President or a person appointed in that behalf by him\",\r\n      \"His salary and other conditions of service are determined by the President by order until Parliament makes a law\",\r\n      \"He is not eligible for further office under the Government of India after he ceases to hold office\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 148(3) \u2013 The Second Schedule, Not a Presidential Order<\/b><br>The salary and other conditions of service of the C&amp;AG <b>'shall be such as may be determined by PARLIAMENT BY LAW and, UNTIL THEY ARE SO DETERMINED, SHALL BE AS SPECIFIED IN THE SECOND SCHEDULE'<\/b> \u2014 the interim position is governed by the Second Schedule itself, not by any order of the President. The other three statements correctly reflect clauses (1), (2) and (4).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 478,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"For the purposes of ascertaining the amount to be distributed between the Union and the States, the net proceeds of a tax or duty in or attributable to any area are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"computed by the Department of Revenue and approved by the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"ascertained by the Controller General of Accounts and audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General\",\r\n      \"determined by the President by order after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"ascertained and certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, whose certificate is final\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Article 279(1)<\/b><br>'Net proceeds' means the proceeds of a tax or duty <b>reduced by the cost of collection<\/b>, and the net proceeds in or attributable to any area <b>'shall be ASCERTAINED AND CERTIFIED BY THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, WHOSE CERTIFICATE SHALL BE FINAL'<\/b>. The President's power to prescribe by order after considering the Finance Commission's recommendations relates to the <b>percentage<\/b> of the net proceeds to be assigned, not to their computation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 479,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 2 \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE C&AG\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following correctly states a similarity and a difference between the constitutional position of the Comptroller and Auditor-General and that of a Judge of the Supreme Court?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Both are removed in the same manner and on the same grounds, but only the Comptroller and Auditor-General is barred from further office under the Government of India or of a State\",\r\n      \"Both are barred from further office, but only a Judge of the Supreme Court is removable on an address by both Houses\",\r\n      \"Both are appointed by warrant under the hand and seal of the President, but the salary of a Judge alone is protected from variation to his disadvantage\",\r\n      \"Both take an oath in the form set out in the Second Schedule, but only the Comptroller and Auditor-General's expenses are charged on the Consolidated Fund\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Comparing Article 148 with the Position of a Supreme Court Judge<\/b><br>The <b>mode and grounds of removal are common<\/b> \u2014 the C&amp;AG 'shall only be removed from office in like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of the Supreme Court'. The <b>bar on further office in Article 148(4) is, however, peculiar to the C&amp;AG<\/b>. Protection of salary against disadvantageous variation after appointment and the oath in the Third Schedule are features shared by both, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund covers the salaries of Supreme Court Judges as well under Article 112(3)(d).\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 480,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The consolidated guidelines on capital restructuring of Central Public Sector Enterprises were issued against the background of an announcement made in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Budget 2014-15\",\r\n      \"the Budget 2016-17\",\r\n      \"the Budget 2017-18\",\r\n      \"the Economic Survey 2015-16\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Background to the Guidelines<\/b><br>The Department of Public Enterprises, the Department of Expenditure and the Department of Economic Affairs had issued guidelines from time to time on the issue of bonus shares, buyback of shares, splitting of shares and dividend. <b>As announced in the BUDGET 2016-17, the Government adopted a comprehensive approach for efficient management of its investment in CPSEs by addressing inter-related issues such as capital restructuring, dividend and bonus shares<\/b>, and accordingly the earlier guidelines were superseded by a single consolidated set.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 481,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The guidelines contemplate that the interests of the Government of India as a majority shareholder investor in a Central Public Sector Enterprise are to be duly represented through\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Financial Adviser of the administrative Ministry\",\r\n      \"the Secretary, Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\",\r\n      \"the nominee 'official director' on the Board of the company\",\r\n      \"the statutory auditor appointed by the Comptroller and Auditor-General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Role of the Nominee Director<\/b><br>It is <b>'imperative that Government of India's interests as a majority shareholder investor in a CPSE are duly represented through the NOMINEE 'OFFICIAL DIRECTOR' ON THE BOARD of the company'<\/b>, whose responsibility is to ensure efficient allocation of the Government's investment in CPSEs for growth and economic development. The guidelines add that an appropriate view should be taken by the Department\/Administrative Ministry in such financial matters <b>before the board meetings<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 482,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"For the purposes of these guidelines, a 'body corporate' includes a body incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 or the Companies Act, 2013, or under any other Act as may be applicable, but excludes\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a company set up under section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013\",\r\n      \"a body corporate which has accumulated losses\",\r\n      \"a subsidiary of a Central Public Sector Enterprise\",\r\n      \"a Limited Liability Partnership\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 4.1.1 \u2013 Meaning of 'Body Corporate'<\/b><br>A body corporate <b>'shall include body incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 or the Companies Act, 2013, or under any other Act as may be applicable EXCEPT LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP'<\/b>. Section 8 companies and bodies with accumulated losses are dealt with separately in paragraph 4.2 \u2014 they remain within the definition, but the guidelines on dividend, bonus shares and buyback do not apply to them.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 483,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following, under the guidelines, would amount to 'controlling interest' in a body corporate?\\n1. Control over the composition of the Board of Directors\\n2. Exercise or control over more than one-half of the total share capital\\n3. Ability to exercise more than fifty per cent of the voting rights in the meeting of the members, Board of Directors or any other similar executive structure\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 4.1.2 \u2013 Controlling Interest<\/b><br>Controlling interest means <b>control over the composition of the Board of Directors; OR exercise or control over more than one-half of the total share capital; OR ability to exercise more than 50 per cent voting rights in the meeting of the members, Board of Directors or any other similar executive structure, e.g. Governing Body, Executive Committee<\/b>. Any one of the three suffices \u2014 they are alternative, not cumulative, tests.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 484,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A body corporate in which the composition of the Board of Directors is controlled jointly by a Central Public Sector Enterprise and its subsidiary, the Government of India holding no shares directly, is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"deemed to be a body controlled by the Government of India\",\r\n      \"outside the scope of the guidelines, since the Government of India holds no shares in it\",\r\n      \"within the scope of the guidelines only if it is listed on a recognised stock exchange\",\r\n      \"within the scope of the guidelines only with the specific approval of DIPAM\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 4.1.3 \u2013 The Deeming Provision<\/b><br><b>'A body corporate in which Government of India AND\/OR CPSEs INCLUDING THEIR SUBSIDIARIES controls the composition of the Board of Directors, or exercises or controls more than one-half of the total share capital, SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE A BODY CONTROLLED BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.'<\/b> Direct shareholding by the Government of India is therefore not necessary; control exercised through CPSEs and their subsidiaries suffices.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 485,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The guidelines for payment of dividend, issue of bonus shares and buyback of shares do not apply to a body corporate which\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"is unlisted\",\r\n      \"is prohibited from distribution of profits to its members, or which has accumulated losses\",\r\n      \"has a paid-up share capital of less than rupees 100 crore\",\r\n      \"is a subsidiary of another Central Public Sector Enterprise\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 4.2 \u2013 Exclusions<\/b><br>These guidelines <b>'shall not apply to the body corporate which is PROHIBITED FROM DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS TO ITS MEMBERS, e.g. companies set up under section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013 or under extant provisions of any other Act, OR WHICH HAS ACCUMULATED LOSSES'<\/b>. The exclusion turns on the legal incapacity or financial inability to distribute, not on listing status, size or corporate parentage.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 486,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the commencement of the guidelines:\\n1. The guidelines for payment of dividend are applicable from the financial year ending on or after 31st March, 2016.\\n2. The guidelines for issue of bonus shares, buyback and splitting of shares are applicable from the financial year starting 1st April, 2016 or thereafter.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 4.3 \u2013 Two Different Commencement Points<\/b><br>Both statements are correct, and the difference between them is deliberate: the <b>dividend<\/b> guidelines bite from the <b>financial year ENDING on or after 31st March, 2016<\/b> \u2014 that is, they reach back to the year then closing \u2014 whereas the guidelines on <b>bonus shares, buyback and splitting<\/b> apply only from the <b>financial year STARTING 1st April, 2016 or thereafter<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 487,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Compliance with the guidelines is to be ensured by a Central Public Sector Enterprise by taking up the matter as an agenda item, along with a compliance note, in the Board meeting convened for\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the approval of its annual capital expenditure budget\",\r\n      \"the first meeting after the closure of the financial year, no shareholder approval being necessary\",\r\n      \"the finalization and approval of its annual accounts, requisite approval of shareholders being obtained in the annual or extraordinary general meeting held immediately thereafter\",\r\n      \"the declaration of interim dividend, with the prior concurrence of DIPAM\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 4.4 \u2013 Mechanism of Compliance<\/b><br>CPSEs <b>'shall ensure compliance of these guidelines by taking up this matter as an AGENDA ITEM ALONG WITH A COMPLIANCE NOTE in the Board meeting of the company convened for FINALIZATION AND APPROVAL OF ITS ANNUAL ACCOUNTS. Requisite approval of shareholders\/members shall be obtained in the AGM\/EGM to be held IMMEDIATELY THEREAFTER.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 488,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Public Sector Enterprise records a profit after tax of rupees 200 crore in a year, and its net-worth is rupees 5,000 crore. Applying the norm laid down in the guidelines, the minimum annual dividend it would be required to pay is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 60 crore, being 30 per cent of profit after tax\",\r\n      \"rupees 310 crore, being the aggregate of both\",\r\n      \"rupees 60 crore, being the lower of the two\",\r\n      \"rupees 250 crore, being 5 per cent of net-worth\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 5.2 \u2013 Whichever Is Higher<\/b><br><b>'Every CPSE would pay a MINIMUM ANNUAL DIVIDEND OF 30% OF PAT OR 5% OF THE NET-WORTH, WHICHEVER IS HIGHER, subject to the maximum dividend permitted under the extant legal provisions.'<\/b> Here 30% of PAT is \u20b960 crore and 5% of net-worth is \u20b9250 crore; the higher of the two \u2014 <b>\u20b9250 crore<\/b> \u2014 is the minimum. The two limbs are alternatives, not to be added together.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 489,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The rationale given in the guidelines for testing dividend payout against net-worth rather than against paid-up share capital alone is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"although dividend is paid on paid-up share capital, dividend payout should be seen with reference to the return on the shareholder's money, that is, net-worth\",\r\n      \"dividend is legally payable only out of net-worth\",\r\n      \"paid-up share capital is not disclosed in the accounts of unlisted CPSEs\",\r\n      \"net-worth is the basis on which the Companies Act, 2013 permits declaration of dividend\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 5.1 \u2013 The Reasoning<\/b><br><b>'ALTHOUGH DIVIDEND IS PAID ON PAID UP SHARE CAPITAL, DIVIDEND PAYOUT SHOULD BE SEEN WITH REFERENCE TO RETURN TO SHAREHOLDER'S MONEY, I.E. NET-WORTH.'<\/b> Hence return on net-worth in the form of dividend is treated as a desirable parameter for increasing investor confidence, and needs to be compared with alternative investment opportunities available to investors.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 490,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Public Sector Enterprise proposes to pay a dividend lower than the maximum permissible under the Act under which it was set up. Which of the following aspects is it required to analyse in justification?\\n1. Net-worth of the CPSE and its capacity to borrow\\n2. Long-term borrowings\\n3. Capital expenditure and business expansion needs\\n4. Cash and bank balance\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 5.3 \u2013 The Five Aspects<\/b><br>CPSEs are expected to pay the maximum dividend permissible unless a lower dividend is justified after analysis, on a case to case basis, of <b>(i) net-worth of the CPSE and its capacity to borrow; (ii) long-term borrowings; (iii) CAPEX\/business expansion needs; (iv) retention of profit for further leveraging in line with the CAPEX needs; and (v) cash and bank balance<\/b>. All four listed aspects are among them.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 491,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The analysis justifying the payment of a lower dividend by a Central Public Sector Enterprise is undertaken at the level of the Administrative Ministry or Department with the approval of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secretary, Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\",\r\n      \"Financial Advisers\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor-General\",\r\n      \"Board of Directors of the CPSE\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 5.3<\/b><br>A lower dividend may be paid only where it is <b>'justified after the analyses of the following aspects on a case to case basis AT THE LEVEL OF ADMINISTRATIVE MINISTRY\/DEPARTMENT WITH THE APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL ADVISERS'<\/b>. The Secretaries of the Department of Economic Affairs and DIPAM come into the picture at the next stage, when a report seeking exemption is submitted.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 492,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A report seeking exemption from the dividend norm is required to be submitted by a Central Public Sector Enterprise, through its Administrative Ministry, to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Secretary, Department of Public Enterprises alone\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor-General, before the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"the Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs and the Secretary, Department of Investment and Public Asset Management, before the end of the second quarter of the financial year\",\r\n      \"the Budget Division, at the time of the pre-Budget meetings\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 5.4 \u2013 Route and Timeline for Exemption<\/b><br>The analysis must confirm that the retention of funds augmenting the CPSE's net-worth is being optimally leveraged to ensure higher investment. <b>'The report for exemption, if any, in this regard will be submitted by the CPSEs THROUGH THEIR ADMINISTRATIVE MINISTRY to SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF INVESTMENT AND PUBLIC ASSET MANAGEMENT (DIPAM) BEFORE THE END OF SECOND QUARTER OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 493,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Under the guidelines, every Central Public Sector Enterprise is required to deliberate on the parameters relevant to buyback of shares\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"in the Board meeting convened to approve the annual accounts\",\r\n      \"in the annual general meeting of the company\",\r\n      \"at the time of finalisation of its capital expenditure budget\",\r\n      \"in the first Board meeting after the closure of the financial year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 6.3 \u2013 Timing of the Buyback Deliberation<\/b><br>In supersession of earlier guidelines, <b>'every CPSE shall look into and analyse\/deliberate IN FIRST BOARD MEETING AFTER THE CLOSURE OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR the following parameters for the purpose of buyback'<\/b> \u2014 cash and bank balance; CAPEX and business expansion as committed with reference to the CAPEX incurred in the last 3 years; net-worth; long term borrowing and further capacity to borrow; any other financial commitments in the near future; business and other receivables and contingent liabilities; and market price or book value of the share.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 494,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Among the parameters to be deliberated for the purpose of buyback, capital expenditure and business expansion as committed are to be assessed with reference to the capital expenditure incurred in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the last 3 years\",\r\n      \"the last financial year\",\r\n      \"the last 5 years\",\r\n      \"the period since the incorporation of the CPSE\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 6.3(ii)<\/b><br>The parameter is <b>'Capital Expenditure and business expansion as committed WITH REFERENCE TO THE CAPEX INCURRED IN THE LAST 3 YEARS'<\/b>. The reference to a three-year track record is intended to test whether a claimed expansion requirement is borne out by the enterprise's actual recent investment behaviour.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 495,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Public Sector Enterprise has a net-worth of rupees 2,500 crore and a cash and bank balance of rupees 900 crore. Which one of the following correctly states its position with respect to buyback of shares?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It is obliged to exercise the option to buy back its shares, its net-worth being above the prescribed threshold\",\r\n      \"It is not obliged to exercise the option, since both the net-worth and the cash and bank balance thresholds must be satisfied and the latter is not\",\r\n      \"It is obliged to exercise the option, since either of the two thresholds is sufficient\",\r\n      \"It is prohibited from buying back its shares until its cash and bank balance exceeds its net-worth\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 6.4 \u2013 Cumulative Thresholds<\/b><br><b>'Every CPSE having NET-WORTH OF AT LEAST RS. 2000 CRORE AND CASH AND BANK BALANCE OF OVER RS. 1000 CRORE shall exercise the option to buy-back their shares.'<\/b> The conjunction 'and' makes the two thresholds cumulative. Here the net-worth test is met (\u20b92,500 crore \u2265 \u20b92,000 crore) but the cash and bank balance of \u20b9900 crore does not exceed \u20b91,000 crore, so the obligation is not attracted \u2014 though the Board must still deliberate the buyback parameters.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 496,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The reasoning given in the guidelines for requiring cash-rich Central Public Sector Enterprises to consider buyback is that buyback\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"reduces the Government's shareholding and thereby advances disinvestment targets\",\r\n      \"is the only lawful method of returning surplus funds to shareholders\",\r\n      \"improves investors' confidence in the company and is likely to help it raise capital in future when it requires funds for expansion or diversification, thus supporting its market capitalization\",\r\n      \"reduces the dividend liability of the company in subsequent years\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 6.2 \u2013 Rationale for Buyback<\/b><br>Some CPSEs are not able to deploy their cash and bank balances for viable business expansion. In such cases, <b>'buyback of shares IMPROVES INVESTORS' CONFIDENCE in the company and is likely to help the company to RAISE CAPITAL IN FUTURE when it requires funds for expansion\/diversification for growth. Thus, it SUPPORTS THEIR MARKET CAPITALIZATION, which is in the overall long term interest of the company.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 497,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Public Sector Enterprise has defined reserves and surplus equal to seven times its paid-up equity share capital. Which one of the following correctly states its position with respect to the issue of bonus shares?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It is obliged to issue bonus shares, the threshold of five times having been crossed\",\r\n      \"It is under no obligation, since the mandatory threshold of ten times has not been reached and no deliberation is required below it\",\r\n      \"It may issue bonus shares only with the prior approval of DIPAM\",\r\n      \"It must look into and deliberate the issue of bonus shares, and if it decides not to issue them, the reasons must be recorded specifically\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraphs 7.4 and 7.5 \u2013 Two Distinct Thresholds<\/b><br>At <b>five times or more<\/b>, the obligation is one of <b>deliberation<\/b>: 'every CPSE SHOULD LOOK INTO AND ANALYZE\/DELIBERATE in their Board meeting\/Finance Committee the issue of bonus shares when their defined reserves and surplus are equal to or more than 5 times of its paid up equity share capital. In case it is decided NOT to issue bonus shares, the nominee official director shall ensure that the board analyses the justification for the decision, and REASONS FOR THE SAME BE RECORDED SPECIFICALLY.' It is only at <b>ten times or more<\/b> that 'every CPSE SHALL ISSUE bonus shares'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 498,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Public Sector Enterprise has defined reserves and surplus equal to twelve times its paid-up equity share capital. Under the guidelines it\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"shall issue bonus shares\",\r\n      \"should merely deliberate the issue of bonus shares and record its reasons if it decides against them\",\r\n      \"shall buy back its shares instead\",\r\n      \"shall split its shares\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 7.5 \u2013 The Mandatory Threshold<\/b><br><b>'However, every CPSE SHALL ISSUE BONUS SHARES if their defined reserves and surplus is EQUAL TO OR MORE THAN 10 TIMES of its paid up equity share capital.'<\/b> At twelve times, the discretion available in the five-times band under paragraph 7.4 is exhausted and the obligation becomes mandatory.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 499,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"For the purposes of the guidelines on bonus shares, 'defined reserves and surplus' means\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"all reserves appearing in the balance sheet, including revaluation reserve\",\r\n      \"free reserves, the share premium account and the capital redemption reserve account\",\r\n      \"free reserves and retained earnings only\",\r\n      \"the excess of net-worth over paid-up equity share capital\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 7.6 \u2013 Definition<\/b><br><b>'Defined reserves and surplus would mean FREE RESERVES, THE SHARE PREMIUM ACCOUNT, AND THE CAPITAL REDEMPTION RESERVE ACCOUNT.'<\/b> The definition is exhaustive, and it is against this figure \u2014 not against total reserves as shown in the balance sheet \u2014 that the five-times and ten-times multiples of paid-up equity share capital are to be tested.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 500,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Under the earlier guidelines issued by the Department of Public Enterprises, enterprises were to consider the scope for issuing bonus shares where their reserves were in excess of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"five times their paid up capital\",\r\n      \"ten times their paid up capital\",\r\n      \"three times their paid up capital\",\r\n      \"two times their paid up capital\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 7.1 \u2013 The Superseded Threshold<\/b><br>The Department of Public Enterprises guidelines provided that each Administrative Ministry may direct the CPSEs under its control that <b>'enterprises having reserves IN EXCESS OF THREE TIMES OF THEIR PAID UP CAPITAL should immediately consider the scope for issuing bonus shares to Government of India and pro-rata to other existing shareholders if partial disinvestment had occurred so far'<\/b>. The consolidated guidelines superseded this and substituted the five-times deliberation threshold and the ten-times mandatory threshold.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 501,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The guidelines record that the issue of bonus shares by Central Public Sector Enterprises helps in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"reducing the Government's dividend income in the short term\",\r\n      \"increasing the face value of the shares held by the Government\",\r\n      \"converting free reserves into borrowings\",\r\n      \"bringing about a balance between paid up capital and accumulated reserves, and eliciting good public response to equity issues of the public enterprises and their market capitalisation\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 7.3 \u2013 Rationale for Bonus Shares<\/b><br>The Government has from time to time underlined the desirability that CPSEs should capitalize a portion of their large reserves by issuing bonus shares to the existing shareholders, since <b>'the issue of bonus shares helps in BRINGING ABOUT A BALANCE BETWEEN PAID UP CAPITAL &amp; ACCUMULATED RESERVES and elicits GOOD PUBLIC RESPONSE TO EQUITY ISSUES of the public enterprises and its MARKET CAPITALISATION'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 502,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The shares of a Central Public Sector Enterprise have a face value of rupees 10 and a market price of rupees 620. Which one of the following correctly states its position with respect to splitting of shares?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"It will split its shares, since the market price exceeds 50 times the face value and the face value is not less than rupees 1\",\r\n      \"It need not split its shares, since the threshold applies only where the book value exceeds 50 times the face value\",\r\n      \"It cannot split its shares, since the face value exceeds rupee 1\",\r\n      \"It will split its shares only if the Board so decides after considering the depth of the market\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 8.3 \u2013 The Splitting Norm<\/b><br><b>'A CPSE where MARKET PRICE OR BOOK VALUE of its share EXCEEDS 50 TIMES OF ITS FACE VALUE will split-off its shares appropriately, PROVIDED ITS EXISTING FACE VALUE OF THE SHARE IS EQUAL TO OR MORE THAN RS. 1.'<\/b> Here the market price of \u20b9620 exceeds 50 times the face value of \u20b910 (that is, \u20b9500), and the face value of \u20b910 satisfies the \u20b91 floor \u2014 so the norm is attracted. The test is disjunctive: either market price or book value will do.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 503,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The rationale given in the guidelines for the splitting of shares is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a split increases the net-worth of the company available for dividend\",\r\n      \"the Government wishes to encourage participation of small investors in the capital market so as to increase the depth of the market, liquidity and trading volume of the shares, high share prices sometimes acting as a deterrent\",\r\n      \"a split enables the company to avoid the mandatory issue of bonus shares\",\r\n      \"a split is a precondition for buyback of shares under the Companies Act, 2013\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 8.2 \u2013 Rationale for Splitting<\/b><br><b>'It has been endeavour of the government to ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SMALL INVESTORS IN THE CAPITAL MARKET so as to increase the DEPTH OF THE MARKET, LIQUIDITY AND TRADING VOLUME of the shares. However, HIGH PRICE OF SHARES SOMETIMES ACTS AS A DETERRENT for the investors to invest in the company.'<\/b> The earlier Department of Expenditure guidance had simply said that companies with a high market price would consider stock splits, without indicating when.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 504,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Threshold at which a CPSE must deliberate the issue of bonus shares and record reasons if it decides against them\\nB. Threshold at which the issue of bonus shares becomes mandatory\\nC. Multiple of face value on the crossing of which a CPSE will split its shares\\nD. Reserves threshold under the superseded Department of Public Enterprises guidelines\\nList-II\\n1. In excess of three times paid up capital\\n2. Ten times paid up equity share capital\\n3. Fifty times\\n4. Five times paid up equity share capital\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Multiples Distinguished<\/b><br>Deliberation is required at <b>five times<\/b> the paid up equity share capital (paragraph 7.4); the issue becomes <b>mandatory at ten times<\/b> (paragraph 7.5); a CPSE will split its shares where the market price or book value exceeds <b>fifty times<\/b> the face value (paragraph 8.3); and the superseded DPE guidelines spoke of reserves <b>in excess of three times<\/b> the paid up capital (paragraph 7.1). Hence A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 505,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"For the purposes of these guidelines, 'net-worth' has\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the meaning assigned to it by the Department of Public Enterprises in its annual survey\",\r\n      \"the meaning of free reserves and paid-up capital only\",\r\n      \"the same meaning as defined in the Companies Act, 2013, as amended from time to time\",\r\n      \"the meaning assigned to it by DIPAM in each case of exemption\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 9.1<\/b><br><b>'Net-worth as referred to in the above guidelines would have the SAME MEANING AS DEFINED IN THE COMPANIES ACT, 2013, AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME.'<\/b> The expression 'Free reserves and paid-up capital, including other reserves (if any)' appears in a different place \u2014 in paragraph 6.3(iii), as a gloss on the net-worth parameter to be deliberated for buyback.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 506,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"A Central Public Sector Enterprise finds that the mandatory issue of bonus shares under the guidelines would conflict with the provisions of the Act under which it was set up. Which one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The guidelines override the provisions of that Act\",\r\n      \"The conflict is to be resolved by the Board of Directors of the CPSE\",\r\n      \"The guidelines cease to apply to that CPSE altogether\",\r\n      \"The guidelines are subject to the provisions of the Act under which the CPSE has been set up, as amended from time to time, and any other extant regulations or rules\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 9.2<\/b><br><b>'The above guidelines on payment of dividend, bonus shares, buyback and splitting of shares WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT UNDER WHICH A CPSE HAS BEEN SET UP, AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, AND ANY OTHER EXTANT REGULATIONS\/RULES.'<\/b> The same subordination appears in paragraph 5.2, where the minimum dividend is expressed to be 'subject to the maximum dividend permitted under the extant legal provisions'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 507,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Where a Central Public Sector Enterprise is not able to comply with any of the guidelines, the specific exemption is to be obtained from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"DIPAM, Ministry of Finance, through the Administrative Ministry or Department\",\r\n      \"the Department of Public Enterprises, through the Board of Directors\",\r\n      \"the Department of Economic Affairs, directly by the CPSE\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor-General, through the statutory auditor\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 9.3<\/b><br><b>'In case any CPSE is not able to comply with any of the above guidelines, SPECIFIC EXEMPTION HAS TO BE OBTAINED FROM DIPAM, MINISTRY OF FINANCE, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA THROUGH THEIR ADMINISTRATIVE MINISTRY\/DEPARTMENT.'<\/b> The route is thus never direct: it always passes through the Administrative Ministry.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 508,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"In referring a proposal for exemption to DIPAM, the Administrative Ministry is required to enclose\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the certificate of the statutory auditor of the CPSE\",\r\n      \"its own opinion or comments and the concurrence of the Financial Adviser in the matter\",\r\n      \"a resolution of the annual general meeting of the CPSE\",\r\n      \"the recommendation of the Department of Public Enterprises\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 9.3<\/b><br><b>'The Administrative Ministry will ensure the compliance of these guidelines and REFER PROPOSALS FOR EXEMPTION(S) TO THE DIPAM ALONGWITH THEIR OPINION\/COMMENTS AND CONCURRENCE OF THE FINANCIAL ADVISER in the matter.'<\/b> The Administrative Ministry thus carries a twofold responsibility \u2014 ensuring compliance in the first place, and forwarding exemption proposals with a reasoned view and the Financial Adviser's concurrence.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 509,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"The annual survey through which the various aspects of these guidelines are to be captured, and whose findings may be incorporated in the annual publication 'Public Enterprises Survey', is conducted by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Department of Investment and Public Asset Management\",\r\n      \"Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"Department of Public Enterprises\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraph 9.4<\/b><br><b>'The DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ENTERPRISES (DPE), WHICH CONDUCTS AN ANNUAL SURVEY, may consider an appropriate modification, if required, in their existing format to adequately capture various aspects of the above guidelines for the efficient management of GoI's investment in CPSEs. The findings of the Survey may also be suitably incorporated in its annual publication on 'PUBLIC ENTERPRISES SURVEY'.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 510,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the guidelines on capital restructuring of Central Public Sector Enterprises:\\n1. They were issued in supersession of guidelines issued earlier by the Department of Public Enterprises, the Department of Expenditure and the Department of Economic Affairs.\\n2. They apply to Limited Liability Partnerships in which the Government of India has a controlling interest.\\n3. A body corporate with accumulated losses is outside the scope of the guidelines on dividend, bonus shares and buyback.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Paragraphs 3, 4.1.1 and 4.2<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 3 are correct \u2705\u2705. Statement 2 is incorrect: for the purposes of these guidelines a 'body corporate' includes a body incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 or 2013, or under any other applicable Act, <b>EXCEPT A LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 511,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the guidelines is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Every CPSE would pay a minimum annual dividend of 30 per cent of profit after tax or 5 per cent of net-worth, whichever is higher\",\r\n      \"Every CPSE having net-worth of at least rupees 2,000 crore and cash and bank balance of over rupees 1,000 crore shall exercise the option to buy back its shares\",\r\n      \"A CPSE where the market price or book value of its share exceeds fifty times its face value will split its shares, provided the existing face value is not less than rupee one\",\r\n      \"Every CPSE shall issue bonus shares if its defined reserves and surplus equal or exceed five times its paid up equity share capital\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Confusing the Two Bonus Share Thresholds<\/b><br>At <b>five times<\/b> the paid up equity share capital the obligation is only to <b>look into and deliberate<\/b> the issue, recording reasons specifically if the decision is against issuing (paragraph 7.4). It is at <b>TEN TIMES or more<\/b> that 'every CPSE SHALL ISSUE bonus shares' (paragraph 7.5). The other three statements correctly reproduce paragraphs 5.2, 6.4 and 8.3.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 512,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 3 \u2013 DIPAM GUIDELINES ON CAPITAL RESTRUCTURING OF CPSEs\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Approval required where a CPSE proposes to pay a dividend lower than the maximum permissible\\nB. Authority to whom a report seeking exemption from the dividend norm is submitted\\nC. Authority from whom specific exemption from any of the guidelines is to be obtained\\nD. Body which conducts the annual survey capturing the aspects of these guidelines\\nList-II\\n1. DIPAM, Ministry of Finance, through the Administrative Ministry or Department\\n2. Department of Public Enterprises\\n3. Financial Advisers, at the level of the Administrative Ministry or Department\\n4. Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs and Secretary, DIPAM\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Approval and Exemption Machinery<\/b><br>A lower dividend must be justified at the level of the Administrative Ministry\/Department <b>with the approval of the Financial Advisers<\/b> (paragraph 5.3); the report for exemption from the dividend norm goes to the <b>Secretary, DEA and Secretary, DIPAM<\/b> before the end of the second quarter (paragraph 5.4); specific exemption from any of the guidelines is obtained from <b>DIPAM through the Administrative Ministry\/Department<\/b> (paragraph 9.3); and the annual survey is conducted by the <b>Department of Public Enterprises<\/b> (paragraph 9.4). Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 513,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 was enacted with a view to providing a legislative framework for the reduction of deficit and debt of the Central Government to a sustainable level, so as to ensure\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"uniformity in the accounting practices of the Union and the States\",\r\n      \"the elimination of the revenue deficit within a period of five years\",\r\n      \"inter-generational equity in fiscal management and long term macro-economic stability\",\r\n      \"parliamentary control over the borrowing programme of the Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Object of the FRBM Act, 2003<\/b><br>The Act was enacted <b>'with a view to provide a legislative framework for reduction of deficit and debt of the Central Government to a sustainable level SO AS TO ENSURE INTER-GENERATIONAL EQUITY IN FISCAL MANAGEMENT AND LONG TERM MACRO-ECONOMIC STABILITY'<\/b>. The elimination of the revenue deficit within a stated period is a target under the Act, not its stated object.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 514,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 and the Rules made under it came into force with effect from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"5th July, 2004\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2003\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2004\",\r\n      \"5th July, 2003\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Commencement of the FRBM Framework<\/b><br><b>'The FRBM Act, 2003 and the FRBM Rules, 2004 made under the Act have come into force with effect from 5th JULY, 2004.'<\/b> Note that the Act bears the year 2003 and the Rules the year 2004, but both were brought into force on the same date.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 515,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"The format of the Macro-Economic Framework Statement is prescribed in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the FRBM Act, 2003\",\r\n      \"the Budget Circular issued each year\",\r\n      \"the General Financial Rules, 2017\",\r\n      \"the FRBM Rules\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Source of the Format<\/b><br>The FRBM Act requires that the Macro-Economic Framework Statement shall contain an assessment of the growth prospects of the economy with specification of underlying assumptions; but <b>'THE FORMAT of the Macro Economic Framework Statement as prescribed in the FRBM RULES'<\/b> is what governs the paragraph-by-paragraph structure of the document.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 516,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"In the Macro-Economic Framework Statement, the paragraph which contains a synoptic analysis of trends in growth rates, prices, output, external sector, money and capital markets is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"GDP Growth\",\r\n      \"Overview of the Economy\",\r\n      \"Central Government Finances\",\r\n      \"Prospects\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Opening Paragraph<\/b><br><b>'Overview of the Economy \u2014 This paragraph shall contain a SYNOPTIC ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN GROWTH RATES, PRICES, OUTPUT, EXTERNAL SECTOR, MONEY AND CAPITAL MARKETS. Information on key macro-economic indicators will be presented in the format appended.'<\/b> The later paragraphs then take up GDP growth, the external sector, money and banking, and Central Government finances individually.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 517,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Trends in exports, imports, foreign exchange reserves, current account balance and balance of payments are presented in the Macro-Economic Framework Statement under the paragraph on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Overview of the Economy\",\r\n      \"Money, Banking and Capital Markets\",\r\n      \"External Sector\",\r\n      \"Prospects\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The External Sector Paragraph<\/b><br><b>'External Sector \u2014 Under this paragraph, trends in EXPORTS, IMPORTS, FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES, CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE AND BALANCE OF PAYMENTS shall be presented.'<\/b> The external sector also figures in the synoptic analysis in the opening paragraph, but only in outline; its detailed treatment belongs to this paragraph.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 518,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are presented under the paragraph on Central Government Finances in the Macro-Economic Framework Statement?\\n1. An analysis of trends in revenue collections and expenditure\\n2. Trends in important fiscal deficit and debt indicators\\n3. Trends in Central Government finances in the format appended\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Central Government Finances<\/b><br>All three are correct: <b>'Under this paragraph, an analysis of trends in revenue collections and expenditure shall be presented. Trends in important fiscal deficit and debt indicators shall be presented. Trends in Central Government finances shall be presented in the FORMAT APPENDED.'<\/b> Note that two of the six paragraphs \u2014 this one and 'Overview of the Economy' \u2014 carry appended formats.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 519,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"The concluding paragraph of the Macro-Economic Framework Statement, in which an assessment is made regarding the growth prospects along with the underlying assumptions, is based on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the trends in major sectors presented in the previous sections\",\r\n      \"the recommendations of the Finance Commission\",\r\n      \"the projections contained in the Medium Term Expenditure Framework Statement\",\r\n      \"the Revised Estimates of the current financial year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The 'Prospects' Paragraph<\/b><br><b>'Prospects \u2014 BASED ON THE TRENDS IN MAJOR SECTORS PRESENTED IN THE PREVIOUS SECTIONS, an assessment shall be made regarding the growth prospects, along with the underlying assumptions.'<\/b> The Statement is thus internally structured: five descriptive paragraphs of trends, followed by a forward-looking assessment drawn from them.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 520,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the sub-paragraph on Tax Policy in the Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements:\\n1. Major changes proposed to be introduced in direct and indirect taxes in the ensuing financial year are to be presented.\\n2. It shall contain an assessment of income tax exemption limits and how far these relate to per capita income.\\n3. It shall contain the principles regarding tax exemptions and the target group for exemptions.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Tax Policy Sub-paragraph<\/b><br>All three are correct. <b>'In the sub-paragraph on tax policy, major changes proposed to be introduced in direct and indirect taxes in the ensuing financial year will be presented. It shall contain an assessment of INCOME TAX EXEMPTION LIMITS AND HOW FAR IT RELATES TO PER CAPITA INCOME, PRINCIPLES REGARDING TAX EXEMPTIONS AND TARGET GROUP FOR EXEMPTIONS.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 521,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Under the sub-paragraph on Expenditure Policy in the Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements, in addition to the major changes proposed in the allocation of expenditure, what further assessment is required?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"An assessment of the absorptive capacity of the implementing agencies\",\r\n      \"An assessment of the unspent balances lying with grantee bodies\",\r\n      \"An assessment of the outcomes achieved against the previous year's outlays\",\r\n      \"An assessment of the principles regarding the benefits and the target group of beneficiaries\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Expenditure Policy Sub-paragraph<\/b><br><b>'Under expenditure policy, major changes proposed in the allocation of expenditure shall be indicated. It shall also contain an ASSESSMENT OF PRINCIPLES REGARDING THE BENEFITS AND TARGET GROUP OF BENEFICIARIES.'<\/b> This mirrors the tax policy sub-paragraph, which similarly requires the principles and target group for exemptions to be set out.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 522,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"The principles regarding average maturity structure and bunching of repayments are required to be indicated in the sub-paragraph on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Tax Policy\",\r\n      \"Government Borrowings, Lending and Investment\",\r\n      \"Contingent and Other Liabilities\",\r\n      \"Pricing of Administered Goods\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Government Borrowings, Lending and Investment<\/b><br><b>'In this sub-paragraph on Government borrowings, the policy relating to internal debt, external debt, Government lending, investments and other activities, INCLUDING PRINCIPLES REGARDING AVERAGE MATURITY STRUCTURE, BUNCHING OF REPAYMENTS, ETC. shall be indicated.'<\/b> The management of bunching of repayments is also the object of the switch and buyback operations carried out by the Government in consultation with the Reserve Bank.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 523,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"In the sub-paragraph on Contingent and Other Liabilities, particular emphasis is placed on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"subsidies which have the potential to exceed budgetary provision\",\r\n      \"arrears of non-tax revenue which may prove irrecoverable\",\r\n      \"guarantees which have potential budgetary implications\",\r\n      \"unspent balances lying with implementing agencies\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Contingent and Other Liabilities<\/b><br><b>'Any change in the policy on contingent and other liabilities AND IN PARTICULAR GUARANTEES WHICH HAVE THE POTENTIAL BUDGETARY IMPLICATIONS shall be indicated.'<\/b> Guarantees are separately dealt with in the disclosure statements under the FRBM Rules, where they are to be extracted from the Register of Guarantees and classified into six classes as mentioned in the General Financial Rules, 2017.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 524,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Any change proposed in the pricing of administered products, including the progress towards market-based principles, is to be spelt out in the sub-paragraph on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Pricing of Administered Goods\",\r\n      \"Expenditure Policy\",\r\n      \"Strategic Priorities for the Ensuing Year\",\r\n      \"Government Borrowings, Lending and Investment\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Pricing of Administered Goods<\/b><br><b>'Any change proposed in the PRICING OF ADMINISTERED PRODUCTS, INCLUDING THE PROGRESS TOWARDS MARKET-BASED PRINCIPLES shall be spelt out.'<\/b> This is one of the five sub-paragraphs which together constitute the section on 'Fiscal Policy and Fiscal Outlook' in the Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 525,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following are required to be spelt out under 'Strategic Priorities for the Ensuing Year' in the Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements?\\n1. Resource mobilization for the ensuing financial year through tax, non-tax and other receipts\\n2. The broad principles underlying the expenditure management during the ensuing year\\n3. Priorities relating to management of public debt proposed during the ensuing year\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Strategic Priorities for the Ensuing Year<\/b><br>All three are correct \u2014 the section requires that <b>resource mobilization through tax, non-tax and other receipts<\/b>, the <b>broad principles underlying expenditure management<\/b>, and the <b>priorities relating to management of public debt<\/b> for the ensuing year all be spelt out. The Statement thus closes with a forward-looking section, just as the Macro-Economic Framework Statement closes with 'Prospects'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 526,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Trends in money supply, bank deposits and credit, and developments in the capital market\\nB. Trends in overall growth and its sectoral composition\\nC. Policy relating to internal debt, external debt, Government lending and investments\\nD. Priorities relating to management of public debt proposed during the ensuing year\\nList-II\\n1. Strategic Priorities for the Ensuing Year, in the Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements\\n2. Money, Banking and Capital Markets, in the Macro-Economic Framework Statement\\n3. Government Borrowings, Lending and Investment, in the Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements\\n4. GDP Growth, in the Macro-Economic Framework Statement\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Locating the Content in the Two Statements<\/b><br>Money supply, bank deposits and credit and capital market developments belong to the <b>'Money, Banking and Capital Markets'<\/b> paragraph of the Macro-Economic Framework Statement; overall growth and its sectoral composition to the <b>'GDP Growth'<\/b> paragraph of that Statement; the policy on internal and external debt, lending and investments to the <b>'Government Borrowings, Lending and Investment'<\/b> sub-paragraph of the MTFP cum FPS Statements; and public debt management priorities for the ensuing year to <b>'Strategic Priorities for the Ensuing Year'<\/b> in that Statement. Hence A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 527,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 7 \u2013 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF FRBM STATEMENTS\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the two FRBM statements prepared for submission to Parliament along with the Budget is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The Macro-Economic Framework Statement contains an assessment of the growth prospects of the economy with specification of underlying assumptions\",\r\n      \"The Medium Term Fiscal Policy cum Fiscal Policy Strategy Statements contain a table of fiscal indicators as rolling targets expressed as a percentage of GDP\",\r\n      \"Both are prepared for submission to Parliament along with the Budget\",\r\n      \"The Macro-Economic Framework Statement contains the sub-paragraph on Pricing of Administered Goods\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Allocating the Content Correctly<\/b><br><b>'Pricing of Administered Goods' is a sub-paragraph of 'Fiscal Policy and Fiscal Outlook' in the MEDIUM TERM FISCAL POLICY CUM FISCAL POLICY STRATEGY STATEMENTS<\/b>, not of the Macro-Economic Framework Statement, whose six paragraphs are Overview of the Economy, GDP Growth, External Sector, Money Banking and Capital Markets, Central Government Finances and Prospects.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 528,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"After the Finance Minister's reply to the General Discussion, both Houses adjourn for approximately one month from mid-February. The purpose of this adjournment is to enable\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Ministry of Finance to finalise the Revised Estimates\",\r\n      \"the Department-Related Parliamentary Standing Committees to consider the Demands for Grants of different Ministries and Departments and prepare their Reports\",\r\n      \"the Public Accounts Committee to examine the Appropriation Accounts\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General to complete the audit of the previous year's accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Recess between the Two Phases<\/b><br><b>'Both Houses adjourn for approximately ONE MONTH FROM MID-FEBRUARY to enable the DEPARTMENT-RELATED PARLIAMENTARY STANDING COMMITTEES TO CONSIDER THE DEMANDS FOR GRANTS of different Ministries\/Departments and prepare their Reports.'<\/b> It is during this recess that the List of Demands for Grants is prepared in the Budget Press and the draft Appropriation Bill is sent for vetting.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 529,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"The reports of the Department-Related Parliamentary Standing Committees on the Demands for Grants are laid in the Lok Sabha by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Budget Division of the Ministry of Finance\",\r\n      \"Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs\",\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\",\r\n      \"administrative Ministry concerned\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Laying of the Standing Committee Reports<\/b><br>The Budget Activity Schedule for the Budget in Parliament lists <b>'Laying of reports of Standing Committees in Lok Sabha BY LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT'<\/b> as the step immediately following the recess, and before the notice to the Secretary-General for the making of Demands.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 530,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"The notice to the Secretary-General, Lok Sabha for the making of Demands and the forwarding of the list of Demands of voted Grants to the Lok Sabha is indicated as taking place in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"March\",\r\n      \"the first week of February\",\r\n      \"the second week of February\",\r\n      \"the fourth week of March\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Timing of the Notice for Making of Demands<\/b><br>Against this item the indicative date given in the schedule is <b>MARCH<\/b>. It comes after the recess and the laying of the Standing Committee reports, and precedes the discussion and voting on the Demands for Grants of selected Ministries and the guillotining of the remaining Demands.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 531,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following steps relating to the Appropriation Bill, with the indicative dates given in the schedule:\\n1. Forwarding of the draft Bill to the Legislative Department \u2014 second week of February\\n2. Summary for the President for introduction and consideration of the Appropriation Bill \u2014 first week of February\\n\\nWhich one of the following is correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Both dates are as stated, so that the forwarding of the draft Bill precedes the Summary for the President\",\r\n      \"The dates are interchanged: the draft Bill is forwarded in the first week and the Summary submitted in the second week\",\r\n      \"Both steps are indicated as taking place in March\",\r\n      \"Both dates are as stated, so that the Summary for the President precedes the forwarding of the draft Bill\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Sequence in the Schedule<\/b><br>The schedule gives <b>'Forwarding of the draft Bill to Legislative Department \u2014 2ND WEEK OF FEBRUARY'<\/b> and <b>'Summary for the President for introduction and consideration of the Appropriation Bill \u2014 1ST WEEK OF FEBRUARY'<\/b>. Although the Summary appears later in the numbered list, its indicative date is earlier, so in point of time the Summary for the President precedes the forwarding of the draft Bill.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 532,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"According to the indicative dates in the schedule, the passing of the Appropriation Bill and the President's assent to the Appropriation Bill and the Finance Bill take place respectively in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"second week of March and the third week of March\",\r\n      \"third week of March and the fourth week of March\",\r\n      \"fourth week of March and the first week of April\",\r\n      \"third week of March and the first week of April\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Closing Steps of the Budget in Parliament<\/b><br>The schedule indicates <b>'Passing of the Appropriation Bill \u2014 3RD WEEK OF MARCH'<\/b> and <b>'President's assent to the Appropriation Bill and Finance Bill \u2014 4TH WEEK OF MARCH'<\/b>. The whole sequence is thus designed to be completed before the commencement of the ensuing financial year on 1st April.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 533,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"The footnote to the schedule of the Budget in Parliament refers to the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931, which enjoins that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Finance Bill must be passed within seventy-five days of its introduction\",\r\n      \"the Appropriation Bill shall be passed before the Finance Bill\",\r\n      \"some of the provisions of the Finance Bill shall take immediate effect\",\r\n      \"the Finance Bill shall not be circulated to Members two days in advance\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Footnote to the Schedule<\/b><br>The schedule carries the note: <b>'Subject to the provisions of the PROVISIONAL COLLECTION OF TAXES ACT, 1931 (XVI OF 1931) WHICH ENJOINS THAT SOME OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE FINANCE BILL SHALL TAKE IMMEDIATE EFFECT.'<\/b> The seventy-five day limit and the non-circulation of the Bill two days in advance are separate consequences dealt with in the chapter on the role of the legislature.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 534,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"In the schedule for the Budget in Parliament, the step which immediately precedes the consideration and passing of the Finance Bill in the Lok Sabha is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the speech by the Finance Minister in the Lok Sabha at the start of consideration of the Finance Bill\",\r\n      \"the President's recommendation for amendments to the Finance Bill\",\r\n      \"the return of the Appropriation Bill by the Rajya Sabha\",\r\n      \"the guillotining of the remaining Demands for Grants\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Order of the Finance Bill Steps<\/b><br>Under the heading 'Finance Bill' the schedule lists, in order: <b>the President's recommendation for amendments to the Finance Bill; the SPEECH BY FINANCE MINISTER IN LOK SABHA AT THE START OF CONSIDERATION OF THE FINANCE BILL; the consideration and passing of the Finance Bill in Lok Sabha; its consideration in Rajya Sabha; and the Finance Minister's reply in Rajya Sabha, passing and return of the Bill.<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 535,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"According to the indicative dates in the schedule, the consideration of the Finance Bill in the Rajya Sabha and the Finance Minister's reply, passing and return of the Bill by that House are shown as taking place in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"third week of March\",\r\n      \"fourth week of March only\",\r\n      \"first week of April\",\r\n      \"third or fourth week of March\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Finance Bill in the Rajya Sabha<\/b><br>Both items \u2014 <b>'Consideration of the Finance Bill in Rajya Sabha'<\/b> and <b>'Finance Minister's reply in Rajya Sabha, Passing and return of the Finance Bill by Rajya Sabha'<\/b> \u2014 carry the indicative date <b>'3RD\/4TH WEEK OF MARCH'<\/b>, whereas the corresponding stage in the Lok Sabha is shown as the 3rd week of March.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 536,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 8 \u2013 BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following steps in the schedule for the Budget in Parliament are shown against the indicative date 'As per Business' rather than a specific week or month?\\n1. General Discussion in both Houses\\n2. Discussion and voting on the Demands for Grants of selected Ministries in Lok Sabha\\n3. Voting of the remaining Demands for Grants through Guillotine\\n4. President's assent to the Appropriation Bill and Finance Bill\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>'As per Business' versus Indicative Dates<\/b><br>The steps which depend on the business of the House \u2014 the <b>General Discussion, the Finance Minister's reply to it, the discussion and voting on the Demands of selected Ministries, and the guillotining of the remaining Demands<\/b> \u2014 are all shown as <b>'As per Business'<\/b>. The <b>President's assent<\/b>, by contrast, carries a definite indicative date, namely the <b>4th week of March<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 537,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"The Contingency Fund of India Rules were made by the Central Government in exercise of the powers conferred by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Article 267 of the Constitution\",\r\n      \"Section 4 of the Contingency Fund of India Act, 1950\",\r\n      \"Rule 10 of the Delegation of Financial Powers Rules, 1978\",\r\n      \"Section 3 of the FRBM Act, 2003\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Source of the Rules<\/b><br>The notification opens: <b>'In exercise of the powers conferred by SECTION 4 OF THE CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA ACT, 1950 (XLIX OF 1950), the Central Government hereby makes the following rules.'<\/b> Article 267 is the constitutional provision under which Parliament established the Fund by that Act; the Rules themselves are made under the Act.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 538,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"The Contingency Fund of India is held on behalf of the President by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"Cabinet Secretary\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 2 \u2013 Custody of the Fund<\/b><br><b>'The Contingency Fund of India shall be held on behalf of the President by the SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, MINISTRY OF FINANCE, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS.'<\/b> It is the Department of Expenditure, however, to which applications for advances are ordinarily addressed under Rule 4 \u2014 the two Departments have distinct roles under these Rules.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 539,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"An amount equivalent to what proportion of the Contingency Fund corpus is placed at the disposal of the Secretary, Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure, for the purpose of meeting unforeseen expenditure?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Forty per cent\",\r\n      \"Twenty-five per cent\",\r\n      \"Fifty per cent\",\r\n      \"Seventy-five per cent\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 3 \u2013 The Forty Per Cent Limit<\/b><br><b>'An amount equivalent to FORTY PER CENT OF THE FUND CORPUS shall be placed at the disposal of Secretary, Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure for the purpose of meeting unforeseen expenditure.'<\/b> Beyond this limit, a higher level of approval is required.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 540,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Releases from the Contingency Fund beyond the amount placed at the disposal of the Secretary, Department of Expenditure, are to be made\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"with the approval of the Secretary, Department of Expenditure alone\",\r\n      \"with the approval of the Finance Minister\",\r\n      \"with the approval of the President on each occasion\",\r\n      \"with the approval of the Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs, after the approval of the Secretary, Department of Expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 3 \u2013 Releases Beyond the Limit<\/b><br><b>'Beyond this limit, all further Contingency Fund releases shall be made WITH THE APPROVAL OF SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, AFTER THE APPROVAL OF SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, DEPARTMENT OF EXPENDITURE.'<\/b> Both approvals are required, and in that sequence \u2014 Expenditure first, Economic Affairs thereafter.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 541,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Which of the following particulars must an application for an advance from the Contingency Fund give?\\n1. Brief particulars of the additional expenditure involved\\n2. The circumstances in which provision could not be included in the budget\\n3. Why its postponement is not possible\\n4. The grant or appropriation under which supplementary provision will eventually have to be obtained\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"2, 3 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 4 \u2013 Contents of the Application<\/b><br>All four are required, together with a fifth particular \u2014 <b>the amount required to be advanced from the Fund WITH FULL COST OF THE PROPOSAL FOR THE YEAR OR PART OF THE YEAR, as the case may be<\/b>. The application must therefore establish not merely the need for money but the reason why the need could not have been anticipated and why it cannot wait.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 542,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"A Ministry proposes to advance a new loan and requires an advance from the Contingency Fund for the purpose. Its application must be made to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Financial Adviser of the Ministry\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 5 \u2013 The Exception for New Loans<\/b><br>The general rule under Rule 4 is that applications for advances are made to the Secretary, Department of Expenditure. Rule 5, however, carves out an exception: <b>'applications for advances of NEW LOANS shall be made to the SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, in the manner provided for in Rule 4'<\/b>. The particulars required remain those listed in Rule 4.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 543,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Advances from the Contingency Fund of India may be made for the purpose of meeting\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"unforeseen expenditure, but not expenditure on a new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement\",\r\n      \"any expenditure for which the budget provision has proved insufficient, whether foreseen or not\",\r\n      \"unforeseen expenditure, including expenditure on a new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement\",\r\n      \"only expenditure which is charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 6 \u2013 Scope of Advances<\/b><br><b>'Advances from the Fund shall be made for the purpose of meeting UNFORESEEN EXPENDITURE INCLUDING EXPENDITURE ON A NEW SERVICE NOT CONTEMPLATED IN THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENT.'<\/b> The Fund thus expressly covers the very case \u2014 a new service \u2014 for which parliamentary authorisation would otherwise be a precondition to expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 544,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"The order sanctioning an advance from the Contingency Fund is required to specify the amount, the grant or appropriation to which it relates and brief particulars by sub-heads and units of appropriation. A copy is to be forwarded by the Ministry of Finance to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Audit and Accounts Officers concerned\",\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General only\",\r\n      \"Budget Division and the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"Lok Sabha Secretariat\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 7 \u2013 Communication of the Sanction<\/b><br>A copy of the order sanctioning the advance, <b>'which shall specify the amount, the grant or appropriation to which it relates and give brief particulars by sub-heads and units of appropriation of the expenditure for meeting which it is made, shall be forwarded by the Ministry of Finance to the AUDIT AND ACCOUNTS OFFICERS CONCERNED'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 545,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"All expenditure financed from an advance out of the Contingency Fund is required to be regularised through Supplementary Estimates presented to Parliament, unless\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the advance is below the limit placed at the disposal of the Secretary, Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"the expenditure relates to a new service\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General certifies that regularisation is unnecessary\",\r\n      \"such advance has been resumed to the Contingency Fund in accordance with the relevant sub-rule\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 8(1)<\/b><br><b>'All expenditure so financed shall be REGULARISED THROUGH THE SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES presented to Parliament UNLESS SUCH ADVANCE HAS BEEN RESUMED TO THE CONTINGENCY FUND in accordance with the provisions of sub-rule (2).'<\/b> Sub-rule (2) provides for resumption once Parliament has authorised the additional expenditure by a Supplementary Appropriation Act.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 546,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"When Estimates for expenditure financed from the Contingency Fund are presented to Parliament, a note is required to be appended to such Estimates. The substance of the note is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the advance has already been resumed to the Contingency Fund and no vote is required\",\r\n      \"a stated sum has been advanced from the Contingency Fund and an equivalent amount is required to enable repayment to be made to that Fund\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General has been informed of the advance\",\r\n      \"the expenditure has been incurred with the approval of the Public Accounts Committee\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Note 1 under Rule 8(1)<\/b><br>The prescribed form of the note is: <b>'A sum of Rs. \u2026\u2026\u2026 HAS BEEN ADVANCED FROM THE CONTINGENCY FUND IN \u2026\u2026\u2026 AND AN EQUIVALENT AMOUNT IS REQUIRED TO ENABLE REPAYMENT TO BE MADE TO THAT FUND.'<\/b> The purpose of the note is to make plain to Parliament that the vote sought is not for fresh spending but to recoup the Fund.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 547,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Where the expenditure on a new service not contemplated in the Annual Financial Statement can be met partly from savings available within the authorized appropriation, the note appended to the Estimates indicates that a part of the amount can be found from savings within the grant and that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"no vote at all is now required\",\r\n      \"the entire amount must nevertheless be voted afresh\",\r\n      \"a token vote only is now required, a vote being required for the balance\",\r\n      \"the advance need not be resumed to the Contingency Fund\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Note 2 under Rule 8(1)<\/b><br>Where the new service expenditure can be met wholly or partly from savings, the note states that the amount 'can be found by re-appropriation', and where only a part is so available, that <b>'a part of that amount, viz., Rs. \u2026\u2026\u2026 of savings within the grant and A TOKEN VOTE ONLY IS NOW REQUIRED, viz., Rs. \u2026\u2026\u2026 only', A VOTE BEING REQUIRED FOR THE BALANCE<\/b>. This is the mechanism by which the token supplementary and the cash supplementary are combined in one presentation.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 548,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"As soon as Parliament has authorized additional expenditure by means of a Supplementary Appropriation Act, the advances made from the Contingency Fund shall be resumed to the Fund\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"to the full extent of the appropriation made in the Act, whether the advances were made before or after the Supplementary Estimates were presented\",\r\n      \"only to the extent of the advances made after the Supplementary Estimates were presented\",\r\n      \"only to the extent of the advances made before the Supplementary Estimates were presented\",\r\n      \"in such instalments as the Ministry of Finance may determine\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 8(2)<\/b><br>The advance or advances made from the Contingency Fund, <b>'WHETHER FOR MEETING THE EXPENDITURE INCURRED BEFORE THE SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES WERE PRESENTED TO THE PARLIAMENT OR AFTER THEY WERE SO PRESENTED, SHALL BE RESUMED TO THE FUND TO THE FULL EXTENT OF THE APPROPRIATION MADE IN ACT'<\/b>. The timing of the advance relative to the presentation of the Estimates is therefore immaterial.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 549,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"After an order sanctioning an advance from the Contingency Fund has been issued, but before the expenditure is regularised through Supplementary Estimates, it is found that the advance will remain partly unutilized. The prescribed course of action is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the unutilized portion should be surrendered at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"the unutilized portion should be carried forward to the next financial year\",\r\n      \"the matter should be reported to the Public Accounts Committee\",\r\n      \"an application shall be made to the sanctioning authority for cancelling or modifying the sanction, as the case may be\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 8A<\/b><br><b>'If in any case, after the order sanctioning an advance from the Contingency Fund has been issued in accordance with Rule 7 and before action is taken in accordance with Rule 8, it is found that the advance sanctioned will remain wholly or partly unutilized, AN APPLICATION SHALL BE MADE TO THE SANCTIONING AUTHORITY FOR CANCELLING OR MODIFYING THE SANCTION, AS THE CASE MAY BE.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 550,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Advances sanctioned from the Contingency Fund to meet expenditure in excess of the provision for a service included in an Appropriation (Vote on Account) Act are to be resumed to the Fund\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"immediately on the passing of the Vote on Account itself\",\r\n      \"as soon as the Appropriation Act in respect of the expenditure on the service for the whole year, including the excess met from the advances, has been passed\",\r\n      \"at the close of the financial year in which the advance was made\",\r\n      \"only after the Comptroller and Auditor General has certified the excess\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 8B<\/b><br>Such advances <b>'shall be resumed to the Contingency Fund AS SOON AS THE APPROPRIATION ACT IN RESPECT OF THE EXPENDITURE ON THE SERVICE FOR THE WHOLE YEAR, INCLUDING THE EXCESS MET FROM THE ADVANCES FROM THE CONTINGENCY FUND, HAS BEEN PASSED'<\/b>. Since a Vote on Account covers only part of the year, resumption must await the full-year Appropriation Act.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 551,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"In an election year in which two Budgets are presented to Parliament, the advances from the Contingency Fund which are to be resumed as soon as the Appropriation Act for the whole year has been passed include\\n1. advances sanctioned during the period between the presentation of the first and the second Budgets.\\n2. advances sanctioned during the period between the presentation of the second Budget and the passing of the connected Appropriation Act.\\n3. advances outstanding at the end of the preceding financial year, being advances the estimates for which are included in the second Budget.\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 8C \u2013 The Election Year Rule<\/b><br>All three categories are covered. Rule 8C brings together advances sanctioned in either of the two intervening periods <b>to meet expenditure on a service not included in an Appropriation (Vote on Account) Act<\/b>, as well as <b>advances outstanding at the end of the preceding financial year whose estimates are included in the second Budget<\/b>, and requires all of them to be resumed as soon as the Appropriation Act for the whole year has been passed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 552,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"The explanation regarding an advance from the Contingency Fund and its recoupment is required to be incorporated in the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Detailed Demands for Grants alone\",\r\n      \"Appropriation Accounts of the year\",\r\n      \"'Notes on Demands for Grants', and wherever required the case is included in the statement of 'New Service'\/'New Instrument of Service' appended at the end of the demands\",\r\n      \"Receipts Budget, Part B\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Note to Rule 8C<\/b><br><b>'A suitable explanation regarding the advance and the recoupment thereof shall be incorporated in the \\\"NOTES ON DEMANDS FOR GRANTS\\\". WHEREVER REQUIRED, SUCH A CASE WILL BE INCLUDED IN THE STATEMENT OF 'NEW SERVICE'\/'NEW INSTRUMENT OF SERVICE' APPENDED AT THE END OF THE DEMANDS.'<\/b> The disclosure therefore runs on two tracks \u2014 narrative in the Notes on Demands, and formal in the NS\/NIS statement.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 553,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"The order resuming an advance from the Contingency Fund is required to give a reference to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the number and date of the order in which the original advance was made, and to the Supplementary Appropriation Act\",\r\n      \"the number and date of the original order only\",\r\n      \"the Supplementary Appropriation Act only\",\r\n      \"the relevant paragraph of the Notes on Demands for Grants\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 9<\/b><br>A copy of the order resuming the advance, <b>'which shall give a reference to THE NUMBER AND DATE OF THE ORDER IN WHICH THE ORIGINAL ADVANCE WAS MADE AND TO THE SUPPLEMENTARY APPROPRIATION ACT referred to in Rule 8'<\/b>, is forwarded by the Ministry of Finance and the Financial Officers concerned, in addition, to the Audit and Accounts Officers concerned.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 554,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"In addition to the Audit and Accounts Officers concerned, the Ministry of Finance is required to forward copies of orders resuming advances from the Contingency Fund to the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts and the Budget Division\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee and the Estimates Committee\",\r\n      \"Secretary, Department of Expenditure and the Financial Adviser concerned\",\r\n      \"Accountant General, Central Revenues, and the Director of Railways Audit if the matter pertains to the Railways\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 9 \u2013 Additional Copies<\/b><br><b>'In addition, the Ministry of Finance shall forward copies of such orders to the ACCOUNTANT GENERAL, CENTRAL REVENUES, AND THE DIRECTOR OF RAILWAYS AUDIT IF PERTAINING TO THE RAILWAYS.'<\/b> The Railways-specific endorsement is a survival of the period when the Railways had their own separate budget and audit arrangements.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 555,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"The account of the transactions of the Contingency Fund is maintained by the Ministry of Finance in\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Form GFR 4\",\r\n      \"Form 'A' annexed to the Contingency Fund of India Rules\",\r\n      \"the format prescribed in the Budget Circular\",\r\n      \"the Union Budget Information System only\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 10<\/b><br><b>'An account of the transactions of the Fund shall be maintained by the MINISTRY OF FINANCE IN FORM 'A' ANNEXED TO THESE RULES.'<\/b> Form GFR 4 is a different form altogether \u2014 the statement which ordinarily supports an application for re-appropriation of funds.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 556,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Actual expenditure incurred against advances from the Contingency Fund is required to be recorded in the account relating to that Fund\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"in consolidated form, without any break-up\",\r\n      \"only up to the minor head level\",\r\n      \"in the same details as it would have been shown if it had been paid out of the Consolidated Fund\",\r\n      \"only in the Appropriation Accounts of the following year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 11<\/b><br><b>'Actual expenditure incurred against advances from the Contingency Fund shall be recorded in the account relating to the Contingency Fund IN THE SAME DETAILS AS IT WOULD HAVE BEEN SHOWN IF IT HAD BEEN PAID OUT OF THE CONSOLIDATED FUND.'<\/b> The rule ensures that the temporary route through the Fund does not diminish the granularity of the accounting record.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 557,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Holds the Contingency Fund of India on behalf of the President\\nB. Authority to whom applications for advances are ordinarily made\\nC. Authority to whom applications for advances of new loans are made\\nD. Maintains the account of the transactions of the Fund in Form 'A'\\nList-II\\n1. Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Economic Affairs\\n2. Ministry of Finance\\n3. Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Expenditure\\n4. Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Machinery of the Rules<\/b><br>The Fund is <b>held<\/b> on behalf of the President by the Secretary, Ministry of Finance, <b>Department of Economic Affairs<\/b> (Rule 2); applications for advances are ordinarily made to the Secretary, <b>Department of Expenditure<\/b> (Rule 4); applications for advances of <b>new loans<\/b> go to the Secretary, <b>Department of Economic Affairs<\/b> (Rule 5); and the account in Form 'A' is maintained by the <b>Ministry of Finance<\/b> (Rule 10). Hence A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 558,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 11 \u2013 CONTINGENCY FUND OF INDIA RULES\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding the Contingency Fund of India Rules is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Once an advance has been sanctioned, the sanction cannot be cancelled or modified even if the advance remains unutilized\",\r\n      \"An advance may be made for expenditure on a new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement\",\r\n      \"Expenditure financed from an advance must be regularised through Supplementary Estimates unless the advance has been resumed to the Fund\",\r\n      \"Actual expenditure against an advance is recorded in the same details as if it had been paid out of the Consolidated Fund\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Rule 8A Permits Cancellation or Modification<\/b><br>Where it is found, after the sanction order has issued and before regularisation, that the advance will remain wholly or partly unutilized, <b>'AN APPLICATION SHALL BE MADE TO THE SANCTIONING AUTHORITY FOR CANCELLING OR MODIFYING THE SANCTION, AS THE CASE MAY BE'<\/b> \u2014 so option (c) is incorrect. The other three statements correctly reflect Rules 6, 8(1) and 11.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 559,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"All deposits under the small savings schemes are credited to the National Small Savings Fund, established in the Public Account of India with effect from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st April, 2004\",\r\n      \"11th November, 2011\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2016\",\r\n      \"1st April, 1999\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Establishment of the NSSF<\/b><br><b>'All Deposits under small savings schemes are credited to the National Small Savings Fund (NSSF), established in the Public Account of India WITH EFFECT FROM 1.4.1999. All withdrawals by the depositors are made out of the accumulations in the Fund.'<\/b> The other dates listed are milestones in the later history of the Fund \u2014 the Shyamala Gopinath Committee decisions of 11.11.2011 and the exclusion of most States from NSSF loans in FY 2016-17.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 560,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"For the purpose of determining a State's share under the small savings schemes, 'net collections' means\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"deposits received during the year\",\r\n      \"deposits minus withdrawals by subscribers\",\r\n      \"deposits minus the cost of collection\",\r\n      \"deposits minus interest credited to subscribers\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Meaning of Net Collections<\/b><br>The States' share is worked out on <b>'net collections (DEPOSITS MINUS WITHDRAWALS BY SUBSCRIBERS) schemes under each State and Union Territory (with legislature)'<\/b>. That share is advanced to the concerned State\/UT as investment in its special Securities, and the balance, if any, is invested in special Central Government Securities.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 561,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"Where, after advancing the States' share of net small savings collections, a balance remains in the National Small Savings Fund, that balance is invested in special Central Government Securities. Those securities\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"form part of the external debt of the Government of India\",\r\n      \"are held in the Contingency Fund of India\",\r\n      \"form part of the internal debt of the Government of India\",\r\n      \"are treated as non-debt capital receipts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Investment of the Balance<\/b><br>The States' share is advanced to the State or Union Territory as investment in its special Securities, <b>'and the balance if any, is invested in SPECIAL CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SECURITIES (FORMING PART OF THE INTERNAL DEBT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA)'<\/b>. The Fund's corpus is thus recycled into debt of the Union or of the States, not held idle.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 562,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"Reserve Funds in the Deposit Section of the accounts of the Union Government are created for specific and well defined purposes and are fed by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"contributions or grants from the Consolidated Fund of India, or from outside agencies\",\r\n      \"the Contingency Fund of India alone\",\r\n      \"market borrowings raised for the purpose\",\r\n      \"the cash balance of the Government at the close of each year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Reserves and Reserve Funds<\/b><br>There are a number of Reserve Funds in the Deposit Section of the accounts of the Union Government <b>'which have been created for specific and well defined purposes and are FED BY CONTRIBUTIONS OR GRANTS FROM THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA OR FROM OUTSIDE AGENCIES'<\/b>. The method of accounting differs according to the source, and three classes are distinguished for this purpose.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 563,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"A Fund is accumulated from grants made by another Government which has not reserved any control to itself over the expenditure. The expenditure from such a Fund is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"adjusted by direct debit to the Deposit head to which the grants were originally taken\",\r\n      \"shown only as a deduct entry under the Service head concerned\",\r\n      \"not brought into the accounts of the recipient Government at all\",\r\n      \"entered in the relevant Service head of expenditure, an equivalent amount being transferred to the corresponding Revenue head of account by debit to the Major or Minor Head to which the grants were originally taken\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Class 1 \u2013 Funds Accumulated from Grants Made by Another Government<\/b><br>Where the granting Government <b>has not reserved any control to itself<\/b>, the expenditure <b>'will be entered in the relevant SERVICE HEAD OF EXPENDITURE while an EQUIVALENT AMOUNT WILL BE TRANSFERRED TO THE CORRESPONDING REVENUE HEAD OF ACCOUNT BY DEBIT TO THE MAJOR\/MINOR HEAD TO WHICH THE GRANTS WERE ORIGINALLY TAKEN'<\/b>. Where the granting Government does wish to retain some measure of control, the procedure of the third class applies instead.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 564,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of a Reserve Fund fed by the Consolidated Fund of India, the amounts voted by the legislature for transfer to the Fund are taken to the Deposit head reserved for the purpose. As regards expenditure from the Fund,\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a second vote of the legislature is necessary before the money can be spent\",\r\n      \"a second vote is not necessary, but in order to bring the expenditure into the Appropriation Accounts it is accounted for under the relevant Service head, an equivalent amount being transferred from the Deposit head and shown as a deduct entry under the Service head\",\r\n      \"the expenditure is always adjusted by direct debit from the Fund\",\r\n      \"the expenditure is shown only in the Finance Accounts and not in the Appropriation Accounts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Class 2 \u2013 Reserve Funds Fed by the Consolidated Fund of India<\/b><br><b>'A SECOND VOTE FOR THE EXPENDITURE FROM THE FUND IS NOT NECESSARY but in order to bring the expenditure from the fund into the APPROPRIATION ACCOUNTS, it should be accounted for under the relevant Service head and an equivalent amount transferred from the Deposit head concerned and SHOWN AS A DEDUCT ENTRY UNDER THE SERVICE HEAD concerned.'<\/b> Direct debit from the fund is permitted only <b>where the legislature does not desire to retain any detailed control<\/b> over the expenditure.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 565,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"A Fund is fed by grants from an outside agency which retains control over the expenditure from the grants made by it. The expenditure from such a Fund is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"entered under the relevant Service Major Head, an equivalent amount being transferred to the corresponding Revenue head by debit to the Deposit head\",\r\n      \"shown as a deduct entry under the Service head concerned\",\r\n      \"adjusted directly against the Deposit head under which the grants have been credited\",\r\n      \"voted afresh by the legislature before it can be incurred\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Class 3 \u2013 Funds Fed by Grants by Outside Agencies<\/b><br><b>'In cases where OUTSIDE AGENCIES RETAIN CONTROL over expenditure from the grants made by them, the expenditure from these funds is ADJUSTED DIRECTLY AGAINST THE DEPOSIT HEAD under which the grants have been credited. IF THE OUTSIDE AGENCIES EXERCISE NO SUCH CONTROL, then the expenditure will be entered under the relevant Service Major Head while an equivalent amount will be transferred to the corresponding Revenue head of account by debit to the Deposit head.'<\/b> The presence or absence of donor control thus determines the treatment.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 566,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"The principles and procedures prescribed for the three classes of Reserve Funds\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"do not apply to certain Reserve Funds which are governed by special arrangements\",\r\n      \"apply to all Reserve Funds without exception\",\r\n      \"apply only to Reserve Funds bearing interest\",\r\n      \"apply only to Reserve Funds fed by the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Saving Clause<\/b><br>After setting out the treatment of the three classes, the guidelines add: <b>'These principles and procedures DO NOT APPLY TO CERTAIN RESERVE FUNDS, WHICH ARE GOVERNED BY SPECIAL ARRANGEMENTS.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 567,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"Before moneys received are credited as deposits in the Public Account, it must be satisfied that they can properly be so credited by virtue of statutory provision or general or special orders of Government. The reason given is that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"deposits attract interest at prescribed rates\",\r\n      \"the Comptroller and Auditor General does not audit deposit heads\",\r\n      \"deposits cannot be carried over from one year to the next\",\r\n      \"no item should be credited as deposit which should otherwise be credited as revenue receipt or in reduction of ordinary expenditure of the Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Deposits \u2013 The Governing Caution<\/b><br>In the case of moneys received to be held as deposits with Government, it must be satisfied that they can properly be credited to the Public Account by virtue of statutory provision or general or special orders of Government, <b>'SINCE NO ITEM SHOULD BE CREDITED AS DEPOSIT WHICH SHOULD OTHERWISE BE CREDITED AS REVENUE RECEIPT OR IN REDUCTION OF ORDINARY EXPENDITURE OF THE GOVERNMENT'<\/b>. Misclassification would understate the revenues of the year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 568,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"A deposit in the Public Account remains unclaimed for the period prescribed by Government. It is required to be\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"carried over indefinitely until claimed\",\r\n      \"duly credited as revenue receipts of the Government\",\r\n      \"transferred to the Contingency Fund of India\",\r\n      \"written off with the approval of the Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Unclaimed Deposits<\/b><br>It has to be ensured that the balances in deposit accounts are correctly carried over from year to year, and <b>'that any deposit remaining UNCLAIMED FOR SUCH PERIOD AS MAY BE PRESCRIBED BY GOVERNMENT ARE DULY CREDITED AS REVENUE RECEIPTS OF THE GOVERNMENT'<\/b>. The deposit head is therefore not a permanent resting place for money that is never claimed.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 569,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"In respect of loans and advances made by Government to public and quasi-public bodies and to individuals, the Accounts Officers are required to\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"sanction the loan only after obtaining the concurrence of the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"write off any loan which remains unpaid at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"see that the conditions of repayment of a loan or advance are complied with by the debtor, and exercise a close watch over repayment of principal and realization of interest\",\r\n      \"credit the recoveries to the Contingency Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Advances<\/b><br>Government occasionally makes loans and advances to public and quasi-public bodies and to individuals, some under special laws and others for special reasons or as a matter of recognized policy. <b>'The Accounts officers are required to SEE THAT THE CONDITIONS OF REPAYMENT of a loan or advance ARE COMPLIED WITH BY THE DEBTOR and should exercise a CLOSE WATCH OVER REPAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL AND REALIZATION OF INTEREST, if any.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 570,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"With regard to the use of Suspense heads, the guidelines provide that\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"unless otherwise provided for by rules, the use of Suspense heads for provisional adjustment of transactions ultimately adjustable under ordinary Revenue and Service heads should be avoided\",\r\n      \"Suspense heads should be freely used for the provisional adjustment of transactions ultimately adjustable under ordinary Revenue and Service heads\",\r\n      \"Suspense heads may be used only with the prior approval of the Comptroller and Auditor General\",\r\n      \"Suspense heads may be used only in respect of works expenditure\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Suspense and Miscellaneous Accounts<\/b><br>Under Suspense heads are recorded all such transactions as are ultimately removed either by payment or recovery in cash or by book adjustments. <b>'UNLESS OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR BY RULES, THE USE OF SUSPENSE HEADS FOR PROVISIONAL ADJUSTMENT OF TRANSACTIONS ULTIMATELY ADJUSTABLE UNDER ORDINARY REVENUE AND SERVICE HEADS SHOULD BE AVOIDED.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 571,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"In relation to Suspense heads, the accounting authorities are required to ensure that\\n1. the unadjusted balance under these heads continues to represent bonafide assets or liabilities of Government capable of being realized or settled.\\n2. satisfactory action towards such realization or settlement is being taken by the officers responsible.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements is\/are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 only\",\r\n      \"2 only\",\r\n      \"Both 1 and 2\",\r\n      \"Neither 1 nor 2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Two Assurances Required<\/b><br>Both are required: <b>'(1) That the unadjusted balance under these heads continue to represent BONAFIDE ASSETS OR LIABILITIES OF GOVERNMENT CAPABLE OF BEING REALIZED OR SETTLED, as the case may be, and (2) That the SATISFACTORY ACTION TOWARDS SUCH REALIZATION OR SETTLEMENT IS BEING TAKEN by officers responsible therefore.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 572,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"All balances under suspense heads are required to be reviewed at short intervals, and the rules applicable to each case for securing that no item remains unadjusted longer than is reasonably necessary are prescribed by the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Comptroller and Auditor General in consultation with the Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"Budget Division in consultation with the Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"Financial Adviser of the Ministry concerned\",\r\n      \"Controller General of Accounts in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor General\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Review of Suspense Balances<\/b><br>All balances under suspense heads must be reviewed at short intervals, and in reviewing the balances it should be secured that no item remains unadjusted longer than is reasonably necessary to bring about its clearance in the ordinary course, with due regard to <b>'the rules applicable to each case, as PRESCRIBED BY THE CONTROLLER GENERAL OF ACCOUNTS IN CONSULTATION WITH THE C&amp;AG'<\/b> \u2014 note the order of the two authorities.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 573,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of Remittance transactions, debits and credits are cleared either by receipt or payment in cash, or by book adjustment under the relevant Service or Revenue heads of account, or\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"by transfer to the Contingency Fund of India\",\r\n      \"by being paired off by corresponding credits or debits within the same or in another accounting circle\",\r\n      \"by write-off at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"by adjustment against the cash balance of the Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Remittances<\/b><br>In the case of Remittance transactions, it should be seen that debits and credits are cleared either by receipt or payment in cash or by book adjustment under the relevant Service or Revenue heads of accounts, <b>'or are PAIRED OFF BY CORRESPONDING CREDITS OR DEBITS WITHIN THE SAME OR IN ANOTHER ACCOUNTING CIRCLE'<\/b>. This pairing-off is what distinguishes remittance heads from suspense heads.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 574,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"An important part of the accounting responsibility in respect of Remittance transactions is the scrutiny of balances\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"once a year, at the time of the closing of accounts\",\r\n      \"at the time of the mid-year review only\",\r\n      \"from month to month, in order to effect their early clearance and to determine the accuracy of the outstandings at the end of the year\",\r\n      \"whenever the Comptroller and Auditor General so directs\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Scrutiny of Remittance Balances<\/b><br><b>'An important part of the accounting responsibility is the SCRUTINY OF BALANCES FROM MONTH TO MONTH in order to effect their EARLY CLEARANCE and to determine the ACCURACY OF THE OUTSTANDINGS AT THE END OF THE YEAR.'<\/b> The monthly rhythm here may be contrasted with the requirement for suspense balances, which are to be reviewed 'at short intervals'.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 575,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Funds accumulated from grants made by another Government which has reserved control to itself\\nB. Reserve Funds fed by the Consolidated Fund of India where the legislature does not desire detailed control over expenditure\\nC. Funds fed by grants by outside agencies which retain control over expenditure\\nD. Reserve Funds fed by the Consolidated Fund of India where the expenditure is to be brought into the Appropriation Accounts\\nList-II\\n1. Expenditure adjusted by direct debit from the fund\\n2. Expenditure accounted for under the relevant Service head, an equivalent amount transferred from the Deposit head and shown as a deduct entry\\n3. The procedure prescribed for funds fed by grants by outside agencies applies\\n4. Expenditure adjusted directly against the Deposit head under which the grants have been credited\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Three Classes of Reserve Funds and Their Variants<\/b><br>Where the granting Government <b>reserves control<\/b>, the procedure laid down for the third class applies; where a Fund is fed by the Consolidated Fund and the <b>legislature does not desire detailed control<\/b>, expenditure may be adjusted by <b>direct debit from the fund<\/b>; where an <b>outside agency retains control<\/b>, expenditure is adjusted <b>directly against the Deposit head<\/b>; and where the expenditure from a Consolidated Fund-fed Reserve Fund is to appear in the <b>Appropriation Accounts<\/b>, it is booked under the Service head with a matching <b>deduct entry<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 576,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 12 \u2013 DIVISIONS UNDER PUBLIC ACCOUNT\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the accounting guidelines relating to the Public Account is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Remittance balances are required to be scrutinised only at the close of the financial year\",\r\n      \"Balances in deposit accounts must be correctly carried over from year to year\",\r\n      \"Transactions recorded under Suspense heads are those ultimately removed either by payment or recovery in cash or by book adjustments\",\r\n      \"Accounts Officers must exercise a close watch over the repayment of principal and realization of interest on loans and advances\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Remittance Balances Are Scrutinised Monthly<\/b><br>The guidelines require the <b>scrutiny of remittance balances FROM MONTH TO MONTH<\/b> in order to effect their early clearance and to determine the accuracy of the outstandings at the end of the year \u2014 so option (c) understates the requirement. The other three statements correctly reflect the guidelines on deposits, suspense heads and advances.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 577,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Borrowing by the Government is a loan taken by it and falls under\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"revenue receipts\",\r\n      \"non-debt capital receipts\",\r\n      \"public account transactions\",\r\n      \"capital receipts\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Nature of Borrowing<\/b><br><b>'Borrowing is a loan taken by the government and FALLS UNDER CAPITAL RECEIPTS. Usually, Government borrows through issue of government securities called G-secs and Treasury Bills.'<\/b> Within capital receipts, borrowings are <b>debt<\/b> receipts \u2014 non-debt capital receipts comprise disinvestment and repayment of loans.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 578,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"A Government Security with an original maturity of one year or more is described as\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"a Treasury Bill\",\r\n      \"a Government bond or dated security\",\r\n      \"a Cash Management Bill\",\r\n      \"a money market instrument\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Short Term and Long Term Government Securities<\/b><br>A G-Sec is a tradable instrument issued by Government acknowledging its debt obligation. Such securities are <b>short term \u2014 usually called TREASURY BILLS, with original maturities of LESS THAN ONE YEAR \u2014 or long term, usually called GOVERNMENT BONDS OR DATED SECURITIES, with original maturity of ONE YEAR OR MORE<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 579,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The predominant instruments used for financing the fiscal deficit are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Treasury Bills\",\r\n      \"Cash Management Bills\",\r\n      \"dated securities\",\r\n      \"ways and means advances from the Reserve Bank of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Financing the Fiscal Deficit<\/b><br>Funds are mobilised by the Government to meet its fiscal needs in the form of debt receipts as capital receipts, and <b>'DATED SECURITIES ARE THE PREDOMINANT INSTRUMENTS USED FOR FINANCING FISCAL DEFICIT'<\/b>. Treasury Bills, by contrast, are issued to bridge the temporary gap between receipts and payments.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 580,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Dated securities are issued through auctions as per issuance calendars covering\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the two half-years April-September and October-March\",\r\n      \"the four quarters of the financial year\",\r\n      \"each month of the financial year\",\r\n      \"the whole financial year in a single calendar\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Half-Yearly Issuance Calendars<\/b><br>Dated securities <b>'are issued through auctions as per TWO HALF-YEARLY ISSUANCE CALENDARS COVERING THE PERIOD APRIL-SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER-MARCH, respectively, in every financial year'<\/b>. The size of borrowing through Treasury Bills, by contrast, is decided on a <b>quarterly<\/b> basis.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 581,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The auctions of Government securities are conducted by the Reserve Bank of India on its electronic platform called\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Negotiated Dealing System\",\r\n      \"the Public Financial Management System\",\r\n      \"the Union Budget Information System\",\r\n      \"E-Kuber, the Core Banking Solution\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Auction Platform<\/b><br><b>'The Auctions are conducted by RBI on its electronic platform called the E-KUBER, THE CORE BANKING SOLUTION (CBS).'<\/b> The Public Financial Management System and the Union Budget Information System are Government of India systems used for expenditure and budget processing respectively, not for debt auctions.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 582,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The quantum of Government borrowing is decided in the meetings of the High Level Monitoring Group on Cash and Debt Management, which are held\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"at quarterly intervals, in March, June, September and December\",\r\n      \"at half yearly intervals, in the months of March and September, that is, before the beginning of the first and the second halves of the financial year\",\r\n      \"monthly, before the weekly borrowing notification is released\",\r\n      \"annually, in the month of February, along with the Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The MGCDM Meetings<\/b><br><b>'The quantum of borrowing is decided in the meetings of the HIGH LEVEL MONITORING GROUP ON CASH AND DEBT MANAGEMENT (MGCDM) of the Central Government held at HALF YEARLY INTERVALS IN THE MONTH OF MARCH AND SEPTEMBER, i.e. BEFORE BEGINNING OF THE H1 AND H2 of the financial year.'<\/b> The timing thus corresponds exactly to the two half-yearly issuance calendars.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 583,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The Indicative Market Borrowing calendar is released\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"by the Reserve Bank of India alone\",\r\n      \"by the Budget Division alone, through the e-gazette portal\",\r\n      \"simultaneously by the Reserve Bank of India and the Government\",\r\n      \"by the Public Debt Management Cell alone\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Release of the Borrowing Calendar<\/b><br>Based on the deliberations of the MGCDM, <b>'an Indicative Market Borrowing calendar is released SIMULTANEOUSLY BY RBI AND THE GOVERNMENT with an objective to MAINTAIN TRANSPARENCY &amp; KEEP THE MARKET PARTICIPANTS WELL INFORMED BEFOREHAND and to take them on board for the success of the Government's borrowing programme'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 584,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Under the borrowing calendar, the borrowing is equated in weekly tranches and spread under tenors of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 30 and 40 years\",\r\n      \"5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 years\",\r\n      \"1, 3, 5, 10 and 20 years\",\r\n      \"91 days, 182 days and 364 days\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Tenors of Dated Securities<\/b><br><b>'The borrowing is equated in WEEKLY TRANCHES and be spread under 2\/5\/7\/10\/14\/30 AND 40 YEAR TENORS.'<\/b> The tenors of 91, 182 and 364 days belong to Treasury Bills, which are a distinct class of instrument.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 585,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"A yield-based auction, as distinguished from a price-based auction, is conducted when\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"an existing security is reissued\",\r\n      \"the auction is for Treasury Bills\",\r\n      \"the greenshoe option is exercised\",\r\n      \"a new Government Security is introduced\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Yield-based versus Price-based Auctions<\/b><br>The rates are either fixed or floating and the auction is on a yield or price basis; <b>'YIELD-BASED AUCTION IS CONDUCTED WHEN A NEW G-SEC IS INTRODUCED.'<\/b> Where an existing security is reissued, its coupon is already fixed, so the auction proceeds on the basis of price.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 586,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The selection of securities for inclusion in the weekly borrowing notification is proposed or recommended by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Budget Division and the Department of Expenditure\",\r\n      \"the Public Debt Management Cell and the Reserve Bank of India\",\r\n      \"the Controller General of Accounts\",\r\n      \"the High Level Monitoring Group on Cash and Debt Management\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Security Selection<\/b><br><b>'Subsequently, based on the Market borrowings calendar, PDMC AND RBI PROPOSE\/RECOMMEND THE SECURITY SELECTION FOR INCLUSION IN THE WEEKLY BORROWING NOTIFICATION.'<\/b> The MGCDM's role is at the earlier stage, in deciding the quantum of borrowing for the half-year.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 587,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The weekly borrowing notification in respect of Government securities is released after obtaining the approval of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs\",\r\n      \"the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India\",\r\n      \"the Joint Secretary (Budget)\",\r\n      \"the Minister of State (Finance)\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Approval for the Weekly Notification<\/b><br><b>'The Notification is released after obtaining the approval of the JS(BUDGET), after the market hours on every Monday.'<\/b> The Minister of State (Finance) figures at a different point \u2014 his approval is taken for the laying of the annual Statement on Market Borrowing in Parliament.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 588,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of Government securities, the weekly notification is released and the auction is conducted respectively on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"every Monday after market hours, and every Friday\",\r\n      \"every Friday, and every Wednesday\",\r\n      \"every Monday, and every Wednesday\",\r\n      \"every Wednesday, and every Friday\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The G-Sec Weekly Cycle<\/b><br>The notification for Government securities <b>'is released after obtaining the approval of the JS(Budget), AFTER THE MARKET HOURS ON EVERY MONDAY, subject to preponement\/postponement in case of falling of a holiday on the scheduled day'<\/b>, and <b>'the AUCTION IS CONDUCTED ON EVERY FRIDAY and the result is posted on RBI's Website'<\/b>. This is to be distinguished carefully from the Treasury Bill cycle, in which the notification is released on Friday and the auction conducted on Wednesday.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 589,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Simultaneously with the release of the weekly borrowing notification, a press communiqu\u00e9 is released by\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the Press Information Bureau alone\",\r\n      \"the Public Debt Management Cell alone\",\r\n      \"the Government Press through the e-gazette portal\",\r\n      \"the Reserve Bank of India and the Budget Division (Ways and Means Section), by uploading it on their websites\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Publicity of the Notification<\/b><br><b>'Simultaneously a press communiqu\u00e9 is released by RBI AND BUDGET DIVISION (W&amp;M SECTION) BY UPLOADING OF THE SAME ON THEIR WEBSITES.'<\/b> Separately, <b>'the Notification is sent with DIGITAL SIGNATURE TO GOVERNMENT PRESS THROUGH E-GAZETTE PORTAL for publication in the Gazette of India'<\/b> \u2014 the two are distinct channels.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 590,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The switch and buyback of its own securities is carried out by the Government in consultation with the Reserve Bank of India with the objective of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"reducing the interest rate payable on outstanding securities\",\r\n      \"easing out the redemption pressure in the following years\",\r\n      \"increasing the market capitalization of Government securities\",\r\n      \"meeting temporary mismatches in the cash flow of the Government\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Switch and Buyback<\/b><br><b>'The Government in consultation with RBI also carries out the SWITCH AND BUYBACK of own securities with an objective TO EASE OUT THE REDEMPTION PRESSURE IN THE FOLLOWING YEARS.'<\/b> Meeting temporary mismatches in cash flow is the purpose of Cash Management Bills, a different instrument altogether. The auctions for switch and buyback are conducted by the RBI in the <b>3rd or 4th weeks of the month<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 591,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Under the greenshoe option, the Government may retain an additional subscription of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"rupees 1,000 crore against each security indicated in the auction\",\r\n      \"rupees 2,000 crore in the aggregate for all securities in an auction\",\r\n      \"rupees 2,000 crore against each security indicated in the auction\",\r\n      \"rupees 5,000 crore against each security indicated in the auction\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Greenshoe Option<\/b><br><b>'The Government has also an option to exercise GREENSHOE OPTION TO RETAIN AN ADDITIONAL SUBSCRIPTION OF \u20b92,000 CRORE AGAINST EACH SECURITY INDICATED IN THE AUCTION ON THE ADVICE OF RBI.'<\/b> Note that the limit operates per security, not per auction, and that its exercise is on the advice of the Reserve Bank.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 592,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Treasury Bills are presently issued in which of the following tenors?\\n1. 91 day\\n2. 182 day\\n3. 270 day\\n4. 364 day\\n\\nSelect the correct answer using the code given below:\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 4 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2, 3 and 4\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Tenors of Treasury Bills<\/b><br>Treasury Bills <b>'are presently issued in THREE TENORS, namely, 91 DAY, 182 DAY AND 364 DAY'<\/b>. There is no 270-day Treasury Bill. Instruments of maturity <b>less than 91 days<\/b> are issued as Cash Management Bills.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 593,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding Treasury Bills:\\n1. They are money market instruments issued to bridge the gap between receipts and payments.\\n2. They are zero coupon securities and pay no interest.\\n3. They are issued at a discount and redeemed at the face value at maturity.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Characteristics of Treasury Bills<\/b><br>All three are correct: <b>'Treasury bills or T-bills, which are MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS, are short term debt instruments issued by the Government of India TO BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS ... Treasury bills are ZERO COUPON SECURITIES AND PAY NO INTEREST. They are ISSUED AT A DISCOUNT AND REDEEMED AT THE FACE VALUE AT MATURITY.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 594,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The size of borrowing through the issuance of Treasury Bills is decided\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"on a quarterly basis, a press release being issued by the Reserve Bank of India after obtaining the Government's approval\",\r\n      \"on a half-yearly basis, along with the dated securities calendar\",\r\n      \"weekly, at the time of the notification\",\r\n      \"annually, at the time of the Budget\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Quantum of Treasury Bill Issuance<\/b><br><b>'The size of borrowing through T bills issuance is decided on QUARTERLY BASIS and press release is issued by RBI AFTER OBTAINING THE GOVERNMENT'S APPROVAL.'<\/b> This is to be contrasted with dated securities, whose quantum is settled half-yearly by the MGCDM and released through the Indicative Market Borrowing calendar.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 595,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"In the case of Treasury Bills, the notification is released and the auction is conducted respectively on\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"every Monday after market hours, and every Friday\",\r\n      \"every Wednesday, and every Friday\",\r\n      \"every Monday, and every Wednesday\",\r\n      \"every Friday, and every Wednesday\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Treasury Bill Weekly Cycle<\/b><br><b>'Notification for T bills is RELEASED BY RBI ON EVERY FRIDAY and the AUCTION IS CONDUCTED ON EVERY WEDNESDAY, subject to preponement\/postponement in case of falling of a holiday on the scheduled day.'<\/b> The dated securities cycle runs the other way \u2014 notification on Monday after market hours, auction on Friday.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 596,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Cash Management Bills, also known as non-standard Treasury Bills, were introduced to meet the temporary mismatches in the cash flow of the Government of India. They have the generic character of Treasury Bills but are issued for maturities\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"of one year or more\",\r\n      \"less than 91 days\",\r\n      \"between 91 days and 182 days\",\r\n      \"of exactly 364 days\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Cash Management Bills<\/b><br><b>'Government of India, in consultation with RBI, had introduced a new short-term instrument, known as CASH MANAGEMENT BILLS (CMBs) or NON-STANDARD T BILLS, to meet the TEMPORARY MISMATCHES IN THE CASH FLOW of the Government of India. The CMBs have the GENERIC CHARACTER OF T-BILLS BUT ARE ISSUED FOR MATURITIES LESS THAN 91 DAYS.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 597,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"The annual laying of the Statement on Market Borrowing in both Houses of Parliament is in pursuance of the recommendations of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Estimates Committee in its 2nd Report\",\r\n      \"Shyamala Gopinath Committee on Comprehensive Review of the National Small Savings Fund\",\r\n      \"Public Accounts Committee (3rd Lok Sabha) in their 2nd Report\",\r\n      \"High Level Monitoring Group on Cash and Debt Management\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Origin of the Statement on Market Borrowing<\/b><br><b>'In pursuance of the recommendations of the PUBLIC ACCOUNTS COMMITTEE (3RD LOK SABHA) IN THEIR 2ND REPORT, the statement on Market Borrowing for previous year is laid in both Houses of the Parliament annually in the MONSOON SESSION.'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 598,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the Statement on Market Borrowing laid in Parliament:\\n1. It is laid annually in the monsoon session and relates to the previous year.\\n2. Before it is laid, vetting is sought from the Reserve Bank of India.\\n3. Once the Reserve Bank vets the data, the statements are submitted for the approval of the Minister of State (Finance) for laying in Parliament.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Procedure for Laying the Statement<\/b><br>All three are correct: the statement on Market Borrowing <b>for the previous year is laid in both Houses annually in the MONSOON SESSION; before laying, VETTING IS SOUGHT FROM RBI; and once RBI vets the data, the statements are submitted for the APPROVAL OF MOS (FINANCE) for laying in the Parliament<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 599,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Decides the quantum of borrowing, meeting half yearly in March and September\\nB. Proposes or recommends the security selection for the weekly borrowing notification\\nC. Approves the release of the weekly borrowing notification\\nD. Approves the laying of the annual Statement on Market Borrowing in Parliament\\nList-II\\n1. Joint Secretary (Budget)\\n2. Minister of State (Finance)\\n3. High Level Monitoring Group on Cash and Debt Management\\n4. Public Debt Management Cell and the Reserve Bank of India\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Who Does What in the Borrowing Cycle<\/b><br>The <b>MGCDM<\/b> decides the quantum of borrowing at its half-yearly meetings in March and September; <b>PDMC and RBI<\/b> propose the security selection for the weekly notification; the notification is released after the approval of the <b>JS(Budget)<\/b>; and the annual Statement on Market Borrowing is laid after the approval of the <b>MOS (Finance)<\/b>. Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 600,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 13 \u2013 BORROWING CALENDAR AND PERIODICAL NOTIFICATIONS\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements regarding Government borrowing is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Cash Management Bills are issued for maturities of 91 days or more\",\r\n      \"Dated securities have an original maturity of one year or more\",\r\n      \"Treasury Bills are issued at a discount and redeemed at face value at maturity\",\r\n      \"The greenshoe option permits retention of an additional subscription of rupees 2,000 crore against each security\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Maturity of Cash Management Bills<\/b><br>Cash Management Bills have the generic character of Treasury Bills <b>'but are issued for MATURITIES LESS THAN 91 DAYS'<\/b> \u2014 that being precisely what makes them 'non-standard'. The other three statements correctly reflect the position on dated securities, Treasury Bills and the greenshoe option.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 601,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"The small savings schemes of the Government of India are\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"administered by the Reserve Bank of India and operated through scheduled commercial banks\",\r\n      \"administered by the Department of Posts and operated only through Post Offices\",\r\n      \"administered by the State Governments within their respective territorial jurisdictions\",\r\n      \"directly administered by the Ministry of Finance and operated through the countrywide network of Post Offices and select bank branches\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Administration of the Small Savings Schemes<\/b><br>The Government of India has a basket of savings schemes which cater to the needs of small savers. <b>'These schemes are DIRECTLY ADMINISTERED BY THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE in Government of India and are OPERATED THROUGH THE COUNTRYWIDE NETWORK OF POST OFFICES AND SELECT BANK BRANCHES.'<\/b> The net proceeds are invested in Central and State Government securities through loans extended to them at pre-prescribed interest rates.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 602,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"The small savings schemes were introduced at different points of time starting from the year\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1935\",\r\n      \"1873\",\r\n      \"1950\",\r\n      \"1999\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Antiquity of the Schemes<\/b><br>The schemes <b>'were introduced at different points of time STARTING FROM 1873 to develop the habit of thrift in people, cater to the savings requirements of specific sections of the population and generate resources for investment by Government in the country's development'<\/b>. The year 1999 is the date on which the NSSF itself was set up in the Public Account.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 603,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"The number of small savings schemes currently in operation is\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"eight\",\r\n      \"ten\",\r\n      \"twelve\",\r\n      \"fifteen\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Number of Schemes<\/b><br>The Small Savings Schemes include the Sukanya Samriddhi Account Scheme, Post Office Savings Accounts, Time Deposits, Recurring Deposit, Kisan Vikas Patra, Senior Citizens' Savings Scheme and Public Provident Fund, among others; <b>'CURRENTLY, TWELVE SUCH SCHEMES ARE OPERATING'<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 604,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"The rate of interest on small savings schemes has technically been aligned with\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"G-Sec rates of similar maturity, and is reviewed quarterly\",\r\n      \"the repo rate of the Reserve Bank of India, and is reviewed annually\",\r\n      \"the average bank deposit rate, and is reviewed half-yearly\",\r\n      \"the inflation rate, and is reviewed monthly\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Interest Rate Alignment<\/b><br><b>'The rate of interest on small savings schemes has technically been ALIGNED WITH G-SEC RATES OF SIMILAR MATURITY AND ARE REVIEWED QUARTERLY.'<\/b> Both limbs of this statement are examinable \u2014 the benchmark and the frequency of review.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 605,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"Till 31st March 1999, the share of the States in the net proceeds of the Government savings schemes was passed on to them\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"through the National Small Savings Fund in the Public Account\",\r\n      \"as a grant-in-aid charged on the Consolidated Fund of India\",\r\n      \"as an investment in the special securities of the State Governments\",\r\n      \"as a loan from the Government of India directly from the Consolidated Fund of India\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Position before 1.4.1999<\/b><br><b>'Till 31.03.1999, the share of States in the net proceeds of these Government Saving Schemes was being passed on to them AS LOAN FROM GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DIRECTLY FROM THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA. After 1.04.1999, the same was done through a Public Account Fund called National Small Savings Fund (NSSF).'<\/b>\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 606,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"The National Small Savings Fund was set up on the recommendations of the\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Shyamala Gopinath Committee\",\r\n      \"R V Gupta Committee\",\r\n      \"L K Jha Committee\",\r\n      \"High Level Monitoring Group on Cash and Debt Management\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Origin of the NSSF<\/b><br>After 1.04.1999 the States' share was routed through a Public Account Fund called the National Small Savings Fund, <b>'set up on the recommendations of the R V GUPTA COMMITTEE (1999)'<\/b>. The Shyamala Gopinath Committee came later, and conducted the Comprehensive Review of the National Small Savings Fund on whose recommendations decisions were taken after 11.11.2011.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 607,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"Following the decisions taken on the recommendations of the Shyamala Gopinath Committee after 11th November 2011, State Governments were allowed to take loans from the net small savings collections realized from within their territorial jurisdiction to the extent of\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"100 per cent in every case\",\r\n      \"50 per cent in every case\",\r\n      \"either 50 per cent or 100 per cent\",\r\n      \"such percentage as the Reserve Bank of India might determine\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The 2011 Dispensation<\/b><br><b>'After 11.11.2011, as per the decisions taken on the recommendations of the SHYAMALA GOPINATH COMMITTEE ON COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND, State Governments were allowed to take loans (EITHER 50% OR 100%) from net small savings collections realized from within their territorial jurisdiction.'<\/b> The choice between the two proportions rested with the State.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 608,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"For the purposes of the arrangement introduced after 11th November 2011, 'surpluses' in the National Small Savings Fund meant\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"the balance cash of the previous financial year plus the amount received on redemption of Central and State Government securities\",\r\n      \"the excess of deposits over withdrawals during the year\",\r\n      \"the interest earned on investments during the year\",\r\n      \"the amount not lent to the States during the year\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Meaning of Surpluses<\/b><br><b>'SURPLUSES (BALANCE CASH OF PREVIOUS FINANCIAL YEAR PLUS AMOUNT RECEIVED ON REDEMPTION OF CENTRAL AND STATE GOVERNMENT SECURITIES) in the NSSF were INVESTED EQUALLY BETWEEN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND THE STATE GOVERNMENT SECURITIES.'<\/b> The definition thus reaches back to the previous year's closing cash and adds redemption proceeds.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 609,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"Under the arrangement obtaining after 11th November 2011, surpluses in the National Small Savings Fund were invested\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"wholly in Central Government securities\",\r\n      \"wholly in State Government securities\",\r\n      \"in public agencies such as the Food Corporation of India\",\r\n      \"equally between Central Government and State Government securities\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 3,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Investment of Surpluses<\/b><br>Surpluses in the NSSF <b>'were INVESTED EQUALLY BETWEEN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND THE STATE GOVERNMENT SECURITIES'<\/b>. Investment in public agencies such as the Food Corporation of India is a feature of the later dispensation, from FY 2016-17, when most States were excluded from NSSF loans.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 610,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"From the financial year 2016-17, based on the approval of the Union Cabinet, all States and Union Territories with legislature were excluded from loans of the National Small Savings Fund except\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"Madhya Pradesh, Kerala and the National Capital Territory of Delhi\",\r\n      \"Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala and the National Capital Territory of Delhi\",\r\n      \"Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Kerala\",\r\n      \"Kerala, Karnataka and the National Capital Territory of Delhi\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 1,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The 2016-17 Exclusion<\/b><br><b>'From FY 2016-17, based on approval of Union Cabinet, ALL STATES AND UTs (WITH LEGISLATURE) EXCEPT ARUNACHAL PRADESH, MADHYA PRADESH, KERALA AND NCT OF DELHI were excluded from loans of NSSF, and NSSF corpus is being invested in various Public Agencies like Food Corporation of India, etc.'<\/b> Four entities were thus initially retained; the number fell to three only later.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 611,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"The Government of Arunachal Pradesh opted out from the operation of the National Small Savings Fund with effect from\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1st April, 2016\",\r\n      \"11th November, 2011\",\r\n      \"1st April, 2022\",\r\n      \"1st April, 1999\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 2,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Latest Change<\/b><br><b>'From 01.04.2022, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh has opted out from the operation of NSSF and currently, NSSF loan is being extended to only THREE STATES\/UT i.e. MADHYA PRADESH, KERALA AND NCT OF DELHI.'<\/b> The number of eligible entities therefore fell from four to three on that date.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 612,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"Consider the following statements regarding the National Small Savings Fund:\\n1. From FY 2016-17 the NSSF corpus is being invested in various public agencies such as the Food Corporation of India.\\n2. NSSF loans are currently extended to only three States or Union Territories.\\n3. The three are Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Kerala.\\n\\nWhich of the above statements are correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"1 and 2 only\",\r\n      \"2 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1 and 3 only\",\r\n      \"1, 2 and 3\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Current Position<\/b><br>Statements 1 and 2 are correct \u2705\u2705. Statement 3 is incorrect: <b>Arunachal Pradesh OPTED OUT with effect from 01.04.2022<\/b>, and the three to which NSSF loans are currently extended are <b>MADHYA PRADESH, KERALA AND THE NCT OF DELHI<\/b>.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 613,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:\\nList-I\\nA. Share of States passed on as loan directly from the Consolidated Fund of India\\nB. Setting up of the National Small Savings Fund in the Public Account\\nC. States allowed to take loans of either 50 per cent or 100 per cent of net collections within their jurisdiction\\nD. Exclusion of most States and Union Territories from NSSF loans\\nList-II\\n1. From FY 2016-17\\n2. Till 31.03.1999\\n3. After 11.11.2011\\n4. After 1.04.1999\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3\",\r\n      \"A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1\",\r\n      \"A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>The Four Phases in the History of the NSSF<\/b><br><b>Till 31.03.1999<\/b> the States' share was passed on as a loan directly from the Consolidated Fund of India; <b>after 1.04.1999<\/b> it was routed through the NSSF set up in the Public Account on the recommendations of the R V Gupta Committee; <b>after 11.11.2011<\/b>, on the Shyamala Gopinath Committee's recommendations, States could take loans of either 50 or 100 per cent of net collections within their jurisdiction; and <b>from FY 2016-17<\/b> most States and UTs were excluded from NSSF loans. Hence A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1.\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    id: 614,\r\n    chapter: \"CH 8: ANNEXURE 14 \u2013 NATIONAL SMALL SAVINGS FUND\",\r\n    question: \"Which one of the following statements about the National Small Savings Fund is not correct?\",\r\n    options: [\r\n      \"The National Small Savings Fund was set up on the recommendations of the Shyamala Gopinath Committee\",\r\n      \"The net proceeds of the small savings schemes are invested in Central and State Government securities through loans extended at pre-prescribed interest rates\",\r\n      \"The schemes were introduced to develop the habit of thrift, cater to the savings requirements of specific sections of the population and generate resources for investment in the country's development\",\r\n      \"The rate of interest on small savings schemes is reviewed quarterly\"\r\n    ],\r\n    correct: 0,\r\n    explanation: \"<b>Distinguishing the Two Committees<\/b><br>The NSSF was set up in 1999 on the recommendations of the <b>R V GUPTA COMMITTEE<\/b>. The <b>SHYAMALA GOPINATH COMMITTEE<\/b> conducted the later Comprehensive Review of the NSSF, on whose recommendations decisions were taken after 11.11.2011 permitting States to take loans of either 50 or 100 per cent of net collections within their jurisdiction. The other three statements are correct.\"\r\n  }\r\n];\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   4. SANITISE + INDEX\r\n   One malformed row used to blank the whole widget. Bad rows are now\r\n   dropped with a console note; everything else still works.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction sanitise(list){\r\n  if(!Array.isArray(list)) return [];\r\n  const ok=[], bad=[];\r\n  list.forEach((q,i)=>{\r\n    const good = q && q.id!==undefined && typeof q.question==='string'\r\n      && Array.isArray(q.options) && q.options.length>=2\r\n      && Number.isInteger(q.correct) && q.correct>=0 && q.correct<q.options.length\r\n      && typeof q.chapter==='string' && q.chapter.length;\r\n    good ? ok.push(q) : bad.push({row:i, id:q&&q.id});\r\n  });\r\n  if(bad.length) console.warn('[chapter bank] skipped '+bad.length+' malformed question(s):', bad);\r\n  return ok;\r\n}\r\nconst QS = sanitise(chapterQuestions);\r\nconst CHAPTERS = [...new Set(QS.map(q=>q.chapter))];\r\nconst uid = q => q.chapter+'##'+q.id;\r\nconst BY_UID = new Map(QS.map(q=>[uid(q), q]));\r\nconst BY_CH  = (()=>{ const m=new Map(); QS.forEach(q=>{ if(!m.has(q.chapter)) m.set(q.chapter,[]); m.get(q.chapter).push(q); }); return m; })();\r\nconst inCh = c => BY_CH.get(c) || [];\r\nconst L = ['A','B','C','D','E','F'];\r\n\r\n\/* ---- chapter label helpers ---- *\/\r\nconst chShort = c => { const m=c.match(\/^CH\\s*(\\d+)\\s*:\/i); return m ? 'Ch '+m[1] : (c.length>26 ? c.slice(0,24).trim()+'\u2026' : c); };\r\n\/* chapters list in their own order \u2014 Ch 1..n, then Appendix 1..n, then anything\r\n   else alphabetically \u2014 never by score, so the list never shuffles under you *\/\r\nconst ROMAN = {i:1,ii:2,iii:3,iv:4,v:5,vi:6,vii:7,viii:8,ix:9,x:10,xi:11,xii:12};\r\nfunction chOrder(c){\r\n  const t=c.trim();\r\n  let m=t.match(\/^(?:CH|CHAPTER)\\s*[-\u2013]?\\s*(\\d+)\/i);\r\n  if(m) return [0, +m[1], t];\r\n  m=t.match(\/^APPENDIX\\s*[-\u2013]?\\s*([0-9]+|[ivxIVX]+)\\b\/i);\r\n  if(m){ const v=m[1]; return [1, \/^\\d+$\/.test(v) ? +v : (ROMAN[v.toLowerCase()]||99), t]; }\r\n  m=t.match(\/^(\\d+)\/);\r\n  if(m) return [0, +m[1], t];\r\n  return [2, 0, t];\r\n}\r\nfunction byChapterOrder(a,b){\r\n  const x=chOrder(a.chapter||a), y=chOrder(b.chapter||b);\r\n  return x[0]-y[0] || x[1]-y[1] || x[2].localeCompare(y[2]);\r\n}\r\n\/* a bank that stores chapter names in block capitals is softened for display *\/\r\nfunction titleCase(str){\r\n  const t=String(str);\r\n  const letters=t.replace(\/[^A-Za-z]\/g,'');\r\n  if(!letters || letters !== letters.toUpperCase()) return t;   \/\/ already mixed case, leave it\r\n  const small=new Set(['of','the','and','for','in','to','a','an','on','by','or','with','from','as','at','under']);\r\n  return t.toLowerCase().replace(\/[A-Za-z][A-Za-z'\u2019]*\/g,(w,i)=>\r\n    (i>0 && small.has(w)) ? w : w.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+w.slice(1))\r\n    .replace(\/\\bCh\\b\/g,'Ch').replace(\/\\bC&ag\\b\/gi,'C&AG').replace(\/\\bDpc\\b\/g,'DPC');\r\n}\r\nconst chBrief = c => { const m=c.match(\/^CH\\s*(\\d+)\\s*:\\s*(.+)$\/i);\r\n  const cap=t=>t.length>36?t.slice(0,34).trim()+'\u2026':t;\r\n  return m ? 'Ch '+m[1]+': '+cap(titleCase(m[2])) : cap(titleCase(c)); };\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   5. RANKING ENGINE\r\n   Importance where you have rated a chapter; share of the bank where you\r\n   have not. Either way the result is a share of 1, and every label on the\r\n   page is drawn from the T table below so nothing over-claims.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\n\/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n   Matching your importance keys to the chapter strings in the bank.\r\n   Exact spelling is not required. Anything starting with a chapter or an\r\n   appendix number is reduced to a token \u2014 'CH 2', 'Ch-2', 'Chapter 2:\r\n   General Outlines...' all become CH2 \u2014 so a short key in the map finds\r\n   a long chapter name in the bank. Keys with no number fall back to a\r\n   loose text match (case, punctuation and spacing ignored).\r\n   --------------------------------------------------------------------- *\/\r\nfunction impKey(str){\r\n  const t = String(str).toUpperCase().replace(\/[\\u2010-\\u2015]\/g,'-').trim();\r\n  let m = t.match(\/^(?:CH|CHAP|CHAPTER)\\s*[-.:]?\\s*(\\d+)\/);\r\n  if(m) return 'CH'+(+m[1]);\r\n  \/\/ longest spellings first, or 'APPX 5' reads its own X as a roman numeral\r\n  m = t.match(\/^(?:APPENDICES|APPENDIX|ANNEXURES?|ANNEXES?|APNDX|APPX|APDX|APP)\\s*[-.:]?\\s*(\\d+|[IVX]+)\\b\/);\r\n  if(m){ const v=m[1]; return 'APP'+(\/^\\d+$\/.test(v) ? +v : (ROMAN[v.toLowerCase()]||v)); }\r\n  m = t.match(\/^(\\d+)\\s*[-.:)]\/);\r\n  if(m) return 'CH'+(+m[1]);\r\n  return 'T:'+t.replace(\/[^A-Z0-9]+\/g,' ').trim();\r\n}\r\nconst IMP_INDEX = (function(){\r\n  const idx={}, used={};\r\n  Object.keys(chapterImportance).forEach(k=>{\r\n    const v = chapterImportance[k];\r\n    if(typeof v!=='number' || !isFinite(v) || v<0) return;\r\n    const key = impKey(k);\r\n    if(idx[key]!==undefined) console.warn('[importance] two keys collapse to the same chapter: '+k);\r\n    idx[key] = v; used[key] = k;\r\n  });\r\n  return {idx, used};\r\n})();\r\nfunction importanceOf(chapter){\r\n  const k = impKey(chapter);\r\n  if(IMP_INDEX.idx[k]!==undefined) return {value:IMP_INDEX.idx[k], key:k};\r\n  \/\/ last resort for un-numbered names: one contains the other\r\n  if(k.startsWith('T:')){\r\n    const target = k.slice(2);\r\n    const hit = Object.keys(IMP_INDEX.idx).filter(x=>x.startsWith('T:')).find(x=>{\r\n      const a=x.slice(2);\r\n      return a.length>3 && target.length>3 && (target.startsWith(a) || a.startsWith(target));\r\n    });\r\n    if(hit) return {value:IMP_INDEX.idx[hit], key:hit};\r\n  }\r\n  return null;\r\n}\r\n\r\nconst W = (function(){\r\n  const counts={}, total=QS.length;\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>counts[q.chapter]=(counts[q.chapter]||0)+1);\r\n  const raw={}, source={}, derived=[];\r\n  let knownSum=0, knownShare=0;\r\n\r\n  const matched = new Set();\r\n  CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>{\r\n    const hit = importanceOf(c);\r\n    if(hit){\r\n      raw[c]=hit.value; source[c]='rated'; matched.add(hit.key);\r\n      knownSum+=hit.value; knownShare += total?counts[c]\/total:0;\r\n    } else { source[c]='derived'; derived.push(c); }\r\n  });\r\n  const scale = (knownSum>0 && knownShare>0) ? knownSum\/knownShare : 1;\r\n  derived.forEach(c => raw[c] = (total?counts[c]\/total:0)*scale);\r\n  let sum=0; CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>sum+=raw[c]);\r\n  if(!(sum>0)){ CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>{ raw[c]= total?counts[c]\/total:0; source[c]='derived'; }); sum=CHAPTERS.reduce((a,c)=>a+raw[c],0)||1; }\r\n  const weights={}; CHAPTERS.forEach(c=>weights[c]=raw[c]\/sum);\r\n  \/\/ keys you rated that never found a chapter in the bank\r\n  const unmatched = Object.keys(IMP_INDEX.idx).filter(k=>!matched.has(k)).map(k=>IMP_INDEX.used[k]);\r\n  return {weights, raw, source, counts, total, derived, unstocked:unmatched,\r\n          rated: CHAPTERS.some(c=>source[c]==='rated')};\r\n})();\r\nconst weightOf = c => W.weights[c] || 0;\r\nconst pctLabel = x => { const v=(x||0)*100; if(!(v>0)) return '0%';\r\n  return (v<10 ? Math.round(v*10)\/10 : Math.round(v)) + '%'; };\r\n\r\n\/* every phrase that could over-claim lives here, in one place *\/\r\nconst WT = W.rated;                       \/\/ is any chapter rated by hand?\r\nconst T = {\r\n  chipUnit  : ' importance',\r\n  onScreen  : WT ? 'Importance on screen' : 'Share on screen',\r\n  colWeight : 'Importance',\r\n  covered   : WT ? 'Weighted coverage'    : 'Bank covered',\r\n  projected : 'Projected score',\r\n  leakHead  : 'Where you are losing the most',\r\n  leakUnit  : 'points \/100',\r\n  leakWord  : 'points',\r\n  readyDef  : WT ? 'Readiness = \u03a3 (importance \u00d7 mastery)' : 'Readiness = \u03a3 (share of the bank \u00d7 mastery)',\r\n  paperOut  : 'you would score around'\r\n};\r\n\/\/ \"rated 15% importance\" where you have rated it; nothing where you have not\r\nconst impPhrase = r => W.source[r.chapter]==='rated'\r\n  ? 'rated <b>'+pctLabel(r.weight)+'<\/b> importance' : '';\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   6. PROGRESS (localStorage, one record per quizId)\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst SCHEMA = 1;\r\nconst KEY = 'pe_chapterdrill_' + CFG.quizId;\r\nfunction blank(){ return { schema:SCHEMA, stats:{}, weak:[], flags:[], log:[], queue:[], queueLabel:'', queueKind:'', lastUid:null }; }\r\nlet P = (function(){\r\n  const p = blank();\r\n  try{\r\n    const s = localStorage.getItem(KEY);\r\n    if(s){ const j=JSON.parse(s);\r\n      if(j && j.schema===SCHEMA) Object.assign(p, j);\r\n      else if(j) console.warn('[storage] older schema found; starting fresh.');\r\n    }\r\n  }catch(e){ console.warn('progress load failed', e); }\r\n  ['weak','flags','log','queue'].forEach(k=>{ if(!Array.isArray(p[k])) p[k]=[]; });\r\n  if(!p.stats) p.stats={};\r\n  return p;\r\n})();\r\nlet storageWarned=false;\r\nfunction save(){\r\n  try{\r\n    if(P.log.length>400) P.log = P.log.slice(-400);\r\n    localStorage.setItem(KEY, JSON.stringify(P));\r\n  }catch(e){\r\n    try{ P.log = P.log.slice(-80); localStorage.setItem(KEY, JSON.stringify(P)); }\r\n    catch(e2){ if(!storageWarned){ storageWarned=true; toast('Your browser is blocking saved progress \u2014 this sitting will not be remembered'); } }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\nfunction stat(u){ if(!P.stats[u]) P.stats[u]={correct:0,incorrect:0,last:null,lastOk:null}; return P.stats[u]; }\r\nconst flags = new Set(P.flags);\r\nconst weak  = new Set(P.weak);\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   7. SESSION STATE\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst S = { tab:'quiz', filter:'all', chapter:null, i:0, pick:null, nudge:false,\r\n            query:'', unattempted:false, ans:{}, order:[] };\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   8. FORMAT + TRAIT MODEL\r\n   SHAPE  = how the question is built (one per question)\r\n   TRAIT  = what it turns on (a question may carry several)\r\n   A shape gap is a reading habit; a trait gap is recall. Same number,\r\n   opposite remedy \u2014 so they are reported separately.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst SHAPES = [\r\n  { key:'match',  label:'Match the following (List-I \/ List-II)',\r\n    test:q => \/list\\s*-?\\s*i\\b\/i.test(q.question) },\r\n  { key:'multi',  label:'Multi-statement \/ how many are correct',\r\n    test:q => q.question.split(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/).filter(x=>\/^\\s*\\d+[.)]\/.test(x)).length>=2 },\r\n  { key:'direct', label:'Explanation', test:()=>true }  \/\/ catch-all\r\n];\r\nconst TRAITS = [\r\n  { key:'cite',      label:'Para, rule, article or article-number recall',\r\n    test:q => \/\\b(para|paragraph|rule|article|section|appendix|schedule|clause)\\s*[-\u2013]?\\s*\\d\/i.test(q.question+' '+q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'period',    label:'Time limits and periods',\r\n    test:q => \/\\b\\d+\\s*(day|week|month|year|hour)s?\\b|\\b(one|two|three|four|five|six|seven|ten|fourteen|fifteen|twenty|twenty-five|thirty|forty-five|sixty|ninety)[\\s-](day|week|month|year)s?\\b\/i.test(q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'money',     label:'Numbers, monetary limits and percentages',\r\n    test:q => \/\u20b9|\\bRs\\.?\\s*\\d|\\blakhs?\\b|\\bcrores?\\b|per\\s*cent|%|\\bone-(third|fourth|half|tenth)\\b\/i.test(q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'authority', label:'Competent authority \/ level \/ who does what',\r\n    test:q => \/\\bwho\\b|\\bby whom\\b|\\bauthority\\b|\\brank of\\b|\\blevel of\\b|\\bnot below\\b|addressed to|shall be (signed|issued|approved|maintained|prepared|submitted)\/i.test(q.question+' '+q.options.join(' ')) },\r\n  { key:'negative',  label:'Negatively phrased (\u201cNOT correct\u201d, \u201cexcept\u201d)',\r\n    test:q => \/\\bnot correct\\b|\\bis incorrect\\b|\\bare not correct\\b|\\bexcept\\b|\\bdoes not\\b|\\bcannot\\b|\\bnot required\\b|\\bneed not\\b|\\bis\\\/are not\\b\/i.test(q.question) }\r\n];\r\nconst _shape = {};\r\nfunction shapeOf(q){ const u=uid(q); return _shape[u] || (_shape[u] = SHAPES.find(s=>s.test(q)) || SHAPES[SHAPES.length-1]); }\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   9. MODELS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction smoothed(c,i){ const k=CFG.priorStrength, p0=CFG.priorAccuracy; return (c + k*p0)\/(c + i + k); }\r\nfunction expectedRate(c,i,coverage){ return smoothed(c,i)*coverage + CFG.priorAccuracy*(1-coverage); }\r\nfunction recall(st){\r\n  if(!st || !st.last || st.correct<2) return null;\r\n  const R=CFG.retention, reps=Math.max(1, st.correct - st.incorrect);\r\n  const stability = R.baseDays * Math.pow(R.growth, reps-1);\r\n  return Math.exp(-((Date.now()-st.last)\/86400000)\/stability);\r\n}\r\nfunction retentionIndex(){\r\n  let s=0,n=0; QS.forEach(q=>{ const r=recall(P.stats[uid(q)]); if(r!==null){s+=r;n++;} });\r\n  return n ? Math.round(s\/n*100) : null;\r\n}\r\nfunction chapterRows(){\r\n  return CHAPTERS.map(c=>{\r\n    const qs=inCh(c), n=qs.length;\r\n    let att=0, ok=0, bad=0, mastSum=0;\r\n    qs.forEach(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)];\r\n      if(s && (s.correct+s.incorrect)>0){ att++; ok+=s.correct; bad+=s.incorrect; }\r\n      mastSum += s ? Math.min(s.correct\/CFG.masteryThreshold,1) : 0; });\r\n    const acc = (ok+bad) ? ok\/(ok+bad) : null;\r\n    const weight = weightOf(c), coverage = n?att\/n:0, mastery = n?mastSum\/n:0;\r\n    const expected = expectedRate(ok,bad,coverage);\r\n    const leak = weight*(1-expected);\r\n    const difficulty = acc===null ? 1 : (1.4 - 0.6*acc);\r\n    return { chapter:c, count:n, weight, source:W.source[c], att, ok, bad,\r\n             coverage, acc, mastery, expected, leak,\r\n             priority: weight*(1-mastery)*difficulty };\r\n  }).sort((a,b)=>b.weight-a.weight);\r\n}\r\nfunction readiness(){\r\n  const rows=chapterRows();\r\n  return {\r\n    score     : Math.round(rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.weight*r.mastery,0)*100),\r\n    projected : Math.round(rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.weight*r.expected,0)*100),\r\n    covered   : Math.round(rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.weight*r.coverage,0)*100),\r\n    touched   : Object.values(P.stats).some(s=>(s.correct+s.incorrect)>0),\r\n    rows\r\n  };\r\n}\r\nfunction masteredCount(){ return QS.filter(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)]; return s && s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold; }).length; }\r\nfunction formatRows(){\r\n  const acc={};\r\n  const ensure=(k,l,kind)=> acc[k] || (acc[k]={key:k,label:l,kind:kind,ok:0,bad:0,total:0,seen:0});\r\n  SHAPES.forEach(s=>ensure(s.key,s.label,'shape'));\r\n  TRAITS.forEach(t=>ensure(t.key,t.label,'trait'));\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{\r\n    const s=P.stats[uid(q)], buckets=[acc[shapeOf(q).key]];\r\n    TRAITS.forEach(t=>{ if(t.test(q)) buckets.push(acc[t.key]); });\r\n    buckets.forEach(r=>{ r.total++; if(s && (s.correct+s.incorrect)>0){ r.seen++; r.ok+=s.correct; r.bad+=s.incorrect; } });\r\n  });\r\n  return Object.values(acc).map(r=>{ const n=r.ok+r.bad; r.attempts=n; r.acc = n? r.ok\/n : null; return r; })\r\n    .filter(r=>r.total>0);\r\n}\r\nfunction dueForRevision(){\r\n  const risk=CFG.retention.riskBelow;\r\n  return QS.map(q=>{\r\n    const st=P.stats[uid(q)], r=recall(st);\r\n    if(r===null || r>=risk) return null;\r\n    return { q, recall:r, days:Math.floor((Date.now()-st.last)\/86400000), urgency: weightOf(q.chapter)*(1-r) };\r\n  }).filter(Boolean).sort((a,b)=>b.urgency-a.urgency);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   10. SESSION PLANNER\r\n   Focused set \u2014 chapter time in proportion to the marks leaking out.\r\n   Mock paper  \u2014 ignores your history, mirrors the shape of the bank.\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction gain(q){\r\n  const u=uid(q), st=P.stats[u], c=st?st.correct:0, i=st?st.incorrect:0;\r\n  const deficit = 1 - Math.min(c\/CFG.masteryThreshold, 1);\r\n  let urgency = 1 + 0.15*deficit;\r\n  if(weak.has(u)) urgency += 0.60;\r\n  const r = recall(st);\r\n  if(r!==null && r<CFG.retention.riskBelow) urgency += (1-r);\r\n  if(c+i===0) urgency += 0.15;\r\n  return weightOf(q.chapter)*(deficit+0.12)*urgency;\r\n}\r\nfunction allocate(rows,n,shareOf){\r\n  const total = rows.reduce((a,r)=>a+Math.max(0,shareOf(r)),0);\r\n  if(!(total>0)) return rows.map(r=>({r,slots:0}));\r\n  const out = rows.map(r=>{ const exact=n*Math.max(0,shareOf(r))\/total;\r\n    return {r, exact, slots:Math.min(Math.floor(exact), r.count)}; });\r\n  let left = n - out.reduce((a,x)=>a+x.slots,0);\r\n  out.slice().sort((a,b)=>(b.exact-b.slots)-(a.exact-a.slots))\r\n     .forEach(x=>{ if(left>0 && x.slots<x.r.count){ x.slots++; left--; } });\r\n  if(left>0) out.slice().sort((a,b)=>shareOf(b.r)-shareOf(a.r))\r\n     .forEach(x=>{ while(left>0 && x.slots<x.r.count){ x.slots++; left--; } });\r\n  return out;\r\n}\r\n\/* Fisher\u2013Yates, so the order of a sitting is never the order of the bank *\/\r\nfunction shuffle(a){\r\n  for(let i=a.length-1;i>0;i--){ const j=Math.floor(Math.random()*(i+1)); [a[i],a[j]]=[a[j],a[i]]; }\r\n  return a;\r\n}\r\n\/* Weighted sampling without replacement: a high score makes a question\r\n   likely, never certain. Two sittings built back to back therefore share\r\n   only part of their content instead of being identical. *\/\r\nfunction sampleWeighted(pool, n, scoreFn){\r\n  const items = pool.map(q=>({q, w:Math.max(scoreFn(q), 1e-9)}));\r\n  const out=[];\r\n  n = Math.min(n, items.length);\r\n  for(let k=0;k<n;k++){\r\n    let total=0; items.forEach(x=>total+=x.w);\r\n    let r=Math.random()*total, hit=items.length-1;\r\n    for(let i=0;i<items.length;i++){ r-=items[i].w; if(r<=0){ hit=i; break; } }\r\n    out.push(items[hit].q);\r\n    items.splice(hit,1);\r\n  }\r\n  return out;\r\n}\r\nfunction buildSession(kind){\r\n  const rows = chapterRows().filter(r=>r.count>0);\r\n  if(!rows.length) return 0;\r\n  const n = Math.min(kind==='mock'?CFG.mockSize:CFG.sessionSize, QS.length);\r\n  const alloc = allocate(rows, n, kind==='mock' ? (r=>r.weight) : (r=>r.leak));\r\n\r\n  \/\/ whatever you were given last time is pushed down, not banned\r\n  const last = new Set(P.queue||[]);\r\n  const fresh = u => last.has(u) ? 0.3 : 1;\r\n\r\n  const picked=[];\r\n  alloc.forEach(({r,slots})=>{\r\n    if(!slots) return;\r\n    const pool = inCh(r.chapter).slice();\r\n    if(kind==='mock'){\r\n      \/\/ the mock ignores how well you know a question and simply spreads\r\n      \/\/ itself over the bank, favouring what you have seen least\r\n      picked.push(...sampleWeighted(pool, slots, q=>{\r\n        const st=P.stats[uid(q)], seen=st?(st.correct+st.incorrect):0;\r\n        const stale=(st&&st.last) ? Math.min((Date.now()-st.last)\/(86400000*30),1) : 1;\r\n        return (1\/(1+seen*1.6) + 0.35*stale) * fresh(uid(q));\r\n      }));\r\n    } else {\r\n      picked.push(...sampleWeighted(pool, slots, q=>gain(q)*fresh(uid(q))));\r\n    }\r\n  });\r\n  shuffle(picked);\r\n  P.queue = picked.map(uid);\r\n  P.queueLabel = kind==='mock' ? 'Mock paper' : 'Focused set';\r\n  P.queueKind = kind;\r\n  save();\r\n  return picked.length;\r\n}\r\nfunction startSession(kind){\r\n  const had = (P.queue||[]).length;\r\n  const n = buildSession(kind);\r\n  if(!n){ toast('Nothing to build a session from yet'); return; }\r\n  setTab('quiz'); setFilter('session');\r\n  S.ans = {};                                   \/\/ a new sitting starts clean\r\n  toast(P.queueLabel+' ready \u2014 '+n+' fresh questions'+(had?' (previous set replaced)':''), true);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   11. POOL \/ FILTERS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction pool(){\r\n  let p = QS.slice();\r\n  if(S.filter==='chapter' && S.chapter) p = inCh(S.chapter).slice();\r\n  if(S.filter==='weak')    p = p.filter(q=>weak.has(uid(q)));\r\n  if(S.filter==='flagged') p = p.filter(q=>flags.has(uid(q)));\r\n  if(S.filter==='session') p = (P.queue||[]).map(u=>BY_UID.get(u)).filter(Boolean);\r\n  if(S.query){ const t=S.query.toLowerCase();\r\n    p = p.filter(q=>(q.question+' '+q.options.join(' ')+' '+q.explanation).toLowerCase().includes(t)); }\r\n  if(S.unattempted) p = p.filter(q=>S.ans[uid(q)]==null);\r\n  return p;\r\n}\r\nfunction refreshWeak(){\r\n  weak.clear();\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)];\r\n    if(s && s.incorrect>=CFG.weakThreshold && s.correct<CFG.masteryThreshold) weak.add(uid(q)); });\r\n  P.weak=[...weak];\r\n}\r\nrefreshWeak();\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   12. STEM RENDERING (statements + List-I \/ List-II)\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst cleanStem = t => String(t).replace(\/^\\s*(?:Q|Question)\\s*\\.?\\s*\\d+\\s*[.):\\-]\\s*\/i,'').trim();\r\nconst QN = '<span class=\"qno\">Q.<\/span>';   \/\/ the marker printed before every stem\r\nfunction buildStem(raw){\r\n  const lines = raw.split(\/<br\\s*\\\/?>|\\n\/).map(s=>s.trim()).filter(Boolean);\r\n  const plain = s => s.replace(\/<\\\/?b>\/g,'').trim();\r\n  const isMatch = lines.some(l=>\/^List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*I\\b\/i.test(plain(l)));\r\n  const numbered = lines.filter(l=>\/^\\d+[.)]\\s\/.test(plain(l)));\r\n  if(isMatch) return matchCard(lines, plain);\r\n  if(numbered.length>=2) return stmtCard(lines, plain);\r\n  return plainCard(lines);\r\n}\r\n\/* a single-statement question gets the same sheet as the other two, so\r\n   every question on the page reads the same way *\/\r\nfunction plainCard(lines){\r\n  return '<div class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><div class=\"qsheet\">'\r\n    + lines.map((l,i)=>'<p class=\"'+(i===0?'lead':'close')+'\">'+(i===0?QN:'')+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\nfunction stmtCard(lines, plain){\r\n  const isN = l => \/^\\d+[.)]\\s\/.test(plain(l));\r\n  const first = lines.findIndex(isN);\r\n  let last=-1; lines.forEach((l,i)=>{ if(isN(l)) last=i; });\r\n  const head = lines.slice(0,first), tail = lines.slice(last+1);\r\n  const items = lines.slice(first,last+1).filter(isN).map(l=>plain(l).replace(\/^\\d+[.)]\\s*\/,''));\r\n  return '<div class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><div class=\"qsheet\">'\r\n    + head.map((l,i)=>'<p class=\"'+(i===0?'lead':'intro')+'\">'+(i===0?QN:'')+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n    + '<ol class=\"stmts\">'+items.map(t=>'<li><span>'+t+'<\/span><\/li>').join('')+'<\/ol>'\r\n    + tail.map(l=>'<p class=\"close\">'+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\n\/* Match-the-following comes in every shape: one item per line, or the\r\n   whole list run together on a single line separated by semicolons or\r\n   commas, or nothing at all between items. All three are split here so\r\n   the two columns always come out as proper rows. *\/\r\nfunction splitItems(body, kind){\r\n  const lab = kind==='alpha' ? '[A-Fa-f]' : '\\\\d{1,2}';\r\n  const mk  = re => new RegExp(re.replace('LAB', lab), 'g');\r\n  let parts = body.split(mk('\\\\s*[;\\\\n]\\\\s*(?=LAB\\\\s*[.):]\\\\s)'));\r\n  if(parts.length < 2) parts = body.split(mk('\\\\s*,\\\\s*(?=LAB\\\\s*[.):]\\\\s)'));\r\n  if(parts.length < 2) parts = body.split(mk('(?<=\\\\S)\\\\s+(?=LAB\\\\s*[.)]\\\\s)'));\r\n  const re = new RegExp('^\\\\s*('+lab+')\\\\s*[.):]\\\\s*(.+?)\\\\s*[;,.]?\\\\s*$');\r\n  return parts.map(p=>{ const m=String(p).match(re);\r\n    return m ? {k:m[1].toUpperCase(), v:m[2]} : null; }).filter(Boolean);\r\n}\r\nfunction matchCard(lines, plain){\r\n  \/\/ keep line breaks, normalise only runs of spaces\r\n  const text = lines.map(plain).join('\\n').replace(\/[ \\t]+\/g,' ').trim();\r\n\r\n  \/* The opening line almost always names both lists \u2014 \"Match List-I with\r\n     List-II and select\u2026\" \u2014 so the first occurrence of each is the wrong\r\n     one. Take the last List-I that actually has items after it, and the\r\n     first List-II following that. *\/\r\n  const at = re => [...text.matchAll(re)].map(m=>m.index);\r\n  const posI  = at(\/List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*I\\b\/gi);\r\n  const posII = at(\/List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*II\\b\/gi);\r\n  const hasItems = (str,kind) =>\r\n    (kind==='alpha' ? \/[A-F]\\s*[.):]\\s\/ : \/\\d{1,2}\\s*[.):]\\s\/).test(str);\r\n  let iI=-1, iII=-1;\r\n  for(let k=posI.length-1;k>=0 && iI<0;k--){\r\n    const ii = posII.find(x=>x>posI[k]);\r\n    if(ii===undefined) continue;\r\n    if(hasItems(text.slice(posI[k],ii),'alpha') && hasItems(text.slice(ii),'num')){ iI=posI[k]; iII=ii; }\r\n  }\r\n  if(iI<0 || iII<0) return plainCard(lines);\r\n\r\n  const head  = text.slice(0, iI).trim();\r\n  let segI    = text.slice(iI, iII).trim();\r\n  let segII   = text.slice(iII).trim();\r\n\r\n  \/\/ anything after the lists \u2014 \"Code :\", \"Select the correct answer\u2026\"\r\n  let tail = '';\r\n  const t = segII.match(\/(?:\\n|\\s)(Code\\s*[:.]?\\s*$|(?:Select|Choose)\\b[\\s\\S]*$)\/i);\r\n  if(t){ tail = t[1].trim(); segII = segII.slice(0, t.index).trim(); }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ column captions: \"List-I (Purpose of Leave) :\"\r\n  const capRe = \/^List\\s*[-\u2013\u2014]?\\s*I{1,2}\\b\\s*(\\([^)]*\\))?\\s*[:.]?\\s*\/i;\r\n  const hI  = segI.match(capRe),  hII = segII.match(capRe);\r\n  const capI  = hI  ? hI[0].replace(\/[\\s:.]+$\/,'')  : 'List-I';\r\n  const capII = hII ? hII[0].replace(\/[\\s:.]+$\/,'') : 'List-II';\r\n  const rowsI  = splitItems(hI  ? segI.slice(hI[0].length)  : segI,  'alpha');\r\n  const rowsII = splitItems(hII ? segII.slice(hII[0].length): segII, 'num');\r\n  if(!rowsI.length || !rowsII.length) return plainCard(lines);\r\n\r\n  const cell = x => '<li><b>'+x.k+'.<\/b><span>'+x.v+'<\/span><\/li>';\r\n  const headLines = head ? head.split('\\n').filter(Boolean) : [];\r\n  return '<div class=\"stem\" id=\"qStem\"><div class=\"qsheet\">'\r\n    + (headLines.length\r\n        ? headLines.map((l,i)=>'<p class=\"'+(i===0?'lead':'intro')+'\">'+(i===0?QN:'')+l+'<\/p>').join('')\r\n        : '<p class=\"lead\">'+QN+'Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:<\/p>')\r\n    + '<div class=\"lists\">'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lcol\"><h5>'+capI+'<\/h5><ul>'+rowsI.map(cell).join('')+'<\/ul><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lcol\"><h5>'+capII+'<\/h5><ul>'+rowsII.map(cell).join('')+'<\/ul><\/div>'\r\n    + '<\/div>'\r\n    + '<p class=\"close\">'+(tail || 'Select the correct answer using the code given below:')+'<\/p>'\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   13. UI HELPERS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nconst $ = id => document.getElementById(id);\r\nlet toastTimer=null;\r\nfunction toast(msg, ok){\r\n  const t=$('toast'); t.innerHTML=msg; t.className='toast show'+(ok?' ok':'');\r\n  clearTimeout(toastTimer); toastTimer=setTimeout(()=>t.className='toast',3000);\r\n}\r\nconst SRC_ON = !!(CFG.sourceUrl && CFG.sourceUrl.trim());\r\nconst stripHtml = s => String(s).replace(\/<[^>]+>\/g,'').replace(\/\\s+\/g,' ').trim();\r\nconst preview = (q,n) => { const t=stripHtml(q.question); return t.length>n ? t.slice(0,n)+'\u2026' : t; };\r\nfunction stars(u){\r\n  const s=P.stats[u]; if(!s || (s.correct+s.incorrect)===0) return null;\r\n  return { filled: Math.min(s.correct, CFG.masteryThreshold), c:s.correct, i:s.incorrect };\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   14. RENDER \u2014 PRACTICE\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction renderCtx(){\r\n  const panel=$('chapPanel');\r\n  const on = S.filter==='chapter';\r\n  panel.classList.toggle('hide', !on);\r\n  if(!on) return;\r\n  const rows = chapterRows().filter(r=>r.count>0).sort(byChapterOrder);\r\n  if(!S.chapter || !rows.some(r=>r.chapter===S.chapter)) S.chapter = rows[0] ? rows[0].chapter : null;\r\n  $('chapList').innerHTML = rows.map((r,n)=>{\r\n    const sel = r.chapter===S.chapter;\r\n    const mastered = inCh(r.chapter).filter(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)]; return s && s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold; }).length;\r\n    const title = r.chapter+' \u00b7 '+r.count+' question'+(r.count===1?'':'s')+' \u00b7 '\r\n                + Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'% seen'+(mastered?' \u00b7 '+mastered+' mastered':'');\r\n    return '<button class=\"chapchip\" aria-pressed=\"'+sel+'\" data-ch=\"'+encodeURIComponent(r.chapter)+'\" title=\"'+title+'\">'\r\n      + '<span class=\"no\">'+(n+1)+'<\/span>'\r\n      + '<span class=\"cn\">'+titleCase(r.chapter)+'<\/span>'\r\n\r\n      + (mastered===r.count ? '<span class=\"done\">\u2713<\/span>' : '')\r\n      + '<span class=\"cc\">'+r.count+'<\/span><\/button>';\r\n  }).join('');\r\n  const r = rows.find(x=>x.chapter===S.chapter);\r\n  $('ctxMeta').textContent = r\r\n    ? Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'% seen \u00b7 '+(r.acc===null?'not attempted':Math.round(r.acc*100)+'% accurate')\r\n    : '';\r\n}\r\nfunction render(){\r\n  renderCtx();\r\n  const p = pool();\r\n  const ec = $('emptyCard');\r\n  if(!p.length){\r\n    $('qCard').classList.add('hide'); ec.classList.remove('hide');\r\n    $('emptyBody').innerHTML =\r\n      S.query    ? '<b>No match for \u201c'+S.query+'\u201d<\/b>Try a rule or paragraph number, or a phrase like \u201cpart file\u201d.' :\r\n      S.filter==='weak'    ? '<b>No weak areas yet<\/b>Anything you answer wrong lands here until you have it right '+CFG.masteryThreshold+' times.' :\r\n      S.filter==='flagged' ? '<b>Nothing flagged yet<\/b>Press <b style=\"display:inline\">Flag for review<\/b> under any question and it collects here.' :\r\n      S.filter==='session' ? '<b>No session built yet<\/b>Open My Performance and build a Focused set or a Mock paper.' :\r\n      S.unattempted        ? '<b>You have attempted everything here<\/b>Turn off \u201cUnattempted only\u201d to revise what you have done.' :\r\n                             '<b>No questions in this selection<\/b>Clear the search or pick another chapter.';\r\n    renderNav(p); rail(p); return;\r\n  }\r\n  ec.classList.add('hide'); $('qCard').classList.remove('hide');\r\n  if(S.i>=p.length) S.i=0; if(S.i<0) S.i=p.length-1;\r\n\r\n  const q=p[S.i], u=uid(q), given=S.ans[u];\r\n  $('qCount').textContent = 'Question '+(S.i+1)+' of '+p.length;\r\n  $('qChap').textContent  = chBrief(q.chapter);\r\n  const tags=[];\r\n  if(weak.has(u))  tags.push('<span class=\"qtag weak\">\u26a0\ufe0f Weak<\/span>');\r\n  if(flags.has(u)) tags.push('<span class=\"qtag flag\">\ud83d\udd16 Flagged<\/span>');\r\n  const sMast=P.stats[u];\r\n  if(sMast && sMast.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold) tags.push('<span class=\"qtag done\">\u2713 Mastered<\/span>');\r\n  $('qTags').innerHTML = tags.join('');\r\n  const st = stars(u), badge=$('qMastery');\r\n  if(!st){ badge.textContent='Not seen yet'; badge.className='badge-m'; }\r\n  else {\r\n    const done = st.c>=CFG.masteryThreshold;\r\n    badge.textContent = '\u2605'.repeat(st.filled)+'\u2606'.repeat(Math.max(0,CFG.masteryThreshold-st.filled))+'  '+st.c+'\u2713 '+st.i+'\u2717';\r\n    badge.className = 'badge-m'+(weak.has(u)&&!done?' weak':'');\r\n  }\r\n  $('qStem').outerHTML = buildStem(cleanStem(q.question));\r\n\r\n  const box=$('qOpts'); box.innerHTML='';\r\n  q.options.forEach((o,k)=>{\r\n    const b=document.createElement('button');\r\n    b.className='opt';\r\n    b.innerHTML='<span class=\"key\">('+L[k].toLowerCase()+')<\/span><span class=\"txt\">'+o+'<\/span>';\r\n    if(given!=null){\r\n      b.disabled=true;\r\n      if(k===q.correct){ b.classList.add('right'); b.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend','<span class=\"mark r\">Correct<\/span>'); }\r\n      else if(k===given){ b.classList.add('wrong'); b.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend','<span class=\"mark w\">Your answer<\/span>'); }\r\n    } else if(S.pick===k) b.classList.add('sel');\r\n    b.onclick=()=>{ if(given!=null) return; S.pick=k; S.nudge=false; render(); };\r\n    box.appendChild(b);\r\n  });\r\n\r\n  const bc=$('btnCheck');\r\n  bc.disabled = given!=null;\r\n  bc.textContent = given!=null ? 'Answered \u2713' : 'Check answer';\r\n  $('pickHint').classList.toggle('hide', !(given==null && S.pick==null && S.nudge));\r\n  const on = flags.has(u);\r\n  $('btnFlag').setAttribute('aria-pressed', on);\r\n  $('flagIco').textContent = on ? '\ud83d\udd16' : '\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f';\r\n  $('flagTxt').textContent = on ? 'Flagged' : 'Flag for review';\r\n\r\n  const res=$('result');\r\n  res.classList.toggle('hide', given==null);\r\n  if(given!=null){\r\n    const ok = given===q.correct, v=$('verdict');\r\n    v.className='verdict '+(ok?'r':'w');\r\n    v.innerHTML = ok ? '\u2713 Correct \u2014 '+L[q.correct]+' is right'\r\n                     : '\u2715 Not quite \u2014 the answer is '+L[q.correct];\r\n    $('explBody').innerHTML = q.explanation;\r\n  }\r\n  renderNav(p); rail(p);\r\n}\r\nlet navOpen=true;\r\nfunction renderNav(p){\r\n  const card=$('navCard');\r\n  if(!p.length){ card.classList.add('hide'); return; }\r\n  card.classList.remove('hide');\r\n  const done=p.filter(q=>S.ans[uid(q)]!=null).length;\r\n  $('navTitle').textContent = 'Navigator \u2014 '+done+' of '+p.length+' attempted';\r\n  const g=$('navGrid');\r\n  g.classList.toggle('hide', !navOpen);\r\n  $('navToggle').textContent = navOpen ? 'Hide' : 'Show';\r\n  if(!navOpen) return;\r\n  g.innerHTML='';\r\n  p.forEach((q,k)=>{\r\n    const u=uid(q), a=S.ans[u], s=P.stats[u];\r\n    const b=document.createElement('button');\r\n    b.className='nq'+(k===S.i?' cur':(a!=null?(a===q.correct?' r':' w'):''))\r\n              + (s && s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold ? ' mastered':'');\r\n    b.innerHTML=(k+1)+(flags.has(u)?'<span class=\"fl\">\ud83d\udd16<\/span>':'');\r\n    b.title = 'Q'+(k+1)+' \u00b7 '+chBrief(q.chapter)+(a!=null?(a===q.correct?' \u00b7 correct':' \u00b7 wrong'):'');\r\n    b.setAttribute('aria-label','Go to question '+(k+1));\r\n    b.onclick=()=>{ S.i=k; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n    g.appendChild(b);\r\n  });\r\n}\r\nfunction rail(p){\r\n  const seen=Object.keys(S.ans).length;\r\n  const right=Object.entries(S.ans).filter(([u,a])=>BY_UID.get(u) && BY_UID.get(u).correct===a).length;\r\n  $('sPct').textContent = seen ? Math.round(right\/seen*100)+'%' : '\u2014';\r\n  $('sFrac').textContent = right+' of '+seen+' correct';\r\n  $('sBar').style.width = (seen?right\/seen*100:0)+'%';\r\n  $('sSeen').textContent = seen+' attempted';\r\n  $('sLeft').textContent = Math.max(0,p.length-S.i-1)+' left here';\r\n  const st=$('streak'); st.innerHTML='';\r\n  Object.entries(S.ans).slice(-10).forEach(([u,a])=>{\r\n    const q=BY_UID.get(u); if(!q) return;\r\n    const el=document.createElement('i'); el.className = q.correct===a?'r':'w'; st.appendChild(el);\r\n  });\r\n  const chs=[...new Set(p.map(q=>q.chapter))];\r\n  const w=chs.reduce((s,c)=>s+weightOf(c),0)*100;\r\n  $('wPct').textContent = w.toFixed(1)+'%';\r\n  $('wNote').textContent = p.length+' questions on screen, from '+chs.length+' '+(chs.length===1?'chapter':'chapters')+'. '\r\n    + (w>=35 ? 'That is a big slice in one sitting \u2014 worth clearing properly.' : 'Useful for topping up once the bigger chapters are secure.');\r\n  hdr();\r\n}\r\nfunction hdr(){\r\n  $('hQ').textContent = QS.length;\r\n  $('hCh').textContent = CHAPTERS.length;\r\n  $('hMastered').textContent = (QS.length ? Math.round(masteredCount()\/QS.length*100) : 0)+'%';\r\n  const r=readiness();\r\n  $('hReady').textContent = r.touched ? r.score+'%' : '\u2014';\r\n  $('fAll').textContent  = QS.length;\r\n  $('fWeak').textContent = weak.size;\r\n  $('fFlag').textContent = flags.size;\r\n  $('fSess').textContent = (P.queue||[]).length;\r\n  $('pillSession').classList.toggle('hide', !(P.queue||[]).length);\r\n  $('sessLabel').textContent = P.queueLabel || 'My session';\r\n  $('perfPill').classList.toggle('hide', weak.size<5);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   15. RENDER \u2014 PERFORMANCE\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction renderPerf(){\r\n  const body=$('perfBody');\r\n  const seen=Object.values(P.stats).filter(s=>(s.correct+s.incorrect)>0).length;\r\n  $('perfCount').textContent = seen+' questions attempted';\r\n\r\n  if(!QS.length){ body.innerHTML='<div class=\"empty\"><b>No questions loaded<\/b>Paste your bank into <code>chapterQuestions<\/code> and reload.<\/div>'; return; }\r\n  const R = readiness();\r\n  if(!R.touched){\r\n    body.innerHTML = '<div class=\"empty\"><b>Your coach is waiting for data<\/b>Answer a few questions in Practice. '\r\n      + 'The coach then scores your readiness against the weightage of each chapter, works out where marks are leaking, and builds the next sitting for you.<\/div>'\r\n      + plannerHTML(true);\r\n    bindPerf(); return;\r\n  }\r\n  const rows=R.rows, byPriority=[...rows].sort((a,b)=>b.priority-a.priority);\r\n  const allC=Object.values(P.stats).reduce((a,s)=>a+s.correct,0);\r\n  const allI=Object.values(P.stats).reduce((a,s)=>a+s.incorrect,0);\r\n  const accAll = (allC+allI) ? Math.round(allC\/(allC+allI)*100) : 0;\r\n  const recent = P.log.slice(-20);\r\n  const accRec = recent.length ? Math.round(recent.filter(x=>x.ok).length\/recent.length*100) : 0;\r\n  const trend = recent.length>=5 ? (accRec>accAll?' \u2197':(accRec<accAll?' \u2198':'')) : '';\r\n  const ret = retentionIndex();\r\n  const due = dueForRevision();\r\n  const band=(v,hi,mid)=> v>=hi?'var(--ok)': v>=mid?'#8A6206':'var(--bad)';\r\n\r\n  const verdict = R.score>=80 ? '<b>In good shape.<\/b> Hold it there with the revision queue and weak-area drills.'\r\n    : R.score>=60 ? '<b>Strong base.<\/b> Close the gaps in the biggest chapters below to cross 80.'\r\n    : R.score>=35 ? '<b>Building up.<\/b> Work the plan top-down \u2014 it is ordered by what will move this number fastest.'\r\n    : '<b>Early stage.<\/b> Start at the top of the plan; the biggest chapters move this number fastest.';\r\n\r\n  body.innerHTML =\r\n  '<div class=\"hero2\">'\r\n  + '<div class=\"ring-card\"><div class=\"ring\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Readiness '+R.score+' out of 100\">'\r\n    + '<svg width=\"150\" height=\"150\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle class=\"bg\" cx=\"75\" cy=\"75\" r=\"64\"><\/circle>'\r\n    + '<circle class=\"fg\" cx=\"75\" cy=\"75\" r=\"64\" stroke-dasharray=\"402\" stroke-dashoffset=\"'+(402-402*R.score\/100)+'\"><\/circle><\/svg>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"ring-txt\"><b>'+R.score+'<\/b><span>Readiness \/ 100<\/span><\/div><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"verdict2\">'+verdict+'<br><span style=\"font-size:11.6px;opacity:.85\">'+T.readyDef+' across '+CHAPTERS.length\r\n    + ' chapters. On today\\u2019s form '+T.paperOut+' <b>'+R.projected+'%<\/b>.<\/span><\/div><\/div>'\r\n  + '<div class=\"coach\"><h4>\ud83e\udded What to do next<\/h4><div id=\"recoList\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n  + '<\/div>'\r\n\r\n  + plannerHTML(false)\r\n\r\n  + '<div class=\"kpis\">'\r\n    + kpi(R.projected+'%',T.projected, band(R.projected,65,45))\r\n    + kpi(R.covered+'%',T.covered, band(R.covered,70,40))\r\n    + kpi(ret===null?'\u2014':ret+'%','Retention now', ret===null?'var(--slate)':band(ret,75,55))\r\n    + kpi(accAll+'%','Lifetime accuracy', band(accAll,70,45))\r\n    + kpi(accRec+'%'+trend,'Last 20 attempts', band(accRec,70,45))\r\n    + kpi(masteredCount(),'Mastered ('+CFG.masteryThreshold+'\u2713)','var(--ok)')\r\n    + kpi(weak.size,'Weak questions','var(--bad)')\r\n    + kpi(flags.size,'Flagged','#8A6206')\r\n  + '<\/div>'\r\n\r\n  + '<section class=\"pblock\"><div class=\"pbh\"><div class=\"txt\">'\r\n    + '<h4><span class=\"dot\"><\/span>Chapter performance \u2014 priority first<\/h4>'\r\n    + '<p>Ordered by what will move your readiness fastest, not by chapter number.<\/p><\/div>'\r\n    + '<span class=\"pbtag\">'+rows.length+' chapters<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"tblwrap\" style=\"border:0;border-radius:0\"><table class=\"perf-t\"><thead><tr>'\r\n    + '<th>Chapter<\/th>'+(WT?'<th>'+T.colWeight+'<\/th>':'')+'<th>Coverage<\/th><th>Accuracy<\/th><th>Expected<\/th><th>Status<\/th><th><\/th>'\r\n    + '<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>'\r\n    + byPriority.map(r=>{\r\n        const a = r.acc===null?null:Math.round(r.acc*100);\r\n        const tag = r.count===0 ? '<span class=\"tag na\">No questions<\/span>'\r\n          : r.acc===null ? '<span class=\"tag na\">Not started<\/span>'\r\n          : a<45 ? '<span class=\"tag hot\">Critical<\/span>'\r\n          : a<65 ? '<span class=\"tag warm\">Needs work<\/span>'\r\n          : a<85 ? '<span class=\"tag ok\">On track<\/span>'\r\n                 : '<span class=\"tag good\">Strong<\/span>';\r\n        const bar = a===null ? '\u2014'\r\n          : '<div class=\"tbar\"><i style=\"width:'+a+'%;background:'+(a<45?'var(--bad)':a<65?'var(--gold)':'var(--ok)')+'\"><\/i><\/div><span style=\"font-size:11.5px;font-weight:700\">'+a+'%<\/span>';\r\n        const wcell = WT\r\n          ? '<td><b style=\"color:#8A6206;font-size:15px\">'+pctLabel(r.weight)+'<\/b>'\r\n            + '<span class=\"sub\">'+(r.source==='rated'?'you rated this':'not rated yet')+'<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          : '';\r\n        return '<tr><td title=\"'+r.chapter+'\">'+chBrief(r.chapter)\r\n          + '<span class=\"sub\">'+r.count+' question'+(r.count===1?'':'s')+'<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          + wcell\r\n          + '<td>'+r.att+'\/'+r.count+'<span class=\"sub\">'+Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'% seen<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          + '<td>'+bar+'<\/td>'\r\n          + '<td><b>'+Math.round(r.expected*100)+'%<\/b><span class=\"sub\">\u2248 '+(r.leak*100).toFixed(1)+' '+T.leakWord+' lost<\/span><\/td>'\r\n          + '<td>'+tag+'<\/td>'\r\n          + '<td><button class=\"mini-go\" data-goch=\"'+encodeURIComponent(r.chapter)+'\">Drill<\/button><\/td><\/tr>';\r\n      }).join('')\r\n    + '<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section>'\r\n\r\n  + '<section class=\"pblock\"><div class=\"pbh\"><div class=\"txt\">'\r\n    + '<h4><span class=\"dot\"><\/span>'+T.leakHead+'<\/h4>'\r\n    + '<p id=\"leakNote\"><\/p><\/div>'\r\n    + '<span class=\"pbtag\">'+rows.filter(r=>r.count>0).length+' chapters<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"bars\" id=\"leakBars\"><\/div><\/section>'\r\n\r\n  + '<section class=\"pblock\"><div class=\"pbh\"><div class=\"txt\">'\r\n    + '<h4><span class=\"dot\"><\/span>How you handle each kind of question<\/h4>'\r\n    + '<p id=\"fmtNote\"><\/p><\/div>'\r\n    + '<span class=\"pbtag\">Format analysis<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"subhead\"><h5>How the question is built<\/h5><span>one shape per question<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"bars\" id=\"shapeBars\"><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"subhead\"><h5>What the question turns on<\/h5><span>a question can sit in more than one \u2014 a time limit asked as a multi-statement code counts on both<\/span><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"bars\" id=\"traitBars\"><\/div><\/section>'\r\n\r\n  + '<div class=\"split\">'\r\n    + '<div class=\"panel\"><h4 class=\"ph\">Revision queue \u2014 what is fading fastest<\/h4><div id=\"revQ\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"panel\"><h4 class=\"ph\">Mastery distribution<\/h4><div id=\"mastDist\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n  + '<\/div>'\r\n\r\n  + '<div class=\"danger\"><p><b>Danger zone.<\/b> This permanently erases your lifetime performance for this subject \u2014 mastery, weak areas, flags, accuracy history and the readiness score. Reset session on the Practice tab does <b>not<\/b> touch this.<\/p>'\r\n    + '<button class=\"dbtn\" id=\"btnWipe\">\ud83d\uddd1\ufe0f Reset my performance<\/button><\/div>';\r\n\r\n  renderRecos(byPriority, rows, due);\r\n  renderLeaks(rows);\r\n  renderFormats();\r\n  renderRevision(due);\r\n  renderMastery();\r\n  bindPerf();\r\n}\r\nfunction kpi(v,l,color){ return '<div class=\"kpi\"><b style=\"color:'+color+'\">'+v+'<\/b><span>'+l+'<\/span><\/div>'; }\r\nfunction plannerHTML(empty){\r\n  const rows=chapterRows().filter(r=>r.count>0).sort((a,b)=>b.leak-a.leak).slice(0,2).map(r=>chShort(r.chapter));\r\n  return '<div class=\"planner\"><div><h4>Plan the next sitting<\/h4><p id=\"plannerNote\">'\r\n    + (empty\r\n        ? 'The focused set gives each chapter time in proportion to what you are losing in it. The mock paper ignores your history and mirrors the shape of the whole bank. Neither is fixed \\u2014 build again and you get a fresh set of questions.'\r\n        : 'The focused set gives each chapter time in proportion to what is leaking out of it \\u2014 right now mostly <b>'+rows.join('<\/b> and <b>')+'<\/b>. The mock paper ignores your history and mirrors the shape of the whole bank. Neither is fixed: press again for a fresh set, and last time\\u2019s questions are pushed to the back of the queue.')\r\n    + '<\/p><\/div><div class=\"pbtns\">'\r\n    + '<button class=\"pbtn primary\" id=\"btnFocus\">\ud83e\udde9 Focused set \u2014 '+Math.min(CFG.sessionSize,QS.length)+' Q<\/button>'\r\n    + '<button class=\"pbtn\" id=\"btnMock\">\ud83d\udcc4 Mock paper \u2014 '+Math.min(CFG.mockSize,QS.length)+' Q<\/button>'\r\n    + '<\/div><\/div>';\r\n}\r\nfunction renderRecos(byPriority, rows, due){\r\n  const out=[], named=new Set();\r\n  byPriority.slice(0,3).forEach(r=>{\r\n    if(!r.count) return;\r\n    named.add(r.chapter);\r\n    const imp = impPhrase(r);\r\n    if(r.acc===null)\r\n      out.push({ic:'warm',icon:'\ud83e\udded',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(imp?' is '+imp+' and':'')+' you have not touched it yet \u2014 start here.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n    else if(r.acc<0.6)\r\n      out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\ud83d\udd25',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(imp?', '+imp+',':'')+' is running at only <b>'+Math.round(r.acc*100)+'%<\/b> \u2014 about <b>'+(r.leak*100).toFixed(1)+' '+T.leakWord+' per 100<\/b> are going here.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n    else if(r.coverage<0.6)\r\n      out.push({ic:'cool',icon:'\ud83d\udd0d',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>: accuracy is fine at '+Math.round(r.acc*100)+'%, but you have seen only <b>'+Math.round(r.coverage*100)+'%<\/b> of a chapter'+(imp?' '+imp:'')+' \u2014 finish the set.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n    else\r\n      out.push({ic:'good',icon:'\u2705',txt:'<b>'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(imp?' ('+stripHtml(imp)+')':'')+' is in good shape at '+Math.round(r.acc*100)+'% \u2014 keep it warm through the revision queue.',ch:r.chapter});\r\n  });\r\n\r\n  \/\/ a format gap costs you in every chapter at once\r\n  const f = formatRows().filter(r=>r.acc!==null && r.attempts>=8).sort((a,b)=>a.acc-b.acc);\r\n  if(f.length>=2){\r\n    const worst=f[0], best=f[f.length-1];\r\n    if(best.acc-worst.acc >= 0.12){\r\n      const tail = worst.kind==='shape'\r\n        ? 'That is a reading habit, not a gap in the rules \u2014 and it costs you in every chapter at once.'\r\n        : 'That is recall, not comprehension \u2014 these have to be committed to memory, and they turn up everywhere.';\r\n      out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\ud83e\udde9',txt:'<b>'+worst.label+'<\/b> questions are running at <b>'+Math.round(worst.acc*100)+'%<\/b> while you sit at '+Math.round(best.acc*100)+'% on '+best.label.toLowerCase()+'. '+tail});\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  \/\/ big chapter you have exhausted\r\n  const done = rows.filter(r=>!named.has(r.chapter) && r.weight>=0.08 && r.coverage>=0.9 && r.count>0).sort((a,b)=>b.weight-a.weight)[0];\r\n  if(done) out.push({ic:'warm',icon:'\ud83d\udcd8',txt:'You have worked nearly every question in <b>'+chBrief(done.chapter)+'<\/b>'+(impPhrase(done)?', '+impPhrase(done):'')+'. Practice has given what it can \u2014 go back to the source text for the rest.',ch:done.chapter});\r\n  if(WT && W.unstocked.length)\r\n    out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\ud83d\udd73\ufe0f',txt:'<b>'+W.unstocked.length+' rated '+(W.unstocked.length===1?'chapter has':'chapters have')+' no questions in this bank<\/b> \u2014 '+W.unstocked.slice(0,3).map(chBrief).join(', ')+(W.unstocked.length>3?' and others':'')+'. Nothing here prepares you for them.'});\r\n  if(weak.size>=3) out.push({ic:'hot',icon:'\u26a0\ufe0f',txt:'You have <b>'+weak.size+' weak questions<\/b> flagged, biggest chapter first. One Weak-areas sitting clears the backlog.',weak:true});\r\n  if(due.length) out.push({ic:'warm',icon:'\ud83d\udd01',txt:'<b>'+due.length+' questions<\/b> you had mastered have decayed below <b>'+Math.round(CFG.retention.riskBelow*100)+'% recall<\/b>. Re-answering one costs seconds; re-learning it later costs an evening.'});\r\n  if(flags.size) out.push({ic:'cool',icon:'\ud83d\udd16',txt:'<b>'+flags.size+'<\/b> question'+(flags.size>1?'s are':' is')+' flagged for review. Clear the flags before the next mock.',flag:true});\r\n\r\n  $('recoList').innerHTML = out.map(r=>{\r\n    let btn='';\r\n    if(r.ch)        btn='<button class=\"go\" data-goch=\"'+encodeURIComponent(r.ch)+'\">Practice \u2192<\/button>';\r\n    else if(r.weak) btn='<button class=\"go\" data-goweak=\"1\">Start \u2192<\/button>';\r\n    else if(r.flag) btn='<button class=\"go\" data-goflag=\"1\">Open \u2192<\/button>';\r\n    return '<div class=\"reco\"><span class=\"ic '+r.ic+'\">'+r.icon+'<\/span><p>'+r.txt+'<\/p>'+btn+'<\/div>';\r\n  }).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction renderLeaks(rows){\r\n  const list = rows.filter(r=>r.count>0).sort((a,b)=>b.leak-a.leak);\r\n  if(!list.length) return;\r\n  const max = Math.max(0.0001, ...list.map(r=>r.leak));\r\n  const total = list.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.leak,0)*100;\r\n  const top3 = list.slice(0,3);\r\n  $('leakNote').innerHTML = 'On today\\u2019s form you would expect to drop about <b>'+Math.round(total)+' '+T.leakWord+' in every 100<\/b>. <b>'\r\n    + top3.map(r=>chShort(r.chapter)).join(', ')+'<\/b> alone account for <b>'+Math.round(top3.reduce((a,r)=>a+r.leak,0)*100)\r\n    + '<\/b> of them \u2014 the shortest route to a better score.';\r\n  $('leakBars').innerHTML = list.map(r=>{\r\n    const m=r.leak*100;\r\n    const col = m>=8?'linear-gradient(90deg,#F08A92,var(--bad))' : m>=4?'linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold))' : 'linear-gradient(90deg,#9DB6EE,var(--blue-700))';\r\n    return '<div class=\"lrow\"><div><span class=\"lname\" title=\"'+r.chapter+'\">'+chBrief(r.chapter)+'<\/span>'\r\n      + '<span class=\"lsub\">'+(impPhrase(r)?stripHtml(impPhrase(r))+' \u00b7 ':'')+'you would clear about '+Math.round(r.expected*100)+'% today<\/span><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"ltrack\"><div class=\"lfill\" style=\"width:'+(r.leak\/max*100)+'%;background:'+col+'\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lval\">'+m.toFixed(1)+'<small>'+T.leakUnit+'<\/small><\/div><\/div>';\r\n  }).join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction renderFormats(){\r\n  const rows=formatRows();\r\n  const bar = r => {\r\n    const p = r.acc===null?null:Math.round(r.acc*100);\r\n    const col = p===null?'#CBD5E1' : p<50?'linear-gradient(90deg,#F08A92,var(--bad))' : p<70?'linear-gradient(90deg,var(--gold-lt),var(--gold))' : 'linear-gradient(90deg,#6EE7B7,var(--ok))';\r\n    return '<div class=\"lrow\"><div><span class=\"lname\">'+r.label+'<\/span>'\r\n      + '<span class=\"lsub\">'+r.total+' in this bank \u00b7 '+r.seen+' attempted<\/span><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"ltrack\"><div class=\"lfill\" style=\"width:'+(p===null?0:p)+'%;background:'+col+'\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n      + '<div class=\"lval\">'+(p===null?'\u2014':p+'%')+'<small>accuracy<\/small><\/div><\/div>';\r\n  };\r\n  const sorter=(a,b)=>(a.acc===null)-(b.acc===null)||(a.acc-b.acc);\r\n  $('shapeBars').innerHTML = rows.filter(r=>r.kind==='shape').sort(sorter).map(bar).join('');\r\n  $('traitBars').innerHTML = rows.filter(r=>r.kind==='trait').sort(sorter).map(bar).join('');\r\n  const rated = rows.filter(r=>r.acc!==null && r.attempts>=8).sort(sorter);\r\n  $('fmtNote').innerHTML = rated.length>=2\r\n    ? (()=>{ const w=rated[0], b=rated[rated.length-1], gap=Math.round((b.acc-w.acc)*100);\r\n        return gap>=12\r\n          ? 'Your weakest kind of question is <b>'+w.label+'<\/b> at <b>'+Math.round(w.acc*100)+'%<\/b>, against <b>'+Math.round(b.acc*100)+'%<\/b> on '+b.label.toLowerCase()+' \u2014 a <b>'+gap+'-point<\/b> gap. That is worth more than any single chapter, because these turn up in all of them.'\r\n          : 'You handle the different kinds of question evenly, within <b>'+gap+' points<\/b> of each other. Nothing to fix here \u2014 keep working the chapter list.'; })()\r\n    : 'Attempt a few more and this will show whether the format is costing you more than the topic.';\r\n}\r\nfunction renderRevision(due){\r\n  $('revQ').innerHTML = due.length\r\n    ? due.slice(0,8).map(d=>'<button class=\"rev\" data-gouid=\"'+encodeURIComponent(uid(d.q))+'\">'\r\n        + '<span class=\"n\">Q'+d.q.id+'<\/span><span class=\"t\">'+preview(d.q,58)+'<\/span>'\r\n        + '<span class=\"d\">'+Math.round(d.recall*100)+'% recall<\/span><\/button>').join('')\r\n    : '<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.6\">Nothing decaying right now. Mastered questions return here as their estimated recall drops below '+Math.round(CFG.retention.riskBelow*100)+'%.<\/p>';\r\n}\r\nfunction renderMastery(){\r\n  const b=[0,0,0,0];\r\n  QS.forEach(q=>{ const s=P.stats[uid(q)];\r\n    if(!s || (s.correct+s.incorrect)===0) b[0]++;\r\n    else if(s.correct>=CFG.masteryThreshold) b[3]++;\r\n    else if(s.correct>=2) b[2]++;\r\n    else b[1]++; });\r\n  const labels=['Untouched','Learning (0\u20131 \u2713)','Almost there (2 \u2713)','Mastered ('+CFG.masteryThreshold+' \u2713+)'];\r\n  const cols=['#CBD5E1','var(--gold)','var(--blue-700)','var(--ok)'];\r\n  $('mastDist').innerHTML = b.map((n,i)=>\r\n    '<div class=\"lrow\" style=\"grid-template-columns:minmax(120px,1fr) 2fr 54px\"><span class=\"lname\">'+labels[i]+'<\/span>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"ltrack\"><div class=\"lfill\" style=\"width:'+(QS.length?n\/QS.length*100:0)+'%;background:'+cols[i]+'\"><\/div><\/div>'\r\n    + '<div class=\"lval\" style=\"font-size:15px\">'+n+'<\/div><\/div>').join('');\r\n}\r\nfunction bindPerf(){\r\n  const f=$('btnFocus'), m=$('btnMock'), w=$('btnWipe');\r\n  if(f) f.onclick=()=>startSession('focus');\r\n  if(m) m.onclick=()=>startSession('mock');\r\n  if(w) w.onclick=wipe;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   16. ANSWERING\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction check(){\r\n  const p=pool(), q=p[S.i]; if(!q) return;\r\n  if(S.pick==null){ S.nudge=true; render(); return; }\r\n  const u=uid(q), ok = S.pick===q.correct;\r\n  S.ans[u]=S.pick; S.pick=null; S.nudge=false;\r\n  const s=stat(u);\r\n  ok ? s.correct++ : s.incorrect++;\r\n  s.last=Date.now(); s.lastOk=ok;\r\n  P.log.push({u, ok, ts:Date.now()});\r\n  P.lastUid=u;\r\n  refreshWeak(); save(); render();\r\n  const res=$('result'); if(res && res.scrollIntoView) try{ res.scrollIntoView({block:'nearest',behavior:'smooth'}); }catch(e){}\r\n}\r\nfunction wipe(){\r\n  if(!confirm('Permanently erase ALL lifetime performance for this subject?\\n\\nMastery, weak areas, flags, accuracy history, the built session and the readiness score all go. This cannot be undone.')) return;\r\n  P = blank(); flags.clear(); weak.clear(); S.ans={};\r\n  save(); setFilter('all'); renderPerf(); hdr();\r\n  toast('Lifetime performance erased', true);\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* =====================================================================\r\n   18. EVENTS\r\n   ===================================================================== *\/\r\nfunction setTab(t){\r\n  S.tab=t;\r\n  document.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .tab').forEach(b=>b.setAttribute('aria-selected', b.dataset.tab===t));\r\n  $('viewQuiz').classList.toggle('hide', t!=='quiz');\r\n  $('viewPerf').classList.toggle('hide', t!=='perf');\r\n  $('cdFilters').classList.toggle('hide', t!=='quiz');\r\n  if(t==='perf') renderPerf();\r\n}\r\nfunction setFilter(f, ch){\r\n  S.filter=f; S.i=0; S.pick=null;\r\n  if(ch) S.chapter=ch;\r\n  document.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .pill-f').forEach(b=>b.setAttribute('aria-pressed', b.dataset.f===f));\r\n  render();\r\n}\r\ndocument.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .tab').forEach(b=>b.onclick=()=>setTab(b.dataset.tab));\r\ndocument.querySelectorAll('#cdRoot .pill-f').forEach(b=>b.onclick=()=>setFilter(b.dataset.f));\r\n$('chapList').addEventListener('click', e=>{\r\n  const chip=e.target.closest('.chapchip'); if(!chip) return;\r\n  S.chapter = decodeURIComponent(chip.dataset.ch);\r\n  S.i=0; S.pick=null; render();\r\n});\r\n$('btnCheck').onclick = check;\r\n$('btnNext').onclick  = ()=>{ S.i++; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n$('btnPrev').onclick  = ()=>{ S.i--; S.pick=null; render(); };\r\n$('btnFlag').onclick  = ()=>{\r\n  const p=pool(), q=p[S.i]; if(!q) return;\r\n  const u=uid(q);\r\n  flags.has(u) ? flags.delete(u) : flags.add(u);\r\n  P.flags=[...flags]; save(); render();\r\n};\r\n$('navToggle').onclick = ()=>{ navOpen=!navOpen; renderNav(pool()); };\r\nlet tmr;\r\n$('cdSearch').addEventListener('input', e=>{\r\n  clearTimeout(tmr);\r\n  tmr=setTimeout(()=>{ S.query=e.target.value.trim(); S.i=0; S.pick=null; render(); },220);\r\n});\r\n$('tglUn').onclick = e=>{\r\n  S.unattempted=!S.unattempted;\r\n  e.currentTarget.setAttribute('aria-pressed',S.unattempted);\r\n  e.currentTarget.firstChild.textContent = S.unattempted?'\u2611 ':'\u25fb ';\r\n  S.i=0; S.pick=null; render();\r\n};\r\n$('tglReset').onclick = ()=>{\r\n  if(!Object.keys(S.ans).length) return;\r\n  if(!confirm('Reset this sitting? 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